Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter (10) includes a high order delta sigma modulator followed by a decimation filter. A monitor circuit (104)coupled to the output of the delta sigma modulator operates to reset its integrators if an unstable condition is detected on the output. The monitor circuit produces first and second jamming signals in response to either a detected overvoltage or undervoltage of the delta sigma modulator input. A logic circuit (SW1) includes a data input coupled to the output of the delta sigma modulator and a data output (89) that jams the input of digital filter (106) with “1” s or “0” s in response to the first or second jamming signal, respectively, to ensure a correct (+) or (−) full scale decimation filter output.

Abstract: A decoding device includes a signal-conditioning device for generating an intermediate signal from an input signal, a data register for storing a time section of the intermediate signal and a bit decoder for converting the intermediate signal into an output signal having at least one bit. The decoding device also includes a pattern recognition device. The decoding device enables even severely disturbed signals to be reliably detected and correctly decoded. Simple adaptation of the decoding device to various uses is possible. A smart card including the decoding device is also provided.

Abstract: A system for determining the scan type of a signal, such as a radar signal, includes a scan detector, a transformer (e.g., an FFT algorithm), a correlator, and a decision block. The signal is received and processed by the scan detector. The scan detector provides an envelope signal, representing the scan type of the received signal. The envelope signal is transformed, typically from a time domain signal to a frequency domain signal, by any of several processes including a Fourier transform, a Laplace transform, an FFT, or a DFT. The transformed envelope signal is compared to several scan data sets by the correlator. Each scan data set represents a particular scan type. If the decision block determines that the comparison between the transformed envelope signal and a scan data set meets (or exceeds) a degree of similarity, the scan type of the received signal is determined to be the scan type of that scan data set.

Abstract: A stationary object detection method for a scanning radar wherein, of peaks generated based on a radar signal reflected from a target, peaks having substantially the same frequency are grouped together, and a decision is made as to whether or not the frequency of the grouped peaks is equal to/higher than a predetermined value, and wherein if the peak frequency is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, then a decision is made as to whether or not the number of grouped peaks is equal to or greater than a predetermined number and, if the number of peaks is equal to or greater than the predetermined number, it is decided that the target is an overhead bridge candidate or an overhead bridge.

Abstract: A liquid level measuring gauging system including a radar antenna, a plurality of functionally independent radar measuring channels, and a feeder operably connected with the channels and operable to feed microwave signals of the channels to the antenna.

Abstract: A method for reducing the false alarm rate, i.e. the number of alarms of fixed targets erroneously declared as moving targets in the radar images of two- or multi-channel MTI radar devices, wherein the suppression of fixed target echoes over the moving target echoes within the main antenna lobe occurs through a space time adaptive processing—STAP—filter. The method uses a comparison of the amplitude amounts or power values of the range Doppler frequency cells with a threshold that can be specified in constant terms and summary of the resulting alarms. A target function is compared with defined test functions and selection criteria are determined from suitable combined calculation methods that are applied to the test and target functions for the purpose of classifying a respective target alarm as a moving or fixed target alarm.

Abstract: Movement of a GMTI radar during a coherent processing interval over which a set of radar pulses are processed may cause defocusing of a range-Doppler map in the video signal. This problem may be compensated by varying waveform or sampling parameters of each pulse to compensate for distortions caused by variations in viewing angles from the radar to the target.

Abstract: A harmonic radar nonlinear junction detector system for detecting concealed weapons, electronics, and other man-made objects utilizing state-of-the art wireless technology, circuit fabrication, signal synthesis, and computer processing techniques to detect and characterize man-made objects possessing nonlinear junctions. The system transmits a pair of low power waveforms and a receiver within the system is coherently tuned to harmonics of the transmitted frequencies of the waveforms to detect man-made metal objects and electronics that contain non-linear junctions. The receiver is also capable of receiving inter-modulation products reflected from the man-made objects that are a result of using two incident signals. The system uses two signal sources generating user-definable waveforms of variable frequencies in order to provide enhanced discrimination and target identification abilities via the processing of returned inter-modulation products.

