Abstract: A low iron soda glass is combined with a UVA phosphor to provide increased uvb transmission from a florescent lamp which may be used as a tanning lamp.

Abstract: A light source apparatus for generating a plasma and supplying a light irradiated from the plasma to an optical system, said light source apparatus includes a chamber for accommodating a region that generates the plasma, wherein a density of a hydrocarbon compound included in a gas in the chamber is 300 ppb or less.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for controlling an ultraviolet (UV) sterilization system that has one or more UV sources to achieve proper sterilization with minimal time and usage of power for the UV sterilization system. The UV sources are operated according to a set of control parameters including intensity of the UV light energy and an exposure time. The device may include: one or more sensors that are configured to measure UV light energy emitted by the UV sources and develop one or more signals; and a microcontroller that has an access to information of UV energy doses for various types of microorganisms. The microcontroller is configured to receive the signals from the sensors, determine a set of optimum values corresponding to the set of control parameters using the signals and the information, and send the set of optimum values to the UV sources to control the UV sources.

Abstract: An DPP EUV source is disclosed which may comprise a debris mitigation apparatus employing a metal halogen gas producing a metal halide from debris exiting the plasma. The EUV source may have a debris shield that may comprise a plurality of curvilinear shield members having inner and outer surfaces connected by light passages aligned to a focal point, which shield members may be alternated with open spaces between them and may have surfaces that form a circle in one axis of rotation and an ellipse in another. The electrodes may be supplied with a discharge pulse shaped to produce a modest current during the axial run out phase of the discharge and a peak occurring during the radial compression phase of the discharge. The light source may comprise a turbomolecular pump having an inlet connected to the generation chamber and operable to preferentially pump more of the source gas than the buffer gas from the chamber.

Abstract: A radiation source for use in lithography. The radiation source comprising a pn-junction disposed on a substrate that can be reverse-biased to cause avalanche breakdown and emission of UV or DUV radiation by deceleration of electrons accelerated into an n-type region of the pn-junction. The radiation source can have a low operating voltage, a high switching speed, and provides great design freedom. High intensity can be provided, e.g., by the use of large or multiple sources. The pn-junction can be doped with impurities to increase emission of radiation at a desired frequency and increase the efficiency of the device. For protection, the pn-junction may be covered by a layer of transparent oxide. By reverse biasing the pn-junction with a potential difference at least 4V, radiation of wavelength 300nm or less can be obtained.

Abstract: In a method for non-iterative focus adjustment in a CT apparatus the position of the center ray with regard to the movement direction of the focus and the correct phase between the detector sampling frequency and the focus springing frequency are calculated with a minimal number of sinogram acquisitions and is adjusted without iterative steps, corresponding to predetermined values.

Abstract: A shielding detection system for cargo receptacles includes an inertia test apparatus configured to detect mass and inertia data of a cargo receptacle. The inertia test apparatus provides an indication of the presence of shielding within the cargo receptacle.

Abstract: A method of identifying a source of a marking fluid applied to a person or an object comprises applying a marking fluid including one or more security markers to a person or an object and illuminating the applied marking fluid to excite the security markers. Photoluminescent emission from the security markers in response to the excitation is measured and compared with one or more pre-defined photoluminescent signatures associated with the source of the marking fluid. The source of the marking fluid is identified based on a match between the detected photoluminescent emission and at least one of the pre-defined photoluminescent signatures.

Abstract: A three dimensional measuring apparatus, provided for measuring a position of at least one contact element, applied on a surface of an electronic component, said apparatus comprising a first and a second camera, said first and second camera being each provided with a lens set-up, having an optical axis, said first and second camera being disposed at opposite sides with respect to a perpendicular axis on said surface of said component, in such a manner that their optical axis form each time an angle ?0° with respect to said perpendicular axis, said first and second camera each having an image field, provided for forming thereon a first, respectively a second image pattern of at least one of said contact elements, said first and second camera being connected with an image processor, provided for processing said image patterns formed in said image field by applying a perspective reconstruction on measurements, performed on said first and second image pattern, in order to determine, within a 3D reference frame, s

Abstract: A valve actuation assembly includes a housing and a vane connected to a shaft. The vane is at least partially disposed within the housing. The valve actuation assembly further includes a valve assembly connected to the housing and a feedback device connected to at least one of the vane and the shaft. The feedback device is configured to apply a feedback force to the valve assembly.

