Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring the operation of a heating element moving periodically along a predefined path includes first and second sensors positioned adjacent the path of the heating element. The first sensor is configured to sense the presence of the heating element proximate to the second sensor, and the second sensor is configured to sense a temperature associated with the heating element as is passes by the second sensor. A controller receives signals from the first and second sensors and performs a control function such as indicating when the temperature sensed by the second sensor fall outside a predetermined range.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heating assembly comprising at least one PTC element, in particular for a motor vehicle. According to the invention, the PTC element (2) is positioned between metal sheets (3, 4), which are used to make electrical contact, said sheets (3, 4) and the PTC element (2) are bonded by means of an adhesive (5) and the adhesive (5) has a minimum specific electrical resistance of 50 ohms×cm and a maximum specific electrical resistance of 500 ohms×cm. In addition, solder can be used as an alternative to the adhesive (5).

Abstract: The present invention concerns an electrical coupling bar (1) including: an electrically insulating support (1a) exhibiting two parallel grooves (2), a metallic strip (3) engaged in each groove (2), the metallic strips (3) projecting out of the grooves and exhibiting interior faces (3a) opposite one another, delimiting between them a free engagement space (4), and protecting means covering the other faces (3b, 3c, 3d) of the metallic strips (3).

Abstract: An industrial oven with tunnel for the baking of pizza or similar alimentary products is shown, made up of a bearing structure (10) in refractory material comprising an inlet mouth (40) and one of outlet (41) connected by a passing through tunnel (4) along which a baking surface (5) supporting pizza or similar alimentary products slides. Said oven is heated with firewood and it comprises slits (22, 24) for the passage of primary air for the combustion of the firewood and air for the oxidation of the excess smoke, said primary and secondary air being moved by fans (50) controlled by a control unit which processes data on the composition of the air detected inside the oven by sensors (26), a top combustion chamber (15) housing top furnaces (17) made up of top grates (18) supporting combustible firewood and a bottom combustion chamber (16) housing bottom furnaces (30) made up of bottom grates (31) supporting combustible firewood.

Abstract: A method for controlling a cooking process in the cooking chamber of a cooking device according to the point of condensation inside the cooking device includes introducing at least one cooking item and at least one accessory such as a gastronomic container, a plate, tin plate, a support, a suspended ladder, a kiln tray and/or kiln tray cart and/or at least one reference body into the cooking chamber; at least partially determining during the cooking process at least one climate parameter, especially one relating to temperature and moisture, in the cooking area, or on the cooking item, or on the accessory or on the reference body; determining the actual extent by which the point of condensation is exceeded or is not achieved on the cooking item, accessory and/or reference body; and adapting the climate parameter in the cooking chamber during the cooking process according to the extent by which the point of condensation is exceeded or not achieved such that the climate inside the cooking chamber, especially the

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for heating liquids, comprising: a liquid container, at least one electrical heating element connected to the liquid container for heating liquid received in the liquid container, at least one boiling sensor connected to, the inner side of the liquid container for detecting a boiling temperature in a part of the liquid container located above the liquid, at least one overheating sensor thermally connected to the heating element, and an electrical circuit in which the heating element, the boiling sensor and the overheating sensor are received such that a power supply to the heating element can be interrupted by the boiling sensor and the overheating sensor.

Abstract: A fuel-based tool includes a shell, a switch installed on the shell, a sensing device provided in the shell so as to detect at least one factor related to the operation of the fuel-based tool and a display installed on the shell and connected to the sensing device so as to show the factor.

Abstract: A system and method is presented for a fail-safe sensor for an HVAC system. The sensor comprises a temperature detector operable to measure a temperature of a component or a medium present at the sensor, a PTC heater operable to heat the sensor to a self-regulating temperature, the heater comprising a resistive element having an electrical impedance which increases with increasing temperature in accordance with a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and a sensor housing comprising the PTC heater and the temperature detector provided within a single housing. An algorithm is provided for HVAC systems, wherein the sensor is heated to the self-regulating temperature by the PTC heater and is then measured by the temperature detector to confirm that the temperature detector is operating properly. Further, the sensor may be allowed to cool to a temperature of the surrounding medium or the component for sensing the temperature thereof.