Abstract: There is provided a mobile radio with Global Positioning System (GPS) capability. The mobile radio with GPS capability includes a GPS receiver and a mobile radio transceiver. The GPS receiver receives position information from GPS satellites for presentation to a user of the mobile radio. The mobile radio transceiver transmits and receives radio frequency (RF) signals. The RF signals include at least one of speech and the position information.

Abstract: Transmit a desired signal from a first antenna, and an interference signal from a second antenna, and calculate a weight vector by which the interference signal can be eliminated and the desired signal can be array-received by a third antenna and a fourth antenna. While having the third antenna and the fourth antenna array-transmit signals using the weight vector calculated, fluctuate the phase amount and the amplitude amount of the signals transmitted by the fourth antenna, so as to calculate a correction value from the phase amount and the amplitude amount at the time when the signal level of the signals received by the second antenna is minimum.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus capable of generating scanning beams through a range of 0°-90° is provided. The antenna apparatus includes one or more rows of antenna elements, with the antenna elements in each row being arranged in pairs. The elements within a pair are separated by a distance of about lambda/four, and the pairs are separated by a distance of about lambda/two, where lambda is the wavelength of the center frequency of signals transmitted from the antenna apparatus. Transmit/receive circuitry may be electrically connected to each pair of antenna elements, with the signal to elements within a pair having a phase quadrature relationship so that the pair of antenna elements generates a scanning beam in one direction and a control pattern null is achieved in another direction. A control system controls the generation of a scanning beam output by the antenna apparatus.

Abstract: In a Wireless Location System, reception and demodulation of signals is often performed at many sites. A collision may occur, e.g., in a TDMA, AMPS, GSM, GPRS, EDGE, CDMA, CDMA 2000, or WCDMA system, when a signal of interest (a transmission from a mobile transmitter to be located) and an interfering signal are received at the same time and at the same site. In the event such a collision occurs, the interfering signal may have been demodulated by a receiver system, or SCS, at another site, and the demodulated data be known by the TLP. This interferer can be reconstructed and subtracted from the raw data representing the combined signal of interest and interferer at the site where the collision occurred. This technique can provide significant (e.g., approximately 10-15 dB) interference rejection, with little degradation to the signal of interest.

Abstract: A system is provided for assisting in the detection and tracking of narrowband signals arriving at an antenna array operating over a wide detection bandwidth and in a crowded RF environment. Since the nature of the detection mission is constrained to be a general search, the system does not attempt to detect signals of interest via matched filtering mechanisms (i.e. training sets), but exploits general properties such as power, frequency, time and angle of arrival. For the purposes of providing sufficient Frequency/Time resolution as well as to avoid array overloading in the detection process, the digitized wideband streaming data is frequency channelized using a sufficiently high revisit rate for the signal set of interest, constrained by the required feature detection accuracy or environment adaption rates. Within each frequency subchannel, efficient array signal subspace tracking techniques are used to separate and track spatially separated cochannel signals.

Abstract: A source localising method comprises the steps of measuring the power received by a set of sensors and selecting N measurements from respective sensors, where N is an even number and at least four. N−1 different direct power ratios are constructed each derived from the N power measurements, with different numerators and denominators derived from respective halves of the measurements in each case. The construction of N−1 direct power ratios is facilitated by the use of a suitably constructed Hadamard matrix. Each direct power ratio may be converted with a logarithmic transformation into a linear combination of measured powers.

Abstract: The present invention is concerning an element antenna to construct an efficient antenna system, which is able to control mechanical movement of micro-strip patch antenna and to control electrical phase of signal. The movement of an element antenna is come from movement of a platform on which the element antenna is formed. The platform is made of dielectric material and able to move independently from base. The element antenna can be controlled to any direction. An antenna patch has magnetic material layer such as nickel on the backside. The antenna patch is driven by magnetic force.

Abstract: A monolithic semiconductor power device. The device is designed to produce high energy density and high power level RF/Millimeter wave radiation using the quasi-optical spatial power of an array (100) of small amplifiers (200) on a solid state wafer (300). Each cell (200) of the array (100) contains a reflection amplifier (206) that receives radiation and retransmits the signal back into the approximate same direction from which it was received. The radiation exiting from the array (100) is physically like a reflection that has been modified by the individual amplifier's characteristics. The exiting amplified radiation leaves the array (100) as a coherent wave front (110). The individual amplifier elements are fabricated on a monolithic solid state wafer (300). Rather than being diced into individual amplifiers, the elements are electrically connected together with proper biases and ground levels on the actual solid state wafer.

