Abstract: Devices formed of or including biocompatible polyhydroxyalkanoates are provided with controlled degradation rates, preferably less than one year under physiological conditions. Preferred devices include sutures, suture fasteners, meniscus repair devices, rivets, tacks, staples, screws (including interference screws), bone plates and bone plating systems, surgical mesh, repair patches, slings, cardiovascular patches, orthopedic pins (including bone filling augmentation material), adhesion barriers, stents, guided tissue repair/regeneration devices, articular cartilage repair devices, nerve guides, tendon repair devices, atrial septal defect repair devices, pericardial patches, bulking and filling agents, vein valves, bone marrow scaffolds, meniscus regeneration devices, ligament and tendon grafts, ocular cell implants, spinal fusion cages, skin substitutes, dural substitutes, bone graft substitutes, bone dowels, wound dressings, and hemostats.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for stripping residual volatile compounds contained in a thermoplastic polymer. The process comprises (1) forming the polymer in the form of a melt flowing as a main stream, (2) forming a foaming agent in the form of one or more secondary liquid streams, (3) adding the secondary stream(s) to the main stream by spraying so as to divide each secondary liquid stream into several fractional streams and thus to form a polymer melt/foaming agent pre-mixture, (4) introducing the pre-mixture into a static mixer, then into an expansion chamber at reduced pressure so as to separate the polymer melt from the residual volatile compounds and from the foaming agent, and (5) withdrawing the polymer melt from the expansion chamber. The invention also relates to an apparatus for removing residual volatile compounds contained in a thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel human gene that is differentially expressed in human carcinoma. More specifically, the present invention relates to a polynucleotide encoding a novel human polypeptide named C35 that is overexpressed in human breast and bladder carcinoma. This invention also relates to C35 polypeptides, as well as vectors, host cells, antibodies directed to C35 polypeptides, and the recombinant methods for producing the same. The present invention further relates to diagnostic methods for detecting carcinomas, including human breast carcinomas. The present invention further relates to the formulation and use of the C35 gene and polypeptides in immunogenic compositions or vaccines, to induce antibody or cell-mediated immunity against target cells, such as tumor cells, that express the C35 gene. The invention further relates to screening methods for identifying agonists and antagonists of C35 activity.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compositions of morphogenic proteins constituting soluble forms of these proteins, antibodies that distinguish between soluble and mature forms, and method for producing these morphogenic proteins and antibodies.

Abstract: Peptides having, as constitutive amino acids, (1) 4 glutamine residues, 1 glutamic acid residue, 1 serine residue, 2 valine residues, 1 isoleucine residue and 5 leucine residues, and having a 3-hydroxydecanoyl group bonded, via an amide linkage, to the N-terminal leucine residue thereof; (2) 4 glutamine residues, 1 glutamic acid residue, 1 serine residue, 3 valine residues, and 5 leucine residues, and having a 3-hydroxydecanoyl group bonded, via an amide linkage, to the N-terminal leucine residue thereof; or (3) 4 glutamine residues, 1 glutamic acid residue, 1 serine residue, 2 valine residues, 1 isoleucine residue and 5 leucine residues, and having a 3-hydroxydodec-5-enoyl group bonded, via an amide linkage, to the N-terminal leucine residue thereof. The peptides have an antiviral activity. A strain capable of producing the above peptides and belonging to a new species of genus Pseudomonas.

Abstract: PEG-LHRH analog conjugates, where a PEG moiety is covalently bound to a serine residue of a LHRH analog, and methods for producing these conjugates are provided in the present invention. Also provided are a pharmaceutical composition and a method for treating pathologies in which LHRH analog administration is beneficial.

Abstract: A process for removing ruthenium or ruthenium-containing compounds from a reaction mixture comprising a compound of the following formula I in an organic solvent using supercritical fluid processing techniques: wherein RA, R3, R4, D and A are as defined herein. This invention has particular application for removing ruthenium-containing catalyst and ruthenium-containing catalyst by products from reaction mixtures that result from ring-closing olefin metathesis (RCM) reactions.