Abstract: An MWD/LWD mud pulser orifice for reducing erosion on the discharge side of the orifice has an upstream conduit, a poppet mounted in the upstream conduit reciprocal with respect to the orifice, the orifice is fixed to the upstream conduit having a flow restriction aperture and a discharge side, and a downstream conduit fixed to the discharge side of the orifice has an inner diameter wall. The flow restriction aperture has a center hole plugged by the poppet when the poppet is moved forth into an engaged position, and axial slots integral with and distal from the center hole. The discharge side of the orifice has a smooth transition taper from the center hole to the inner diameter wall in distal regions (excluding the regions of the axial slots).

Abstract: A bi-directional electrostatic microvalve includes a membrane electrode that is controlled by application of voltage to fixed electrodes disposed on either side of the membrane electrode. Dielectric insulating layers separate the electrodes. One of the fixed electrodes defines a microcavity. Microfluidic channels formed into the electrodes provide fluid to the microcavity. A central pad defined in the microcavity places a portion of the second electrode close to the membrane electrode to provide a quick actuation while the microcavity reduces film squeezing pressure of the membrane electrode. In preferred embodiment microvalves, low surface energy and low surface charge trapping coatings, such as fluorocarbon films made from cross-linked carbon di-fluoride monomers or surface monolayers made from fluorocarbon terminated silanol compounds coatings coat the electrode low bulk charge trapping dielectric layers limit charge trapping and other problems and increase device lifetime operation.

Abstract: A solenoid valve comprises a valve chamber between a base body and a magnet head and in the valve chamber a magnet armature functioning as a valve member is located. The actuation of the magnet armature takes place by activation of an electromagnet means, which possesses a magnet core arrangement with a plurality of pole faces facing the magnet armature. In order to reduce the impact of the magnet armature a damping plate arrangement is located between the magnet armature and the pole faces, such plate arrangement being in the form of a material which is not ferromagnetic.

Abstract: A motorized fluid control valve includes a valve unit having a fluid inlet and outlet provided in a tube for controlling fluid flow, wherein the valve unit is adapted to operate between an opened and closed position. The motorized fluid control valve includes a motor and a driving pin providing a rotational power, a cam including a cam body rotatably mounted in such a manner that the motor is arrange to drive the cam body to rotate to operate the valve unit and to produce a valve signal showing a corresponding position of the valve unit. The motorized fluid control valve includes a valve safety arrangement having two fingers. When the valve unit is stuck, the driving pin will break the two fingers to disengage the cam from the motor, thus stopping any further rotation of the cam and provide a true signal regarding the position of the valve unit.

Abstract: A spring seat, which contacts a spool, is provided between a compression coil spring and the spool. The spring seat is shaped into a cup-shaped body, which includes a cup tubular section, a cup flange section and a cup bottom section and is fitted to a distal end shaft portion of the spool. A spring load of the spring, which is received by the cup flange section, is conducted to a distal end of the distal end shaft portion through the cup tubular section and the cup bottom section. An outer land diameter of each land of the spool is made smaller than a spring diameter of the spring.

Abstract: An electric valve for controlling the delivery of pressurized fluid, comprising: an electric valve body, forming internally a fluid intake port and a delivery chamber coupled to a discharge duct containing a discharge port, a flow control element, supported by a shuttle arranged transversely with respect to the flow passage direction and movable in the fluid flow direction. The shuttle is end supported by a guiding element, engaged with the shuttle and separated from it by a pair of lateral membranes, the flow control element is movable from an open position, to allow connection of the intake port to the discharge port, to a closed position, for interrupting connection between the intake port and the discharge port.