Abstract: A multi-band radio communication device with an antenna system that includes an antenna element and a parasitic element located in proximity to the antenna element. A tuning circuit is coupled to the parasitic element. The tuning circuit is variable to adjust the parasitic load on the antenna element to provide variable operating frequencies and bandwidths for the communication device.

Abstract: A dual uncoupled mode box antenna which includes a conductive bottom horizontal ground plane, and a box structure superimposed on this ground plane. The box structure includes a vertical first conductive side insulated from the ground plane, and a vertical second conductive side insulated from the ground plane positioned in gapped relation to the first side. There is also a vertical third conductive side which is grounded to the ground plane and which is positioned in perpendicular gapped relation to second side. A vertical fourth conductive side is also grounded to the ground plane and is positioned in perpendicular gapped relation to the first and third sides. A conductive top is superimposed over and insulated from the first, second, third, and fourth sides. The first and second sides are fed in quadrature to create either left handed or right handed polarization.

Abstract: An antenna structure in the shape of a conducting plate for radiating and receiving electromagnetic signals and having a first opening for producing electromagnetic resonance at a first frequency band and a second opening for producing electromagnetic resonance at a second frequency band. A coaxial cable is used to feed signals of both frequency bands to the antenna across the first opening. The first opening can be on a deflected part of the conducting plate relative to the second opening.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide to a planar multiple band omni radiation pattern antenna having first and second patch lines printed on a planar dielectric substrate material, wherein a plurality of radiation members are formed bifurcately, symmetrically along both sides of a longitudinal axis of either patch line. Each of the radiation members comprises at least two post-shaped conductors each having a length slightly less than one-quarter wavelength of a central frequency of each operating frequency so as to form a choke and the radiation members of multi-frequency, and enable the operating frequencies not to be harmonically related.

Abstract: A tunable antenna matching circuit is provided. The matching circuit includes a ferro-electric tunable component. A control signal is applied to the tunable component, changing the component's impedance. This changes the impedance of the matching circuit.

Abstract: A quadrifilar helix antenna is provided having a feedpoint for the antenna connecting to individual helical antenna elements. A capacitive network, distributed along the length of the antenna, constitutes a variable frequency shunting network. At each position a first capacitive structure, that may comprise a single capacitor or multiple capacitors in series, interconnects a first pair of opposite antenna elements; a second capacitive structure interconnects the second pair of opposite antenna elements. As an applied frequency increases, the capacitive structures progressively short the opposite antenna elements thereby electrically reducing the antenna length.

Abstract: A multi-band antenna comprising two or more low frequency radiators dimensioned to operate in a low frequency band, and two or more high frequency radiators dimensioned to operate in a high frequency band. Each high frequency radiator is substantially coplanar with the low frequency radiators, and is formed in a spiral with the high and low frequency radiators interleaved. A hybrid feed network has two or more antenna ports, each antenna port being coupled with a low frequency radiator and a high frequency radiator. The antenna can be used for receiving GPS L1/L2 signals. The antenna is configured to send and/or receive circularly polarized radiation.

Abstract: A display unit is provided wherein a serial interface adapter (2) is provided between a PC (3) and a CPU (10) provided within the display unit and which is capable of performing mutual conversion between communication information compliant with interface specifications of the PC (3) and a display. The display unit is capable of communicating with various computers through the serial interface adapter (2). Further, the serial interface adapter (2) is removably provided and placed in a front panel of the display. The serial interface adapter (2) takes such a configuration as to be easily replaced by another according to the interface specifications of the PC.

