Abstract: In an optical recording method used when information is recorded in a phase-change recording layer of a large-capacity rewritable optical recording medium such as a DVD-RW, one block pulse is used as a recording pulse for forming one recording mark when a recording velocity is higher than a recording linear velocity at which the rewritable optical recording medium can be rewritten, whereas a pulse train comprised of a plurality of short pulses is used as the recording pulse for forming one recording pulse when the recording velocity is within recording linear velocities at which the rewritable optical recording medium can be rewritten, whereby high-velocity recording is realized.

Abstract: An information recording apparatus (300) is provided with: a recording device (352) for recording record information into a first or second recording layer by irradiating thereon laser light; a first controlling device (354) for controlling the recording device to record the record information into a first object area of the second recording layer which faces a recorded area of the first recording layer; and a second controlling device (354) for controlling the recording device to record the record information into a second object area of the second recording layer which faces an unrecorded area of the first recording layer smaller than a predetermined width, out of an unrecorded area whose both ends are adjacent to the recorded area.

Abstract: A removable media battery pack for supplying power to a media accessor of an automated data storage library. A media shell of the removable media battery pack has a structural configuration operable to be physically engaged by a media shell gripper of the media accessor. A rechargeable battery of the removable media battery pack is disposed within the media shell. A media shell interface of the removable media battery pack is integrated with the media shell and coupled to the rechargeable battery to provide power to the media accessor.

Abstract: An optical reading apparatus with aberration-correcting functionality includes a light source, a lens, a liquid crystal layer and an electrode set. The light source of the optical reading apparatus emits light, which is converged onto a storing medium by the lens for accessing data stored in the storage medium. The liquid crystal layer is disposed in an optical path between the light source and the storage medium. The electrode set provides a variable electrical field across the liquid crystal layer for changing the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer. Aberration of the optical reading apparatus can thus be corrected.

Abstract: A liquid crystal lens element is provided, which does not produce change of transmission wavefront regardless of polarization state of incident light when it is off-state at a time of no voltage application, and which exhibits concave lens function for extraordinarily polarized incident light when it is on-state at a time of voltage application.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus comprising: a diffraction grating including a first grating for diffracting a first laser light beam, and a second grating for diffracting a second laser light beam which is shorter in wavelength than the first laser light beam, the diffraction grating being disposed in a common optical path for guiding the first laser light beam and the second laser light beam to an optical disc; and a photo detector including in a first light receiving area, a main light receiving unit, a front sub-light receiving unit, and a rear sub-light receiving unit that receive reflected light beams, which are reflected by the optical disc, of a main beam, of a front sub-beam, and of a rear sub-beam, respectively, the first laser light beam being diffracted by the diffraction grating into the main beam, the front sub-beam formed in front of the main beam, and the rear sub-beam formed at the back of the main beam, wherein the first grating is set such that the front sub-light receiving unit and the rear sub

Abstract: In an optical disk apparatus, transmittance and reflectance of a polarization beam splitter 13 to the S polarization and the P polarization of laser beams are adjusted so that a first polarization component level ratio in the laser beam received by a light receiver for reproducing signal 17 from a laser diode 11 via the polarization beam splitter 13, and a second polarization component level ratio in the laser beam received by a light receiver for monitoring light source 18 from the laser diode 11 via the polarization beam splitter 13 become equal or the difference between the first and the second polarization component level ratios becomes within a predetermined permissible range.

Abstract: Provided is a device which can reduce waveform distortion of a laser drive signal caused by impedance mismatching between a laser drive device and a semiconductor laser over a wide band, and which can enhance the power efficiency of higher frequency superposition during reproduction. The output impedance of the laser drive device and the line impedance of a transmission line between the laser drive device and the semiconductor laser are controlled so as to attain impedance matching in a predetermined frequency band. Specifically, the laser drive device is provided thereto with an output impedance control circuit for controlling the output impedance in order to change the impedance of a laser drive device output terminal, depending upon an impedance of the semiconductor laser and an impedance of the transmission line.

