Abstract: The present invention relates to a pulse valve (10) with a closing body (18) that cooperates with a valve seat (22) and, in a first switching position, establishes a flow connection between a supply channel (12) and a discharge channel (14) and, in a second switching position, blocks the flow connection. The closing body (18) periodically alternates between the two switching positions during the actuation of the pulse valve (10), its movement being hydraulically damped by a throttle point (70). It is provided that the hydraulic damping occurs only in a subrange of motion (62).

Abstract: A solenoid valve includes: a moving core; a coil for generating magnetic force that attracts the moving core; a stator that forms a magnetic circuit in cooperation with the moving core and attracts the moving core; and a cup-shaped member disposed at the inner periphery of the stator and on the outer periphery of the moving core. The cup-shaped member reciprocatably supports the moving core, and restricts hydraulic fluid leakage from the moving core side to the outer periphery side. A collar made of a soft magnetic material, disposed so as to face a face on the stator side in the axial direction of the moving core, and forming a magnetic circuit in cooperation with the moving core and the stator.

Abstract: A bobbin and a magnetic transmitting/receiving stator are positioned by fitting two positioning projections provided for a bobbin flange into two positioning holes formed in a stator flange. The positioning hole has a circular shape and the positioning projection has a flat oval shape which matches a diameter part of the circular shape so that a resin-passing gap is formed between the shapes. Since the resin-passing gap plays the role equivalent to the role of a resin passing hole, the total number of positioning holes and the resin passing holes can be reduced, and magnetic flux passing through the stator flange can be prevented from decreasing. Since a post-forming resin flows through the resin-passing gap in the positioning part, the flow of the post-forming resin can be made uniform in the whole periphery, and occurrence of poor molding can be restricted.

Abstract: A linear solenoid is disclosed that includes a coil that generates magnetic force due to transmission of current therethrough. The linear solenoid also includes a plunger with an end face, a stator that movably supports the plunger, and a yoke including a bottom face. Furthermore, a biasing member is included that biases the plunger in a first direction along the axis. The stator magnetically attracts the plunger when current is transmitted through the coil so as to move the plunger in a second direction along the axis opposite to the first direction. Also, when current transmission through the coil is stopped, the biasing member biases the plunger to abut the bottom face of the yoke at least one abutted portion. Also a non-contact portion is included between the abutted portions where the plunger and the stator are spaced away from each other in the direction of the axis.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for calibrating, mechanically adjusting, or calculating a drive current of an electromagnetically operable actuator. The actuator controls the flow of a fluid responsive to the differential pressure. The indicator of the influencing of the pressure caused by the actuator can be determined in advance by the intensity of the electric actuation of the actuator even without the use of pressure sensors, with one or more actuator-related characteristic curves, characteristic fields, or parameters KGind for the actuator being taken into account so that via these parameters a nominal flow G can be adjusted in a defined fashion in dependence on the current intensity I, and the actuator-related parameters are established automatically without using pressurizations of the actuator.

Abstract: A ceramic material includes first and second ceramic materials. The first ceramic material has a perovskite structure and defines a host lattice. The first ceramic material contains lead, zirconium and titanium, e.g., lead zirconate titanate. The second ceramic material has a cryolite structure. The ceramic material may be part of a piezo-actuator containing ceramic layers formed of the ceramic material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for preparing a stable suspension of carbon nanoparticles in a thermal transfer fluid to enhance thermal conductive properties, viscosity, and lubricity. One process is to disperse carbon nanoparticles directly into a thermal transfer fluid and other additives in the present of surfactants with intermittent ultrasonication. The second process is carried out in three stages. First, carbon nanoparticles are dispersed into a volatile solvent. Then, a thermal transfer fluid, surfactants, and other additives are added into this intermediate dispersion and mixed thoroughly. At last, the volatile solvent is removed to produce a uniformly dispersed nanofluid. The third process is to disperse carbon nanoparticles at an elevated temperature into a homogeneous mixture of surfactants and other additives in a thermal transfer fluid with help of a physical agitation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a stable suspension of carbon nanoparticles in a hydrophilic thermal transfer fluid to enhance thermal conductive properties and other characteristics such as freezing point of an antifreeze coolant. The process involves the step of dispersing carbon nanoparticles directly into a mixture of a thermal transfer fluid and other additives in the present of surfactants with intermittent ultrasonication. The present invention also relates to the composition of a hydrophilic nanofluid, which comprises carbon nanoparticles, particularly carbon nanotubes, a hydrophilic thermal transfer fluid, and at least one surfactant. Addition of surfactants significantly increases the stability of nanoparticle dispersion.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions comprising nanorods and methods of making and using the same. The inclusion of nanorods can enhance the thermal conductivity of a heat-transfer medium.