Abstract: Lighting apparatus comprises (i) a deflector to deflect a light beam from a video projector in a plurality of directions, (ii) image processing means to process image information and comprising an input to receive raw image information from an image source, a processor to process the raw image information into processed image information, and an output to output processed image information to the video projector, and (iii) a controller that controls operation of the processor of the image processing means according to the status of the deflector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display system using polarization characteristics of a liquid crystal display panel, which realizes a stereoscopic image by disposing in an entrance pupil or in an exit pupil of a projection lens a polarization plate arranged for two polarization plates of an circular polarization opposite to each other in polarization directions or two linear polarization plates having a polarization direction of a 90 degree difference to each other to be fitted in the left and right sides on a center line, projecting left and right images of a display device panel on a screen through a projection lens in the left and right polarization directions of the polarization plate, splitting an image of the polarization plate, that is, the left and right images through viewing zones, and forming the viewing zones which can view images corresponding to the left and right eyes having the same polarization as the polarization plate.

Abstract: In a vehicle display device having displays fitted in a grained panel of an instrument panel of a vehicle and serving to emit a display light to an outside during lighting, a front face of each of the displays is covered with a screen having a grained pattern which is provided with a large number of minute holes capable of transmitting the display light. Consequently, a screen can be seen through the minute holes of the screen when the display is turned on, while the display is hidden by the grained screen when the display is turned off. Therefore, the whole portion including the part having the display fitted therein is unified to be grained.

Abstract: A method of driving a plasma display panel including erasing wall charges formed in a previous sub-field, applying X and Y scan pulses of first and second polarities to the X and Y electrode lines of a first pair of the X and Y groups that includes a first pair of the X and Y electrode lines, and an X scan pulse of a second polarity to form wall charges of the second polarity around the Y electrode lines, applying a display data signal corresponding to the first pair of the X and Y electrode lines to address electrode lines while applying a bias voltage of the first and second polarities to the X and Y electrode lines to erase the wall charges formed at discharge cells which are not to be displayed, and repeatedly applying sustain pulses to the X and Y electrode lines.

Abstract: The invention proposes a novel technique for coding video for a plasma display panel, which aims to improve the use of rotating code. The method forming the subject of the invention carries out a coding of the highest grey level V1 over the entirety of the subscans while favouring the subscans whose illumination time is the lowest. The coding of the lowest grey level V2 is achieved using the common value COMMAX which results from the coding of the value V1 if the specific value SPEMAX is greater than the difference D of the grey levels. If SPEMAX is greater than the difference D, then the coding of the common value COMMIN corresponds to the lowest value V2.

Abstract: A display device capable of preventing a reduction of an electric charge stored in a gate electrode of an EL driver TFT, reduction due to a leak current of a switching TFT, and capable of preventing a reduction of the brightness of light emitted by an EL element is provided. One region of a source region and a drain region of a switching TFT is connected to an input side of an SRAM, and an output side of the SRAM and a gate electrode of the EL driver TFT are connected. The SRAM stores an input digital data signal until the next digital data signal is input.

Abstract: The display of a notebook computer includes a privacy filter extending over the display screen to limit the viewing angle within which the image on the screen can be discerned. To allow for normal viewing when the privacy feature is not required, the privacy filter is movable from the screen by sliding into a cavity extending from one side of the screen to be rolled onto a roller or to be stored partly behind the screen. Alternately, a privacy filter is provided that is electrically switchable between a mode in which the viewing angle is limited and a mode in which normal viewing is permitted. The movable privacy filter includes closely spaced louvers surrounded by clear plastic or, alternately, a polarizer. The switchable privacy filter includes a liquid crystal device and a polarizer.

Abstract: A column electrode driving circuit for an image display device for selecting, from among a plurality of reference voltage levels, reference voltage levels respectively corresponding to gray scale levels in input data, and outputting the respective selected voltage levels to at least one data line. The input data includes data of a first color, a second color, and a third color. The reference voltage levels are independently selected corresponding to the gray scale levels in the input data of the first, second, and third colors. Among the reference voltage levels independently selected corresponding to a given gray scale level in the input data of the first, second, and third colors, the reference voltage level selected corresponding to at least one color is different from the reference voltage level or levels selected corresponding to the other color or colors, the given gray scale level being within a predetermined range.

