Abstract: A method for preparing irbesartan and intermediates thereof.

Abstract: A process of preparing a compound of the formula (I) wherein B is chosen from OH, NH2, NHR, H or halogen; D is chosen from OH, NH2, NHR, H halogen or SCH3; R is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; and Z is selected from OH, hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, SQ or OQ, Q is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; or a tautomer thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or an ester thereof; or a prodrug thereof, which comprises reacting a compound of the formula (II) with an anion produced by abstraction of the bromine or iodine atom from a compound of formula (XIX), to form a compound of formula (XX) The compound of formula (XX) is N- and O-deprotected to obtain the compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention is constituted with crystal of 2-amino-3-cyano-4-methyl-5-(2-fluorophenyl)pyrrole, which show diffraction peaks at diffraction angles (2?±0.2 degree) of 10.3 degree, 14.3 degree, 15.5 degree, 15.9 degree, 25.1 degree and 25.7 degree in a powder X-ray diffraction spectrum, and also show absorption peaks at wavenumbers (cm?1, ±0.2%) of 3373, 3322, 2201, 762, 687 and 640 in an infrared absorption spectrum. The crystal of the present invention is superior in stability and is useful as a pharmaceutical bulk.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are described that include a semiconductor layer that comprises a perfluoroether acyl oligothiophene compound, preferably an ?,?-bis-perfluoroether acyl oligothiophene compound. Additionally, methods of making semiconductor devices are described that include depositing a semiconductor layer that contains a perfluoroether acyl oligothiophene compound, preferably an ?,?-bis(2-perfluoroether acyl oligothiophene compound.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I, wherein Y1, Y2, R1–R6, Q and Z are as defined herein, are vitamin D derivatives. These compounds are useful for, e.g., the treatment hyperprolifierative diseases of the skin, tumor diseases and precancerous stages, auto-immune diseases, rejection reactions in the case of autologous, allogenic or xenogenic transplants, AIDS, atopic skin conditions, secondary hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophia, senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus type II, degenerative diseases of the peripheral and central nervous system, hypercalcemias, granulomatous diseases, paraneoplastic hypercalcemias, hypercalcemias in hyperparathyroidism, hirsutism, ateriosclerosis, and/or inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: It is an object of this invention to provide a method for producing an ester by a transesterification reaction in which the reaction can be stably performed in a short time at a pressure approximately equal to normal pressure. The ester is produced by a transesterification reaction in which a starting material ester and an alcohol are brought into contact with a solid acid catalyst that displays the characteristics of a very strong acid in terms of the absolute value of argon adsorption heat ranging from 15 to 22 kJ/mol. In particular, it is preferable that the starting material ester in a liquid phase and alcohol in a vapor phase be brought into contact with the solid acid catalyst, and that the starting material ester be oil or fat, and the alcohol be methanol or ethanol.

Abstract: The invention pertains to an aqueous solution of a sodium salt xNa+ yH+ of the chelating compound of formula I: wherein x=2.1–2.7, y=0.9–0.3, and x+y=3. The invention further pertains to a container comprising at least 0.5 kg of said aqueous solution and to a method of preparing an aqueous solution comprising at least 45 wt % of the sodium salt xNa+ yH+ of the chelating compound of formula I from Na3-HEDTA, comprising the steps of electrodialysing an aqueous solution containing less than 42 wt % of Na3-HEDTA using a bipolar membrane, thereby converting the trisodium salt solution to the solution of the sodium salt of formula I with x=2.1–2.7, y=0.9–0.3, and x+y=3.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing organosilanes of the general formula 1 R3Si—R?,??(1) in which hydrosilanes of the general formula 2 R3Si—H??(2) are reacted with halohydrocarbons of the general formula 3 R?—X??(3) where R are monovalent C1–C18 hydrocarbon radicals, hydrogen or halogen, R? are monovalent C1–C18 hydrocarbon radicals and X is halogen, in the presence of a free-radical initiator which is selected from alkanes, diazenes and organodisilanes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing methyl 2-diphenylmethylsulfinylacetate (MDMSA) comprising the steps of: (i) conversion of benzhydrol into methyldiphenylmethylthioacetate (MDMTA); and (ii) conversion of methyldiphenylmethylthioacetate (MDMTA) into methyl-2-diphenylmethylsulfinylacetate by oxidation, according to the following sequence: benzhydrol?MDMTA?MDMSA.

