Abstract: A color system discriminator is provided with a frequency detector, a vertical-synchronizing frequency detector, a plurality of color demodulators, a demodulating switch, and a controller. The type of the color system of a received signal is determined with reference not only to the burst lock frequency indicated in the tuner detection signal and the phase of the R-Y color difference signal of the image signal, but also to the frequency of the sound carrier signal and the vertical synchronizing frequency.

Abstract: A pixel-data processing circuit adapted to resize pixel data in a first vertically processing mode is reconfigurable to operate in a nonresizing mode, wherein each mode receives pixel data at a first pixel rate and outputs pixel data at a different pixel rate. In one particular example embodiment, pixels are received at two pixels per cycle and output to a storage unit at one pixel per cycle. In a first operational resizing mode, the embodiment includes vertically processing pixel data including polyphase filtering and line-buffering the pixel data, resizing the received pixel data by circulating the data in the line buffers and by filtering the circulated data for the polyphase filtering, and presenting resized pixel data for storage at the first pixel rate. In a second operational nonresizing mode, the pixel data is processed by double-line buffering the pixel data, bypassing the polyphase filtering, and presenting nonresized pixel data for storage at the rate of one pixel per cycle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that identifies the degree of correlation between a demodulated in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) signal that represents phase imbalance between the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) signal and corrects the imbalance.

Abstract: A simulated burst gate signal and a video synchronization key are generated. A video decoder generates a horizontal sync pulse which is programmed to envelop a color burst, thereby simulating a burst gate signal. The offset to the horizontal sync pulse due to simulating a burst gate signal may be compensated at a video memory subsystem receiving the horizontal sync signal, in order to determine when active pixels are provided by the video decoder. Alternatively, counter circuitry external to the video decoder may be used to generate a simulated burst gate signal by counting the number of pixel clock cycles between the horizontal sync pulse and the color burst. Unlike a burst gate signal generated within a video decoder for use with color separation circuitry in the video decoder, a simulated burst gate signal allows for use of color separation circuitry external to the video decoder. Detecting a color burst using external color separation circuitry is thus also disclosed.

Abstract: “An image processing system, in which bit shuffling is done in order to maintain image quality, stores digitized video data bits stream in a conventional memory, such as a DRAM. The image processing system is suitable for widely-used image compression standards that integrate various algorithms into a compression system, such as the standards specified in the Digital Video Standard (the DV-SD standard, or “Blue Book”). The image processing system receives a number of blocks associated with a first video frame and stores these blocks in the DRAM. The image processing system receives and stores blocks associated with a second video frame in the DRAM. The image processing system, processes the blocks of the first video frame while storing the blocks of the second video fame.

Abstract: The cost of a receiving unit is reduced by simplifying its structure and the receiving unit structure further reduces the unit from being influenced by noises and the like generated by the main body of the television receiver. A digital television signal receiving unit includes of a metallic case, a frequency conversion circuit housed in the metallic case for converting a frequency of a received digital television signal into an intermediate frequency signal or a base band signal and an OFDM signal processing circuit for processing either the intermediate frequency signal or the base band signal and outputting an MPEG bit stream signal. Operations of the frequency conversion circuit and the signal processing circuit are controlled by a control signal outputted from a control circuit arranged outside the metallic case.

Abstract: A video processing circuit for receiving a video signal from a tuner or a video recording/reproducing apparatus through a first or second input terminal and for outputting the video signal as it is through an output terminal under one condition and outputting a character signal from a signal source thereof instead of the video signal through the output terminal or outputting the video signal with the character signal superimposed thereon from the output terminal under the other condition. In the video processing circuit, among a plurality of circuits interposing from the first and second input terminals to the output terminal, only circuits related to the signal source of the character signal are formed in one integrated circuit (second integrated circuit) and the other circuits are formed in the other integrated circuit (first integrated circuit).

Abstract: A method for searching a predetermined satellite channel by making use of information available from the satellite. The method comprises three steps. The first step is searching for a service channel from the satellite, if found than the user look up table is updated with this information. A second step is updating the user look up table by using the receiver look up table, which is implemented in the satellite receiver. The third step is the conventionally search through the entire band till the predetermined channel is found.