Abstract: A semiconductor display device with low power consumption, low electromagnetic noise, and low unwanted radiation is provided. In a peripheral driving circuit, a clock signal with a voltage level increased by a level shifter circuit is input to a shift register circuit. Then a timing signal from the shift register circuit is input to a level shifter circuit, and the voltage level is thus raised in two stages.

Abstract: There is provided a handy terminal including (a) a body, (b) a central processing unit housed in the body, (c) a display screen equipped at a surface of the body, displaying therein data instructed by the central processing unit, (d) a display controller controlling an operation of the display screen in accordance with a display control signal transmitted from the central processing unit, and (e) an inclination detector detecting a direction in which the body is inclined and an inclination angle by which the body is inclined, and transmitting an inclination-indicating signal indicative of the thus detected inclination direction and angle of the body to the central processing unit. The central processing unit transmits a display control signal indicative of the detected inclination direction and angle of the body to the display controller, which scrolls the data displayed in the display screen in accordance with the received display control signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for a graphical user interface for a navigation system. The graphical user interface includes a display having several groups of symbols with each group arranged in a unique pre-determined direction relative to a start position. A user manipulatable directional input device permits a user to select any one of the groups with a single keystroke. Once a group has been selected, the directional input device permits a user to activate any one of the symbols within a group with a single keystroke. An activated symbol can be selected with one keystroke by the user. Selection of a symbol then re-activates the start position.

Abstract: A passive optical mouse is provided. The mouse does not require an interrogating light source. Instead, the mouse includes a sensor array and lens assembly that captures ambient images from arbitrary sources. A comparison is made between successive images to determine movement of the mouse. The movement of the mouse causes a movement vector to be output, which is used to control movement of a cursor of a computer. In addition, the mouse is configured to provide dual mode operation wherein the mouse can also operate as a video camera.

Abstract: Letters (more generally, language symbols) are entered electronically by selecting, in sequential fashion, two keys on a standard phone layout. In preferred embodiments, the two keys in the sequence are located in the same row. The first key selected is that key on which the desired letter is displayed, and the second key is given by the spatial position of the desired letter within its group of letters on the key. The letters and keys may be color-coded to aid the user when inputting the two-key sequences. Letters may be selected to spell out words on a screen and then sent electronically to a remote device or recipient.

Abstract: A remote control for controlling a home entertainment (HE) device such as an Interactive television having a display screen. The remote control includes a touch pad mapped to the display screen of the HE device as a function of the ratio of the areas of the touch pad and the display screen such that each location of the touch pad corresponds to a respective location of the display screen. The remote controller further includes a controller operable with the touch pad to enable a control function associated with a location of the display screen in response to the corresponding location of the touch pad being touched for controlling the HE device. The display screen may include on-screen keyboards, control panels and menus, an Internet page, an electronic program guide, and the like.

Abstract: A method of determining a type of touch plane operator input device comprises sensing the impedance across first and second terminals of a touch plane operator input device to distinguish the touch plane operator input device as being one of at least two different types of touch plane operator input devices. A method of processing an input from a touch plane operator input device comprises determining a first location of a first touch on the touch plane operator input device; determining a second location of a second touch on the touch plane operator input device; comparing the first and second locations to obtain an indication of an amount of difference between the first and second locations; and determining whether the indication of the amount of difference exceeds a predetermined amount. These steps are performed by discrete logic circuitry that provides an event notification to a microprocessor when the indication of the amount of difference exceeds the predetermined amount.

Abstract: A page information display method for displaying electronic information includes a page turning operation detecting step of outputting a page turning operation detecting signal when a dragging is made on an operation unit in parallel or unparallel to a predefined page turning direction at a current page read from a storage unit that is to be displayed at present, a next display page setting step of setting a preceding page or a succeeding page immediately before or after a current page depending on a direction of a dragging operation to a next display page to be displayed next, when a page turning operation detecting signal is detected in the page turning operation detecting step, and a page turning process step of displaying the next display page set in the next display page setting step in place of the current page on a display unit.

Abstract: According to the present invention, as a current-driven light-emitting means is driven by a current-adding D/A converter driving means, it is possible to drive the light-emitting means with large driving power. Moreover, electric power consumption may be reduced by the generation of wasteful drive currents being suppressed. Therefore, obtained are images of high intensity in an efficient manner with low electric power consumption.