Abstract: A GPR7 ligand containing the same or substantially the same amino acid sequence as the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 wherein the N-terminal amino acid residue may optionally be brominated, is useful in developing a receptor-binding assay system with the use of the GPR7 expression system, in screening a candidate compound for a drug such as an antiobestic, etc.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to peptide analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1, the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, to methods of using such analogues to treat mammals and to pharmaceutical compositions useful therefor comprising said analogues.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel membrane translocating full-length peptide sequence, fragment, motif, derivative, analog or peptidomimetic thereof (MTLPs), to nucleotide sequences coding therefor, and to compositions comprising a MTLP-active agent complex and a MTLP-active particle complex. The MTLP or the nucleotide sequence coding therefor enhance movement of the active agent or of the active particle across a lipid membrane. More particularly, the present invention relates to a MTLP-active agent complex and a MTLP-active particle complex, wherein the MTLP enhances uptake of the active agent into a cell, into or out of an intracellular compartment and across a cell layer. Methods of making and methods of using MTLPs also are included.

Abstract: By using a bioluminescence, a method for detection of a monovalent cation is provided and the method is a high sensitive and simple method. According to the present invention, an amino acid sequence of symplectin and a base sequence encoding the protein are provided. Symplectin is a photoprotein derived from Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis (okinawan squid). By using the photoprotein of the present invention, a monovalant cation can be detected by luminescence in the presence of a chromophore.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new chimeric mutants of avidin protein with improved properties, e.g. thermostability, better stability against proteolysis, better charge properties (for example lower pl) compared to native avidin and avidin-related proteins, AVRs. The chimeric avidin mutants comprise mutants where a region or regions in avidin are substituted by a corresponding region or regions from an AVR protein.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention and to methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nucleic acids molecules, designated CSAPK nucleic acid molecules, which encode novel protein kinases. The invention also provides antisense nucleic acid molecules, recombinant expression vectors containing CSAPK nucleic acid molecules, host cells into which the expression vectors have been introduced, and nonhuman transgenic animals in which a CSAPK gene has been introduced or disrupted. The invention still further provides isolated CSAPK proteins, fusion proteins, antigenic peptides and anti-CSAPK antibodies. Diagnostic, screening, and therapeutic methods utilizing compositions of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: A complex comprising an HLA Class 1 molecule and attaching means for selectively attaching the HLA class 1 molecule to a target cell is disclosed, and a method is provided for producing or enhancing an immunological response against a target cell, by attaching said complex to the target cell. Where the target is a diseased, foreign or malignant cell, this method may be used to promote the lysis of the targeted cell by T cells in the immune system. Where the target cell is an antigen presenting cell, this method may be used to promote the proliferation of specific T cell clones. The invention is of potential use in the prevention and treatment of malignant diseases including cancer and leukemia, infectious diseases including viral infections such as HIV, bacterial infections including tuberculosis, and parasitic infections including malaria.

Abstract: The present invention provides for substituted metal chelating compounds in which at least two of the chelating atoms are nitrogen which are directly attached to aromatic rings and one or more of those nitrogen atoms has attached thereto a substituent other than hydrogen, and methods for making and using these compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for utilizing less purified starch in fermentation processes. One example is a recombinant E. coli containing a exogenous extracellular isoamylase activity that is capable of utilizing small oligomers containing (1,6) linkages (including but not limited to isomaltose and panose) in fermentations to produce useful products. The invention is useful in large-scale industrial biofermentations by reducing the cost of the substrate carbohydrate.

Abstract: Novel human ATP binding cassette transporter polynucleotide and polypeptide sequences are disclosed that can be used in therapeutic, diagnostic, and pharmacogenomic applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to soluble proteins which bind to the molecule known as IL-TIF/IL-22. The proteins can antagonize the effect of IL-TIF/IL-22 on target cells. The nucleic acid molecules encoding the proteins, and uses of the protein, are also described.

Abstract: A new sequence, hGR 1Ap/e, has been isolated from human DNA upstream from the previously known 2.7 kbp human GR promoter region. This new sequence was found to contain a new promoter (the 1A GR promoter) and a new untranslated exon sequence (GR exon 1A) for the human glucocorticoid receptor protein (Hgr). Alternative splicing produces three different hGR 1A-containing transcripts, 1A1, 1A2, and 1A3. Exon 1A3-containing GR transcripts appear to be restricted to blood cell cancers and to the human brain. Glucocorticoid hormone treatment caused an up-regulation of exon 1A3-containing GR transcripts in T-lymphoblast cells, and a down-regulation of exon 1A3-containing transcripts in B-lymphoblast cells. Thus detection of exon 1A3-containing transcripts can be used for the diagnosis of patients with blood cell cancers, including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and to identify patients that would benefit from glucocorticoid hormone treatment.

