Abstract: A mobile camera system is disclosed. The camera system connects plural camera apparatuses including at least first and second camera apparatuses mounted on a mobile body to one another and combines images photographed by the first and the second camera apparatuses, wherein reference data obtained by the first camera apparatus is transferred to the second camera apparatus via a camera control unit, signal processing is performed in the second camera apparatus on the basis of the reference data transferred to generate a corrected image, and an image from the first camera apparatus and the corrected image outputted from the second camera apparatus are combined to output a combined image.

Abstract: The device relates to the signaling, to the pilot of a craft, of the risks that it incurs due to obstacles placed in its zone of deployment. This device determines, on the zone of deployment of the craft, the contours of several types of risk region as well as the contours of two lateral regions of tight deployment tied to the craft and produces alarms as a function of the types of zones at risk found in the lateral regions of tight deployment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are for manipulating a keypad of an electronic device (100, 200). The electronic device has a plurality of tactile keys (110, 115, 1230, 125, 130). The method includes sensing a proximity of a object to one of the plurality of tactile keys and presenting, on an output (105, 205, 225) of the electronic device, a preview (410, 420, 515, 520, 615, 620, 710, 715, 810, 815) of an action that will take place upon pressing the one of the plurality of tactile keys.

Abstract: A system for compressing digital data by representing a portion of it predictionally and transformationally as a block of transform coefficients, then quantizing that block selectively into a set of encoding symbols based on an indication whether the transform coefficients represent the portion as having a particular characteristic, and then by encoding the set of encoding symbols into a data bit stream. In particular, frequency may be used as the characteristic of the digital data in many applications.

Abstract: Embodiments of decoding systems and methods are disclosed. One system embodiment, among others, comprises a software programmable core processing unit having a context-adaptive binary arithmetic (CABAC) unit configured to execute a shader, the shader configured to implement CABAC decoding of a video stream and provide a decoded data output.

Abstract: Various embodiments of decoding systems and methods are disclosed. One system embodiment, among others, comprises a software programmable core processing unit having a context-adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC) unit configured to execute a shader, the shader configured to implement CAVLC decoding of a video stream and provide a decoded data output.

Abstract: Data from both a positive edge sample and negative edge sample are used to determine a data bit. The primary and secondary clocks capture two copies of the data. A sample is taken with a positive edge of one clock and the negative edge of the other clock each bit period. These two captured data values are combined along with the data value captured by the previous negative edge to determine the data bit value. The captured data may be dynamically de-skewed previous to being clocked into a buffer based on the clock edges sampling the data.

Abstract: Data from both a positive edge sample and negative edge sample are used to determine a data bit. The primary and secondary clocks capture two copies of the data. A sample is taken with a positive edge of one clock and the negative edge of the other clock each bit period. These two captured data values are combined along with the data value captured by the previous negative edge to determine the data bit value. The captured data may be dynamically de-skewed previous to being clocked into a buffer based on the clock edges sampling the data.

Abstract: A data coding system that compresses data and enables data, e.g., prefix addresses, to be represented with significantly fewer memory cells when compared to conventional coding systems.

Abstract: A binarization circuit for binarizing a pulsative analog signal includes: a first comparator circuit for reversing an output signal when the analog signal becomes smaller than a threshold voltage and when the analog signal becomes larger than a high side threshold voltage; a second comparator circuit for reversing an output signal when the analog signal becomes larger than the threshold voltage and when the analog signal becomes smaller than a low side threshold voltage; and a selector circuit for inputting the output signals from the first and second comparator circuits and for reversing an output signal when the analog signal becomes smaller than the threshold voltage and when the analog signal becomes larger than the threshold voltage.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter supporting high speed operation is defined. The converter includes a plurality of sampler circuits in electrical communication with a digital signal source and a summation circuit in electrical communication with the plurality of sampler circuits. A sampler circuit of the plurality of sampler circuits is adapted to sample a bit of a plurality of bits from the digital signal source with a half-sinusoidal signal forming a sampled signal. The sampler may include a plurality of diodes and a sinusoidal signal source. The sinusoidal signal source toggles the plurality of diodes on and off thereby forming the sampled signal at a sampler output port. The summation circuit is adapted to combine the sampled signal from each of the plurality of sampler circuits to form an analog signal portion representative of the plurality of bits. Exemplary summation circuits include an R-2R resistance ladder and a Wilkinson power combiner.