Abstract: An aqueous heat transfer fluid comprising a C3 carboxylate freezing point depressant, either solely or in combination with C3-C5 carboxylate freezing point depressants, in combination with C6-C16 organic acid salt corrosion inhibitors, provides an antifreeze/coolant composition wherein the corrosion inhibitors exhibit uniquely enhanced solubility, especially at low temperatures, in synergistic combination with the selected carboxylate freezing point depressants.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition having a high voltage holding ratio and low viscosity is provided. More particularly, provided is a liquid crystal composition comprising: 10-90% by weight of one or more compounds of Type I having formula: 1-40% by weight of one or more compounds of Type II having formula: 1-50% by weight of one or more compounds of Type III having formula: and 0-40% by weight of one or more compounds of Type IV having formula: wherein in the formulas, Z is a direct bond or ethylene; n=1,2; m=0,1 and n+m >1; R and R? are optionally substituted alkyl groups with from 1-7 carbons in the chain, where the alkyl groups may be straight chain or branched, and the optional substituents are one or more hydrogens can be replaced with one or more F or D atoms, and one or more carbon atoms can be replaced with —O—; and X, Y are selected from the group consisting of: F, H, Cl and trifluoro methyl (—CF3) groups.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency red light emitting phosphor and white light emitting phosphor for using in a display or lighting which high-efficiently emits light in combination with a light source which emits light in the region from near-ultraviolet light to visible light. The present invention relates to a phosphor having a crystal phase having a specified chemical composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a zinc oxide phosphor characterized by emitting visible light with a broad emission spectrum close to white, and a process for producing the same. A powder prepared by adding a plurality of additives to zinc oxide and heat-treating the resulting mixture is further hydrogenated to improve the luminous efficiency of the zinc oxide phosphor. The zinc oxide phosphor providing a broad emission spectrum covering a wavelength range over substantially the entire visible region can be applied to a white diode, a white vacuum fluorescent display, and a fluorescent paint.

Abstract: Durable elastomeric polyurea coatings can be applied to metal surfaces subjected to impacts and environmental corrosion. Corrosion resistance of the coatings, especially on magnesium alloy surfaces, is improved by incorporation of particulate inhibitor additives in the liquid polyurea precursor coating material. Examples of inhibitors include potassium dichromate, sodium dichromate, potassium permanganate, vanadium pentoxide, phosphorus anhydride, cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, calcium oxide and sodium oxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal/plastic hybrid and to a shaped body produced therefrom. By combining metallic additives in plastic, it has been shown for the first time that specific volume resistances of less than 10?2 ?cm can be realized while the compounds have, at the same time, a good processability during the injection molding process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nano-composite material comprising fully separated nano-scaled graphene platelets (NGPs) dispersed in a matrix material, wherein each of the platelets comprises a sheet of graphite plane or multiple sheets of graphite plane and has a thickness no greater than 100 nm and the platelets have an average length, width, or diameter no greater than 500 nm. The graphene plates are present in an amount no less than 15% by weight based on the total weight of the platelets and the matrix material combined. Typically, the nanocomposite is electrically conductive with a bulk conductivity no less than 10 S/cm and more typically no less than 100 S/cm. Highly conductive NGP nanocomposites are particularly useful for fuel cell flow field plate (bipolar plate) and battery electrode applications. Nanocomposites with high NGP proportions can be used in automotive friction plates and aircraft brake components.

Abstract: An electroplated composite coating is deposited on a substrate using an electroplating solution that includes metal cations of a metallic matrix to be deposited and carbon nanotubes. The composite coating includes the metallic matrix and carbon nanotubes disposed in the matrix to improve coating mechanical and tribological properties.