Abstract: An optical disk storing write-once information usable for protecting the copyright of the software by preventing the duplication, unauthorized use, etc., of the software. In the optical disk, a recording layer (213) is formed on a disk substrate (211) with a dielectric layer (212) inbetween. Then, an intermediate dielectric layer (214) and a reflecting layer (215) are successively laminated upon the recording layer (213), and an overcoat layer (216) is formed on the surface of the reflecting layer (215). A plurality of BCA (one of write-once identification information systems) sections (220a and 220b) are recorded by lowering the vertical magnetic anisotropy of the recording layer (213). At the time of reproduction, the write-once information is detected from differential signals.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a data processing method. The method includes reading management information indicative of a playback and display procedure, acquiring a content from a certain storage position at a timing determined based on the management information, and performing playback and display of the content at a timing determined based on the management information.

Abstract: An optical disc includes an annular substrate, a coating layer, and a compensation sheet. The annular substrate has a supporting portion, a recording portion surrounding the supporting portion, and a recording surface corresponding to the recording portion. The coating layer is formed on the recording surface for recording data. The compensation sheet is attached to the annular substrate so that the coating layer is sandwiched between the annular substrate and the compensation sheet, and that the thickness of the optical disc at the recording portion is the same as the thickness of the optical disc at the supporting portion, wherein the data read/write is performed from the compensation sheet side of the optical disc by a driving device. A method of fabricating the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of noise variance estimation to be performed by a user equipment is proposed, comprising steps of: receiving a signal vector containing training sequence and noise vector transmitted via at least one transmission path; estimating the channel impulse response of each transmission path to construct a channel impulse response matrix, according to the signal vector; calculating the noise variance of the signal vector according to the channel impulse response matrix and the signal vector if the channel impulse response remains mainly unchanged during the special time duration of the training sequence.

Abstract: A transceiver which effectively cancels interference caused by a component (e.g., driver) of a transmitter (contained in the transceiver). The input and output signals of the component are examined to estimate the magnitude of the interference, and the interference is canceled according to the estimate. Accordingly, the component need not be implemented with high accuracy/precision.

Abstract: When a terminal is moved to an area covered by a different switching node RNC of a radio access network, degradation of speech quality is prevented by returning a transcoder insertion connection to a transcoder-free-operation connection. When the terminal is moved and the switching node RNC of the radio access network is changed, a relocation is performed by inserting the transcoder, re-confirmation of parameter information of a bandwidth-compression coding system is requested for a local side switching node RNC and a remote side switching node RNC and, when the transcoder can be bypassed according to the confirmation, the transcoder is removed to return to the transcoder-free-operation connection mode.

Abstract: The claimed subject matter relates to analyzing performance of a transmitter. This can be accomplished, for instance, through partitioning a super frame into a plurality of segments, and thereafter estimating and correcting phase with respect to at least one of the plurality of segments. Thereafter, additive noise can be determined with respect to the at least one segment. For instance, the super frame can include multiple OFDM symbols, and the transmitter can be a FLO transmitter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for partitioning resource spaces, and allocating physical channels and power in an OFDMA-based cellular system. A resource within a slot is partitioned into resource spaces in common in a plurality of adjacent cells, and the partitioned resource spaces are partitioned into resource sets according to sizes of physical channels in the adjacent cells. The physical channels classified by predetermined characteristics are respectively assigned to the partitioned resource sets within the resource space. Further, the resource space for transmitting traffic channels between two different cells is partitioned into resource spaces so that the traffic channels in the same subspace may be collided with each other, and a power control is applied between the collided channels to control the interference from the adjacent cells.

