Abstract: The present invention relates to a scanner for optical storage media with an improved signal-to-noise ratio. In the case of an optical scanner according to the invention having a light source for generating a light beam for reading out data stored on an optical storage medium, the light source being modulated by a radio-frequency modulator, and having an analog-to-digital converter, which converts an analog data signal generated by a photodetector into a digital data signal, the radio-frequency modulator and the analog-to-digital converter are synchronized.

Abstract: Described herewith is an optical disk manufacturing apparatus for reading recorded digital data from an optical disk, comprising an encryption unit for encrypting entered digital data according to a plurality of key information; an optical disk substrate manufacturing unit for manufacturing an optical disk substrate on which the encrypted digital data and key information are recorded in the form of physical form changes; a reflection film forming unit for forming a reflection film on the optical disk substrate; and a key information recording unit for recording key information on the optical disk substrate on which the reflection film is formed. The reflection factor of the optical disk is changed locally, thereby giving a jitter to the position information of each pit edge, and desired data is recorded additionally according to this jitter. Pits, etc.

Abstract: A liquid crystal element control portion of an optical disc apparatus includes a memory for storing first information concerning a relationship between a drive voltage to be applied to a liquid crystal element when an optimal reproduced signal is obtained and ambient temperature of the liquid crystal element and second information concerning a relationship between a response time characteristic of the liquid crystal element and temperature, a drive voltage obtaining portion for measuring a response time of the liquid crystal element at a predetermined timing and obtaining a drive voltage to be applied to the liquid crystal element in which an influence of temperature variation is corrected based on the obtained response time and the first and the second information, and a liquid crystal element driving circuit for driving the liquid crystal element at the drive voltage obtained by the drive voltage obtaining portion.

Abstract: The hologram (20) for spherical aberration correction is formed in optical element (10). With respect to the first laser light which requires the largest effective diameter, the hologram does not have effect on wavefront. With respect to the second laser light which requires the second largest effective diameter, the spherical aberration is corrected by the holograms (21, 22) which are formed in a concentric and zonal pattern and construct the hologram, and the effective diameter is converged. With respect to the third laser light which requires the smallest effective diameter, only the hologram (22) has the effect of the correction for the spherical aberration.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical pickup apparatus for recording and/or reproducing information for different kinds of optical information recording media. The optical pickup apparatus includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting a third light flux; a light-converging optical system including an objective lens. The objective lens includes at least one optical surface including a diffractive structure which includes a plurality of ring shaped zones. Each of the ring shaped zones is concentrically arranged around an optical axis and includes a step difference extending along the optical axis. In the objective lens of the optical pickup apparatus, the offence against a sine condition, an average of step differences of the plurality of ring shaped zones, focal length, and magnification satisfy the predetermined conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical pickup apparatus including a first light source, a second light source, a third light source, and a light-converging optical system including an objective lens. The objective lens includes at least one optical surface with a diffractive structure. The diffractive structure includes a plurality of ring shaped zones. Each of the ring shaped zones is concentrically arranged around an optical axis and includes a step difference extending along the optical axis. In the objective lens, the predetermined conditions according to an average of step differences of the plurality of ring shaped zones, a focal length, a magnification, and the Abbe number, are satisfied.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical pickup apparatus including a first light source, a second light source, a third light source, and a light-converging optical system including an objective lens. The diffractive structure includes a plurality of ring shaped zones. Each of the ring shaped zones is concentrically arranged around an optical axis and includes a step difference extending along the optical axis. In the objective lens, the predetermined conditions according to the offence against a sine condition, an average of step differences of the plurality of ring shaped zones, a focal length, and a magnification, are satisfied.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical pickup apparatus including a first light source, a second light source, a third light source, and a light-converging optical system including an objective lens. The objective lens includes at least one optical surface with a diffractive structure. The diffractive structure includes a plurality of ring shaped zones. Each of the ring shaped zones is concentrically arranged around an optical axis and includes a step difference extending along the optical axis. In the objective lens, the predetermined conditions according to the offence against a sine condition, an average of step differences of the plurality of ring shaped zones, a focal length, and a magnification, are satisfied.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus for recording and/or reproducing information for an optical information recording medium, comprising a light converging optical system including a coupling lens and an objective lens, wherein a first diffraction structure is installed on the objective lens, and a second diffraction structure is arranged on the coupling lens, whereby the spherical aberration and chromatic aberration caused by the difference in the thickness of the protective layer are corrected in the light converging optical system as a whole.