Abstract: Polymers with low band gaps and high charge mobility, as well as related systems, methods and components are disclosed.

Abstract: The conductive paste contains a conductive metal powder and an organic vehicle. The conductive paste has characteristics that the viscosity falls within the range of 200 Pa·s to 350 Pa·s when the shear rate of 10s?1 is applied and within the range of 80 Pa·s to 120 Pa·s when the shear rate of 40s?1 is applied under 25° C. and magnitudes of a storage elastic modulus G? and a loss elastic modulus G? are reversed when distortion applied to the conductive paste at the frequency of 1 Hz is varied from 0 to 20%.

Abstract: Carbon nanotubes and metal particle-containing carbon nanotubes are provided. The carbon nanotubes have increased surface area. A method of cutting carbon nanotubes is also provided. According to the method, the dispersion properties of the carbon nanotubes are improved by simplifying the structural changes and/or surface modifications of the carbon nanotubes, thereby enabling insertion of an active substance into the inner walls of the carbon nanotubes and increasing the insertion efficiency.

Abstract: A resin composition includes an alicyclic structure-containing polymer; a hindered amine compound; and a releasing agent, wherein the releasing agent and the alicyclic structure-containing polymer satisfy the following relationship: 10?|s1?s21?0.8 [(MPa)0.5], wherein s1 represents a solubility parameter of the releasing agent, and s2 represents a solubility parameter of the alicyclic structure-containing polymer. The resin composition can be used as optical materials, such as a lens, a diffraction grating, and a prism, especially in the field of using blue laser, and has excellent releasability, transparence and colorless property as well as excellent resistance to laser.

Abstract: Time temperature indicators are disclosed which comprise at least one carrier material and one aggregachromic indicator dye and which respond to the combined effects of temperature and time with an easily measurable, time-temperature dependent, irreversible, color change. The invention also discloses to methods to produce such time-temperature indicators and materials therefore. Also, the devices disclose methods for determining the time/temperature history.

Abstract: An anti-scorch composition for flame-retarded flexible polyurethane foams, comprising, in combination, one or more antioxidant agents, together with one or more salt(s) of an organic acid.

Abstract: An adjustable prying bar includes a prying head having an arcuate body, a flat tipped lower end a lug at upper end wherein the lug has a circular depression and an inverse stop ring on upper portion and inner thread on lower portion, a handle rotatably engaged with the upper end of the prying head having flat front end with a hexagon hole therein engaged within the lug of the prying head, and a checking mechanism including an upper cover, a lower cover, a hexagon plate and a spring separately engaged with the lug and the hexagon hole of the handle wherein the hexagon plate has a stop ring engageable with stop ring of the lug. Thereby, the angle between the prying head and the handle enables to adjust for larger or smaller than 90 degrees.

Abstract: A motorized lift for an electronic display includes a reversible electric motor operably coupled to a first shiftable column and a second shiftable column, the coupling to the first column being direct and the coupling to the second column being indirect whereby operation of the electric motor in a first rotational direction acts to simultaneously extend the first and second columns and operation of the electric motor in a second and opposite rotational direction acts to simultaneously retract the first and second columns. A method of operating a motorized lift for an electronic display is further included.

Abstract: An elastomeric fence includes a plurality of posts each including at least one recess on either side, the recess having two opposite first members; a plurality of rails each at its either half portion including two opposite second members adapted to matingly engage with the first members when the post and the rail are connected together, and a beveled edge proximate either end; and a plurality of folding members each including two units pivotably coupled together, each unit including at its one end two opposite third members adapted to matingly engage with the first members when the post and the folding member are connected together, and a beveled edge proximate either end. The fence can be easily assembled and is rot proof, rust proof, simple in construction, and lightweight.

Abstract: A decorative post includes an elongated outer polymer shell having at least one longitudinal groove extending a majority of a length of the elongated shell sized and shaped to hold a decorative fence panel. The decorative fence post also includes an elongated reinforcing member disposed in the outer polymer shell, and substantially extending a length of the fence post. A foam filler is disposed inside the outer polymer shell between the shell and the reinforcement member. An aperture is disposed in the outer polymer shell near an end of the reinforcing member, and a void extends from the aperture into the foam filler adjacent to and exposing an end of the reinforcing member. The void defines a slip zone at the end of the reinforcing member into which the reinforcing member extends as the outer shell shrinks longitudinally during post mold cooling.