Abstract: A polarizer integrated with a transparent conductive film for a liquid crystal display includes a lower film an optical film and a transparent conductive film. A touch panel integrated with the polarizer is formed by attaching an upper sheet to the upper surface of the polarizer integrated with a transparent conductive film. A flat panel display with an integral type touch panel includes a touch panel integrated with the flat panel display having a lower polarizer, a liquid crystal display and an upper polarizer.

Abstract: A display panel of the present invention includes: a first substrate and a second substrate opposing each other with a display medium interposed therebetween; a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines provided on the first substrate to cross each other and be insulated from each other; and a plurality of pixel electrodes each provided in a vicinity of an intersection between one of the plurality of signal lines and one of the plurality of scanning lines so as to be connected to the one of the plurality of signal lines and the one of the plurality of scanning lines via a switching element, while the plurality of pixel electrodes define a display region of the display panel. At least one of each of the plurality of signal lines and each of the plurality of scanning lines has a high resistance portion proximate an end thereof outside the display region. The high resistance portion is interposed at least partially between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A rain sensor includes an amplifier circuit that amplifies an output voltage from a photodiode and then provides this voltage signal to a CPU. The amplifier circuit conducts an offset amplification. The output voltage from the amplifier circuit is controlled to be at a predetermined level, for example, 3.0V, and the CPU detects rainfall based on the drop in the output voltage from the predetermined level, 3.0V. Then it becomes possible to improve sensor sensitivity, maintain a small sensor size, and a low manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A cover made of a light-transmissible material and adapted to cover a top surface of a light reflection pattern and an outside surface of a housing is attached on a frame-like plate, that is a part of a casing of a display product such as a cellular phone. Even if the frame-like plate is detached during or after the spread illuminating apparatus is mounted on the product, dusts or foreign materials are prevented from getting stuck to the light reflection pattern, or getting in the gap between the light conductive plate and the housing, or other component members are prevented from damaging the top surface of the light reflection pattern or the outside surface of the housing. These preventions or protections can be ensured by only one single cover, thereby simplifying the configuration of the apparatus.

Abstract: A flat lamp for emitting light to a surface area of a liquid crystal display device includes a bottom having a channel uniformly crossing an entire surface of the bottom, an arc-discharging gas is disposed within the channel, a cover disposed upon an upper junction surface of the bottom, the cover is coated with a fluorescent material, and an electric field generating means for generating an electric field, wherein the electric field generating means is placed along opposing lateral sides of the channel.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal display device is disclosed which is capable of securing sufficient luminance while achieving a high National Television System Committee (NTSC) ratio. Specifically, a liquid crystal display device is disclosed which includes a cold cathode fluorescent light tube as a light source, and a liquid crystal display panel for displaying images by controlling transmission of light from the cold cathode fluorescent light tube. The liquid crystal display panel includes a color filter substrate having color filter layers of red, green and blue, a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate, and a liquid crystal material filled between the TFT array substrate and the color filter substrate. The cold cathode fluorescent light tube is a tri-phospher fluorescent fluorescent light tube, which utilizes Zn2SiO4:Mn as a green phosphor.

Abstract: An achromatic half wave plate includes a first twisted nematic liquid crystal layer, a second twisted nematic liquid crystal layer, and a uniaxial half wave plate between the first twisted nematic liquid crystal layer and the second twisted nematic liquid crystal layer. In one embodiment the first twisted nematic liquid crystal layer and the second twisted nematic liquid crystal layer have an identical twist angle of 135 degrees. The optic axis at the entrance of the first twisted nematic liquid crystal layer is substantially orthogonal to the optic axis at the exit of the second twisted nematic liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a transflective liquid crystal display device which can be operated in a reflective mode and a transmissive mode, which performs high-contrast display especially in the transmissive mode. A liquid crystal display device is constructed such that the transmissive polarization axis of a lower polarizing layer is substantially orthogonal to that of a lower reflective polarizing layer, and the degree of polarization of the lower polarizing layer is greater than that of the lower reflective polarizing layer. With this structure, the liquid crystal display device has enhanced display brightness and achieves high-contrast display in the transmissive mode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a translucent reflection type electro-optic device that can increase a display light amount in both a reflection mode and a transmission mode, an electronic instrument therewith, and a method of fabricating the translucent reflection type electro-optic device. In a TFT array substrate of a reflection type electro-optic device, on a bottom layer side of a light reflection film, a concavity and convexity formation layer that forms a concavity and convexity pattern can be formed with a first photosensitive resin having a refractive index, n1, on a top layer of the concavity and convexity formation layer a top layer insulating film made of a second photosensitive resin having a refractive index, n2 (n1>n2), is formed, and at a position that overlaps with convexities of the concavity and convexity pattern, a light transmission window is formed.