Abstract: An objective lens for at least one of recording and reproducing for an optical information recording medium includes in the order from a light source side: a first lens group having negative refracting power, which is in a meniscus shape having a concave surface facing the light source side; a second lens group having positive refracting power; and a third lens group having positive refracting power, which is in a meniscus shape having a concave surface facing an image side.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting a third light flux; and an objective optical element. The objective optical element has an optical surface including at least two areas provided with optical path difference providing structures. The objective optical element converges the first to third light fluxes each passing through the predetermined areas on the objective optical element onto respective information recording surfaces of the first to third optical disks. In the optical pickup apparatus, the third light flux which has passed through an optical path difference providing structure forms a first best focus and a second best focus.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting a third light flux; and an objective optical element. The objective optical element has an optical surface including at least two areas provided with optical path difference providing structures. The objective optical element converges the first to third light fluxes each passing through the predetermined areas on the objective optical element onto respective information recording surfaces of the first to third optical disks. The optical pickup apparatus provides a wavelength dependency of a spherical aberration so as to correct a change in a spherical aberration due to a refractive index change with a temperature change of the objective optical element.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting a third light flux; and an objective optical element. The objective optical element has an optical surface including at least two areas provided with optical path difference providing structures. The objective optical element converges the first to third light fluxes each passing through the predetermined areas on the objective optical element onto respective information recording surfaces of the first to third optical disks. The first optical path difference providing structure is a ring-shaped structure which includes a plurality of ring-shaped zones including respective steps having at least two kinds of amounts selected from the predetermined expressions.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting a third light flux; and an objective optical element. The objective optical element has an optical surface including at least two areas provided with optical path difference providing structures. The objective optical element converges the first to third light fluxes each passing through the predetermined areas on the objective optical element onto respective information recording surfaces of the first to third optical disks. One of the optical path difference providing structures includes a first basic structure and a second basic structure which are predetermined optical path difference providing structures and overlap with each other.

Abstract: An optical disc apparatus having a construction that lowers a peak value of a laser beam applied to an optical disc and controls a current supplied to the laser. Provisions are made to prevent recorded marks on the optical disc from degrading by utilizing the laser beam radiated onto the optical disc. Provisions are also made to minimize gradual deterioration of the laser itself that would otherwise be caused by the emission of laser beam, to minimize unwanted radio waves that would otherwise be produced from the optical disc apparatus by the emission of laser beam, and to prevent the responsiveness of the optical disc apparatus from being impaired.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for generating an output signal indicating a specific area on an optical disc. The system includes an optical pick-up head signal generator, a detecting apparatus, and an output signal generating apparatus. The optical pick-up head signal generator is used for generating an optical pick-up head signal. The detecting apparatus is used for detecting pre-recorded address information on the optical disc to generate a detection signal. Also, a output signal generating apparatus, which is coupled to the optical pick-up head signal generator and the detecting apparatus, is used for receiving the optical pick-up head signal and the detection signal to generate the output signal according to at least one of the optical pick-up head signal and the detection signal, the output signal generating apparatus not generating the output signal according to the optical pick-up head signal after a predetermined time.

Abstract: The flexible membrane comprises at least one thin layer with a plurality of indentations formed therein, wherein bearing points for actuating elements are disposed between said indentations in order to locally deform the membrane. The thus open-worked membrane is more flexible in a cross direction. The open-worked membrane can act as a support for the recording data, cooperating with a micro-point bi-dimensional network.

Abstract: A conveyance apparatus includes an extendable and retractable mechanism, which includes a plurality of linked member pairs rotatably coupled across each other horizontally in a predetermined direction in pantograph form, a multiple-layer slider, which includes a carrier slider to hold a work product and fixed at one end of the extendable mechanism and at least one movable slider to move in a predetermined direction keeping a predetermined relative position to the carrier slider, and a drive mechanism configured to cause the linked member pairs to expand by changing a relative angle of the crossing linked member pairs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for manufacturing a master disc for mastering data on an optical record carrier. To achieve reduced jitter levels resulting from pit widths that are too large, which might result in cross talk effects during read out or even cross write effects during mastering, the application of a pulsed write strategy for manufacturing the master disc is proposed, wherein the pits are recorded by a sequence of a predetermined number of write pulses, said sequence including a number of write pulses having a light intensity of substantially zero.

Abstract: An information storage medium 100 according to the present invention includes a track 10 that wobbles in a predetermined period and a plurality of pre-pits 21 and 22, which are arranged adjacent to the track. The track has a plurality of frame units 11 and 12. At least one of the pre-pits 21 and 22 is allocated to each of the frame units 11 and 12. Each of the frame units 11 and 12 has a first wobble shape 111, of which the falling portion is sloped more steeply than its rising portion, and/or a second wobble shape 112, of which the rising portion is sloped more steeply than its falling portion. The first wobble shape 111 represents a first type of information and the second wobble shape 112 represents a second type of information. The first and second types of information are different from each other.