Abstract: Disclosed is method of adaptive transmission in an OFDM system with multiple antennas. The adaptive transmission scheme includes an STBC, BLAST, and combined STBC/BLAST. By estimating channel environment, the method selects the proper transmission scheme among the STBC, BLAST, and STBC-BLAST. Therefore, the method has an advantage of each technique, e.g. diversity gain or high transmission rate. By using the method, the reliable and high data-rate communications are achieved.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided with an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) transmission apparatus, including: a subcarrier modulator configured to perform subcarrier modulation on a data sequence to generate subcarrier modulated signals; an IFFT unit configured to perform IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) processing on the subcarrier modulated signals to generate a first OFDM symbol having a length corresponding to the number of FFT points at the IFFT processing; a symbol length shortener configured to obtain a part of the generated first OFDM symbol as a second OFDM symbol; and a transmitter configured to transmit the second OFDM symbol obtained to an other communication apparatus.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a method of generating digital multi-carrier frequency division multiplexing (FDM) signals, the signals comprising FDM symbols having pilot symbols, wherein at least one FDM symbol has pilot symbols which are non-equidistantly spaced in frequency. Other embodiments of the invention relate to a method of processing multi-carrier frequency division multiplexing (FDM) signals, the method comprising the following steps: a) demodulating digital multi-carrier FDM signals, said signals being comprised of FDM symbols having pilot symbols, the pilot symbols of at least one FDM symbol being non-equidistantly spaced in frequency, b) replacing, on a sub-carrier basis, at least one data symbol with a pilot symbol, whereby the replacement yields a spacing of pilot symbols which is equidistant in frequency for all FDM symbols.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a scheme is disclosed for managing network traffic load upon outage of a network node disposed in a wireless packet data network, wherein the network node is adapted to serve a substantially large number of mobile nodes using respective data connections. Upon encountering an outage-causing condition, the network node releases the data connections and generates session termination messages for transmission to the mobile nodes. Responsive to receiving the session termination messages, the mobile nodes variably delay their data session reconnect requests based on randomization.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a scheme is disclosed for managing network traffic load upon outage of a network node disposed in a wireless packet data network, wherein the network node is adapted to serve a substantially large number of mobile nodes using respective data connections. Upon encountering an outage-causing condition, the network node releases the data connections and determines to suppress generation of session termination messages that would have otherwise been generated for transmission to the mobile nodes.

Abstract: A method for implementing a redundant structure of an ATCA system via a base interface of a network system based on an ATCA standard, and the ATCA system for use in the same are disclosed. Each of routing protocol shelves and LI shelves includes two ports connected to two IPC paths provided from the base interface, such that a representative IP address is assigned to a single port to be used, performs IPC communication using the representative IP address. If a port error or link-down state occurs, the representative IP address is assigned to the other port, resulting in the implementation of stable IPC communication. If the port error or link-down state occurs in an active-mode ShMC shelf, an IPC path passing through a standby-mode ShMC shelf is provided.

Abstract: Virtual channels are used to improve quality of service through a large port count switch. Data frames are sent from one small switch to another small switch within the large port count switch on virtual channels. The use of virtual channels helps prevent congestion caused by a first external source device sending data to a first external destination device from affecting a second external source device sending data to a second external destination device.

Abstract: A base node (100) and a base node (101) transmit a keep alive frame broadcast by a relay node forming a communication medium (106) and a communication medium (107) from a port 1 and a port 2, monitor an arrival state of the keep alive frame at each port, and in normal operation, assume the two communication media connected to the port 1 and the port 2 as one node to expand a communication band and at failure detection, continue communication by using only a communication medium connected to a port at which no failure is detected.