Abstract: A compound of the formula [I] wherein R1 is optionally substituted aryl group or optionally substituted heteroaryl group; R2 is optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl group, C3-7 cycloalkyl group and the like; R3 is hydrogen atom, C1-6 alkyl group, hydroxyl group and the like; R4 is hydrogen atom, C1-6 alkyl group and the like; R5 and R6 are each C1-6 alkyl group and the like; R7 is optionally substituted aryl group or optionally substituted heteroaryl group; X1, X2 and X3 are each C1-6 alkylene group and the like; and X4 and X5 are each a single bond, methylene group and the like, a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound, particularly a calcium receptor antagonist and a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis, are provided.

Abstract: The invention includes selected novel optically active ?-amino ketones which either are themselves useful or are intermediates for the preparation of known ketomethylene pseudopeptides useful as antibiotics, antibiotic enhancers, or enzyme inhibitors. Further, the present invention provides a method for dehydrogenation/asymmetrical hydrogenation to obtain essentially pure antipodes of ketomethylene pseudopeptides having two chiral centers.

Abstract: Process for carboxy-alkylation, particularly carboxymethylation, of branched alcohols includes the reaction of isoalcohols with potassium-t-butoxide or sodium-t-butoxide and with salt of halogenated alkanoic acid in the presence of the isoalcohol (starting alcohol) as the solvent. Produced are isoalcohol carboxy-alkylates (preferably, carboxymethylates) in excellent yields and purity.

Abstract: Process for producing an alkyl carboxylate, comprising contacting in an oxidation reaction zone a C2 to C4 alkane, a molecular oxygen-containing gas, the corresponding alkene and optionally water, in the presence of at least one catalyst active for the oxidation of the alkane to the corresponding alkene and carboxylic acid, to produce a first product stream comprising alkene, unreacted alkane, carboxylic acid and water; separating in a first separation means at least a portion of the product stream produced in the oxidation reaction zone into a gaseous stream comprising alkene and unreacted alkane and a liquid stream comprising carboxylic acid and water; and separating by chemical treatment at least a portion of the gaseous stream obtained from the first separation means into respective streams rich in alkene and alkane; wherein the chemical treatment comprises the steps of: (1) contacting the alkene/alkane gaseous stream with a solution of a metal salt capable of selectively chemically absorbing the alkene t

Abstract: In a process for preparing isocyanates by reacting the corresponding primary amines with phosgene in an inert solvent, use is made of from 0.01 to 50 mol % of a sulfonamide, based on the total amount of primary amine and isocyanate formed in the reaction solution.

Abstract: A method for making the phosphonium sulfonate salt of generic formula (1): wherein each X is independently a halogen or hydrogen, provided that the molar ratio of halogen to hydrogen is greater than about 0.90; p is 0 or 1 and q and r are integers of 0 to about 7 provided that q+r is less than 8 and that if p is not zero then r is greater than zero; and each R is the same or different hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, the method comprising combining in an aqueous medium a compound of generic formula (2): wherein M is Li or Na, and X, q, p, and r are as defined above, with a stoichiometric excess of a compound of the generic formula (3): (R)4P-Z??(3) wherein Z is a halogen and R is as defined above; and separating the product of formula (1) from the medium.

Abstract: In a process for heterogeneously catalyzed partial gas phase oxidation of propene to acrolein, the starting reaction gas mixture is oxidized over a fixed catalyst bed which consists of at least two fixed catalyst bed zones and is accommodated in two successive temperature zones A, B, and the transition from temperature zone A to temperature zone B does not spatially coincide with a transition from one fixed catalyst bed zone to another fixed catalyst bed zone.

Abstract: A process for the long-term operation of a two-stage heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase partial oxidation of propene to acrylic acid, in which the temperature of the fixed catalyst beds is increased over the time and the gas phase partial oxidation is interrupted from time to time and an oxygen-containing gas mixture is conducted through the fixed catalyst beds at elevated temperature of the fixed catalyst beds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to preparing lactic acid derivatives that are useful as odorants and monomers for polymer synthesis.

Abstract: Substituted 4-aminocyclohexanols, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and to the use of substituted 4-aminocyclohexanols in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of various indications, especially pain as well as the treatment of these indications.

Abstract: Disclosed are multibinding compounds which are ?2-adrenergic receptor agonists and are useful in the treatment and prevention of respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis. They are also useful in the treatment of nervous system injury and premature labor.

