Abstract: A Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising iron and at least one promoter is prepared via a method which comprises the preparation of a high purity iron precursor and which uses a nominal amount of water in the catalyst production. The catalyst particles prepared with the high purity iron precursor have an essentially spherical particle shape, a relatively narrow particle size distribution range, and a high surface area.

Abstract: An automobile exhaust system includes a catalytic converter and a modified NOx trap wit improved sulfur tolerance. Sulfur oxide has a deleterious effect on the performance of nitrogen oxide traps. In the modified NOx trap, a sulfur oxide trap is integrated with a nitrogen oxide trap by coating the catalyst contained within a nitrogen oxide trap with a mixed oxide layer of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide. The NOx trap is regenerated by heating at elevated temperature for a short time period.

Abstract: A purification catalyst for exhaust gas enhances the activities of the precious metals, preventing decrease of activities at high temperature, and exhibiting a satisfactory performance during operation. In the purification catalyst of the present invention, Pd is supported by an aluminum composite oxide having a perovskite structure, the aluminum composite oxide is LnAl1?xMxO3 in which Ln is a rare-earth element, and the element M in the LnAl1?xMxO3 is one of elements in groups 1 to 5 and groups 12 to 14.

Abstract: A method of producing activated carbon comprising the steps of a) pyrolysing corn derivatives to generate char and b) activating the char to produce activated corn carbon.

Abstract: An aqueous composition suitable for applying fungicides to plant propagation materials is provided, comprising water and a blend of the following components, by weight: a) 2–10% of a surface-active agent comprising a1) at least one anionic surfactant; b) 0.5–10% of at least one polymer selected from water-dispersible polymers and water-soluble film-forming polymers; c) 4–20% of at least one inorganic solid carrier; and d) 3–20% of at least one antifreeze agent. In one embodiment, the composition comprises a fungicidally effective amount of at least one fungicidally active compound. The inventive composition is storage stable, ready-to-apply (RTA), ecologically and toxicologically favorable and has good fungicidal efficacy.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions that comprise one or more N-acylethanolamine compounds for maintaining the freshness and appearance of cut flowers, floral products, decorative foliage, fruits, and other plant cuttings. More specifically, the present invention provides methods for treating and storing cut flowers, Christmas trees, fruits, and other severed plant parts that preserve the appearance, freshness, fragrance and/or aesthetic qualities of the botanical products. Using the disclosed compositions, the shelf life of cut flowers was substantially prolonged, in many cases 2 to 5 times longer than untreated flowers, with the treated flowers or foliage appearing healthy and viable, and without wilting, dehydration, leaf drop, or visible signs of senescence. Likewise, treatment of ornamental coniferous plants with the anti-senescent compositions delayed deterioration and leaf drop, while extending the overall appearance and quality of the plants and plant cuttings.

Abstract: Self-generating foamed fluids for circulation through a well during drilling operations and methods for circulating such self-generating foamed drilling fluids are provided for. The drilling fluid comprises an aqueous solvent, a polymer, a surfactant, a first foam generating agent, and a second foam generating agent. The first and second foam generating agents react to generate a gas within the drilling fluid and thereby to foam the drilling fluid. Preferably, the foam generating agents are selected such that they react to generate carbon dioxide. Preferably a base fluid comprising excess amounts of only one of the foam generating agents is pumped into the drill string using a hydraulic pump. The other foam generating agent then is injected in a controlled manner downstream of the circulation pump such that the drilling fluid is foamed after being pumped for circulation through the well. The novel drilling fluids preferably have a density of from about 5.8 lb/gal to about 0.