Abstract: A signal divider 1 can be miniaturized in which divided signals do not interfere with each other and, at the same time, DC power does not creep into each other. Since a signal dividing circuit 11 is a lumped constant circuit and each element can be made as a chip element, the signal divider 1 can be miniaturized. A division ratio of divided signal output from a first division output terminal OUT1 and a second division output terminal OUT2 can be set by a circuit A and a circuit B. Since a circuit C is connected in parallel with a series circuit composed of the circuit A and the circuit B to produce resonance at a usage frequency, a sufficient amount of isolation between the first division output terminal OUT1 and the second division output terminal OUT2 can be guaranteed. DC power supplied from the first division output terminal OUT1 and the second division output terminal OUT2 can be prevented from creeping out by the capacitors C2, C4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a terminal device and to a scheduling method and device for scheduling data transmission over a plurality of channels in a data network. A predetermined parameter, e.g. a TFC value, indicating a channel capacity in a received data stream of at least one of the plurality of channels is monitored, and a request for change of the maximum channel capacity allocated to the at least one of the plurality of channels is determined, if the value the monitored predetermined parameter falls outside a predetermined allowed range. The terminal device is configured to set a predetermined parameter indicating a channel capacity to a value outside the predetermined allowed range in order to request a change of the maximum channel capacity. Thereby, an explicit capacity request signaling from the data source to the scheduling functionality can be avoided without introducing additional latency, and physical layer resources can be increased for improved data transmission.

Abstract: A method for implementing varying service quality grades in a network switch is provided, comprises the steps of: classifying a plurality of users of the network switch into a plurality of service quality grades according to a contributing factor of the plurality of the users; connecting each of the plurality of users to the network switch via one of a plurality of ports of the network switch according to its service quality grade; determining an original priority of a packet in the network switch; and determining an adjusted priority of the packet according to both the original priority of the packet and a priority adjustment table of an ingress port of the packet. Each of the plurality of ports has a corresponding priority adjustment table, and each of the priority adjustment tables includes a mapping relationship between the original priority and the adjusted priority.

Abstract: A system for managing communications with a provider is disclosed. A provider includes a provider binding. A requestor requests a requested binding. An intervening access node is in electronic communication with the provider and the requestor. The intervening access node includes program instructions stored in memory and implementing a method for managing communications with a provider. The provider binding is received from the provider. The provider binding is stored. A request signal sent from the requestor specifies the requested binding. It is determined whether the requested binding is provided by the provider. The request signal is sent to the provider only if it is determined that the requested binding is provided by the provider.

Abstract: A digital object may be routed via a network. Routing of a digital object may be based in part on link quality on the network and/or a desired level of quality and/or service.

Abstract: A system and method are provided that are operable for network communications that promote network devices to receive a transmit request, transmit a first part of a frame by a physical layer without a second part of the frame from a medium access control layer, and request the second part of the frame by the physical layer from the medium access control layer. These systems and methods also allow, in some embodiments, for the transmitting of the second part of the frame by the physical layer with data from the medium access control layer.

Abstract: A system and method for providing group communication services is disclosed. Each of a plurality of group communication devices coverts media, such as video, audio, image and/or data into data packets suitable for transmission over a data network, such as the Internet. The data packets are selectively transmitted through the data network to a communications manager. The communications manager acts as a configurable switch, allowing communications from any communication device to be selectively routed to the plurality of communication devices based on the types of the communication devices and/or the requests received from the corresponding users. The communications manager further allows users of other communication systems and devices to participate in group communications with each other.

Abstract: In a portable Internet system, packets are classified into a first packet classified as a transport connection identifier (CID) and a second packet that is not classified as a transport CID by using an established packet classification rule. An application program of the second packet is searched from a plurality of application programs by using the header information of the second packet in the portable Internet system. QoS parameter information for the searched application program is obtained from a plurality of QoS parameter informations corresponding to the plurality of application programs.

Abstract: A method for processing packets of a VLAN in a network switch is provided. The VLAN comprises a plurality of physical LANs and are divided into a plurality of subnets. The method comprises the steps of: receiving a packet through an ingress port of the network switch, wherein the packet is tagged with a VID of the VLAN; finding a VLAN member according to the VID, wherein the VLAN member represents all ports of the network switch dedicated to serving packets of the VLAN; finding a forwarding scope according to the ingress port, wherein the ingress port is one of the ports dedicated to serving packets of a first subnet of the VLAN and the forwarding scope represents all ports of the network switch dedicated to serving packets of the first subnet; and determining an egress port of the packet according to both the VLAN member and the forwarding scope.

