Abstract: Methods are provided where: a signal is transmitted from an illuminating source and received cavity waveguides disposed on an object; a position and/or orientation of the object is determined based on the signal received in the waveguides; and data representing the determined position and/or orientation is transmitted to a remote location or generated for use in the object. The illuminating source can also be moved to indicate a change in a predetermined trajectory or target position where a new position and/or orientation of the object is determined based on the signal received in the waveguides and the object is controlled to change the predetermined trajectory or target position to the indicated new predetermined trajectory or new target position. A change can also be detected in the predetermined trajectory or target position and the object controlled to correct the change.

Abstract: A method for damping vibrations in a tail boom of a rotary-wing aircraft includes the steps of detecting tail boom vibrations induced by external vibration excitation, and generating and introducing strains into the tail boom based on the detected tail boom vibrations. The strains are applied over a surface area and are out-of-phase with respect to the detected tail boom vibrations so as to damp the externally excited induced tail boom vibrations. In addition, a rotary-wing aircraft, includes a fuselage, a cockpit area integrated into the fuselage, a tail boom arranged on the fuselage and a tail boom vibration-damping device.

Abstract: A new type of vacuum balloon. A layered wall structure is used, including a relatively thick honeycombed section sandwiched between and bonded to two relatively thin layers. This layered wall design is used to form a thin-walled sphere having greatly enhanced resistance to buckling. Using this approach it is possible, with existing materials, to create a rigid vacuum balloon having positive buoyancy.

Abstract: An airship ballast system includes an engine driven propeller and a cooling tube that is positioned coplanar with the propeller and outside its tip path. One end of the cooling tube is connected to receive exhaust gases from the engine while the other end is connected to a ballast tank. In operation, exhaust gases from the engine are cooled as they transit the cooling tube, and water condensed from the cooled exhaust gases is pumped to the ballast tank to maintain a ballast for the airship.

Abstract: The invention relates to aircraft equipment, namely to means for cargo disposition in an aircraft and for jettison thereof without parachuting. The inventive device comprises pallets arranged in the cargo section of the aircraft means for fixing cargo on the pallets and for fixing pallets prior to the jettison position thereof. Each cargo fixing means is embodied in the form of two clamp strips embracing the cargo packages (sacks or nets) stacked on the pallet on a vertical plane and on a parallel direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. Said strips are separate from each other and from the pallet with lower part thereof and connected to each other on the top of the cargo by means of a transverse draft. Said pallets are placed along the longitudinal axis of the aircraft in guides and are displaceable by gravity and/or inertia to the jettison position thereof.

Abstract: A kite winch allows a kite to be pulled-down from a high-elevation with reduced effort. The kite winch includes first and second sprockets coupled by a chain. The second sprocket has a larger diameter than the first sprocket. A spool for retaining kite string may be coupled with the second sprocket. A handle may be coupled with the first sprocket. When the handle is turned, the first sprocket engages the chain which in turn engages the second sprocket thereby turning the spool pulling-down the kite. An internal ratcheting mechanism within the first sprocket may selectively allow rotation of the first sprocket in one direction. A locking pin may selectively lock the second sprocket wheel to hold the string at a constant length. One or more adjustable chain tensioners may reduce slack in the chain by exerting at least a slight pressure on the chain.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device kite-like in nature which allows the user to ride within the kite and control its flight from within, rather than being a ground-based operator. Principle use of the invention is as a recreational device. The pilot/occupant is able to control pitch and yaw of the craft through conventional aircraft-like means and/or novel methods, and is also able to control winding and unwinding of the kite's tether from the cockpit. The device can be used stationary when there exists sufficient wind, in the manner of a kite, or the device may be towed by a ground-based vehicle (auto or boat) in the manner of a parasail.

Abstract: A model train accessory controller is connectable to a DC power pack having a throttle to apply a power signal to a set of train tracks. The controller includes a switching device, which is in electrical communication with the power pack and the train tracks, to reverse a polarity of the power signal on the train tracks. The controller includes an input, and a processor in electrical communication with the switching device. The processor receives a command from the input to produce, by control of the switching device, a digital command having a series of sequential reversals in the polarity of the power signal.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting the presence of wheels of a rail vehicle is disclosed. The sensor comprises first and second Hall Effect devices, a magnet for supplying a magnetic field to the first and second Hall Effect devices, means for mounting the first and second Hall Effect devices and the magnet adjacent to the rail, whereby a railway vehicle wheel changes the magnetic field in the Hall Effect devices to produce wheel indication signals, and a processing circuit for receiving the wheel indication signals from the first and second Hall Effect devices and for producing an output signal in response to the wheel indication signals. A method of detecting the presence of a wheel is also provided.