Abstract: Suspensions are provided of water-soluble materials in non-aqueous carrier fluids using suspension agents that include thixotropic agents and, optionally, organophilic clays. Methods of forming such suspensions are provided. Methods are also provided for using such suspensions to prepare aqueous solutions, in particular thickened aqueous solutions, in particular for use in oilfield treatments.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to improved clay-based compositions comprising colloidal or colloidal-like phases (e.g., emulsions, aphrons) and methods of using those compositions. The compositions generally comprise an aqueous continuous phase, one or more palygorskite-sepiolite group clays, one or more surfactants, aphrons and optionally one or more Aphron Stabilizers. The compositions of the present invention are capable of being used in high-pressure applications.

Abstract: Provided herein are settable spotting compositions that comprise cement kiln dust and associated methods of use. Also provided are methods that comprise providing a settable spotting composition comprising cement kiln dust; introducing the settable spotting composition into a well bore that penetrates the subterranean formation so as to displace at least a portion of a second fluid from the well bore.

Abstract: A method refines a lubricant comprising a compound having a perfluoropolyether structure via supercritical extraction. A lubricant is refined using the method and a magnetic recording medium that utilizes the refined lubricant. The refined lubricant exhibits excellent lubrication performance and long term stability in the magnetic recording medium. In one embodiment of the supercritical extraction, the lubricant contacts an extracting medium of supercritical carbon dioxide under a predetermined condition in a pressure vessel to remove ionic impurities and perfluoropolyether compounds having a weak polarity terminal group contained in the lubricant.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition useful for a diesel-powered engine is provided that reduces NOx emissions level produced from a diesel-powered engine. The lubricating oil comprises a base oil and at least one oil-dispersible source of HNCO such as isocyanates. A method of operating the diesel powered engine using the lubricating oil is also provided.

Abstract: A liquid preparation for a contact lens is provided, including at least one disinfectant selected from the group consisting of germicidal biguanides and germicidal quaternary ammonium salts (Component A), glycolic acid and/or asparatic acid (Component B), and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol or a salt thereof (Component C). Component B and Component C are provided in a sufficient amount to fulfill a predetermined molar ratio.

Abstract: This invention relates to a “high lower alcohol content” (>40% v/v of a C1-4 alcohol) liquid composition able to be either dispensed as a stable foam with the use of non-propellant foam dispensing devices from non-pressurized containers or as an alcohol gel composition which does not use thickener and gelling agents that leave undesirable deposits or a sticky after-feel and that has a final viscosity less than 4,000 cps. The liquid compositions comprise an alcohol, C1-4 (>40% v/v), a fluorosurfactant of at least 0.001% by weight to prepare a foamable composition or from 0–2.0% to prepare a gel-like composition of a final viscosity less than 4,000 cps, 0–10% w/w of additional minor components added to obtain the desired performance (a foamable composition or a gel-like composition with a viscosity less than 4,000 cps), and the balance being purified water.

Abstract: Recently, use is made of copper wiring as the wiring material for semiconductor devices, and of low dielectric constant films as the insulating film between the lines of wiring. In this connection, a photoresist stripper is in need which can inhibit corrosion or damage on the copper wiring or the Low-k film, and which has excellent property of removing ashed photoresist residues. The invention provides a photoresist stripper (hereinafter, referred to as the stripper of the invention) characterized in containing a tertiary amine compound, an alkaline compound, a fluoro compound, and an anionic surfactant; and a process for preparation of semiconductor devices using the stripper of the invention.

Abstract: Liquid cleaning and/or disinfecting composition which is separated into two phases at rest are combined and dispersed within each other upon shaking.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions useful for maintaining the clean impression of a carpet (that is, its scent and appearance) over an extended time despite occurrences that might damage the carpet surface. The composition, which includes an antimicrobial agent, an enzyme inhibitor, and an odor-reacting compound, can be used by a consumer to remove contaminants from the carpet and to prevent the odor associated with the decomposition of future contamination. Specifically, the composition has been shown effective in neutralizing odors associated with the decomposition of organic materials (such as urine or food spills) by absorbing and/or removing the odor-generating source. A manufacturing treatment composition and methods for using are also disclosed.