Abstract: An on-die termination apparatus for a semiconductor memory according to the invention includes: a first D/A converting unit that outputs a first voltage corresponding to a first code;.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a reference voltage of a semiconductor integrated circuit includes a resistance control unit that adjusts at least one an adjustment code such that at least one set of resistors, which have resistances determined according to the at least one adjustment code have predetermined resistances, a voltage level control unit that generates a selection code for selecting the level of a final reference voltage under external control and outputs the generated selection code, and a reference voltage generating unit that converts a power supply voltage according to the adjustment code and the selection code and outputs the final reference voltage.

Abstract: There is provided a new signal processing device that uses functions appropriate to signal properties to acquire high-quality signals. The signal processing device includes a sampling circuit 2 that samples an input signal and outputs a discrete signal, multiple function generators 3 that generate multiple sampling functions with parameters m different from each other, plural inner product operating units 4 for each of the parameters m that take an inner product between the input signal and each of plural sampling functions and output an inner product operating value, and a judging unit 8 that determines parameter m providing a minimum error out of multiple errors composed of differences between the sampling value and inner product operating values output from the multiple inner product operating units and outputs the parameter m signal. The signal processing device outputs a discrete signal composed of a string of the sampling values and the parameter m signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods are included for providing anti-aliasing in a sample-and-hold circuit. One embodiment of the present invention includes a method for sampling of an input signal for providing to an analog-to-digital converter. The method comprises generating a sample signal having a given frequency and a period that defines both a sample phase and a hold phase. The method also comprises sampling the input signal at both the sample phase and the hold phase. The method further comprises generating a decimated output sample that is an aggregate of consecutive samples of the input signal obtained during the sample phase and the hold phase.

Abstract: A system and method for improving the dynamic performance in an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) by randomizing the differential mismatch. The differential mismatch in an input analog signal is randomized by flipping the input signal and output signal randomly.

Abstract: Methods and systems for designing a high resolution ADC by eliminating the errors in the ADC stages. An error correction architecture and method of the embodiments of the invention eliminate the gain error and settling error of the residue amplifier in a pipelined ADC stage. A reference voltage error correction architecture and method of the embodiments of the invention eliminate the reference voltage error due to the sampling action in the ADC. The gain error correction method calculates the gain error using an error amplifier and eliminates the gain error at a later stage of the ADC. The reference voltage error correction method calculates the reference voltage error using an ideal reference voltage and corrects the error at a later stage of the ADC. The constraints of gain and settling of the residue amplifier is significantly reduced using the embodiments of the invention.

Abstract: Methods and systems for input voltage droop compensation in video/graphics front-end systems. The method of an embodiment of the invention captures input voltage information supplied to an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) operatively coupled to a bypass capacitor in a video/graphics front-end system; calculates a droop in the input voltage in ADC due to a charge sharing between an input sampling capacitor of the ADC and the bypass capacitor; and compensates for the value of the bypass capacitor using an output of the ADC. Embodiments of the invention provide an improved freedom in the choice of off-chip bypass capacitance in video/graphics front-end systems.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a microelectronic image sensor device comprising: at least one detector formed by at least one photo-detector element, at least one integration capacitor associated to the photo-detector and capable of providing at least one analogue signal capable of varying at least according to a current provided by the detector, and analogue/digital conversion means for equalising charges comprising: a comparator, injector means capable of modifying the analogue signal by one or more injections, respectively of a given quantity of charge, into the capacitor, command means for charge injector means capable of modulating the given quantity of charge injected according to the intensity of said current.

Abstract: An encoder circuit and A/D converter that can minimize the error of an encoder output with respect to all the possible combinations of thermometer codes are desired to be provided. To this end, an encoder circuit has a logic thereof configured to take a thermometer code as an input and to output as an encoded value a center value of a range in which one or more encoded values are distributed, the one or more encoded values corresponding to positions of one or more boundaries between “0” and “1” appearing in the thermometer code.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved radar system that produces high range resolution while using existing narrow processing bandwidths and sampling rates to achieve a low cost radar product that is particularly useful for moving targets. The present invention uses a small number of closely spaced Linear Frequency Modulated Chirps. In one embodiment typically 2, 3, 4 chirps are used. Each frequency is sampled at a rate commensurate with the narrower bandwidth, corrected for motion (Time Aligned) and combined to produce a single wide-band chirp but achieved using the lower sample rate commensurate with the narrower transmitted waveform.