Abstract: An electropneumatic pressure converter including a magnet valve which has a magnet coil and a magnet core received in a housing as is a regulator unit. By means of the electropneumatic pressure converter, variable underpressures pVAR of consumers can be regulated. The regulator unit has components joined together by material engagement, forming sealing points.

Abstract: To avoid waste of material and costs originated by retention valves that control the flow of liquid petroleum gas (GLP), wrongly assembled, lower the manufacturing costs, eliminate the potential risks in the security of the valve originated by the user's manipulation when disassembling and reassembling the same, and solving the problems related with the inner adjustment of some parts and the vibrations of the whole, there has been developed a connection rod POL (12) that eliminates the rod's end POL as an independent part by merging both parts in one single part, reducing significantly the normal vibration of the whole. The rod POL (12) includes an end (19) which consists in a concentric circular ring (20) with a plurality of rectangular cuts (21), preferably four and arranged orthogonally, partially surrounding the spring (10), so when the action of the fluid moves the rod POL (12), the ring (20) moves towards the end of the mechanized region (11).

Abstract: A valve of the type wherein high pressure fluid moves through a first moveable member (112) that lies in a first valve body (116), through a rotor channel (162), and though a second moveable member (150) in a second body, with the rotor being rotatable to direct the fluid into a selected passage of the second body. In this valve, forces on the rotor vary with the pressure of the fluid, but are decreased to reduce friction and therefore reduce rotation torque. Forces on the rotor are decreased by constructing each moveable member with a cylindrical surface (135) that is dynamically sealed against. Each valve body includes a body and an insert (126) threaded into a front end of the body. The insert has an internal flange (132) with a flange front end (133) that abuts the rear of a spring (120) that urges the movable member forward towards the rotor, and with a flange rear end (204) that abuts a seal device (121) that dynamically seals to the cylindrical surface (135) of the moveable member.

Abstract: In order to improve a throttle flap valve having a ring-shaped, elastic seal element (4) that surrounds an axial opening, having a valve disk (6) disposed to rotate in the axial opening, crosswise to the axial direction, having means for turning the valve disk (6) between the open and the closed positions, to control a flow of fluid through the opening, having at least two valve housing parts (5) that surround the seal element (4) in ring shape, which surround two flanges (3) connected with an inflow and an outflow, whereby conical contact surfaces of the flanges (3) and/or the valve housing parts (5) work together in such a manner that the flanges (3) are pressed axially against the seal element (4), forming a seal, by means of the valve housing parts (5), in the assembled state ready for operation, with regard to detrimental effects of axial forces that act on the seal element (4), it is proposed that the flanges (3) are rigidly connected with a clamp pair (5), forming a positive lock, in each instance.

Abstract: A valve manifold that is adapted to be positioned between a main flow line and a measuring instrument, including a body; a pair of fluid flow passages in said body, each having one port for coupling with the main flow line and an opposite end port for coupling with the measuring instrument; a pair of valve members for controlling the fluid flow through the respective pair of fluid flow passages; and a pair of handles for respectively controlling said pair of valve members. Each of the valve members includes a control end coupling with a respective handle to control the position of the valve member and a valving end adapted for positioning in a valve passage that extends transverse to the fluid flow passage.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions of cyclopentane, and a compound selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroethers, or fluorinated sulfur compounds. Specifically these compounds may be selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethane, hexafluoropropane, pentafluoropropane, tetrafluoropropane, trifluoropropane, difluoropropane, octafluorobutane, hexafluorobutane, pentafluorobutane, nonafluorobutane, difluorobutane, trifluoro-2-methoxyethane and bis(pentafluoroethyl)sulfide. The compositions, which may be azeotropic or azeotrope-like, may be used as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, refrigerants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents or displacement drying agents.

Abstract: A composition comprising from about 80 weight percent to about 99.9 weight percent of at least one C1-C5 hydrofluorocarbon and from about 0.1 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of at least one C3-C7 alcohol, and the use of these composition for in methods of the recharging of refrigeration systems.