Abstract: When updating a data record identified by a version number, the problem exists that a simple not equal to comparison or greater than comparison is often insufficient for ascertaining the up-to-date nature of the newly received data record, particularly if the data record is transmitted to a receiving station via an unsecured data link and the version number originates from a limited range which is repeatedly run through periodically. The invention solves the problem by virtue of the fact that it divides the range of values of the version number into the ranges “old” and “new”, on the basis of the current value of a version number. The periodicity with which the range of values is run through is taken into account in this case, however. That is to say that the range “old” or the range “new” may perfectly well include the jump from the highest value in the range of values to the lowest value in the range of values.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods and apparatus for providing a flow control system for traffic flow in a wireless mesh network based on traffic prioritization are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A system and method for improving a current wireless communication route, between a source node and a destination node in an on-demand wireless communication network, enables the current communication route to be improved even when the current route has not failed. The method includes analyzing at a local node a packet transmission from the source node, the packet transmission comprising a current route metric (step 705). The local node then determines that it can provide an improved wireless communication route, between the source node and the destination node, having a better route metric than the current route metric (step 710). A route improvement message is then transmitted from the local node to the source node (step 740).

Abstract: Flows admitted to a mesh node may be controlled through contention access parameters. The admitting node may determine a desired transmission opportunity duration, and a transmission opportunity frequency. Furthermore, the node may achieve the flow rate and delay bound requirements of the admitted flow based at least in part upon the desired transmission opportunity duration, and the transmission opportunity frequency. The data rate and the access frequency of the admitted node may be monitored at the physical access level. The flow rate requirement may be accomplished based at least in part upon an adjustment to the transmission opportunity duration. The delay bound requirement may be accomplished at least in part upon manipulation of the contention access parameters. The transmission opportunity duration and the access parameters may be determined by the upstream admitting nodes, which may reduce congestion near mesh portals, and accomplish increased data transfer.

Abstract: A congestion control access gateway and a congestion control method for the same are provided. The congestion control access gateway interfaces between a broadband convergence network and a ubiquitous sensor network including sensors and terminals. The congestion control access gateway receives data from the ubiquitous sensor network. When a congestion situation has occurred, the congestion control access gateway detects the congestion situation based on data received in the congestion situation and broadcasts congestion notification and control messages in response to the congestion situation detection. The congestion control access gateway generates a congestion situation detection profile as a result of the congestion situation detection and performs priority queuing of the received data based on the congestion situation detection profile and service classes.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for routing traffic through a virtual router-based network switch. According to one embodiment, a method for routing packets in a router includes establishing a flow data structure, which identifies a packet flow through a virtual router in the router. When a packet is received, a comparison is performed between a subset of at least one packet header associated with the packet and a subset of the flow data structure. If the subset of the packet header matches the subset of the flow data structure, then the packet can be hardware accelerated to a network interface. Otherwise, the packet may be either dropped or forwarded to a general purpose processor for processing.

Abstract: A network element receives data intended for another destination and develops corresponding accounting information. This network element then process this accounting information with respect to at least one filter criterion as correlates to a target accounting information recipient to provide corresponding filtered accounting information. The network element then forwards this filtered accounting information to the target accounting information recipient.

Abstract: A system for detecting and correcting an error in session between a client and a host over a network. When the system receives an indication of an error in a session, the system determines an error correction modification to the configuration of the session to correct the error. The system then implements the error correction modification to the configuration of the session and continues the session.

Abstract: A network fault detection apparatus, which detects L2 loops due to L3 bridge connections, is provided. A network fault detection apparatus acquires physical addresses corresponding to the network addresses of at least two nodes among the plurality of nodes constituting a network, and by detecting the existence of a plurality of physical addresses for network addresses of the two nodes, and detecting the existence of a physical address common to network addresses thereamong, detects an L2 loop caused by an L3 bridge connection, which induces a network fault.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing the capacity of a wireless network (100, 300) including a plurality of access points (APs) (106, 305) and a plurality of nodes (200), at least one of said nodes (200) and at least one of said APs (106, 305) including multiple radios (310), the method comprising: (i) determining the routing metrics to one of said APs through each radio interface that is common between one of the nodes and that AP; (ii) selecting the radio interface whose routing metrics meet a desired criteria for packet stream transmission between the at least one node and the AP; and (iii) transmitting at least one packet stream from the node to the AP through the selected radio interface.