Abstract: A shared signaling channel can be used in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communication system to provide signaling, acknowledgement, and power control messages to access terminals within the system. The shared signaling channel may comprise reserved logical resources that can be assigned to subcarriers, OFDM symbols, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: Variable error correction for a multipoint-to-point orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system are provided. In one embodiment, a system comprises: a host unit; a plurality of remote units using a multiple access scheme to communicate at the same time with the host unit using OFDM; wherein the host unit allocates orthogonal tones within the system to the plurality of remote units; wherein the host unit sends an adjustment signal to at least one of the remote units instructing the at least one remote unit to adjust the timing of transmissions from the at least one remote unit to improve orthogonality of an OFDM waveform received at the host unit; and wherein at least one of the remote units transmits an upstream OFDM signal to the host unit using variable error correction in which the remote unit applies at least one of a plurality of available levels of error correction.

Abstract: Preamble length of burst communication signals dynamically changed to compensate in changes to linear distortion of a communication channel. Pre-equalization coefficients are provided to network element which pre-equalize communications with the CMTS. Long preamble lengths are used for a select few communications while short preamble lengths are used for the rest of the communication signals. When change in distortion characteristics is detected, a station maintenance is performed on the affected network element and new pre-equalization coefficients are determined and provided to the network element. Alternatively, all communications may be provided with long preamble lengths and communications may continue while the CMTS determines new pre-equalization coefficients.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for wireless transmission from a mobile unit to a base station includes multiplexing a pilot signal and a data signal, wherein the data signal operates at a data rate by splitting the data signal into a plurality of data streams; applying a pilot gain to the pilot channel, wherein the data gain and the pilot gain are a function of the data rate; and combining the plurality of data streams and the pilot signal into a subset of sub-carriers. The subset of sub-carriers are transmitted using Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDMA.

Abstract: A communication system distributes, in the time domain, acknowledgment transmissions by a group of access terminals sharing a same time domain resource. A position of one or more access terminals in the group of access terminals is determined and each of the one or more access terminals then sends an acknowledgment transmission, such as an acknowledgment or negative acknowledgement, in a time slot that is N time slots after the shared time domain resource, where N is a function of the position of the access terminal in the group of access terminals.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus is disclosed which connects to a network and which controls transmission to the network of data being output by an external apparatus having at least a data output function. The information processing apparatus includes a connection switcher configured to disconnect from the network in case of a failure in data output processing by the data output function of the external apparatus and to reconnect to the network upon recovery from the failure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a path switching control system for controlling path switching, including: an active path control unit for controlling active paths; a standby path control unit for controlling standby paths; and a path switching control unit being configured in hardware and for controlling the path switching, wherein the path switching control unit includes: a control information reading unit for reading control information from the active path control unit on the occurrence of a failure in the active path control unit; and a control information writing unit for writing the control information read by the control information reading unit into the standby path control unit. A computer system using the path switching system and a path switching control method are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a network composed of a plurality of network devices (4) equipped with a group of control modules (21) having a routing protocol section (6) for exchanging link information and a signaling protocol section (7) for determining a path, when a failure occurs in a link constituting the current path, a first network device (4) switches the one or more failed current paths to auxiliary paths previously computed and starts to send a routing packet relevant to the advertisement of the one or more failed links by the routing protocol section (6) after when the signaling protocol section (7) sends a signaling message for switching the all or part of the failed one or more current paths to the auxiliary paths.

Abstract: A radio communication device having a first radio transmission unit for transmitting information according to a first radio transmission technology as well as a second radio transmission unit for transmitting information according to a second radio transmission technology. In addition, the radio communication device has a selection unit for selecting the first radio transmission unit or the second radio transmission unit or both radio transmission units for transmitting information depending on at least one predefinable radio transmission technology selection criterion.

Abstract: Embodiments of a wireless communication device and method for dynamic bidirectional aggregation of media-access control (MAC) layer frames in a wireless network are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed. In some embodiments, the time between consecutive bursts is dynamically varied based on a MAC channel access delay.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the invention, a method and apparatus for hardware throttling of network traffic, includes: receiving a packet; and preventing the packet from being copied, based on a rate field value associated with a new address in the packet information in the packet. The packet is not copied even if a copy rule is triggered.