Abstract: A reflective or transflective liquid crystal device employs an internal reflection system including reflecting electrodes serving as reflectors and provided on the side of a substrate, which contacts a liquid crystal, wherein the construction of the device and the manufacturing process therefor are simplified, and a bright high-quality image is displayed. In the reflective liquid crystal device, stripe reflecting electrodes, a transmissive insulating film having a single-layer structure and an alignment layer are provided on a first substrate. The refractive index of the transmissive insulating film is set to be lower than the refractive index of a liquid crystal and the refractive index of the alignment layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal display device that can reliably prevent light leakage in between dot display domains at boundaries to prevent decrease in contrast and to suppress color mixing. The invention can include semitransmissive reflective layer having a cholesteric liquid crystal layer is arranged in dot display domains, and a metal reflective layer is arranged in a BM domain separating the dot display domains. The metal reflective layer can alter the rotational direction of reflected circularly polarized light from that before reflection and the device can create high-contrast liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A reflective liquid crystal device comprises in sequence a linear polarizer, a retarder arrangement comprising two retarders, and a reflector. A first of the retarders provides a retardation of m&lgr;/2 and a second of the retarders provides a retardation of n&lgr;/4, where m is an integer and n is an odd integer, and wherein at least one of the first and second retarders comprises a Bistable Twisted Nematic (BTN) liquid crystal. This BTN retarder is switchable between a first state in which the retarder provides a retardation of m&lgr;/2 or n&lgr;/4 and a second state in which the retardation is zero.

Abstract: A display device, with a pair of substrates provided so as to face each other with a display medium interposed therebetween, includes, on a first substrate of the pair of substrates: switching elements disposed in a matrix; scanning lines and signal lines disposed so as to cross each other; and an interlayer insulating film provided so as to have the switching elements, the scanning lines and the signal lines on one surface thereof and pixel electrodes on the other surface thereof. Each of the pixel electrodes is electrically connected to a drain electrode of one of the switching elements via a contact hole which penetrates through the interlayer insulating film. The interlayer insulating film is made of an organic thin film having a high transparency and covers at least the switching elements, the scanning lines and the signal lines.

Abstract: An IPS-LCD having a compensation electrode structure. In each pixel area, at least two common electrodes extending in a first Y-direction and at least one pixel electrode extending in a second Y-direction are inter-digitated with each other. Also, at least two compensation electrodes extending in the Y-direction are patterned on the same plane with the pixel electrode, and overlap the two common electrodes, respectively. A first interval between the first compensation electrode and pixel electrode is equal to a second interval between the pixel electrode and the second compensation electrode.

Abstract: There is a liquid crystal display element capable of obtaining a good display performance which is not influenced by the deterioration with the time course and the history of applied voltage.

Abstract: A small,compact optical scanning system with small aperture size requirements, wide field-of-regard and minimal color dispersion characteristics. The inventive scanning system and method provides for optical beam steering over a broad spectral band and over a wide field-of-regard. The inventive system includes a novel device for receiving an input wavefront of electromagnetic energy along a first axis and refracting the wavefront as an output wavefront along a second axis. The device is a unique form of a liquid crystal array which can be electrically manipulated to change the effective refractive index of each pixel. The index of refraction of the device varies in response to an applied voltage. The voltage is supplied by a microprocessor and/or a servo-control system. By changing the index, the incident phase front can be steered at an angle with respect to the first axis and otherwise manipulated according to the index variant pattern induced in the array.