Abstract: A crossing frog includes: a cradle assembly which includes a movable point fitting component which has two projection elements which are mutually spaced-apart, a movable point which is mounted in the cradle assembly and fitted in the fitting component, spacer components which are interposed between the projection elements and the movable point, and accommodation for removably fixing the movable point in the fitting component. The spacer components are fixed to the projection elements in a removable manner by the accommodation for removable fixing so that it is possible to remove the point in a vertical direction relative to the cradle assembly.

Abstract: A pipe holder comprises a handle and a slant piece. The slant piece includes a handle attachment point, a mouth, and a support point. A centerline runs through the mouth and support point. The handle attachment point resides between the mouth and support point, and is configured to point the handle approximately orthogonal to the slant piece centerline. The mouth is sized and shaped to urge a pipe to reside in the mouth substantially orthogonal to the handle and at an angle other than 90 degrees from a plane of the slant piece. When an inserted end of the pipe is inserted through the mouth, a three point stance is formed by the support point, an opposite end of the pipe, and a support end of the handle. The inserted end of the pipe is thereby supported above the ground. The pipe holder is stabilized by stepping on the handle.

Abstract: An assembly comprising a clipping bracket mounting a first component to a second component, the second component having an array of fixings, the bracket comprises a first leg attached at one end to one of the fixings; the bracket further comprises a clipping member extending from the second end and partly defined by two fingers engaging around, but not under, either side of an adjacent fixing.

Abstract: A flexible trash can frame for environmental protection mainly comprises a base, in which a slot is formed at a back side of the base of which an underside is provided with a concave and pivots are provided respectively at top ends of two sides of the base; two pivoting parts are located respectively at two sides behind cover board of which an underside has a buckle buckled to the concave of base; a chute is provided in the guide seat, inside which a flexible belt is accommodated, the guide seat is inserted in the slot of base; after the guide seat is inserted, an insert hole is formed; thus, a front end of the flexible belt is pierced out of the chute and moved round to the insert hole of another side to temporarily wedge into, thereby the flexible trash can frame according to this invention being formed.

Abstract: A infant nursing bottle restrainer preventing a nursing bottle from falling on the floor or ground, having an elastic O-ring which can be stretched around the bottle and been able to recover and fit to a thinner part of the bottle. The restrainer has an integrally formed cord having a first end attached to the elastic O-ring and a second end which can be attached to a secure holding means. In a molding process the elastic O-ring and the cord are joined integrally and uniformly together.

Abstract: A computer keyboard wrist pad is comprised of right and left ulnar support surfaces, and right and left wrist support surfaces respectively angled up from the inner sides of the ulnar support surfaces. The wrist support surfaces are angled toward each other in a bottom-to-top direction, and also angled toward each other in a front-to-back direction. Right and left thumb pad support surfaces are respectively angled up from the right and left ulnar support surfaces forward of the wrist support surfaces. The thumb pad support surfaces are angled toward each other more sharply than the wrist support surfaces. An intermediate portion of a front edge of the wrist pad is generally level with the ulnar support surfaces. A forwardly extending concavity is positioned between the wrist support surfaces.

Abstract: A keyboard including a keyboard housing, a keyboard region including a plurality of keys housed on a top surface of the keyboard region and an integrated gel wrist rest non-removably affixed to an interior surface of the keyboard housing and integrated into the keyboard housing is described. A process for making the keyboard is also described.