Abstract: Partial-parallel implementation of LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) decoder. A novel approach is presented by which a selected number of cycles is performed during each of bit node processing and check node processing when performing error correction decoding of an LDPC coded signal. The number of cycles of each of bit node processing and check node processing need not be the same. At least one functional block, component, portion of hardware, or calculation can be used during both of the bit node processing and check node processing thereby conserving space with an efficient use of processing resources. At a minimum, a semi-parallel approach can be performed where 2 cycles are performed during each of bit node processing and check node processing. Alternatively, more than 2 cycles can be performed for each of bit node processing and check node processing.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for verifying connectivity between monitoring points (MPs) within a network. The method comprises assigning, to each monitoring point, a unique MP ID and a unique sender MP ID and a unique receiver MP ID. Each sender MP ID uniquely identifying a sender MP from which a corresponding MP will receive valid monitoring messages. Each receiver MP ID uniquely identifying a receiver MP to which the corresponding MP transmits a valid monitoring message. The method further includes transmitting the monitoring messages MP ID in a unidirectional monitor cycle through the MPs, where each monitoring message includes a sender MP ID and a receiver MP ID. The method determines connectivity at each MP based on the sender and receiver MP IDs in a monitoring message received at the MP. Optionally, the method and system may report, from a monitoring point, a loss of connectivity when no valid monitoring message is received at the monitoring point for a predetermined number of monitor intervals.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method, a network element and a computer program product for monitoring the quality of a real-time communication (9) in a packet network (1) comprising at least two test points (3, 4). A packet stream pattern (22) is accessed and injected at a first test point (3). After transmission of the packet stream pattern (22) through the packet network (1), a degraded packet stream pattern (23) is received at a second test point (4). Characteristics of the degraded packet stream pattern (23) are determined and compared with corresponding characteristics of the packet stream pattern (22) injected at the first test point (3). Based on the comparison, data concerning quality degradation caused by transmission over the packet network (1) is evaluated.

Abstract: A method of providing a quality-guaranteed service on a converged network and a network apparatus using the method are provided. The method includes: receiving a request of a quality-guaranteed service from a user terminal and providing information on the service quality of at least one adjacent network apparatus; receiving service information, including service-quality-information selected by the user terminal in the provided service-quality-information and content information, from the user terminal and transmitting the service information and a traffic-collection-start message to an adjacent network apparatus providing the selected service-quality-information; and transferring a traffic stream received from the adjacent network apparatus, to the user terminal. According to the method and apparatus, a quality-guaranteed service can be provided through a converged network.

Abstract: An objective, service-level specific voice call listening quality test scheme for a Voice Over IP (VOIP) network is presented. Test probes are deployed along the border of the VOIP network. Each test probe is capable of placing calls over the VOIP network to the other test probes at different levels of service and measuring call quality using an objective measurement algorithm such as PAMS or PSQM. The measurement results are collected on an ongoing basis to obtain information on the VOIP network's voice call quality. The information is compared to thresholds to measure performance against Service Level Agreement guarantees.

Abstract: A communication system determines a delay variation between at least a first link and a second link. The communication system routes user communications over the first link if the delay variation is within a maximum threshold. The communication system routes the user communications over the second link if the delay variation exceeds the maximum threshold.

Abstract: The invention concerns a network element (1) for setting up wireless networks (3), a corresponding network (4) and a method of setting up wireless networks and of wireless data exchange between network elements (1) and/or network users (2), wherein the network element (1) has a transmitting/receiving unit (12) for wirelessly transmitting and receiving data, a control unit (11) for controlling the processing of data and a data memory (15).