Abstract: A flat panel having at least one non-conductive substrate having a first conductor array on the surface thereof and a dielectric layer on said first conductor array having an exposed flat surface. A first predetermined pattern of vias external through the dielectric layer to pads on each conductor in the array. A second predetermined pattern of vias extend through the dielectric layer to further conductive pads, and an input and through-feed second conductor array is on the substrate with the dielectric layer covering the second predetermined pattern. A conductor material, preferably a gold frit, is in contact with the conductor at the bottom of each via, respectively, and partially filling same to a predetermined level below said exposed flat surface.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electrooptical device capable of achieving a large area display by making full use of the size of the substrate. An active matrix substrate acts as a driver portion for the reflection-type electrooptical device. A pixel matrix circuit and logic circuitry are formed on the active matrix substrate. At this time, the logic circuitry is disposed, by making use of a dead space in the pixel matrix circuit. The area occupied by the pixel matrix circuit, or image display region, can be enlarged without being limited by the area occupied by the logic circuitry.

Abstract: A monolithic integrated circuit for use in a digital display unit. The circuit may include an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a scaler and a clock recovery circuit. The present invention enables the integration of at least these components into a single monolithic integrated circuit while maintaining reasonable display quality. Specifically, the monolithic integrated circuit is designed for substantial immunity from noise, which may otherwise result from integration.

Abstract: A device for indicating prices, article numbers or similar information on the edges of the shelves in department stores or storing premises. The device comprises a number of displays which shall be mounted to the shelves, and each display is connected to a separate electronic control unit and forms together with said unit an operative unit having its own power source. This operative unit is directly or indirectly connected to external control apparatus.

Abstract: A method for enhancing a sporting event by localized display of information is disclosed. Information is collected and correlated with an associated spatial location. A portion of that information is selected based on its relevance. The portion of information selected is displayed at that spatial location.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to new and improved methods and apparatus for displaying volumetric 3D images with colors and for barrier-free interaction with the 3D images. A raw 3D dataset is first processed into a viewable data with a geometry description in the form of a collection of scattered points, curves and surfaces, and a corresponding color description. One of the four color combination methods, exact, spatial, temporal, or spatio-temporal, is the used to process the viewable data into three data subsets, each of a collection of points and of a different color frequency. A set of separate image patterns, each pattern of a different color frequency, is then displayed on a color display system according to the content of the three data subsets. In the final step, the set of separate image patterns is recombined and displayed on a volumetric display device to form color volumetric 3D images.

Abstract: A method and a computer-readable medium are provided for generating an interface in a personal computer system. The method includes is playing a primary view of a three-dimensional environment from the egocentric perspective of a virtual person in the environment. A glancing function is then performed, which provides animated movement of the virtual person's head to reveal a three-dimensional tool space that is normally hidden from view. In one embodiment, the three-dimensional tool space moves with or is linked to the virtual person's body so that it travels through the environment with the virtual person's body. In other embodiments, the tool space is associated with an object in the three-dimensional environment.

Abstract: The preferred embodiment addresses the problem of delivering stereoscopic media in electronic form (images, videos, animations, object models, etc.). First, it provides a single format with independent right and left channels to represent the stereoscopic media. Second, it provides a means of displaying stereoscopic media inside a movable windowed area while eliminating pseudostereo conditions during movement. Third, it provides automatic and manual optimization adjustments (parallax shift adjustment, brightness control, color adjustment, and cross-talk reduction) to the stereoscopic media based on viewing hardware, monitor size, and media content for optimal viewing quality. Fourth, it provides seamless support for monoscopic (2D) viewing modes allowing delivery of said stereoscopic media in a normal 2D viewing mode.

Abstract: An augmented reality tool makes use of autocalibrated features for rendering annotations into images of a scene as a camera moves about relative to the scene. The autocalibrated features are used for positioning the annotations and for recovery of tracking, correspondences and camera pose. An improved method of autocalibration for autocalibrating structured sets of point features together is also described. The augmented reality tool makes use of manual, semi-automatic and automatic methods employing autocalibrated features.