Abstract: An electric cooking assembly includes a cooking surface having supported under the surface an electric heater incorporating an electric heating element and a temperature limiter including a thermally responsive assembly incorporating only a single switch, the switch being adapted to open at a predetermined sensed temperature. A control is provided, adapted to energise the electric heater from a power supply through the switch of the temperature limiter. A modular electronic monitoring device is provided, separate from the control, adapted to monitor energising of the electric heater and to activate a signal device when the cooking surface is too hot to touch.

Abstract: Various present invention devices enable adherence to requirements for medical items. A medical item of the present invention includes a monitoring or data recording device to monitor and/or record medical solution conditions. The device may further include indicators to indicate compliance of the medical solution with prescribed requirements (e.g., manufacturer, medical standard or regulation, etc.). The medical item may alternatively include a barcode or transponder to uniquely identify the medical item to a thermal treatment system measuring and storing conditions in a central database. The present invention further includes various thermal treatment systems that monitor medical items for prescribed requirements and display the monitored parameters to medical personnel. In addition, the present invention may place time stamp information on medical items to enable determination by medical personnel of compliance with prescribed requirements.

Abstract: Oven control system, including a display screen, a data input means and a calculation unit able to send instructions to the display screen and to receive instructions from the data input means, the said calculation unit including a means for grading cooking programs at least as a function of a first criterion of family of products to be cooked, of product to be cooked within a family, or of recipe or of method of cooking, and a means for adjusting the cooking program according to at least one second internal final criterion and one third external final criterion, the display screen being able to simultaneously display the selected values of the said criteria or the values of the said criteria currently being selected by a user, with a zone for displaying the values of the second and third criteria and which is designed to also display unselected values of the said criteria in such a way that the selected values can be read graphically, the said display zone being able to display a window adapted to each type

Abstract: A heating element device comprises a bundle of micron conductive fiber. Each micron conductive fiber has a diameter of typically not greater than 20 microns. The bundle is operative to conduct electrical current from a first end to a second end of the bundle. An electrical insulating material may surround the bundle. The bundle may be held near, or contacting, a thermal spreading structure. The fiber may be metal or metal plated onto metal core or non-metal core. The fiber may be ferromagnetic. Superconductor metals may also be used as micron conductive fibers and/or as metal plating onto fibers in the present invention.

Abstract: Methods of assembling a high heat transfer and tailored heat transfer layered heater systems are provided. One method includes a step of pressing one of a target part and a layered heater into the other one of the target part and the layered heater to create an interference fit between the layered heater and the target part. When the target part is disposed within the layered heater, the layered heater includes a substrate defining an inner periphery less than or equal to an outer periphery of the target part. When the layered heater is disposed within the target part, the layered heater includes a substrate defining an outer periphery larger than or equal to an inner periphery of the target.

Abstract: A hot runner nozzle heater system is provided with a layered heater in communication with a two-wire controller, wherein a resistive layer of the layered heater is both a heater element and a temperature sensor. The two-wire controller thus determines temperature of the layered heater using the resistance of the resistive layer and controls heater temperature through a power source.

Abstract: A multiple layer clad article of cookware has an upper rim wherein the inner and outer layers of the cladding, generally stainless steel, are joined together by a weld that covers and protects the one or more inner layers. The inner layers are alternatively at least one of copper and aluminum, or combinations of the same.

Abstract: In an induction heating coil for heating a shaft member having multiple steps, annular conductors are separately disposed in the axis direction, the annular conductors having inner diameters so as to form predetermined gaps with outer peripheries of heating portions of the shaft member, the lengths of annular conductors 1, 2, and 3 are set so that the areas of the respective heating portions are approximately equal to each other, and the annular conductors are connected to each other in series, so that the respective step shaft portions of the shaft member are uniformly heated. The annular conductors described above may be formed to have shapes in conformity with the shapes of the heating portions of the shaft member and may be formed to have a step shape corresponding to steps of the shaft member having different outer diameters.

Abstract: A heating current used to inductively heat a metallic or magnetic work-piece is generated by an inverter supplied by a supply voltage. The inverter includes four switching elements arranged in an H-bridge circuit having two parallel longitudinal branches and a transverse branch. The switches are controlled so the heating current flows through the transverse branch. The diagonally opposed switching elements are switched from a conductive to a non-conductive state in a temporally staggered manner.