Abstract: A post and rod linking device for a railing includes a lateral rod, a post and a U-shaped elastic member. The elastic member is deposited in each of two ends of the lateral rod, having a protrusion respectively on two ends. The protrusion faces and exposes out of a hole of the lateral rod by the elastic member, The post has an insert hole for each end of the lateral rod to fit there in, with the protrusions of the elastic member pressed inward and extending out of the holes after the lateral rod is inserted in the hole of the post and stopped by the post wall so that the lateral rod is linked with the post immovable. The end of the lateral rod has a recess, which has a vertical surface, and the distance between the vertical surface and the protrusion is equal to the thickness of the post wall so the post wall is clamped by the elastic member to stabilize the linking of the post with the lateral rod.

Abstract: A phase change memory element and method of forming the same. The memory element includes first and second electrodes. A first layer of phase change material is between the first and second electrodes. A second layer including a metal-chalcogenide material is also between the first and second electrodes and is one of a phase change material and a conductive material. An insulating layer is between the first and second layers. There is at least one opening in the insulating layer providing contact between the first and second layers.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a sub-feature size pillar structure on an integrated circuit. The process first provides a substrate having formed thereon a phase change layer, an electrode layer and a hard-mask layer. Then there is formed a feature-size hard-mask, by lithographically patterning, etching and stripping a photoresist layer, followed by trimming the hard-mask to a selected sub-feature size, wherein the trimming step is highly selective between the electrode and phase change material layers and the hard-mask. The final steps are trimming the electrode and phase change layers to the size of the hard-mask and removing the hard-mask.

Abstract: A non-volatile method with a self-aligned RRAM element. The method includes a lower electrode element, generally planar in form, having an inner contact surface. At the top of the device is a upper electrode element, spaced from the lower electrode element. A containment structure extends between the upper electrode element and the lower electrode element, and this element includes a sidewall spacer element having an inner surface defining a generally funnel-shaped central cavity, terminating at a terminal edge to define a central aperture; and a spandrel element positioned between the sidewall spacer element and the lower electrode, having an inner surface defining a thermal isolation cell, the spandrel inner walls being spaced radially outward from the sidewall spacer terminal edge, such that the sidewall spacer terminal edge projects radially inward from the spandrel element inner surface.

Abstract: Dummy cells are disposed in alignment with memory cells arranged in rows and columns in a memory array. The memory cell includes a variable resistance element and a select transistor having a collector connected to a substrate region and selecting the variable resistance element in response to a row select signal. Corresponding to a row of memory cells, there is provided a word line connecting to memory cells on corresponding row and transmitting the row select signal, and a word line shunting line electrically connected at predetermined intervals to each word line. Moreover, corresponding to a row of dummy cells and a column of dummy cells, there is provided substrate shunt lines electrically connected to the substrate region. The voltage distribution in the substrate region is eliminated to achieve stable operating characteristics of the memory cell transistor. In addition, a word line is driven at high speed by a word line shunt structure.

Abstract: In a fabrication method according to the present invention, a first insulating film and tungsten plugs are formed over a substrate including a logic section and a memory section. An upper portion of one of the tungsten plug located in a memory section is removed, thereby forming a recess. A resistance heating element film covering side and bottom surfaces of the recess and a storage element film filling the recess with the resistance heating element film interposed between the storage element film and the plug are formed. Then, a Cu interconnect is formed on the storage element film. Thus, it is possible to make the process step of forming the resistance heating element film and the storage element film have higher consistency with a logic process.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is a technique to inspect defects in mask blanks. A first iris diaphragm is located at an illumination source to limit an illumination angle of light emitted from the illumination source. A scattering limit unit is located at exit of a dark field optical unit to limit scattering angle of the light scattered after reflecting from a mask blank. A defect analyzer is optically coupled to the dark field optical unit to generate an angular distribution of the scattered light. The angular distribution is used to characterize criticality of a defect found on the mask blank.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device comprises: a first cladding layer provided on a substrate, the first cladding layer being made of nitride semiconductor of a first conductivity type; an active layer provided on the first cladding layer, the active layer being made of a quantum well structure using nitride semiconductor; and a second cladding layer provided on the active layer, the second cladding layer having a ridge waveguide and being made of nitride semiconductor of a second conductivity type. The first cladding layer is made of AlZGa1-ZN having an aluminum composition ratio Z of 0.04 or less and has a thickness of not less than 1.6 ?m.