Abstract: Aqueous polishing slurries for chemical-mechanical polishing are effective for polishing copper at high polish rates. The aqueous slurries according to the present invention may include soluble salts of molybdenum dissolved in an oxidizing agent and molybdic acid dissolved in an oxidizing agent. Methods for polishing copper by chemical-mechanical planarization include polishing copper with low pressures using a polishing pad and a aqueous slurries including soluble salts of molybdenum dissolved in an oxidizing agent and molybdic acid dissolved in an oxidizing agent, particles of MoO3 dissolved in an oxidizing agent, and particles of MoO2 dissolved in an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for encapsulation of liquid crystals to form spherical particles with a narrow size distribution. More specific, this invention relates to a method for encapsulation of liquid crystals that are suitable to be employed in liquid crystal displays, including displays intended to be used in large boards outdoors.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electronic apparatus that includes: a display device having four outer edges, and four corner sections formed with the four outer edges; a housing which incorporates the display device, and has a back wall covering a back surface of the display device and an outer peripheral wall surrounding an outer periphery of the display device; and a metal fastener which has a fastening member and is fastened to the display device. The back wall includes: a first region located between the four outer edges and the outer peripheral wall; and a second region which does not include the first region and a region facing the back surface of the display device, and is located between the corner section and the outer peripheral wall. The fastening member of the metal fastener is fastened to the second region.

Abstract: A phosphor, an optical device, and a display device are provided. The phosphor includes a composition represented by (Sr(1-x-y)CaxBay)(Ga(1-m-n)AlmInn)aS4:Eu, wherein the concentration of europium is in the range of 1 to 9 mole percent; 0?x?1, 0?y?1, and x+y?1; 0?m?1, 0?n?1, and m+n?1; and a main absorption wavelength range of the excitation is selected either a first wavelength range that overlaps the entirety of a reference wavelength range and extends to the shorter wavelength side or a second wavelength range that overlaps the entirety of the reference wavelength range and extends to the longer wavelength side according to value a.

Abstract: The present invention is a polymeric composition comprising a polymer, a cathodic corrosion inhibitor, and an acidic corrosive reagent. The polymeric composition may further comprise a blowing agent and/or a second corrosion inhibitor. The present invention specifically also includes moisture-crosslinkable polymeric compositions. The moisture-crosslinkable compositions can be used as a coating and applied over a wire or a cable.

Abstract: This invention provides a cationic electrodeposition coating composition which exhibits high paint stability, forms coating film excelling in conductivity, intimate adhesion, corrosion resistance, finished appearance and acid resistance, and is capable of forming uniform electrocoated film also on substrates having uneven surfaces, characterized by comprising a conductive filler dispersion paste, base resin and a curing agent, said paste being formed by dispersing a conductive filler (A) composed of high conductive carbon black (a1) and at least one conductive powder (a2) selected from furnace black, graphite and conductive whisker, using a pigment-dispersing resin (B), the composition (i) containing 30-100 wt parts of a conductive filler (A) which contains at least 2 wt parts of high conductive carbon black (a1), per 100 wt parts of combined solid content of the base resin and the curing agent, (ii) the weight ratio of the conductive powder (a2)/high conductive carbon black (a1) being within a range of 0.

Abstract: Use of a composition comprising finely divided particles of (a) an electrically-conductive material; (b) one or more inorganic binders; and (c) one or more metal(s) selected from cobalt, nickel, iron and bismuth, wherein components (a), (b) and (c) are dispersed in a liquid vehicle, in the manufacture of an electrically-conductive pattern on a substrate for the purpose of increasing the resistivity of said electrically-conductive pattern.

Abstract: A lead free, thick film heating element. Known thick film heating elements contain environmentally hazardous material such as lead. This is particularly problematic when manufacturing thick film heating elements, as lead is often used in thick film formulations to allow the glass-based thick film to be processed at low firing temperatures. Using composite sol gel technology, the present invention provides a method to produce a lightweight mica-based thick film heating element based on thick film materials that are free from lead or cadmium. This mica-based element is lightweight, has the performance advantages of a thick film heating element, and may be processed at a low temperature using thick film materials.