Abstract: Dinitroaniline compounds useful for the treatment of diseases caused by parasitic protozoa in subjects in need of such treatment. The compounds are particularly useful in the treatment of leishmaniasis. The compounds are preferably less cytotoxic to normal cells than oryzalin. Also provided are methods of treating subjects having diseases caused by parasitic protozoa, preferably humans.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for the production of a specific crystal modification of a polymorphic, organic substance by precipitation of the specific crystal modification from the aqueous solution of the salt of the polymorphic substances using ordinary water-soluble organic solvents as additives as well as an acid or base.

Abstract: A process is proposed for distillatively working up an aqueous composition which comprises 1,1,2.2-tetramethoxyethane, glyoxal dimethyl acetal and methanol, wherein the workup of this composition is carried out in a dividing wall column to form low boiler, medium boiler and/or high boiler fractions, and a dividing wall is disposed in the longitudinal direction in the dividing wall column to form an upper common column region, a lower common column region, a feed section having rectifying section and stripping section and a withdrawal section having stripping section and rectifying section, and the aqueous composition is fed into the middle region of the feed section.

Abstract: The invention discloses a hydrogenation process for removing impurities and controlling acid for use in downstream processing of biochemically-derived 1,3-propanediol. Preferably, the biochemically-derived 1,3-propanediol, before the contacting, has an initial color and, after the contracting, has a color that is lower than the initial color.

Abstract: A antimicrobial compound, compositions containing the same, and method of using the same for reducing the presence of microorganism on a substrate or in a fluid environment comprising an antimicrobial effective carrier and at least one antimicrobial compounds including non-halogenated phenyl substituted phenol compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing trimethylolpropane having a low APHA color number.

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to the production of alcohols. A first aspect of the invention relates to a process for production of alcohols, and in particular to a process for the catalytic hydration of an olefin to the corresponding alcohol in substantially anhydrous form, under selected mild reaction conditions, and using a selected catalyst. A second aspect of the invention relates to a process for dehydration of an azeotropic mixture, including a first alcohol and water. A hydration reaction between the water in the azeotropic mixture and an added olefin, under selected mild conditions, and using a selected catalyst, produces a product including a second alcohol corresponding to the olefin, and the first alcohol, in substantially anhydrous form.

Abstract: E and Z isomers of alkene alcohols and/or alkene alcohol derivatives are separated by substantially continuously contacting an ion exchange medium which is ion exchanged with silver and/or copper ions with the feed stream comprising the E and Z isomers of at least one alkene alcohol and/or at least one alkene alcohol derivative, then removing a product stream having a higher concentration of the E or Z isomer of at least one alkene alcohol or derivative of the alkene alcohol relative to the concentration of the E or Z isomer of the alkene alcohol or derivative of the alkene alcohol in the feed stream.

Abstract: In a process for preparing p-dichlorobenzene by nuclear chlorination of benzene and/or chlorobenzene as the starting material with chlorine molecules, chlorination is carried out using aluminum chloride in an amount of 0.1–3 millimols per mol of the starting material and phenothiazines such as 10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylic acid phenyl ester in an amount of 0.1–0.9 mols per mol of aluminum chloride so as to be a chlorination degree in a range of 1.2–2.5, by which p-dichlorobenzene can be obtained in a high para-selectivity and a short reaction time.

Abstract: Phase-selective soluble polymer supports for catalysts are described. The catalysts utilize polystyrene copolymers having enhanced solubility in nonpolar solvents. Other catalysts of the invention utilize polyisobutylene supports. Methods of catalyzing chemical reactions using latent biphasic solvents are also disclosed.

Abstract: In order to recover hydrogen from a hydrogen-rich gaseous effluent, a procedure is used that comprises: in a stage (a), bringing a hydrocarbon-rich gaseous effluent into contact with the upstream face of a hydrogen-selective membrane at a pressure P1; in a stage (b), bringing a flow containing one or more unsaturated compound(s) into contact with the downstream face of a membrane at a pressure P2, which is smaller than P1, in the presence of a catalyst, to hydrogenate at least a portion of the unsaturated compound(s) using at least a portion of the hydrogen that passes by permeation through the upstream face to the downstream face of the selective membrane; and in a stage (c), transporting a flow containing the hydrogenated compound(s) into stage (b).