Abstract: A DNA sequence of Haemophilus influenzae clone 151_04 shown in SEQ. ID. NO. 1. A DNA sequence of Haemophilus influenzae clone 125_L2 shown in SEQ. ID. NO. 2. A DNA sequence of Haemophilus influenzae clone 179_D14 shown in SEQ. ID. NO. 3. A DNA sequence of Haemophilus influenzae clone 167_A16 shown in SEQ. ID. NO. 4.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for regulating expression of heterologous nucleotide sequences in a plant. Compositions include a novel nucleotide sequence for a root-preferred promoter for the gene encoding Cyclo1. A method for expressing a heterologous nucleotide sequence in a plant using the promoter sequences disclosed herein is provided. The method comprises stabling incorporating into the genome of a plant cell a nucleotide sequence operably linked to the root-preferred promoter of the present invention and regenerating a stably transformed plant that expresses the nucleotide sequence. The present invention also relates to isolated nucleic acids encoding plant cyclotides. The invention relates to the construction of a chimeric gene encoding all or a portion of the plant cyclotides, in sense or antisense orientation, wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in the production of altered levels of plant cyclotides in a transformed host cell.

Abstract: The application discloses novel polypeptides and nucleic acids involved in a variety of biological processes, including viral reproduction. Related methods and compositions are also described.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of Formula I having an aziridine-2-carboxylic group and a menthol group, a process for preparing such compounds, a method for obtaining optically active aziridine-2-carboxylate derivatives by optical resolution of such compounds, and optically active aziridine-2-carboxylate derivatives obtained by the same method: wherein R1 is hydrogen; alkyl; cycloalkyl; 4-chlorophenyl; 4-methoxyphenyl; s-triazinyl or pyridinyl acyl; benzyl; hydrocarbon residue which may be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, alkoxy, dialkylamino, phenyl, 4-chlorophenyl and 4-methoxyphenyl; 2,4-dimethoxyphenyl; substituted phenyl including (1R)-phenylethyl or (1S)-phenylethyl. Preferences are given to (1R)-phenylethyl and (1S)-phenylethyl. Menthol is selected from the group consisting of (+)-menthol and (?)-menthol.

Abstract: A method of measuring the enzymatic activity of a luciferase includes contacting a luminogenic protein, such as a luciferase, with a protected luminophore to form a composition; and detecting light produced from the composition. The protected luminophore provides increased stability and improved signal-to-background ratios relative to the corresponding unmodified coelenterazine.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula (I): wherein ring C is as defined herein, for example indolyl, indazolyl or azaindolyl; Z is —O—, —NH— or —S—; n is 0-5; m is 0-3; R1 and R2 are defined herein including groups: (i) Q1X1 wherein Q1 and X1 are as defined herein; (ii) Q15W3 wherein Q15 and W3 are as defined herein, (iii) Q21W4C1-5alkylX1— wherein Q21, W4 and X1 are as defined herein, (iv) Q28C1-5alkylX1—, Q28C2-5alkenylX1— or Q28C2-5alkynylX1— wherein Q28 and X1 are as defined herein and (v) Q29C1-5alkylX1—, Q29C2-5alkenylX1— or Q29C2-5alkynylX1— wherein Q29 and X1 are as defined herein; R2 can also be 6,7-methylenedioxy or 6,7-ethylenedioxy; and salts thereof; their use in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the production of an antiangiogenic and/or vascular permeability reducing effect in warm?blooded animals; processes for the preparation of such compounds; intermediates used in such processes; processes for making such intermediates; pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound

Abstract: 1,5-Naphthyridine azolinone derivatives are disclosed. These compounds are inhibitors of CDK1 and are useful as antiproliferative agents, such as anti-cancer agents.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are bicycloaryl compounds of Formula (I) that selectively modulate nuclear receptors, preferably the androgen receptor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, amide, or prodrug thereof, and methods of treating disease comprising administering a compound of Formula (I) to a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel monocarbene complexes of nickel, palladium or platinum with electron-deficient olefin ligands, to their preparation and to their use in the homogeneous catalysis of organic reactions.