Abstract: Noble crystal of 4-dimethylamino-4-stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) useful as an electro-optical element. A DAST crystal having a size effective for use as an electro-optical element is provided by a twin crystal of DAST. The twin crystal of DAST can be obtained according to a seed crystallization method or a slope crystal growing method.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for fluorinated ester utilization as clean fire extinguishing agents are disclosed.

Abstract: An arrangement for raising and lowering relative light weight objects from a ground position to a high storage position. A bracket is secured to the high storage position and supports a vertical rotatable shaft, with a pair of horizontal reels and an automatic lock position. A rod is detachably attached to the shaft and extends horizontally downwardly to the ground position. Rotation of the shaft around its central axis causes rotation of the reels. The reels are affixed to two lines which extend generally horizontally from the reels, with the free ends of the lines extending over spaced pulleys and extending downwardly for attachment to the ground level. Rotation of the shaft allows raising and lowering of the object. A spring loaded mechanism associated with the shaft causes automatic locking of the reels in any position, and locks the reels upon raising to the high storage position.

Abstract: A pneumatically operated hoist system including a load support is disclosed, wherein the system is capable of sensing an overload and preventing the raising of the load support.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nonvolatile memory such as, for example a ROM or an EPROM, in which the information density of the memory is increased relative to a conventional nonvolatile memory that includes two logic state devices. Specifically, the nonvolatile memory of the present invention includes a SiN/TaN/SiN thin film resistor embedded within a material having a thermal conductivity of about 1 W/m-K or less; and a non-linear Si-containing device coupled to the resistor. Read and write circuits and operations are also provided in the present application.

Abstract: A chalcogenide-based programmable conductor memory device and method of forming the device, wherein a chalcogenide glass region is provided with a plurality of alternating tin chalcogenide and metal layers proximate thereto. The method of forming the device comprises sputtering the alternating tin chalcogenide and metal layers.

Abstract: A strained channel transistor according to the present invention includes a semiconductor substrate, a semiconductor layer having a lattice constant larger than the lattice constant of the semiconductor substrate on the semiconductor substrate, a strained channel layer on the semiconductor layer, and one or more epitaxial layers on sides of the strained channel layer, configured to change the lattice structure of the strained channel layer. Trenches may be formed in the strained channel layer, and the epitaxial layer(s) formed in the trenches, and stress from the epitaxial layer may increase the strained channel layer's lattice distance, and in the end, enhance the mobility of charge carriers through the channel.

Abstract: An encapsulation, barrier, or protective layer for electronic devices is disclosed comprising a lac-based material, its synthetic form and variant, or a combination thereof, which protects electronic devices from adverse environmental effects.

Abstract: An imaging member includes a substrate, a charge transport layer, a charge generator layer, and a charge transporting or photoconductive overcoating layer.

Abstract: 6,13-bis(thienyl)pentacene compounds are described that can be used as a semiconductor material. Semiconductor devices that contain the 6,13-bis(thienyl)pentacene compounds and methods of making such semiconductor devices are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic thin film transistor which includes an organic layer comprising an organic compound facilitating the ohmic contact between a semi-conducting layer and electrodes and serving as the semi-conducting layer. The organic thin film transistor according to the present invention has excellent electric contact between the semiconductor layer and the source electrode/drain electrode, and thus can be widely used as components for electric/electronic devices. As a result, as the materials for the source electrode or the drain electrode in the organic thin film transistor, materials which are less expensive and excellent in processibility though they have a low work function as the materials can be used.

Abstract: A semiconductor device can include a channel including a zinc-indium oxide film.