Abstract: A system and method is presented for detecting and classifying slow-moving and hovering helicopters from a missile's took-down Doppler radar that is compatible with the existing base of Doppler radars. This approach uses definable attributes of a helicopter rotor assembly and its extended Doppler rotor return to differentiate “rotor samples” from other samples (steps 123, 125), extract features such as bandwidth, activity, angle, and shape from the rotor samples (step 127), and classify a potential target as a helicopter or other based on the extracted rotor features and the known attributes of the helicopter rotor assembly (step 129). A target report including a classification target, range, range-rate, and angle of the extended rotor return is suitably passed to a tracking processor (step 121).

Abstract: The gas blast from a directed rocket motor transfers an impulse vector to a space target object thereby altering the target's orbit. Preceding the gas blast, a lower level of rocket exhaust may be directed to the target object for profile imaging that may include center of gravity determination using a pulse Doppler radar sighted along the exhaust stream. A deflector may be deployed to redirect a portion of the gas blast. In some cases, a special non-shrapnel nosecone warhead may be substituted for or used in conjunction with the rocket motor as a source of a gas blast.

Abstract: An obstacle detection system determines a probability distribution of existence of an obstacle object corresponding to a distance in an irradiation direction of a transmission wave based on detected strength data per scanning-angle supplied from a radar device. A peak-value of the strength data becomes a maximum probability of existence of the obstacle. The probability distribution has a range gradually decreasing before and after the peak-value. Even if the position indicated by the maximum probability of existence of the obstacle object is different from an actual distance to the obstacle object, it hardly occurs that the probability of existence at an actual position of the obstacle object becomes zero. This eliminates occurrence of separation/association errors. Primary and secondary existence probability relationships made based on the probability distribution are combined. Using the combined one further decreases the error detection.

Abstract: Various techniques are described relating to verifying a distance between devices. A distance between two devices may be verified by requiring one of the devices to take one or more actions that generate a result that is only possible if the device is at most a given distance from the other device. In some aspects verified ranging is accomplished through the use of a ranging signal and a responsive signal. In some aspects the ranging signal may comprise a random, pseudorandom, or deterministic sequence. A responding device may operate on a ranging signal in accordance with a known function to generate a responsive signal. A ranging device also may perform operations to determine the likelihood that a responding device properly operated on a ranging signal that the ranging device transmitted to the responding device.

Abstract: A radar apparatus includes a PN code generator for generating a PN code, a variable delay device for delaying the PN code, an oscillator for generating a high-frequency signal, a transmission frequency multiplier for multiplying a frequency of a transmission differential signal obtained by being divided from the high-frequency signal by 3, a reception frequency multiplier for multiplying a frequency of a reception differential signal obtained by being divided from the high-frequency by 3, a transmitter for generating a radar wave by using the differential signal obtained through the multiplication by the transmission frequency multiplier and the PN code generated by the PN code generator, and a receiver for generating an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal from a reflected wave by using the differential signal obtained through the multiplication by the reception frequency multiplier and the PN code delayed by the delay device.

Abstract: In a local positioning system, augmentation of the land-based system is provided by receiving signals from a GNSS. The signals from the land-based positioning system have a code phase accuracy better than one wavelength of a carrier of the signals from the GNSS. Different decorrelation may be used for signals from a satellite than from a land-based transmitter, such as using a digital decorrelator for signals from the satellite and an analog decorrelator for signals from a land-based transmitter. The receivers may include both a GNSS antenna and a local antenna. The phase centers of the two antennas are within one wavelength of the GNSS signals from each other. The local antenna is sized for operation in the X or ISM-bands of frequencies. The GNSS antenna is a patch antenna where the microwave antenna extends away from the patch antenna in at least one dimension.

Abstract: A mobile device including a positioning device for determining position by timing analysis of received signals, the positioning device including a system for determining timing accuracy, the system including first signal generating means for continuously generating a first clock signal whilst the positioning device is inactive, second signal generating means for discontinuously generating a second clock signal during a plurality of spaced apart time periods, and accuracy determining means for determining the accuracy of the first clock signal using timing data from the second clock signal, the positioning device being arranged to determine position by use of the determined timing accuracy of the first clock.