Abstract: A sanitary stand fitting for fixing in a receiving hole of a fitting support, such as that of a sanitary appliance such as a wash-stand or sink or the like, or other support plate with a fixing anchor movably supported on the fitting body, which anchor, when the fitting body is assembled, can be brought into a position flush with the receiving hole of the fitting support, and can be guided through the receiving hole and automatically assumes a locked position after passing through the receiving hole, and with a clamping device by means of which the fitting body and the fixing anchor, in its locked position, are clamped against each other, characterised in that the fixing anchor (12) is retained on the fitting body (10) by means of an elongated flexible spring (11) having a greater length than the material thickness of the fitting support (16), and in that a threaded rod (14), as a clamping device, can be passed through a hole (13) formed in the fitting body (10) and can be screwed into a threaded hole formed

Abstract: A firebowl assembly is provided which includes a firebowl and a stand for the firebowl. The stand has a first, erected mode wherein the stand supports the firebowl and a second, folded mode wherein the stand is adapted to be received within the firebowl for storage therein. The stand includes a support ring for supporting the firebowl in the first state of the stand and a plurality of legs pivotably connected to the ring and pivotable between (i) an erected state in the first mode of the stand and (ii) a folded state in the second mode of the stand.

Abstract: The current invention provides a card holder for displaying a card on a flat horizontal surface. The card holder is substantially adhesive free and can be mailed in a flat configuration with a greeting card in a greeting card envelope. The card holder comprises a panel having tabs that are extendable outwardly from the panel and arranged in a pattern to secure the edges of the card, thus allowing the card to be displayed in a stable manner.

Abstract: A suspension device for a paint, varnish or putty removal devices, is intended to be arranged near or in contact with a wall, a ceiling, a floor or the like, and adapted for treatment of old paint, putty or varnish on the surface of an object by means of heat radiation. The suspension device includes a horizontally pivotable arm which at one end portion is displaceably mounted and horizontally pivotally arranged on a bar. The other end portion of the arm supports one or several paint removal devices which are rotably connected to the arm. The arm includes at least a first and a second rigid section being horizontally pivotally connected to each other round a vertical axis.

Abstract: A supporting device for computer peripheral equipments, such as a Webcam, includes a base for holding the Webcam. The base has a housing compartment to hold a moving member. The housing compartment has two sides, each having a sliding member. The moving member has two sides pivotally coupled on the sliding members. The sliding members can be swiveled and moved back and forth, relative to the base, to adjust the clamping space and clamping angle between the base and the moving member at the same time. The supporting device may also rest and stand on an operation surface in an upright manner.

Abstract: A generally L-shaped mounting arm has one end for coupling to a bowling scoring unit and an opposite end for extending under a table top and including a mounting flange for securing the opposite end of the arm to the undersurface of the table. In one embodiment, an adapter bracket is provided and is coupled to the pedestal mount of a table itself with an extension to receive the opposite end of the mounting arm. Preferably, the scoring unit is mounted to the one end of the arm to allow its rotation for viewing at different angles and convenient access by players sitting adjacent the edge of the table from which the scoring unit extends.

Abstract: A bracket has three rigid sides, at least two of the sides having equal length. Each of the three sides has ends lying in a plane defined by a longitudinal axis between the ends and a transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The sides are rigidly connected to each other at the ends so that an equilateral or isosceles triangle is formed in a cross-sectional plane taken through the longitudinal axes of the three sides. The transverse axes of the three sides each independently form an angle of from about 50° to about 60° with the cross-sectional plane and meet at a common point not on the cross-sectional plane. One or more of the three sides have mounting points located on the longitudinal axis. Preferably, the three sides are of equal length and an equilateral triangle is formed in the cross-sectional plane. Such a bracket is versatile, accommodating a variety of different configurations and supporting a variety of different support structures (e.g.

Abstract: Described is an arrangement stabilizing a hand-held portable electronic device. The device includes an integral support on which the device rests when placed on a work surface. The arrangement has a stabilizing member including a work surface contacting base and a coupling mechanism securing the stabilizing member to the device in a support configuration. When in the support configuration, a width of the base is greater than that of the integral support. The coupling mechanism is releasable to allow the stabilizing member to move to a stowed configuration. When in the stowed configuration, a profile of the device is reduced in comparison with that in the support configuration.

Abstract: A bicycle mounting bracket for safety lights is provided to mount to different portions of a bicycle to provide a mount for standard bicycle safety lights. A bicycle mounting bracket for safety lights includes a base bracket with a post, rear portion, side bosses with screw holes, radius grooves, and a center slot; a clamp band with an arch, side bosses with screw holes, and nut recess pockets; and attaching portions. Attaching portions can be one or more twist ties, cable ties, screws with nuts, hooks, pins, dowels, tape, twine, wire, and fishing line. One or more shims can also be provided.