Abstract: A dual band photodetector for detecting infrared and ultraviolet optical signals is disclosed. Aspects include homojunction and heterojunction detectors comprised of one or more of GaN, AlGaN, and InGaN. In one aspect ultraviolet/infrared dual-band detector is disclosed that is configured to simultaneously detect UV and IR.

Abstract: A substrate-free light emitting diode (LED) including an epitaxy layer, a conductive supporting layer, and a first contact pad is provided. The epitaxy layer includes a first type doped semiconductor layer, a light emitting layer, and a second type doped semiconductor layer. The light emitting layer is disposed on the first type doped semiconductor layer, and a portion of the first type doped semiconductor layer is exposed. The second type doped semiconductor layer and the conductive supporting layer are sequentially disposed on the second type doped semiconductor layer. The first contact pad is disposed on the exposed first type doped semiconductor layer and electrically connected thereto. The first contact pad and the conductive supporting layer serving as an electrode are disposed on the same side of the epitaxy layer to avoid the light shielding effects of the electrode to improve the front light emitting efficiency of the LED.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a poled superlattice comprising a plurality of stacked groups of layers and having a net electrical dipole moment. Each group of layers of the poled superlattice may include a plurality of stacked semiconductor monolayers defining a base semiconductor portion and at least one non-semiconductor monolayer thereon. The at least one non-semiconductor monolayer may be constrained within a crystal lattice of adjacent base semiconductor portions, and at least some semiconductor atoms from opposing base semiconductor portions may be chemically bound together through the at least one non-semiconductor monolayer therebetween. The electronic device may further include at least one electrode coupled to the poled superlattice.

Abstract: A thin film transistor of the present invention is a thin film transistor (100) having a semiconductor layer (14), a source region (15) and a drain region (16) provided to be isolated from each other so as to mutually oppose the semiconductor layer. The semiconductor layer has ?-conjugated organic semiconductor molecules as its main component. The ?-conjugated organic semiconductor molecules are oriented so that ? orbitals substantially oppose each other and that the molecular axis of the main chains is oriented to be inclined with respect to a direction of electric field in a channel formed in the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: Active, electrical, electronic and optoelectronic components and structures are fabricated to include composites containing electrically conductive nanostructures as part thereof. These nanostructures include nanowires, nanofibres, nanoribbons, nanoplates or nanotubes as single structures or an assembly of multiple structures. They are composed of carbon or other conductive materials.

Abstract: A transistor is provided comprising: a substrate; a gate electrode; a semiconducting material not located between the substrate and the gate electrode; a source electrode in contact with the semiconducting material; a drain electrode in contact with the semiconducting material; and a dielectric material in contact with the gate electrode and the semiconducting material; wherein the semiconducting material comprises: 1-99.9% by weight of a polymer having a dielectric constant at 1 kHz of greater than 3.3; 0.1-99% by weight of a functionalized pentacene compound as described herein.

Abstract: A backplane circuit includes an array of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs), each OTFT including a source contact, a drain contact, and an organic semiconductor region extending between the source and drain contacts. The drain contacts in each row are connected to an address line. The source and drain contacts and the address lines are fabricated using a multi-layer structure including a relatively thick base portion formed of a relatively inexpensive metal (e.g., aluminum or copper), and a relatively thin contact layer formed of a high work function, low oxidation metal (e.g., gold) that exhibits good electrical contact to the organic semiconductor, is formed opposite at least one external surface of the base, and is located at least partially in an interface region where the organic semiconductor contacts an underlying dielectric layer.