Abstract: A heater system and related methods of heating a surface are provided by the present disclosure that includes, in one form, a substrate defining a heating surface and a layered heater formed on the heating surface. A plurality of nodes are disposed along the heating surface and are in electrical contact with a resistive heating layer of the layered heater, along with a plurality of lead wires connected to the plurality of nodes. In one form, a multiplexer is in communication with the plurality of nodes through the plurality of lead wires, and a controller is in communication with the multiplexer, wherein the multiplexer sequences and transmits resistances from the plurality of nodes to the controller, and the controller controls an amount of power provided to each of the plurality of nodes based on the differences in resistances between the nodes.

Abstract: A fixing structure disposed in an electronic apparatus includes at least a display panel and a front casing. The fixing structure includes a joining component and an engaging component. The joining component is disposed on the front casing, and the engaging component is for movably engaging with the joining component. When the engaging component engages with the joining component, the engaging component presses the display panel such that the display panel is tightly attached to the front casing.

Abstract: A packaging device includes a bottom base with legs; a front member detachable to the bottom base to form a front wall; a rear member to form a rear wall; two side members to form left and right side walls; a buffer member arranged on the bottom base and formed of a plurality of airtight containers in which gas is filled; and a mounting base on which an article is mounted. The front member is formed turnably with a bottom end thereof being put adjacent to the bottom base, to be used as a tilted table for loading and unloading the article, including an angle regulating member that restricts a tilt angle of the front member with respect to the bottom base.

Abstract: A single use one-way intermodal cargo container is disclosed which after a single use can be dismantled and its parts disposed by sale, recycling, or scrapping. The appearance of the container of the present invention and its dimensions can be typical of intermodal cargo containers configured as a high-cube, open-top, half-high platform, open side, or standard general cargo container. The interior and exterior of the container are made of metal, synthetic material, wood or canvas, and the exterior can maintain its value as saleable materials, and is constructed to accommodate the dismantling process. Both the front and back ends of the container can be separated from the longitudinal main frame, and the cost of special construction and dismantling will be offset by sale of the parts thereof.

Abstract: A prepackaged food container system comprising a larger first container that is releaseably attached to a smaller second container is described. The first container may be used to contain food product such as vegetable, fruit or bakery items, and the second container used to hold a matching condiment. The second container is releaseably attached to the lid of the first container and may be placed on the outside or inside of the first container as desired by the food packager and/or consumer. Attaching the containers together is achieved using commonly known snap-fit mechanisms that may be continuous grooves or ribs on the periphery of the side wall; alternatively, the snap-fit mechanism may be cantilever-type. The food product contents of both containers may be mixed in the larger first container and consumed directly from said first container. Plastic food containers with lids allows for sealing, release and re-sealing multiple times without deterioration in reliability.

Abstract: A built-up container includes a base, a front and rear side plates, a right and left side plates and a lifted upper cover. The base provides threaded holes and the side plates provide through holes and threaded holes so that the container can be built up with bolts engaging with the threaded holes. It is characterized in that no holes and no bolts expose outside the container with reinforced strength such that integrity and smoothness of the container can be obtained and the fasteners inside the container are free from water and unable to hurt foreign objects. In addition, the container is capable of being set up fast easily to enhance facility of assembling job.

Abstract: An improved structure object placement box, in terms of structural design, the present invention consists of a frame base and a frame plate that are insertionally conjoined, furthermore, recessed slots and protruding points aligned with the matching insertion tabs and the insertion slots are disposed in the four side panels constituting the structural arrangement of each object placement box, the recessed slots and the protruding points utilized for assembly to adjacent object placement boxes or insertional conjoinment to the insertion tabs and insertion slots of adjacent object placement boxes to stack or assemble them into different utilization states, thereby accommodating individual creativity for a range of interchangeable assembly, including the assembly of frame bases and frame plates of different colors to provide for various visual variations in color. As such, the present invention increases object placement box versatility and applications to achieve optimal industrial practical value and utility.

Abstract: A fire and heat resistant storage unit for housing electronic media includes a core body portion of heat resistant material surrounded by an outer shell. An opening in a bottom wall of the outer shell allows a user access to a housing unit that is placed in the core body portion. A locking cap seals off the opening in the outer shell and a handle attached to the outer shell aids a user in flipping the storage unit from an access position in which a user can access the housing, to a storage or in-use position in which the bottom wall is directly adjacent a relatively planar support surface. Such a configuration significantly increases the fire and heat resistance of the storage unit and allows electronic media to be stored safely without being damaged.