Abstract: A reactive-adsorptive protective material having an activated carbon adsorbent for adsorbing chemical impurities, wherein nanoparticular entities are loaded into and onto a surface of said activated carbon adsorbent to further impart chemically reactive and biocidal properties onto the activated carbon for providing protection against chemical and biological agents in the atmosphere. Advantageously, a superior reactive-adsorptive material is provided having the ability to kill microorganisms in addition to the ability to neutralize and decompose chemical substances, while at the same time not diminishing the adsorptive/reactive capabilities and effectiveness of either the substrate carbon or the loaded nanoparticular entities used.

Abstract: A chemical-reaction inducing means is provided in an exhaust line connecting a processing space for subjecting a substrate or a film to plasma processing to an exhaust means, and at least either an unreacted gas or byproduct exhausted from the processing space are caused to chemically react without allowing plasma in the processing space to reach the chemical-reaction inducing means, thereby improving the processing ability of the chemical-reaction inducing means to process the unreacted gas or byproduct.

Abstract: A disposable wearing article comprises a liquid-pervious topsheet, a liquid-impervious backsheet and a liquid-absorbent panel interposed between the top- and backsheets. The backsheet is formed by a breathable and hydrophobic first fibrous nonwoven fabric layer underlying the panel, a breathable and liquid-impervious plastic film underlying the first fibrous nonwoven fabric layer and a breathable and hydrophobic second fibrous nonwoven fabric layer underlying the film. In a zone occupied by the panel, the first fibrous nonwoven fabric layer is intermittently joined to an under surface of the panel by means of a hot melt adhesive and the film is intermittently joined to the first fibrous nonwoven fabric layer by means of the hot melt adhesive.

Abstract: In general, the invention features a method for selecting a transgenic grapevine or grapevine component having increased resistance to a grapevine fanleaf disease. The method involves (a) transforming a grape plant cell with a grapevine fanleaf virus coat protein nucleic acid molecule or fragment thereof which is expressed in the plant cell; (b) regenerating a transgenic grapevine or grapevine component from the plant cell; and (c) selecting a transgenic grapevine or grapevine component expressing a grapevine fanleaf virus coat protein or coat protein fragment thereof, where the coat protein or the coat protein fragment thereof is expressed at a level equal to or less than an optical density of about 0.2 at 405 nm as detected by an enzyme-linked immunoassay as compared to a control plant, the selected transgenic grapevine or grapevine component having resistance to the grapevine fanleaf disease.

Abstract: Novel isolated plant polynucleotide promoter sequences are provided, together with genetic constructs comprising such polynucleotides. Methods for using such constructs in modulating the transcription of DNA sequences of interest are also disclosed, together with transgenic plants comprising such constructs.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for regulating expression of heterologous nucleotide sequences in a plant. Compositions are novel nucleotide sequences for a seed-preferred promoter and terminator isolated from the maize legumin 1 coding region. A method for expressing a heterologous nucleotide sequence in a plant using the regulatory sequences disclosed herein is provided. The method comprises transforming a plant cell to comprise a heterologous nucleotide sequence operably linked to one or more of the regulatory sequences of the present invention and regenerating a stably transformed plant from the transformed plant cell.

Abstract: This invention relates to a reproducible system for the production of stable, genetically transformed maize cells, and to methods of selecting cells that have been transformed. One method of selection disclosed employs the Streptomyces bar gene introduced by microprojectile bombardment into embryogenic maize cells which were grown in suspension cultures, followed by exposure to the herbicide bialaphos. The methods of achieving stable transformation disclosed herein include tissue culture methods and media, methods for the bombardment of recipient cells with the desired transforming DNA, and methods of growing fertile plants from the transformed cells. This invention also relates to the transformed cells and seeds and to the fertile plants grown from the transformed cells and to their pollen.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety, designated 96M20. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety 96M20, to the plants of soybean 96M20, to plant parts of soybean variety 96M20 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean variety 96M20 with another soybean plant, using 96M20 as either the male or the female parent. This invention also relates to methods for introgressing a transgenic or mutant trait into soybean variety 96M20 and to the soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean varieties or breeding varieties and plant parts derived from soybean variety 96M20, to methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety 96M20 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated SG0850RR is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar SG0850RR, to the plants of soybean SG0850RR, to plant parts of soybean cultivar SG0850RR and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar SG0850RR with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety SG0850RR, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar SG0850RR and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar SG0850RR with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated I082216. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety I082216, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety I082216 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety I082216 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line. The invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety I082216.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated I285291. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety I285291, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety I285291 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety I285291 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line. The invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety I285291.