Abstract: Distributed communication traffic control systems and methods are disclosed. An amount of communication traffic received from a traffic management device and stored in a communication traffic queue at a communication device is monitored. Based on the amount of communication traffic stored in the communication traffic queue, a determination is made, at the communication device, as to whether a traffic management action is to be performed. If a traffic management action is to be performed, the traffic management device is controlled to perform the determined traffic management action. The traffic management device may receive an indication of the determined traffic management action from a distributed traffic controller in the communication device, for example, and perform the traffic management action responsive to the indication.

Abstract: A network management apparatus interconnects a plurality of computers through physical lines having a predetermined line speed to manage a switch apparatus constructing a parallel computer system. The switch apparatus comprises a plurality of physical port units to enable or disable the same through individual power supply ON/OFF control for the physical port units, thereby changing and controlling the line transmission speed according to the enable number. A logical port constructing unit in the network management apparatus bundles the physical lines by a plurality of physical port units in the switch apparatus to construct logical lines. A port control unit changes the number of operations of a plurality of physical port units assigned to the logical port units through the power supply ON/OFF control according to a necessary data transmission speed for the logical port units, thereby dynamically changing the line transmission speed.

Abstract: An AP managing server manages wireless LAN apparatuses wirelessly connected to an access terminal. The wireless LAN apparatuses are provided for each communication service (VoIP communication, HTTP communication) in a single subnet and a route connecting to the access terminal is made redundant for each communication service. The AP managing apparatus controls a route to wirelessly connect the access terminal to a wireless LAN apparatuses that supports the communication service requested by the access terminal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for receiving a multimedia message in a wireless terminal, the method including setting reception reservation information (multimedia message reception reservation information) of the multimedia message; when basic information of the multimedia message is received, analyzing the basic information of the multimedia message; comparing the basic information of the multimedia message with the set multimedia message reception reservation information; and if the basic information of the multimedia message is in accordance with the set multimedia message reception reservation information, receiving the multimedia message.

Abstract: A method and system for providing QoS in a network using traffic management including traffic stream admission and traffic control, is provided. The traffic stream admission and control is achieved using parameterized QoS within a network. Such parameterized QoS enhances QoS service in the UPnP QoS architecture.

Abstract: A method and system for QoS control for remote access to UPnP devices, is disclosed. Enabling QoS control for remote access to UPnP devices involves providing a UPnP control point; providing a UPnP device in a network, wherein the first UPnP control point is connected to the network via a communication link; and providing access between the UPnP control point and the UPnP device by utilizing a UPnP proxy that examines UPnP messages in and out of the network and translates the local URL in the message to a URL that is accessible by the UPnP control point over the communication link.

Abstract: An end-to-end congestion control is provided that emulates a different service differentiation than the common low-normal priority. This protocol is referred to as 4CP (Competitive, Considerate Congestion Control). The target service differentiation enables provisioning of per-flow average bandwidth guarantees to “normal” traffic, but not at the expense of potentially starving the “low” priority traffic (4CP). It thus features incentive compatibility to file-transfer applications that are throughput-greedy but want to be considerate to other traffic. 4CP is implemented and configured as a sender-only adaptation of standard TCP, and requires no special network feedback. Configuration of the bandwidth guarantee is either statically configured or automatically adjusted by 4CP. The automatic mode aims to be TCP-friendly over appropriately large timescale.

Abstract: In an ATM exchange, a cell transmission control section transmits an ATM cell to a transmission path of an ATM network. A traffic monitor monitors traffic of the cell transmissions. A statistical process section performs a temporal statistical process on the result of the traffic monitoring using a clock and a memory. A CAC produces an instruction for traffic control over a transmission terminal based on the result of the statistical process. A UPC controls traffic of a transmission path from the transmission terminal in accordance with the instruction.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for determining a coincidence count associated with a traffic flow in a network. The method includes receiving a first packet having a first flow identifier associated with one of the traffic flows, comparing the first flow identifier of the first packet to each of a plurality of other flow identifiers associated with a respective plurality of other packets, and determining a coincidence count associated with the first flow identifier based on the comparison of the first flow identifier to each of the plurality of other flow identifiers. The method for determining a coincidence count associated with one of a plurality of traffic flows may be extended for determining respective coincidence counts associated with a plurality of traffic flows. The determined coincidence counts may be used for determining at least one traffic flow statistic.