Abstract: An article for sealing the contents of a container, the article comprising a member adapted for sealing the container, where the member includes a thermoplastic vulcanizate including a dynamically cured butyl rubber, a thermoplastic polyurethane having a glass transition temperature of less than about 60° C., and a synthetic oil.

Abstract: A disposable food container for a vehicle cup is constructed from a single sheet of cardboard, paper or some other foldable material. The container includes a base portion sized to engage the cup holder of a vehicle in a removable fashion and a holder portion connected to the base portion. The holder portion defines a cavity adapted to receive food items.

Abstract: A welding joint for a fuel tank includes a cylindrical portion and an annular weld portion. The weld portion has a multi-layer structure formed by layering an inner layer member made of a resin alloy material obtained by alloying a modified HDPE, to which a functional group having a high affinity to a hydroxyl group of EVOH is introduced, and EVOH, or by alloying the modified HDPE, normal HDPE and EVOH, and an outer layer member which uses the HDPE resin and/or modified HDPE resin and has high weldability to the fuel tank. Each of the inner and outer layer members is heat-welded to the fuel tank at a corresponding welding end surface. In a vicinity of at least one of the welding end surfaces of the inner outer layer members, a flow preventing portion that prevent a molten part of the inner layer member from flowing the outer layer member is provided.

Abstract: A deposit with similar functions to those of a cask for fermenting, aging or storing wine includes a metal structure preferably of stainless steel and a generally polyhedral configuration, forming at least the edges and vertices of the deposit, wooden side walls invariably joined to thr structure, a metal bottom welded with an inclination towards the front, where it has an emptying tap and/or decanting tap, and a metal or wooden, fixed or removable upper cover, including a wide opening provided with a sealed closure.

Abstract: A multi-functional child care storage includes a warming-in-water compartment for having an infant food or product therein double boiled or kept warm. The warming-in-water compartment includes an outer case inserted in the warming-in-water compartment, having a top opening and a bottom hole respectively formed at a top and a bottom thereof; a heat transferring body exposed to an inside of the outer case through the bottom hole; a heater located beneath the heat transferring body to supply heat thereto; a heater supporter for fixing the heater and the heat transferring body to a lower portion of the outer case in a manner that the heater is interposed between the heater transferring member and the heater supporter; and a thermally conductive inner case, inserted in the outer case and capable of being taken out through the top opening.

Abstract: A container comprising a sidewall and an inner liner. The inner liner includes an intermediate portion affixed to the sidewall about a periphery of the intermediate portion. The sidewall includes a vent disposed within the periphery of the intermediate portion. The intermediate portion is adapted to separate from the sidewall such that ambient air flows through the vent to form an air pocket between the intermediate portion of the inner liner and the sidewall.

Abstract: An apparatus for enhancing the temperature stabilization of a cooler comprises a composite material being formed from a predetermined material. Such composite material includes a bottom panel sized to fit under a bottom portion of such cooler. A generally rectangular back panel is sized to fit over a back wall of such cooler. A substantially rectangular top panel is sized to fit over a top portion of such cooler. Such apparatus has a generally rectangular front panel sized to fit over a front wall of such cooler and a pair of side panels engageable with the back panel and the front panel. A flap member is integrally formed with the top member and is releasingly engageable with the front panel and there is a means for securing the flap member to the front panel when the apparatus is in a closed position.

Abstract: A cup with a cap provided with a grip includes a cup body, a cap threadably engaged and closed on the cup body, a grip formed on an upper surface of the cap, and a flexible sucking tube inserted through a hole formed at one end of the grip and extends deep enough in the interior of the cup body for sucking the content filled therein. When a user wants to drink the content in the cup body, the person can suck through the mouth end of the sucking tube, and if the sucking tube is not to used, the mouth end is inserted in the insert hole of the grip to let the cup body with the cap and the sucking tube carried manually by holding the grip, keeping the cup body with cap and the sucking tube in a hygienic condition.

Abstract: Provided as a drug dispensing system comprising a cabinet and at least one cartridge. A cabinet has opposing door portions which are hingedly attached to one another and which are configured to be closable against one another such as via a lock member. Each one of the door portions includes at least one shelf which defines a shelf depth and which has an upwardly turned lip extending along the length of the shelf. The cartridge has a cartridge depth that is sized to be complementary to the shelf depth such that the cartridge may be retained by the lip when the cartridge is stored on the shelf. Each one of the cartridges is configured to store a plurality of vials. A punch-out is disposed in a lower end of the cartridge and through which the vials may be dispensed from the cartridge.