Abstract: A satellite system for providing a navigation service includes a ground segment and a user segment. The ground segment provides information to enable the user segment to autonomously determine the user position performance.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a measurement cycle in a satellite signal receiver is described. The method includes adjusting a measurement cycle in a satellite signal receiver by computing a position state comprising at least one of a velocity and a heading of the satellite signal receiver, detecting a change in the position state, and automatically adjusting a frequency of said measurement cycle in response to the change in the position state.

Abstract: A system and method of providing an adaptive multi-beam capability to a wireless base transceiver station is disclosed. The system comprises a plurality of transmit and receive antenna arrays and a plurality of static beamformers to form a limited number of beams. The beam data is reduced to digital baseband form whereupon it is digitally beamformed using a set of adaptive beamforming weights generated having regard to the form and content of the data and the environment. Such form and content information is obtained directly or indirectly from the base transceiver station. The weights are calculated using an average power function derived from a correlation of the beam data with a reference signal that mimics the training sequence assigned to the base transceiver station. Because the average power does not vary widely from frame to frame, the weights derived from the uplink direction may be reapplied in the downlink direction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a beam switching antenna system of a mobile communication terminal, the method includes forming a beam; determining whether an earphone is connected to the mobile communication terminal; and controlling the formed beam to have non-directivity if the earphone is connected to the mobile communication terminal. The apparatus for controlling a beam switching antenna includes a signal source for supplying the antenna element with a signal to form the beam; and a controller for controlling the ground switch to apply the reference voltage to the at least one conductive reflector, to thereby imparting the formed beam with a predetermined beam pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a front-end device for a phased array system. The front-end device includes an array of horn antennas, a first set of transmission lines coupled to the horn antenna array for a first polarization, a second set of transmission lines coupled to the horn antenna array for a second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization, and a plurality of L-shaped excitation elements. Each L-shaped excitation element of the plurality of L-shaped excitation elements couples a transmission line from each of the first and second sets of transmission lines to a respective horn antenna of the horn antenna array.

Abstract: In the context of array sensors such as radar, sonar, and communications receiver arrays, the present invention exploits the geometry phase components of radiated wavefronts associated with the signals of interest in order to reduce the bandwidth requirements for DOA and beamforming processing. Additionally, geometry phase is exploited in order to effectively increase the resolution of an array without changing the size of its physical footprint or the number of array elements. Other embodiments of the invention include the use of virtual array elements for increase in effective array size.

Abstract: An antenna array includes a plurality of antenna unit cells, a ground plane, and at least one artificial magnetic layer AML unit cell. At least one AML unit cell is disposed between at least two adjacent ones of the antenna unit cells. The AML unit cells include a pair of split ring resonators through a ring dielectric layer, and the resonators are capacitively coupled to the a ground plane of the antenna array through a capacitor dielectric layer. The resonators are orthogonal to one another and to the ground plane, and more than one pair may be defined in each AML unit cell. Magnetic energy from the antenna unit cells induces an electric field in the resonators, and the resulting magnetic field is strongly coupled to the AML unit cell to inhibit mutual coupling between radiating elements by suppression of surface wave propagation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modulized antenna structure, which comprises: a first antenna module for receiving a first transmission signal in which at least one side of the first antenna module has a first opening; a second antenna module for receiving a second transmission signal in which at least one side of the second antenna module has a second opening; and a fixed component, while being assembled, with the fixed component, the first antenna module is partially overlapped with the second antenna modules and the first opening is fully overlapped with the second opening, thus the fixed component can pass through the first and second openings and be fixed on the screen of an electronic device.

Abstract: A portable communication device comprises a first set of layers providing different circuits, and a second set of layers comprising an antenna layer including all antennas and a grounding layer for all antennas. The grounding layer comprises an AMC material structure facing the antenna layer. The antennas are grouped according to operational frequency range, where each group covers a separate frequency range. The AMC material structure is also divided into sections, where each section faces a group of antennas and has a high surface impedance for the frequency range of this group. There is also a casing surrounding elements of the device including the antenna and grounding layer, where one side of the casing is provided with a strip of AMC material having a high surface impedance for an operational frequency range of at least one antenna.

Abstract: An antenna arrangement including: a coupling element, a conductive element; an extension element for electrically extending the conductive element and a reactive element. A method of creating an antenna arrangement including an antenna element having a first resonant frequency and a first bandwidth, a conductive element, an extension element, for electrically extending the conductive element, having a size and an inductor 40 having an inductance value wherein the extended conductive element has a resonant mode having a second resonant frequency and a second bandwidth, the method including: selecting the size of the extension element, the inductance value and a position of the inductor to tune the resonant mode of the extended conductive element so that the second bandwidth in the region of the first resonant frequency is larger than the first bandwidth in the region of the first resonant frequency.