Abstract: A de-pellicle tool for removing a pellicle from a reticle during the formation of circuit patterns on substrates in the fabrication of integrated circuits. The de-pellicle tool of the present invention comprises a support frame on which is mounted the reticle and the pellicle supported on the reticle. A pair of handle-actuated lift pins on opposite sides of the support frame are extended into respective pin openings in the pellicle frame, after which the handles are pushed downwardly to raise the lift pins and lift the pellicle frame from the reticle. Accordingly, no moving parts contact the reticle during the pellicle-removing procedure, preventing scratching or other damage to the reticle.

Abstract: A print-order receiving apparatus is capable of receiving a customer's order for photographic prints through a recording medium electronically recording image data therein. The apparatus includes a box-like apparatus body, a slot formed in the apparatus body for attaching the recording medium and a reading driver unit for reading the image date from the recording medium as attached in the slot. The slot defines an aperture plane with its peripheral edges, the aperture plane being upwardly inclined.

Abstract: An exposure method, wherein a defocus quantity on the surface of a substrate to be exposed with respect to an image plane of a projection optical system is detected highly accurately even during exposing without lowering throughput much and focusing is made with an automatic focusing method. A first oblique-incident AF sensor including an illumination slit unit (54a) through an optical member (63a) and a second oblique-incident AF sensor including an illumination slit unit (54b) through an optical member (63b) are used to apply slit images (F1f, F2f) onto common measuring points and focus positions are measured respectively. One half of the difference between the two measured values is regarded as a drift and the drift is corrected for values measured by the AF sensors; the first or second AF sensor is then used to perform a focusing by the automatic focusing method.

Abstract: An image reader for optically reading an image on an original and an image sensor unit for mounting to the image reader. The image sensor unit is provided with a shaft used for rotatably mounting the image sensor unit to an image sensor unit holding member of the image reader. This reduces the size of the image reader.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes a condensing optical system for condensing light from a light source to a specified plane, an imaging optical system for imaging the light in the specified plane onto a reticle or a mask or near the reticle or mask, a projection optical system for projecting a pattern on the reticle or the mask onto an object to be exposed; and a beam splitting member that is provided between the condensing optical system and the specified plane, and generates a split beam, wherein 18.3°≦&thgr;≦36.4°, 1.0≦|B|≦2.5 and 0.16≦NA2≦0.23 are met where &thgr; is an angle formed between a splitting plane in the beam splitting member and a plane perpendicular to an optical axis, B is the magnification of the imaging optical system, and NA2 is a maximum numerical aperture on a light exit side of the imaging optical system.

Abstract: An air bearing stage device which is suitable for use with a vacuum environment is disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a stage apparatus includes a table that is positioned in a system vacuum chamber, a first rod that carries the table, and first and second plates that support the first rod. The first plate includes an air bearing surface that is held against the first side of a first wall by a first vacuum force. A first drive mechanism drives the first plate to move the first rod in a first direction, and also drives the second plate to move the first rod in the first direction, while a second drive mechanism which includes a second rod and a first linear motor causes the second rod to move the first rod in a second direction.

Abstract: A fast method simulates photolithography using conventional image processing techniques. Convolution simulates for blurring; erosion and dilation correct for edge diffraction. In one technique, the source image of the photomask is deconvolved to sharpen it and then dilated to remove edge diffraction. The image is eroded, and then convolved according to the resolution of the stepper at the photomask plane. This aerial image can be further eroded to match the effects of resist and developing. Optional thresholding is done to produce a simulated processed wafer image. In a fast technique, the deconvolution step is eliminated. Dilation and erosion are combined into a single erosion. Where a phase shift mask is involved, a complex convolution is used. Source data can come from the photomask electronic design or from a visual image of the actual photomask. Optimizations include: special microprocessor instructions, floating point pixel values, separable convolution and annular illumination simulation.

Abstract: A thermally curable material (including a conductive adhesive or solder) is formed on an electronic device support structure such as a die on a wafer or a printed wiring board (PWB). The support structure is placed on a heatable surface or placed in a process chamber having an infrared radiation (IR) mechanism. The thermally curable material is formed using a dispensing technique such as screen printing or pneumatic dispensing. To heat the curable material to a temperature sufficient to cure, the heatable surface can be heated or the IR mechanism can be activated. The heatable surface can be located in a screen printing machine.