Abstract: A support arm includes an arm having a proximal arm pivot joint that provides a range of elevational rotation of the arm. The arm further includes a distal component mount. The support arm further includes a biasing device adapted to provide an increasing force with increasing displacement. A flexible element is coupled between the biasing device and the arm with a linkage therebetween. At least a portion of the flexible element forms a segment between the arm and the linkage. The segment is at an angle relative to the arm, and the angle varies during rotation of the arm. An arm end location of the segment is fixed in relation to the arm during rotation of the arm. A linkage end location of the segment changes in relation to the pivot joint during rotation of the arm.

Abstract: The inventive adjustable keyboard support assembly includes a mounting unit and an adjustable keyboard tray. The mounting unit has (a) an elongated track having opposing first and second ends and opposing top and bottom surfaces; and (b) first means and second means for attaching the mounting unit to the work surface. The first means includes a generally c-shaped clamp having opposing first and second ends, a first substantially horizontal region adjoining a second substantially vertical region, a side flange extending from the second region at the first end of the clamp, and a center flange extending from the second region between the first and second ends of the clamp. The center flange is attached to the first end of the track. The adjustable keyboard tray can be attached to the mounting unit by slidingly engaging it to the bottom surface of the track.

Abstract: A mounting apparatus (100) includes a mobile communication device (102) having first and second integrated side rails (120, 122), and a unitarily molded bracket (104) having side surfaces (134) extending therefrom. The side surfaces (134) receive the mobile communication device (102) in either a vertical drop down mounting option (202) or a horizontal slide in mounting (204) option. The mobile communication device (102) includes first and second side rails (120, 122) that rest on top of the side surfaces (134) in the vertical drop down mounting mode (202). In the horizontal slide in mode (204), the side rails (120, 122) slide along flat surfaces (138) of side surfaces (134) and become engaged to engagement portions (136, 138, 140) of the side panels (142).

Abstract: A carrying case for an electronic device, such as a tablet personal computer, is provided, and more specifically a case that allows a user to selectively position a display screen of the tablet personal computer by rotation coupled with angular support. The case is easily adapted for use with many types and models of personal electronic devices and may be utilized to view the display screen in a plurality of orientations.

Abstract: A fixing device for fixing a flexible tube to an aquarium tank, of the type including a support element for the flexible tube having a substantially U-like curved shape and suitable to be engaged astride an edge of the tank. The support element includes a first half-shell and a second half-shell juxtaposed to each other to form a housing seat of predetermined section for housing the flexible tube.

Abstract: A hanger for a musical instrument comprising: a base bracket arranged to be secured to a surface from which the instrument is to be hung; the bracket comprising projecting arms that define an open slot therebetween; a locking cap adapted to be secured across the arms to close off the slot; and means to lock the cap in position onto the bracket whereby the neck of the musical instrument is located within the open slot so that when closed the slot prevents removal of the instrument and the hanger supports the instrument suspended from the hanger.

Abstract: A support base (10) for a computer (11) having a support body (15) with an upper surface side walls (16, 23, 26) and a lower edge or body. The support base includes retention means which may preferably comprises a recess in the upper surface. The support means also includes weight bearing means which may comprise a series of spaced feet (19). The feet may terminate in non-slip surfaces or alternatively wheels. The support base preferably also includes an anterior wall (20) which may be hingedly fixed to the support base. The interior wall may be removable from the support body and be also continuous with side returns. The anterior wall is adapted to receive and display visual indicia. It may include the capacity to receive accessory components for the computer. The anterior wall may be adapted to provide access to control buttons and similar. Most preferably the support base further includes a rearward cable shield (24). The cable shield may be adjustable in relation to its spacing from the interior wall.

Abstract: A mounting apparatus (100) for a mobile communication device includes a unitarily formed bracket (102) having side surfaces (104) with integrated lock washer functionality. Cantilevered beams (106, 108) are deflected outward from the side surfaces (104) forming a clearance (110) through which to receive a screw (210) for coupling the mobile communication device (302) to the bracket (102). The cantilevered beams (106, 108) minimize backward rotation of the screw (210) and provide compliancy between the bracket (102), the screw (210) and the mobile communication device (302).