Abstract: Improved hard surface cleaning compositions having an acidic pH provide good removal of soap scum stains. Compositions of the present invention comprise an acidic constituent which comprises either citric acid alone or citric acid in combination with an acid selected from the group consisting of sorbic acid, acetic acid, boric acid, formic acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, glycolic acid, and mixtures thereof; at least one anionic surfactant; at least one thickener; at least one scrubbing agent; one or more optional constituents; and the balance water; wherein the aqueous hard surface cleaning composition exhibits a pH of 6.0 or less.

Abstract: An alkaline detergent composition is provided including a source of alkalinity and an effective soil removing amount of a nonionic surfactant blend. The nonionic surfactant blend includes a nonionic surfactant having a hydrophobic and an (EO) group and a nonionic silicone surfactant. The detergent composition provides for the removal of waxy-fatty soil.

Abstract: Detergent tablets are disclosed, which are characterized by containing surfactant granules, obtained by granulating and compacting anionic and/or non-ionic surfactants in the presence of dispersing agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a peptide fragment or a series of peptide fragments having a cell death-inhibitory activity, having the amino acid sequence consisting of 103 amino acid residues at the C-terminal of selenoprotein P, or having said amino acid sequence with one or several amino acid residues therein being deleted, substituted or added, or having a partial sequence of either of the above amino acid sequences, a medicament for treatment comprising said peptide fragment or a series of peptide fragments, an antibody to said peptide fragment or a series of peptide fragments, and a method for screening a cell death-inhibitory activity using said peptide fragment or a series of peptide fragments. The preferable peptide fragment or a series of peptide fragments of the present invention has the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 and/or SEQ ID NO: 2 or has a partial sequence thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved composition of copolymer-1 comprising copolymer-1 substantially free of species having a molecular weight of over 40 kilodaltons.

Abstract: A means and method for treating bacterial infection, providing antioxidant activity, and chelating copper using a copper binding compound produced by methanotrophic bacteria is described. The compound, known as methanobactin, is the first of a new class of antibiotics having gram-positive activity. Methanobactin has been sequenced, and its structural formula determined.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclopeptides, the method of their preparation and their utilization as inhibitors or activators of angiogenesis. These cyclopeptides comprise the following peptide sequence: -Arg-Ile-Lys-Pro-His-Gln-Gly- They can be used in systems for inhibition of angiogenesis that comprises a support (1), to which the cyclopeptide is affixed by means of an organic spacer arm (3) that may be provided with a moiety (4) capable of being spliced by an enzyme system.

Abstract: A gelling agent for an oil, which contains at least one compound (A) and at least one compound (B), and a gel composition containing the gelling agent and an oil: wherein R1 is a straight chain or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms, R2 is a straight chain or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 26 carbon atoms, R3 and R4 are each independently a straight chain or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 26 carbon atoms, and R5 is a straight chain or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention provides novel peptides that ameliorate one or more symptoms of atherosclerosis. The peptides typically range in length up to about 30 amino acids, comprise at least one class A amphipathic helix, and protect a phospholipid against oxidation by an oxidizing agent. The peptides are highly stable and readily administered via an oral route. The peptides are effective to stimulate the formation and cycling of pre-beta high density lipoprotein-like particles and/or to promote lipid transport and detoxification. In addition, the peptides inhibit osteoporosis. When administered with a statin, the peptides enhance the activity of the statin permitting the statin to be used at significantly lower dosages and/or cause the statins to be significantly more anti-inflammatory at any given dose.

Abstract: Compositions of the invention include composites comprising a biomaterial having compounds thereon with enhanced cell binding with respect to collagen. These composites are useful for soft and hard tissue repair or reconstruction and for in vitro uses. Suitable compounds with enhanced cell binding include synthetic peptides that mimic the conformation necessary for recognition and docking of collagen binding species (such as cell surface receptors for collagen and fibronectin) and have the amino acid residues -Ile-Ala-folded in a ?-bend.