Abstract: An efficient method for the preparation of 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-methanesulfonic acid involves a reaction of 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-acetic acid in toluene with chlorosulfonic acid optionally mixed with an inert solvent in the presence of a particular Lewis base (ester or a nitrile).

Abstract: A method for the preparation of N-pyrazolylamidoximes of the general formula I R1 and R2 independently represent an alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl group, comprises reacting a 5-(?-ketoalkyl)-3-substituted-1,2,4-oxadiazoles of the general formula II with hydrazine.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to improve the optical purity of 1-benzyl-3-aminopyrrolidine having a low optical purity using an inexpensive agent via a simple procedure. The present invention provides a method for improving the optical purity of 1-benzyl-3-aminopyrrolidine including the steps of converting 1-benzyl-3-aminopyrrolidine into an equimolar salt with an optically inactive acid, and recovering the salt as crystals. The present invention also provides a salt of 1-benzyl-3-aminopyrrolidine that is used in the method.

Abstract: This invention is related to a method for making diether dianhydrides by the reaction of halophthalic anhydride and a metal salt of an aromatic dihydroxy compound in the presence of a solvent and a phase transfer catalyst. Typical phase transfer catalyst include guanidium salts, aminopyridinium salts, or phosphazenium salts.

Abstract: The method of producing 4-fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), in which ethylene carbonate (EC) reacts with a mixture of fluorine and nitrogen gases, includes feeding a mixture gas of fluorine gas and nitrogen gas into a reactor having ethylene carbonate charged therein, so as to react the ethylene carbonate with the mixture gas of the fluorine gas and the nitrogen gas. The mixture gas fed in the reactor is regulated to have a desired bubble size while passing through a gas bubble regulating column, in which a packing for a packed column is packed. In the method, EC directly reacts with F2/N2 mixture gas to produce FEC, thus a purification process is simple and it is possible to produce FEC at high conversion efficiency and selectivity.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for the synthesis and purification of prostaglandins and analogues thereof, especially analogues of PGF2?.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of polyphenol oligomers having n polyphenol monomeric units, n being an integer from 2-18. The process includes coupling of a protected polyphenol, having protected phenolic hydroxyl groups, with a C-4 functionalized polyphenol monomer. The protected polyphenol may be a protected polyphenol monomer or a protected polyphenol oligomer having 2-17 monomeric units. Advantageously, polyphenol monomeric units forming the polyphenol oligomers may be the same or different flavanoid compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of 4-(17?-methyl-substituted 3-oxoestra-4,9-dien-11?-yl)benzaldehyde-(1E or 1Z)-oximes of general formula (I), in which R1 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-6-alkyl radical or a CnF2n+1 radical, whereby n is 1, 2 or 3, R2 is a C1-4-alkyl radical, X is an OH group in E- or Z-position, and Y is an OC1-6-alkyl group, an SC1-6-alkyl group or an OCH2CnF2+1 group, whereby n is 1, 2 or 3, which provides the target compounds of formula (I) with a high yield and good selectivity

Abstract: Chelating ligand precursors for the preparation of olefin metathesis catalysts are disclosed. The resulting catalysts are air stable monomeric species capable of promoting various metathesis reactions efficiently, which can be recovered from the reaction mixture and reused. Internal olefin compounds, specifically beta-substituted styrenes, are used as ligand precursors. Compared to terminal olefin compounds such as unsubstituted styrenes, the beta-substituted styrenes are easier and less costly to prepare, and more stable since they are less prone to spontaneous polymerization. Methods of preparing chelating-carbene metathesis catalysts without the use of CuCl are disclosed. This eliminates the need for CuCl by replacing it with organic acids, mineral acids, mild oxidants or even water, resulting in high yields of Hoveyda-type metathesis catalysts.