Abstract: A monitor apparatus which includes a monitor body displaying an image thereon and a base member supporting the monitor body includes a fixed swivel member and a movable swivel member. The fixed swivel member is coupled to the base member. One side of the movable swivel member is coupled to the monitor body and the other side of the movable swivel member is coupled to the fixed swivel member so as to swivel around a swivel shaft. A projection member is coupled to one of the fixed and movable swivel members and protrudes to the other of the fixed and movable swivel members. A latching portion is formed at the other of the fixed swivel member and the movable swivel member so as to engage the projection member. With this structure, the monitor apparatus can be easily swiveled and stopped at a desired angle.

Abstract: A stand for retaining a computer chassis includes a base frame, a pair of clamping arms, and a pair of pivoting members. Each of the pivoting members includes a linking portion connected to each of the clamping arms, and a pivoting portion pivotally connected to two ends of the base frame. The pivoting portion includes a device by which the clamping arms capable of being turned to a position and kept in the position.

Abstract: A modular bunk cover apparatus and system for protecting the hull of a watercraft from abrasive contact with a bunk, such as the bunks found on boat trailers, boat lifts, boat storage racks, and the like. The modular bunk cover apparatus and system can be installed on an existing bunk without removing the bunk from the trailer or other structure. The modular bunk cover apparatus and system facilitates easy launching and loading of a boat on a trailer or boat lift. The system is a replacement for carpet systems that tend to degrade over time, eventually falling off the bunk and subsequently creating a hazard for marine life, birds, and mammals.

Abstract: A webcam clip is disclosed. The webcam is a U-shaped frame with a clipping part and a pivoting part formed by bent metal wire with certain wire diameter. The clipping part makes the present invention easily clip on edges of panels while the pivoting part is formed by two rear ends of the U-shaped frame for being disposed on a first concave hole arranged symmetrically on right and left sides of a housing of webcam so as to form a pivot between the U-shaped frame and the housing. Therefore, the angles of lens are adjustable. Moreover, a guiding slot is arranged above the first concave hole for connecting the first concave hole with a second concave hole so as to make the pivoting part of the clip elastically move from the first concave hole to the second concave hole along the guiding slot and the device is in folded form. Or the pivoting part can move in reverse direction, from the second concave hole to the first concave hole, along the guiding slot for being used.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide means for attaching a catch tray to a hanging plant container. An attachment device comprises two engaging members. The first engagement member includes a U-shaped engagement structure and a plurality of spaced-apart interlock features in combination with an elongated interconnect structure thereof. The second engagement member includes a U-shaped engagement structure and an elongated interconnect structure attached to the U-shaped engagement structure. The elongated interconnect structure of the second engagement member is slideably engaged with the elongated interconnect structure of the first engagement member.

Abstract: A form stake having a narrow vertical shank body terminating at its upper end in a wider, flat driving shelf whose outer ends extend far enough from the shank body to provide grasping or hooking surfaces on the underside of the driving shelf spaced from the shank. At least a rearmost edge or surface of the shank is aligned flush with the rearmost edge of the driving shelf, allowing the entirety of the stake to be driven smoothly down into the ground adjacent the face of a form board. In a preferred form the stake includes reinforcing flanges extending from the underside of the driving shelf to an upper end of the shank, the flanges terminating short of the outer ends of the driving shelf.

Abstract: A stress-release mold is described for casting thermosetting compositions especially compositions designed for consumer use. At least one wall of the mold includes a stress-releasing-element characterized by having a more flexible region or regions than the remaining wall or walls of the mold and wherein the stress-releasing-element includes a region of lower curvature at least partially surrounded by a region of higher curvature. The stress-release mold greatly reduces or eliminates surface defects caused by shrinkage of thermosetting compositions as they cools. A system is also described that includes the inventive mold containing a thermosetting composition wherein the mold also serves as all or part of the package for the composition.

Abstract: In the case of a method for sensing a marking (2) of a running web of material (3), the web of material is optically scanned by an image recording device (6). This generates in successive measuring cycles image signals which are fed to an image processing device (7). This image processing device (7) determines the positional values of the marking (2) of the web of material (3). A validity signal is generated from these positional values by applying a position-dependent weighting function and is output. This validity signal indicates whether the currently determined positional value is valid.