Abstract: Compositions of plant carbohydrates for dietary supplements and nutritional support for promotion and maintenance of good health. Defined nutritionally effective amounts of one to eleven essential saccharides, glyconutrients, are used in various inventive compositions as dietary supplements. The dietary composition herein can include phytonutrients, vitamins, minerals, herbal extracts, and other non-toxic nutrients. The glyconutritional dietary supplement herein provides essential saccharides which are the building blocks of glycoproteins. These compositions, when administered orally or topically, have been found to improve the well being of mammals suffering from a variety of disorders.

Abstract: Novel lincomycin derivatives are disclosed. These lincomycin derivatives exhibit antibacterial activity. As the compounds of the subject invention exhibit potent activities against bacteria, including gram positive organisms, they are useful antimicrobial agents. Methods of synthesis and of use of the compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel lincomycin derivatives are disclosed. These lincomycin derivatives exhibit antibacterial activity. The compounds of the subject invention may exhibit potent activities against bacteria, including gram positive organisms, and may be useful antimicrobial agents. Methods of synthesis and of use of the compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Antisense compounds, compositions and methods are provided for modulating the expression of kinesin-like 1. The compositions comprise antisense compounds, particularly antisense oligonucleotides, targeted to nucleic acids encoding kinesin-like 1. Methods of using these compounds for modulation of kinesin-like 1 expression and for treatment of diseases associated with expression of kinesin-like 1 are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides the use of nucleic acid sequences and/or amino acid sequences in the preparation of a vaccine for the protection of fish against infectious salmon anaemia virus. Specifically, such vaccines contain at least one nucleic acid sequence which is derived from ISAV or synthetically prepared analogues thereof, or substantially homologous sequences. These nucleic acid sequences are transcripted and translated into peptide sequences which are incorporated into a vaccination strategy to induce and immune response to the surface antigens of ISAV and therefore ISAV itself. Therefore both the use of a vaccine against ISAV, and the incorporation of peptide sequences is herein described.

Abstract: This patent application discloses siRNA sequences against the constant region of the influenza virus nucleoprotein gene comprising: Sense strand: 5? UGAAGGAUCUUAUUUCUUCdTdT 3? (SEQ ID NO: 1) Anti sense strand: 3? dTdTACUUCCUAGAAUAAAGAAG 5? (SEQ ID NO: 2) Sense strand: 5? UGAAGGAUCUUAUUUCUUCGGdTdT 3? (SEQ ID NO: 3) Anti sense strand: 3? dTdTACUUCCUAGAAUAAAGAAGCC 5? (SEQ ID NO: 4) Sense strand: 5? GGAUCUUAUUUCUUCGGAGACdTdT 3? (SEQ ID NO: 5) Anti sense strand: 3? dTdTCCUAGAAUAAAGAAGCCUCUG 5? (SEQ ID NO: 6) said sequences being inhibitory against influenza virus in animals including humans. The invention further includes one or more of said siRNA sequences in the form of an aqueous suspension suitable for nasal inhalation. Still further, the invention includes one or more of said siRNA sequences in the form of a plasmid expressing intracellularly in animals including humans.

Abstract: Injuries to the central nervous system, particularly spinal cord injuries, are treated by administering a purine nucleoside or analog to the patient and, optionally, electrically stimulating the site of injury.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous Ifosfamide compositions and a process for their preparation, in which the compositions have a reduced toxicity over and above the concomitant use of the uroprotective agent, Mesna. Aqueous Ifosfamide compositions can be prepared at concentrations as high has 1,1000 mg/ml.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method of increasing muscle mass comprising administering phospholipid arachidonic acid to a human in need thereof.

Abstract: The invention includes pharmaceutically active compounds and methods of treatment and pharmaceutical compositions that utilize or comprise one or more such compounds. Compounds of the invention are particularly useful for treatment or prophylaxis of undesired thrombosis.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds that are quaternary amine derivatives of betulin and other triterpenes. The compounds have antibacterial, antifungal, and surfactant properties.