Abstract: A thin film device includes a thin film element disposed on a surface of a substrate for high voltage formed of a material having an electric resistivity in the range of 108?·cm to 1010?·cm, with an adhesive layer in between. The substrate for high voltage is a sintered body containing Al2O3, TiC, and MgO in a predetermined weight ratio. Therefore, if electric charges are generated in the thin film element, the electric charges are, while they are not accumulated in large amounts, gradually shifted via the adhesive layer to the substrate for high voltage, so that the generation of ESD can be suppressed. On the other hand, even when mounted on a lead frame, a sufficient dielectric breakdown voltage can be ensured. This provides a thin film device that is less susceptible to damage due to ESD, and has superior withstand voltage characteristic to permit a stable operation.

Abstract: A transistor array panel includes switching elements provided in intersecting portions between gate and data lines, and display electrodes connected to the switching elements. A conductive film pattern is provided to be electrically insulated from the gate and data lines, and display electrodes, and to be overlapped on the display electrodes, thereby forming a storage capacitance between each of the display electrodes and the conductive film pattern. A protection circuit is electrically connected to the gate and data lines, and disposed in an outer peripheral portion of a display region in which the switching elements and the display electrodes are formed on the one side of the substrate. A common line is insulated from the protection circuit, connected to the conductive film pattern, and provided to be insulated from the protection circuit and to be at least partially overlapped on the protection circuit, in the outer peripheral portion of the display region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having an applied horizontal electric field comprising: a gate line; a common line substantially parallel to the gate line; a data line arranged to cross the gate line and the common line to define a pixel area; a thin film transistor formed at each crossing of the gate line and the data line; a common electrode formed in the pixel area and connected to the common line; a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor, wherein the horizontal electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode in the pixel area; a gate pad formed with at least one conductive layer included in the gate line; a data pad formed with at least one conductive layer included in the data line; a common pad formed with at least one conductive layer included in the common line; a passivation film to expose at least one of the gate pad, the data pad and the common pad; and a driving integrated circuit mounted on a substrate to connect directly to one of the gate pad and the data p

Abstract: A high aperture active matrix liquid crystal display (AMLCD) includes pixel electrodes in respective pixels which overlap adjacent address lines. The color filters are formed on the active substrate in a manner such that the filters also overlap the address lines and function as an insulating layer between the pixel electrodes and address lines in the areas of overlap. Accordingly, line-pixel capacitances are reduced and the resulting AMLCD is easier to manufacture. The total number of process step in manufacturing is reduced, and plate-to-plate (active to passive plate) alignment is much easier and less important.

Abstract: A semiconductor light emitting device and a method to form the same are disclosed. The device has at least one porous or low density dielectric region formed in or on top of a bottom electrode, at least one top electrode on the porous or low density dielectric region, and one or more color filters placed above the top electrode, wherein the porous or low density dielectric region contains light emitting nanocrystal materials.

Abstract: A field effect transistor (FET) and method of forming the FET comprises a substrate; a silicon germanium (SiGe) layer over the substrate; a semiconductor layer over and adjacent to the SiGe layer; an insulating layer adjacent to the substrate, the SiGe layer, and the semiconductor layer; a pair of first gate structures adjacent to the insulating layer; and a second gate structure over the insulating layer. Preferably, the insulating layer is adjacent to a side surface of the SiGe layer and an upper surface of the semiconductor layer, a lower surface of the semiconductor layer, and a side surface of the semiconductor layer. Preferably, the SiGe layer comprises carbon. Preferably, the pair of first gate structures are substantially transverse to the second gate structure. Additionally, the pair of first gate structures are preferably encapsulated by the insulating layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thin-film transistor having a higher mobility for electrons or holes, a method for manufacturing the thin-film transistor, and a display using the thin-film transistor. Thus, the present invention provides a thin-film transistor having a source region, a channel region, and a drain region in a semiconductor thin film having a crystallization region with a crystal grown in a horizontal direction, the thin-film transistor having a gate insulating film and a gate electrode over the channel region, wherein a drain edge of the drain region which is adjacent to the channel region is formed in the vicinity of a crystal growth end position.