Abstract: A container for dispensing selected portions of a web material and a method of making such a container. The container is arranged to contain the web material and has an opening through which the web material can be led out of the container. A track is positioned such that web material led out of the container through the opening can be laid across the track. A cutter is capable of sliding along the track and of cutting web material laid across the track. At least in a packaged configuration for shipping, the track and cutter do not extend beyond an outline of the container.

Abstract: A container for one-handed pop-up dispensing plural wiping sheets. The container comprises a housing having a hollow interior in which an array of wiping sheets is disposed. The housing includes an aesthetically pleasing opening whose perimeter defines a non-regular shaped icon representing a realistic, fanciful or otherwise ornamental object. The opening has a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is of sufficient size and shape to enable an adult to extend his/her fingers therethrough to grasp one sheet of the array to pull the sheet into it and then slide the sheet into the second portion. The second portion frictionally engage the sheet slid into it to cause that sheet to be separated from the remaining sheets in the array to remove that sheet from the container.

Abstract: The system includes a bin hopper which temporarily stores a plurality of small elements, such as medications. The elements are moved out of the bin and singulated into a one-by-one sequence by a series of singulating conveyors. The resulting sequence of elements is moved onto a main system conveyor where the element is identified and then moved to a loading mechanism which arranges the item so it is ready to be gripped and stored. The system includes a mass storage apparatus comprising a series of four upstanding cylindrical drums, each having a plurality of individually accessible and addressable cell storage locations for the elements. A gripping apparatus removes the elements from the loading mechanism and transfers them to a selected location in a cylindrical drum. When an article is to be dispensed, the drum is rotated so that an ejection arm comes adjacent the desired location in the drum.

Abstract: A tablet dispenser has a tablet container within a housing. The container is slidably mounted to-and-fro, a part of the container being accessible so it can be moved from a rest position to a tablet-distribution position against the action of a spring. The container has a tablet-distribution channel that in the tablet-distributing position protrudes from one side of the housing. A bottom of the tablet container is delimited by a spring-forming inclinable transverse member movably or resiliently connected at one end with the container and at the other end to the housing. When the container is moved to the tablet-distributing position, the member is displaced inside the container to shake the tablets and form an inclined bottom leading to the tablet-distribution channel, thereby improving tablet dispensing reliability.

Abstract: A system for dispensing items comprising a base and at least one wheel rotatably coupled to the base. There is also at least one actuator slidably disposed the wheel. This actuator is for retaining the item to be dispensed from the system. There is also at least one optical recognition system disposed adjacent to the wheel. This optical recognition system is for identifying at least one characteristic of the item to be dispensed to selectively actuate the actuator to dispense the item to be dispensed. The optical recognition system can be in the form of a camera or an electric eye to recognize a visual feature of an item to be dispensed such as a tablet or a pill.

Abstract: A carton with an improved dispenser at one of the carton which preserves the integrity of the carton when the carton is opened by permitting a bottom end flap attached to the bottom panel to remain in place and also a portion of each side end flap that is adjacent to the bottom end flap. This dispenser may also provide a safety net for the first container that is automatically dispensed when the carton is opened.

Abstract: A cap member that can be threadably engaged with a conventional soap bottle contains a battery-powered PIR motion detector and a motor responsive to the detector to dispense soap when a hand is sensed nearby.

Abstract: A toy fencing sword that is adapted to also fire its blade tip as a missile and to squirt water. The sword includes an internal piston activated by pulling and pushing the sword's handle to either fire the sword's tip as a missile or to inhale water and squirt it in a powerful stream. The sword is comprised of soft and buoyant materials which make it safe and painless during play and also make it ideally adapted for use in and around water, such as at a swimming pool.

Abstract: A hand-held icing dispenser for use by a person in decorating a cake with icing dispensed through an icing tip, comprising a dispensing nozzle constructed of an integrally formed cylindrical base section with a threaded exterior surface, an integral intermediate offset funnel section extending from said cylindrical base section and a tubular dispensing section extending from said funnel section positioned angularly from the center axis of the cylindrical base section. The tubular dispensing section has an external threaded portion at its distal end and a ring member is mounted on a threaded portion of the cylindrical base section to hold a flexible bag secured on the cylindrical base section. A decorator tip is removably mounted on said the tubular dispensing section.