Abstract: New 17?-fluorosteroid compounds of formula (I) are disclosed: wherein R1 denotes H or methyl; R2 and R3 each denote H, Cl or methyl; and either a double bond or a single bond is present between C-6 and C-7 and also C-9 and C-10 of the steroid ring system respectively. These compounds have an activity profile with hybrid character so that they act as inhibitors for 5?-reductase and as high potency gestagens. Pharmaceutical compositions containing them are disclosed. They are suitable for treatment of conditions, which are caused by high levels of androgen in organs and tissues. These new compounds can be used in combination with other hormonal substances, such as estrogens, testosterone and other androgens, as contraceptives and for other applications.

Abstract: Modulating the metabolism of a dieting mammal by administering to the dieting mammal the metabolic modulating agent 7-oxo DHEA or a pro-drug thereof incapable of in vivo conversion to testosterone.

Abstract: The invention features pharmaceutically-active imidazopyridines and derivatives that are substituted with phenyl, methods of making them, and methods of using them.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel benzothiazine derivatives of Formula I useful as modulators of the AMPA sensitive glutamate receptors, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and their use in therapy.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions and methods that are useful in the treatment of inflammatory, immunoregulatory, metabolic, infectious and cell proliferative diseases or conditions are provided herein. In particular, the invention provides compounds which modulate the expression and/or function of proteins involved in inflammation, metabolism, infection and cell proliferation. The subject compounds contain a fused heterobicyclic ring.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I): wherein all variables are as defined herein, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, processes for preparing the same and their use as pharmaceutical agents.

Abstract: Use of a compound of formula (I): wherein each R, which are the same or different, is H or C1–C6 alkyl, and X completes a ring which is a substituted triazine having one of the following formulae (II) to (IV): wherein R? is H or C1–C6 alkyl; or an enol tautomer of a compound of formula (I) in which any of the groups R or R? is hydrogen; in the manufacture of a medicament for use as a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitor. Formula (I) embraces 2-methylfervenulone, which can be produced by fermentation of a novel microbial strain. Fermentation of the said strain also produces novel precursors to 2-methylfervenulone having utility as prodrugs.

Abstract: Novel methods for inhibiting angiogenesis and treating diseases associated with angiogenesis are described. The methods may comprise administering to a patient an effective amount of a 1,2-dithiol-3-thione derivative or metabolite thereof. Preferred compounds for use in the methods include 5-(2-pyrazinyl)-4methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione (Oltipraz) and its metabolites.

Abstract: Novel pyrazine compounds, including derivatives thereof, to intermediates for their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their medicinal use are described. The compounds of the present invention are potent inhibitors of transforming growth factor (“TGF”)-? signaling pathway. They are useful in the treatment of various TGF-related disease states including, for example, cancer and fibrotic diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor containing an azole compound (I) substituted by a nitrogen-containing aromatic group having substituent(s)(except a compound represented by the formula: ) or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds having the formula (I): useful in treating inflammatory and immune diseases, in which K and L are independently, O or S; Q is —C(?O)— or optionally substituted C1-6alkylene; Ar is optionally-substituted aryl or heteroaryl; J1, J2, J3 and Y are selected so that ring A is a five-to-six membered optionally-substituted cycloalkenyl or heterocyclo ring having 0 to 2 nitrogen heteroatoms; R1 is N or C(R9); and R2, and R3, are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions of matter, kits and methods for their use in the treatment of MAP kinase-related conditions and/or HMG-CoA reductase-related conditions. In particular, the invention provides compositions for treating inflammatory and/or cardiovascular conditions in an animal subject by inhibiting p38? MAP kinase and/or HMG-CoA reductase, as well as providing formulations and modes of administering such compositions. The invention further provides methods for the rational design of inhibitors of MAP kinase, HMG-CoA reductase, or both for use in the practice of the present invention.