Abstract: A method is described for self-aligning a bottom electrode in a phase change random access memory PCRAM device where a top electrode serves as a mask for self-aligning etching of the bottom electrode. The bottom electrode has a top surface that is planarized by chemical mechanical polishing. The top electrode also has a top surface that is planarized by chemical mechanical polishing. A bottom electrode layer like TiN is formed over a substrate and prior to the formation of a via during subsequent process steps. A first dielectric layer is formed over the bottom electrode layer, and a second dielectric layer is formed over the first dielectric layer. A via is formed at a selected section that extends through the first and second dielectric layers.

Abstract: A composition, comprising organic polymer molecules, and organic nonpolymeric molecules, wherein the composition is a semiconducting solid. The composition includes a distribution of crystal domains of the polymer molecules and inter-domain regions between the crystal domains, a concentration of polymer molecules being higher in the crystal domains than in the inter-domain regions, and a concentration of nonpolymeric molecules being higher in the inter-domain regions than in the crystal domains.

Abstract: A junction structure of an organic semiconductor device including an organic semiconductor layer, a conductive layer and a modifying layer is provided. The modifying layer is formed between the organic semiconductor layer and the conductive layer, wherein the modifying layer includes an inorganic compound or an organic complex compound. An organic thin film transistor including a gate, a source/drain, a dielectric layer, an organic semiconductor layer and at least a modifying layer is also provided. The gate is electrically isolated from the source/drain. The dielectric layer is disposed between the gate and the source/drain. The organic semiconductor layer is disposed between the source and the drain. The modifying layer is disposed between the organic semiconductor layer and the source/drain, wherein the modifying layer includes an inorganic compound or an organic complex compound.

Abstract: An organic TFT that has an improved contact between source and drain electrodes and an organic semiconductor layer, a method of manufacturing the same, and an organic light emitting display device having the organic TFT are disclosed. The organic TFT includes a substrate, a gate electrode disposed on the substrate, a gate insulating film covering the gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode disposed on the gate insulating film, a peel-off preventive layer disposed on the gate insulating film to contact at least a portion of end surfaces of the source and drain electrodes, and an organic semiconductor layer that contacts the source and drain electrodes.

Abstract: A dual panel type organic electroluminescent display device includes first and second substrates and a plurality of pixel regions and a plurality of power supply terminals at upper and lower sides of the plurality of pixel regions thereon, and further includes a plurality of dummy pixel regions each having substantially the same structure as each pixel region in the plurality of power supply terminals.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device. In embodiments, the method may include forming a gate electrode on the semiconductor substrate, forming a pattern having a groove at the edge of the gate electrode and performing an etching process using the pattern as a mask, so that a groove extending from the edge of the gate electrode to LDD is formed, forming an ion diffusion barrier on the substrate having the gate electrode and the groove obtained through the previous step, implanting low-density ions onto the diffusion barrier, forming a spacer at edge of the gate electrode, and implanting high-density ions onto the substrate using the spacer and the gate electrode. A problem that may be caused by ion-implantation or diffusion process may be solved so that the hot carrier effects are improved, thereby improving the reliability of the semiconductor device.

Abstract: An organic thin film transistor (OTFT) array panel includes a substrate, a data line formed on the substrate, a source electrode connected with the data line, a drain electrode, including a portion facing the source electrode, an insulating layer formed on the source electrode and the drain electrode and having an opening and a contact hole, an organic semiconductor positioned in the opening and at least partially contacting the source electrode and the drain electrode, a gate insulator formed on the organic semiconductor, a stopper formed on the gate insulator, a gate line crossing over the data line and including a gate electrode formed on the stopper, and a pixel electrode connected to the drain electrode through the contact hole.

Abstract: An improved display substrate is provided to reduce surface defects on insulating layers of organic thin film transistors. Related methods of manufacture are also provided. In one example, a display substrate includes a base, a plurality of data lines, a plurality of gate lines, a pixel defined by the data lines and the gate lines, an organic thin film transistor, and a pixel electrode. The data lines are on the base and are oriented in a first direction. The gate lines are oriented in a second direction that crosses the first direction. The organic thin film transistor includes a source electrode electrically connected to one of the data lines, a gate electrode electrically connected to one of the gate lines, and an organic semiconductor layer. The pixel electrode is disposed in the pixel and electrically connected to the organic thin film transistor. The pixel electrode comprises a transparent oxynitride.