Abstract: Bis(salicylaldiminato)titanium complex with optionally substituted phenyl or cyclohexyl on nitrogen catalyzes highly syndiospecific polymerization of propylene. Syndiotactic polypropylene with defects of the type rmr having [rrrr] content greater than 0.70 and block copolymer containing block(s) of the syndiotactic polypropylene and block(s) of poly(ethylene-co-propylene) and/or poly(alpha-olefin-co-propylene) are obtained. Certain of the catalysts provide living polymerization. Living olefin polymers and olefin terminated oligomers and polymers are also products.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel platinum-based analogs with a single substituted imine ligand: R7RC?NR8, wherein the R7RC?NR8 functional group is covalently bonded to the platinum through nitrogen. The analogs also have nitrogen donor ligands capable of forming hydrogen bonds with the bases in DNA or RNA, and one or more leaving groups which can be displaced by water, hydroxide ions or other nucleophiles, which is thought to form active species in vivo, and then, form cross-linked complexes between nucleic acid strands, principally between purines in DNA (or RNA), i.e., at the Guanine or Adenine bases, thereof.

Abstract: Multinuclear platinum compounds, compositions that include the platinum compounds, methods for making the platinum compounds, and methods for treating cellular proliferative diseases by administering the platinum compounds.

Abstract: Organosilicon compounds are described which are prepared from epoxy-functional silanes and monocarboxylic acids. The compounds are useful in coatings, adhesives, and sealants, and the like.

Abstract: Phenylmalonic acid dinitriles are prepared by reaction of, for example, phenyl Kalides with malonic acid dinitrile in the presence of palladium catalysts and bases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 3-cyano-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoyl fluoride and to intermediates for its preparation and to the process for the preparation of 3-cyano-2,4,5-trifluoro-benzoyl fluoride, which starts from 5-fluoro-1,3-xylene (VIII); which is bichlorinated in the ring in the presence of a catalyst under ionic conditions to give 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoro-1,3-dimethylbenzene (VII). The latter is chlorinated in the side chains under free-radical conditions to give 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoro-3-dichloromethyl-1-trichloromethylbenzene (VI).

Abstract: A process for producing optically pure R-hydroxyphenoxypropanoic acid or a salt or ester thereof by reaction of hydroquinone or a salt thereof with an S-halopropanoic acid or a salt thereof in the presence of a mild reducing agent.

Abstract: A highly efficient process is provided for producing an optically active compound having high optical purity by an asymmetric reaction using as a catalyst a transition metal complex having an optically active nitrogen-containing compound as an asymmetric ligand.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing (meth)acrylic acid esters IV by means of transesterification of a (meth)acrylic acid ester I with an alcohol R2OH comprising at least one more carbon atom than the alcohol constituents (R1O—) in the (meth)acrylic acid ester I to be subjected to transesterification, in the presence of a catalyst or a catalyst mixture. Either essentially the (meth)acrylic acid ester I is separated and then the catalyst used is separated by distillation (catalyst separation), or the catalyst used is separated by distillation first (catalyst separation), and then essentially the (meth)acrylic acid ester I is separated, from the reaction product of the transesterification. Constituents from the mixture obtained, which have a lower boiling point than the (meth)acrylic acid ester IV, are essentially separated by distillation (separation of constituents at low boiling point), and the (meth)acrylic acid ester IV is then purified by distillation (purification by distillation).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel binaphthol derivatives and methods for the optical resolution of amino acids or amino alcohols and for the optical transformation of D, L-forms of amino acids using the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for hydroxymethylating noncyclic ?,?-dialkylcarboxylic acid derivatives with formaldehyde using amide bases at temperatures of from ?40° C. up to the boiling point of the solvent or solvent mixture used.

Abstract: A process is proposed for partial oxidation oxidation in the gas phase of C3 and/or C4 precursor compounds to (meth)acrolein and/or (meth)acrylic acid in the presence of a heterogeneous particulate catalyst in a reactor having one or more cuboidal thermoplate modules (1) which are each formed from two or more rectangular thermoplates (2) arranged parallel to each other while in each case leaving a gap (3) which can be filled with the heterogeneous particulate catalyst and is flowed through by the fluid reaction mixture; the heat of reaction being absorbed by a heat carrier which flows through the thermoplates (2) and thus at least partly evaporating, and also having a predominantly cylindrical shell (4, 15, 16) which releases the pressure at the thermoplate modules, completely surrounds them and comprises a cylinder jacket (4) and hoods (15, 16) which seal it at both ends and whose longitudinal axis is aligned parallel to the plane of the thermoplates (2), and also having one or more sealing elements (7, 2