Abstract: An electronic distance meter includes a sighting telescope having an objective lens for sighting an object; a reflection member provided behind the objective lens, wherein the reflection member is positioned so as to be eccentric with respect to an optical axis of the objective lens; and an optical distance meter which includes a light-transmitting optical system for transmitting a measuring light via the reflection member and the objective lens, and a light-receiving optical system for receiving a portion of the measuring light which is reflected by the object, subsequently passed through the objective lens, and not obstructed by the reflection member.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to obtain a coherent laser radar device that provides one system of a photo detector and eliminates a blind zone, including a pulsed laser that oscillates at a frequency which is identical with or close to an output light of a local light source as a single frequency; a transmission/reception optical system that irradiates a pulsed laser beam from the pulsed laser toward a target as a transmission light and receives a scattered light from the target as a reception light; a light coupling means that couples the output light from the local light source and the reception light; a photo detecting portion that conducts light coherent detection on a coupled light; and a signal processing device that calculates a speed and a distance of a target in accordance with an output of the detection, in which the photo detecting portion comprises: a photo detecting element that conducts the light coherent detection; a microwave switch that changes over a propagation path of an output from the ph

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for collecting data from a Laser Doppler Anemometer of the type including a probe mounted to a controllable traversing system. Velocity and position data is collected from the probe while it is continuously in motion, and displayed in real time. If at any point the data is of unacceptable quality, the data collection process is stopped, the probe is moved to a last known good position, and the data collection process is restarted.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for imaging multiple fluorescent sample particles in a flow channel. A flow channel defines a flow direction for samples in a flow stream and has a viewing plane perpendicular to the flow direction. A clear volume between the illuminated flow volume and the imaging optics is provided. A beam of illumination is formed as a column having a size effective to cover the viewing plane, and illuminates the flow nearly end on, or from the side. Imaging optics are arranged to view the focal plane to form an image of the multiple fluorescent sample particles in the flow stream. A camera records the image formed by the imaging optics. A computer detects and enumerates the particles in the flow.

Abstract: A method of testing optical fibers includes: providing at least two optical fibers; transmitting a light at a first end of the at least two optical fibers; measuring a light transmission time for each of the at least two optical fibers; determining a difference in the light transmission times for the at least two optical fibers; and determining whether the difference in light transmission times is above a predetermined value.

Abstract: A cassette for preparing an end face of an optical fiber includes a housing that defines a window, and a supply reel and a take up reel disposed within the housing. The cassette also has a preparatory tape, advancing between the supply reel and the take us reel, for preparing the end face of the optical fiber. In addition, the cassette includes means for directing the tape by the window defined by the housing such that the tape contacts and prepares the end face of the optical fiber.

Abstract: A service channel modem is adapted to determine optical properties of an optical fiber link connecting two nodes. The optical service channel (OSC) communicates an optical reference parameter over the fiber link. An optical parameter of the OSC transmitted over the fiber link is measured. By recovering the optical reference parameter from the OSC and using the measured optical parameter, certain optical properties may be determined including link loss, multi-path interference, and chromatic dispersion. When measuring chromatic dispersion, one of the fiber links serves as a synchronization reference and the other is the link being measured.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for analyzing an illumination field of a line of laser illumination. The system includes a first movable unit, a second movable unit, and a sensor unit. The first movable unit includes a first opening through which at least a portion of the illumination field may pass. The first movable unit is adapted for movement in a first direction. The sensor unit is adapted to receive illumination and to produce a sensor output signal representative a characteristic of the illumination field. The second movable unit includes a second opening through which at least a portion of the illumination field may pass. The second movable unit is positioned between the first movable unit and the sensor unit and is adapted for movement between at least a first position in which very little or no light from the illumination field may reach the sensor unit, and a second position in which a relatively high amount of light from the illumination field may reach the sensor unit.

Abstract: The invention enables more objective defect evaluation of ophthalmic lenses, especially contact lenses, to take place through the combination of the schlieren method with the transmitted light method, with the result that the advantages of these two different systems are combined. The schlieren method is in a position to illustrate the edge of a contact lens and its ruptures, in high contrast, for the CCD camera. Likewise, tears and surface defects can be made visible. Using the transmitted light method, the bubbles may be suitably prepared for the camera.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating the adhesion properties of a surface of an article by holding the article so that the surface is facing downwards and placing a droplet of liquid against the surface. The volume of the droplet is incremented until the droplet reaches a critical weight at which some of the liquid drops for the action of the gravity force. The higher is the critical weight, the stronger the mutual adhesion forces between the liquid and the surface. If the characteristics of the liquid are kept constant, it is possible to obtain an immediate evaluation of the adhesiveness of a surface by comparing the measured critical weight with experimental results.