Abstract: Enhanced mesh network performance is provided by computation of a path metric with respect to multi-hop paths between nodes in a mesh network and determination of a path through the mesh network that is optimal according to the path metric. Information is communicated in the mesh network according to the determined path. Nodes in the mesh network are enabled to communicate via one or more wireless links and/or one or more wired links. The path metric optionally includes an effective bandwidth path metric having elements (listed from highest to lowest conceptual priority) including an inverse of a sustainable data rate, a number of wireless links, and a number of wireless and wired links. The sustainable data rate is a measure of communication bandwidth that is deliverable by a path for a period of time. Accounting is made for interference between contiguous wireless links operating on the same channel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for optimization of demands in a packet switched communication network, especially, though not exclusively, for the optimization of demands in a Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) packet switched communication network. The present invention provides a method to enable network nodes, such as routers to be clustered into components, with the components organised in a hierarchical fashion, and with the network “core” at the root of this hierarchy. Demands that originate or terminate at components outside the core, but that traverse the core, are temporarily replaced by demands that originate and terminate within the core component. Having optimized the resulting set of demands it is then shown how to use the solution to satisfy the original demands. Multi-access networks cause some complications, and these are taken into account.

Abstract: A system and method for reserving resources for a Mobile Node (MN) having a plurality of wireless network interfaces in a mobile network under a multi-homed environment are provided, wherein the MN transmits query messages requesting a path be setup to a plurality of Access Routers (ARs) accessible through the wireless network interfaces, a Crossover Router Node (CRN), shared by a plurality of paths running to a CN via the ARs, selects an optimal path from among the plurality of paths using the path information set in the query messages propagated through the plurality of paths, the CRN transmits the resource reserve message through the selected optimal path, and the routers existing in the optimal path reserve resources according to the resource reserve message.

Abstract: Disclosed are a particularly efficient and resource-saving method and device for intercepting at least one user of a communication terminal in a communication network. The invention is characterized in that a central interception and evaluation unit (BAA) receives service data of at least one communication terminal (MS), said received service data is evaluated according to at least one predefined filtering criterion, and at least one evaluation result is forwarded to another network unit (LEA).

Abstract: A method, system or switch device, the switch device having both switch and test capabilities. A method includes running in a test or switch mode or both; and, performing the testing operation or the switching operations, or both. Another method includes setting up the test functionality in the switch device, the test functionality including one or both of transmitting test data and receiving test data. Other steps may include initiating the transmission of test data; and checking the test data. A switch device may include an ASIC disposed within the switch device, the ASIC including one or both of an egress test block and an ingress test block; whereby the egress test block and the ingress test block are respectively adapted to transmit and receive a test packet; whereby the ASIC and one or both of the egress and ingress test blocks provide for alternatively operating in the conventional switch mode and in test mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of predicting link quality of a link is disclosed. The method includes receiving multi-carrier modulated signals over a period of time, estimating an SNR for each received sub-carrier, constructing a sequence of the SNRs, and estimating link PER based upon knowledge of encoding and/or interleaving used during transmission, and the sequence of SNRs.

Abstract: A telecommunications apparatus includes a switching matrix. The telecommunications apparatus also includes a plurality of conductive user output locations and a plurality of conductive network input locations. For any given user output location there exists a conductive path coupling the given user output location to a corresponding network input location. The telecommunications apparatus also includes a plurality of switches. For any given conductive path, a switch is interposed therein, and each switch has a first state in which the given conductive path is unaltered, and a second state in which the given conductive path is altered, so that the given conductive path couples the corresponding user output location to the switching matrix. The aforementioned telecommunications apparatus may be networked with other such telecommunications apparatuses.

Abstract: A method applied to a wired network including a first network device and a second network device is disclosed. The first and second network devices each include a first set of connection ends and a second set of connection ends. Firstly, the first network device transmits a specific signal pattern through its first set and second set of connection ends. Then, the first network device detects whether a signal is received at its first set and second set of connection ends. If it is determined that a signal is not received at the first set connection ends while a signal is received at the second set connection ends, the first network device determines that its second set of connection ends is not correctly coupled to the second set of connection ends of the second network device.

Abstract: A method for graphically displaying a packet progression within a network device is described. Phases that correspond to operations performed on a packet within a network device are identified. The phases are visually displayed. The display indicates progression of the packet through the phases.

Abstract: A method for classifying congestion paths based on packet delay in a plurality of paths between measurement nodes, has the following steps. First, it receives a measurement data unit including an origin node, a destination node, and a sent time and a received time in a received packet from the measurement node. Then, it arranges the measurement data units of the same origin node in order of sent time, and extracts a pair of measurement data units of which an interval time between the sent times of adjacent measurement data units is less than the threshold time. Then, it arranges the measurement data units of the same destination node in order of the received time, and extracts a pair of measurement data units of which an interval time between the received times of adjacent measurement data units is less than the threshold time.