Abstract: A novel hybrid maize variety designated 33G58 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize lines. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety 33G58 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into 33G58 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the hybrid seed 33G58, the hybrid plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and trivial modifications of hybrid 33G58. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize lines derived from hybrid maize variety 33G58 and to the maize lines derived by the use of those methods.

Abstract: A stringed instrument, such as a guitar, includes an ergonomically configured body with a fret board extending therefrom. The body is configured with a S or Z-shaped cross-sectional ration transverse to the fret board to provide support for the arm of the instrumentalist as strings are fingered against the fret board and another sector which comprises a lap support instrument.

Abstract: A bass drum beater may include a shaft having a length, a beater head fixable to a selected position along the length, and a connector engageable to the beater head and to the shaft to secure the position. The beater head may form an angle with respect to the shaft and the angle may be adjustable along a range, which may be about 20 degrees to either side of perpendicular. A bass drum beater may also include a shaft, a beater head having a drumward side and a hole to engage the shaft, a beater face attachable to the drumward side, and a means for holding the beater head in a longitudinal position and an angular position with respect to the shaft, wherein the longitudinal position and the angular position are adjustable. The means may include a bushing around the hole and a screw engaging the bushing.

Abstract: Systems (100 or 300) and methods (400 or 500) are provided for selecting a post-compression waveform from a post-compression waveform table (106) and supplying it to a synthesis engine (108). The post-compression waveform is based upon a set of post-compression coefficients determined by generating a frequency-domain representation of a periodic signal, the representation including at least one pre-compression frequency-domain sample (204), and performing a threshold-based compression of the pre-compression frequency-domain samples. Systems and methods also include indexing and storing (502) post-compression coefficients in a post-compression coefficient table (102), generating (506) a post-compression waveform based upon the set of post-compression coefficients, and placing (508) the post-compression waveform in the table prior to the selecting (510).

Abstract: A lightweight structure for space application is deployable from a compact bundle of interconnected struts into a plurality of tiled substantially rectangular bays. Each bay preferably comprises four or six hinged strut members having substantially rectangular cross sections, such that a solar or other suitable blanket may be compactly nested within the bundled struts. In one aspect of the invention, the blanket is attached to two opposed strut members of a six-member strut bundle, such that the blanket is unfolded during deployment of the strut bundle into a substantially rectangular bay. In another aspect of the invention, the blanket is attached to, and held against, a single strut in a strut bundle. After the strut bundle is deployed into a substantially rectangular bay, the blanket is spread across the bay via a cable mechanism or other deployment mechanism.

Abstract: A phase separation jig (100) for a superconducting cable includes: a cable holder (10) maintaining each core (80) of a multi-core superconducting cable (2) in a predetermined tolerable bending manner; and a coupler (20, 30) holding the cable holder (10) for each core (80) at a predetermined spacing with each other. Each core (80) is spaced apart from each other and maintained in a tolerable bending manner by the holder (10). Accordingly, a phase separation structure can be obtained which can regulate deformation of the cable and prevent abnormal deformation even for a superconducting cable.

Abstract: A noise filter providing a simplified construction and capable of being used regardless of a diameter of a cable or a numbers of cables. The noise filter includes a core-holding section for holding a core, first and second cable-guiding sections, and two coupling sections coupling the first and second cable-guiding sections to ends of the core-holding section. The first and second cable-guiding section have truncated conical shape, and each divided into the four parts by a first to fourth slits arrayed in cruciform shape whose crossing position is coincident with an imaginary apex of the cable-guiding section. The coupling section has first to fourth circumferential elongated slots in communication with the proximal ends of the first to fourth slits.

Abstract: The apparatus for conductively connecting a plurality of wires together in a waterproof manner includes a non-conductive connector housing having opposing ends. Wire guides are included at each end of the connector housing. A conductive pin is disposed within the housing, and typically supported within an internal wall. Opposing membranes disposed within the connector housing define a chamber which at least partially encases the electrical pin and contains a liquid sealant. Insertion of wires into the open ends of the connector housing and into contact with the pin punctures the membranes causing the liquid sealant to leak out and bond around the electrical wire and pin causing a conductive connection which is waterproof.