Abstract: A beverage machine comprising a drip tray device that can accommodate recipients of different heights. The drip tray device is formed of a collect tank and has a first drip support grid removably mounted on the tank for holding short recipients and has a second drip support for longer recipients such as a glass. The whole device is removable for ease of emptying and rinsing. In a possible mode, the first removable grid is provided with a gutter to evacuate liquid in a main collect reservoir.

Abstract: The invention relates to a supply container comprising a multi-compartment receiving container which is sealed by a sealing cap. The sealing cap seals at least two openings respectively formed by nozzles of the multi-compartment receiving container and is connected to the receiving container in a sealed state in a friction-tight and/or positive locking fit. A sealing area on the cap is associated with each opening and in a sealed state the associated sealing area rests on the lip of the corresponding opening in a sealing manner. In a sealed state, the sealing cap assumes a precisely determined sealing position on the receiving container, wherein the sealing areas rest on the lips and a small axial pressing force is exerted.

Abstract: A dispenser for metered dosing of cream-based medicines comprising a barrel, a base having a threaded rod extending therefrom, a riser having at least one flexible seal which engages the barrel, an applicator cap having apertures therein for spreading dispensed cream onto a user's skin. The user positively knows when a metered amount of cream has been dispensed by tactile and audible feedback.

Abstract: Mixing and dispensing apparatus and methods for use with, e.g., a multi-component reactive material process is disclosed. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a series of positive displacement pumps adapted for stacked or “piggy-back” mating to a common motive source. At least one of the pumps is supplied by a sealed and collapsible reservoir bag and flexible tubing, thereby allowing removal (and optionally disposal) of one or more complete material pathways within the system. Such a configuration allows for, inter alia, rapid colorant changing with minimal material waste, obviates the use of hazardous solvents, and increases process efficiency and worker productivity. This arrangement also obviates complex metering apparatus common to prior art systems, thereby allowing it to be as small and power/cost efficient as possible.

Abstract: A spray applicator consisting of a top adapter 5 and a bottom cover 7, wherein the adapter 5, which can be placed on the cover 7, has a spray pump 2 with an uptake tube 4 and a connection element 11 for an opening 13 of a bottle 6. The adapter 5 has at least two opposing first snap-in elements 15 on a lower end 34, wherein the cover 7 is designed as a cup 18 and has a receiving support 35 for the bottle 6. The cover 7 has a notch 19 coming from an upper edge 30 of the cover 7 on two opposing sides 23 with each notch being designed as a window 24, wherein there is an opposing wall 28 offset at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to both windows 24 with each wall having an upper second snap-in element 16. The first and the second snap-in elements 15, 16 jointly effect a reclosable snap connection 14,wherein external manual pressure p applied to both walls 28 in the upper area will loosen the snap connection 14 (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A dosing dispenser to be incorporated to water dispensers with the purpose of providing powdered material that, when mixed with water, is used for human consumption. Said dosing dispenser comprises at least one dispensing unit affixed to one lateral wall (6) of the water dispenser's structure (A) and consists of a receiving ring (13) for the powdered material container, which is placed and fixed in an inverted position, facing a powdered material feeding duct (16), wherein a valvular closing means is inserted and mounted on an induced arm (18) through the gib (26) that runs through the wall of the duct. Said duct is associated in one end by an expansion spring (25) to the control arm (23), which carries the stirring pin (19) plunging inside the container. The control arm in its other end is associated with a manual control knob (7) operated by the user. The receiving ring (13) is cylindrical and has an internal screw thread cooperating with the threaded bead of the powdered material container.

Abstract: A container or vial (1) for a fluid, the container (1) comprising a casing defining an interior for storage of the fluid and a closure member (2). The closure member (2) comprises a body and at least one resilient projection (7) to seal in a storage condition an outlet of the casing, wherein upon an increase in the pressure of the interior of the container (1) the at least one resilient projection (7) is deflected to accommodate outflow of fluid through the outlet. The pressure in the interior of the container (1) may be increased by displacing the closure member (2) into the container (1) or by displacing some other element such as a bung (61, 82) into the container (1). The container (1) and closure member (2) may be used in a dispenser (90) and the closure element may be used in a valve (110).