Abstract: In the optical pickup unit configured to guide a laser beam emitted from a laser source to an objective lens, to converge the laser beam with the objective lens to be irradiated to a disk, and to guide the laser beam reflected and returned by the disk to the photo detector including a light reception region constituted by a plurality of segments, the photo detector is disposed with each amplifier corresponding to each segment of the light reception region, is disposed with each output terminal that outputs each light reception output corresponding to each segment from the photo detector via each amplifier, and is disposed with an output setting circuit that sets each light reception output from each of the output terminals by changing the gain of each of the amplifiers and/or by attenuating the input or output of each of the amplifiers with an attenuator to correct each light reception output from each of the output terminals with the output setting circuit depending on an output difference generated in each

Abstract: In an electron tube, one end of an insulating tube is protruded toward the inside of an envelope, and an avalanche photodiode (APD) is provided on the one end of the insulating tube. Another end of the insulating tube is connected to an outer stem of the envelope. Alkali sources are provided inside the envelope. The alkali sources are disposed inside the envelope and generates alkali metal vapor to thereby form a photocathode on a predetermined part of the internal surface of the envelope. The alkali sources and insulating tube are isolated from each other by a separating member. When the electron tube is manufactured, the alkali metal vapor that is generated from the alkali sources is not deposited on the insulating tube due to existence of the separating member. This prevents voltage resistance between the envelope and APD from being decreased and the electrical field in the electron tube from being adversely affected, thereby preventing incident efficiency of electrons to the APD from being decreased.

Abstract: Imaging devices with an infrared filter over a surface of the substrate and methods for forming the same are provided. The imager includes a plurality of pixels supported by the substrate. Each pixel includes a photosensor. The imager may also include a plurality of micro-lenses and a color filter array with a plurality of filters, each filter being dedicated to a respective micro-lens. Over the substrate is an infrared filter for inhibiting the passage of infrared radiation to the photosensors.

Abstract: A rear vision system having a divided lens configuration and sensor array. The sensor array has a first, second section and third sections. The lens configuration includes a first portion directing a first field of view onto the first section of the sensor array, and a second portion directing a second field of view onto the second section of the sensor array. The sensor array may be a complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera or a charge coupled device camera.

Abstract: An imaging device collects color image data to facilitate distinguishing crop image data from background data. A definer defines a series of scan line segments generally perpendicular to a transverse axis of the vehicle or of the imaging device. An intensity evaluator determines scan line intensity data for each of the scan line segments. An alignment detector identifies a preferential heading of the vehicle that is generally aligned with respect to a crop feature, associated with the crop image data, based on the determined scan line intensity meeting or exceeding a maximum value or minimum threshold value. A reliability estimator estimates a reliability of the vehicle heading based on compliance with an intensity level criteria associated with one or more crop rows.

Abstract: The method and system for vehicular guidance comprises an imaging device for collecting color image data to facilitate distinguishing crop image data (e.g., crop rows) from background data. A definer defines a series of scan line segments generally perpendicular to a transverse axis of the vehicle or of the imaging device. An intensity evaluator determines scan line intensity data for each of the scan line segments. An alignment detector (e.g., search engine) identifies a preferential heading of the vehicle that is generally aligned with respect to a crop feature, associated with the crop image data, based on the determined scan line intensity meeting or exceeding a maximum value or minimum threshold value.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a substrate, a sensor cell array disposed on the substrate, the sensor cell array having a plurality of sensor cells arranged in a matrix, a plurality of signal lines for transferring an image signal output from each of the sensor cells, a plurality of amplifiers connected to at least one of the signal lines, each of the amplifiers including a first capacitance having a first end connected to one of the signal lines, an inversion amplifier having an input end connected to a second end of the first capacitance, a second capacitance connected between the input end and an output end of the inversion amplifier, a switch connected between the input and output ends of the inversion amplifier to reset the second capacitance and a third capacitance having a first end connected to a control line and a second end connected to the input end of the inversion amplifier, and a control voltage supply circuit for supplying one of first and second voltages to the control line.

Abstract: A method for inspecting a solid-state image pickup device by irradiating a solid-state image pickup device with measuring light emitted from a light source, wherein the light source is a surface light emitter comprising a plurality of pixels each including a combination of a red LED, a green LED and a blue LED.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a backside illuminated semiconductor device. The device includes a semiconductor substrate having a front surface and a back surface, a sensor element formed on the front surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a light reflective layer (LRL) disposed over the sensor element. The LRL is configured to reflect light directed towards the back surface and through the sensor element.