Abstract: An efficient multi-emitter boresight reference source (12). The efficient reference source (12) includes a first mechanism (182) for transmitting a first portion of electromagnetic energy (184) within a first waveband. A second mechanism (186) transmits a second portion of electromagnetic energy (188) within a second waveband different than the first waveband. A third mechanism (148) for combining the first portion of electromagnetic energy and the second portion of electromagnetic energy to yield a uniform reference beam (28).

Abstract: An improved laser scanning apparatus (46) for determining frame or unibody alignment or misalignment of a vehicle (40) is provided, which includes a laser assembly (54), a pair of rotatable mirror assemblies (56,58) and laser detectors (114,116) located within an enclosed housing (50,52). The laser assembly (54) has an upper pair of lasers (122,126) located in known, spaced relationship above a lower pair of lasers (124,128); detector assemblies (114, 116) are also provided including substantially parabolic reflective surfaces (118a, 120a) with detectors (114a, 116a) disposed substantially at the focal point of the surfaces (118a, 120a). The apparatus (46) is used in conjunction with a plurality of individually coded reflective targets (44) which are suspended from known reference points on the vehicle (40).

Abstract: The invention relates to a simple and relatively inexpensive way of determining the optical bit rate of an optical signal, which is based on the fact that different percentages of the signal will be transmitted through a narrow-band optical filter depending on the bit rate. Increasing the bit rate of an optical signal results in a broadening of the channel spectrum, therefore, if the optical filter is designed with a passband thinner than all (or all but one) of the channel widths, then signals with different bit rates will have distinctive amounts of transmitted light relative to the amount of input light. In the preferred embodiment the optical signal is divided into two sub-beams by a beam splitter, and one of the sub-beams is passed through the optical filter. The power of filtered sub-beam is compared to the power of the unfiltered sub-beam to provide a ratio, which is compared to one or more predetermined values indicative of the bit rate.

Abstract: A system for inspecting a component, such as a die formed on a silicon wafer, is provided. The system includes a two dimensional inspection system that can locate one or more features, such as bump contacts on the die, and which can also generate feature coordinate data. The system also includes a three dimensional inspection system that is connected to the two dimensional inspection system, such as through an operating system of a processor. The three dimensional inspection system receives the feature coordinate data and generates inspection control data.

Abstract: A method for inspection of circuit boards is described which includes: a process of measuring surface-shape data of a circuit board on which inspection objects are placed; an approximated curved surface generation process for generating an approximated curved surface from the measured surface-shape data, which is an estimated surface-shape of the circuit board, on which no inspection object is placed; a process of subtracting said approximated curved surface from the measured surface-shape data; a region of interest determination process of determining regions which are different from the approximated curved surface in accordance with data obtained by said subtraction process; and a process of inspecting whether electronic parts placed on said circuit board and connecting materials for connecting the electronic parts are in a desired state or not.

Abstract: Pathogenic microorganisms are detected and classified by spectral imaging of the Raman light scattered by the organisms.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method for enhancing the system response of a photodetector array based spectrometer. For a spectrometer with a given system response curve, secondary light sources are provided to improve the system response in the spectral ranges where the dynamic range is less than at the peak of the curve. In one embodiment, multiple light sources can be combined by means of multiple branches of fibre optic bundles. The secondary light sources may be used in combination with suitable shaping filters and/or masks to further flatten the system response.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a spectrometer module comprising an input, for receiving an incoming optical signal, a variable differential group delay (DGD) element, for applying a variable birefringence retardation to said incoming optical signal, and a detector unit for detecting the power of a signal exiting said variable DGD element, having a defined state of polarization. It also relates to a monitor module, a monitoring unit and a monitoring system, comprising such a spectrometer module for use in monitoring an optical network. Further, the invention relates to a spectrometer device, for spectrometry purposes, comprising a spectrometer module as stated above.