Abstract: A wireless communications card for use with an electronic device includes a frame and an antenna system. The frame is configured for removable installation in the electronic device. The antenna system includes first and second antennas each integral with the frame. At least one of the first and second antennas is selectively movable relative to the other between a first antenna configuration and a second antenna configuration.

Abstract: A multi-frequency antenna with dual loops is provided. The antenna includes a T-shaped radiator having a first arm and a second arm of unequal lengths as a main body, and two grounded L-shaped radiators, so as to form dual loops. Thus, the antenna can operate in a high-frequency operation mode and a low-frequency operation mode. With the dual loops, the antenna obtains enough bandwidths at high frequency, and also meets the requirements of low frequency. More specific, the antenna meets the requirements of high-frequency systems, such as DCS/PCS/UMTS and those of low-frequency systems, such as AMPS/GSM.

Abstract: A near field microwave scanning system includes a switched array of antenna elements forming an array surface, a scan surface substantially parallel to the array surface and separated by a distance less than about 1 wavelength of the measured frequency, and a processing engine for obtaining and processing near field data, without the use of an absorber.

Abstract: An antenna conductor includes a first antenna element 1, a second antenna element 2, a first connecting conductor 3 and a loop-forming element 6; the first antenna element 1, the second antenna element 2 and the first connecting conductor 3 form a conductor pattern in a U-character shape; the first antenna element 1 is connected to a feeding electrode 8 through a second connecting conductor 4; and the first antenna element 1, the first connecting conductor 3 and the loop-forming element 6 form a loop.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to a body wearable antenna configuration comprising of a flexible multi-layered structure. Each layer has a property that contributes to the overall response of the antenna. The properties of each layer optimized to give the best overall response of the antenna.

Abstract: A Chi energy amplifier that utilizes a co-gravitational K field to generate a flow of hyperspace energy into or out of a ceramic dome containing a slot antenna.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention an apparatus, comprising an apparatus, comprising an adaptively-tuned antenna including a variable reactance network connected to the antenna, an RF field probe located near the antenna, an RF detector to sense voltage from the field probe, a controller that monitors the RF voltage and supplies control signals to a driver circuit and wherein the driver circuit converts the control signals to bias signals for the variable reactance network.

Abstract: A low-profile lens element for steering a beam is provided. Specifically, the low-profile lens element is mechanically rotatable such that a beam can be steered in any direction within three-dimensional space. The lens element may include a number of discrete portions for differentially delaying adjacent discrete portions of a beam in order to effect beam steering.

Abstract: Aluminium slot antenna for receiving radio signals, in particular in the VHF and UHF bands, consisting of two flat and elongated bars fastened parallel to one another by cross-pieces that form electrical bridges. There is a connecting element for a coaxial electrical power supply cable arranged in a predetermined position between the center of the slot and one end thereof and there are fastening means to keep the antenna in a vertical position.

Abstract: A feed having a waveguide with a longitudinal axis. A plurality of corrugations extending from an end of the waveguide. The corrugations coaxial with the longitudinal axis, forming an extension of the waveguide. The corrugations having an end face angle less than 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal axis to squint the feed beam.

Abstract: A sectorial loop antenna structure that employs a plurality of pie-slice shaped sectors where adjacent sectors are coupled together by an arch and points of the sectors are coupled to a common feed. In one embodiment, the antenna structure includes a first sectorial loop antenna having two pie-slice shaped sectors and an arch therebetween, and a second sectorial loop antenna having two pie-slice shaped sectors and an arch therebetween. In another embodiment, the antenna structure includes a first pie-slice shaped sector and a second pie-slice shaped sector having an arch therebetween.

Abstract: A two-sided overlapping coupled sectorial loop antenna (CSLA). The CSLA includes a ground plane and a dielectric substrate mounted substantially perpendicular thereto. A first metalized trace is deposited on one side of the substrate and a second metalized trace is deposited on the other side of the substrate, where the metalized traces overlap at a center area and are coupled to a common feed at the center area. In one embodiment, the size of the CSLA is further reduced by adding inductors to the traces.