Abstract: An optical recoding carrier and an information recording method applying an amplitude shift keying (ASK) method or further a DC-biased ASK method are provided, wherein at least one periodically undulated section and at least one non-periodically undulated section are formed on the optical recording carrier to indicate specific information. The information recording method can be embodied as an addressing method of an optical disk for recording address information of tracks of the optical disk. A continuous track structure is provided on the optical recording carrier to save the available recording space and improve the information reading precision of the optical recording carrier. Furthermore, a signal generating apparatus and an information reading apparatus applied in the information recording method are provided.

Abstract: A wireless broadcast system that collects content for distribution over a wireless communication network. The content stream is encapsulated into a stream of transport packets for broadcast over the wireless communication link. The stream of transport packets are simultaneously broadcast as part of an identical signal from a plurality of synchronized transmitters in a single frequency network. A receiver acquires the broadcast signal and synchronizes to the signal. Once the receiver is synchronized to one of the transmitters in the single frequency network, the receiver can receive signals from any, or multiple, of the transmitters in the network without re-synchronizing.

Abstract: A new method for transmitter-receiver design that enhances the desired signal output from the receiver while minimizing the total interference and noise output from the receiver at the desired decision making instant is presented. Further the new design scheme proposed here can be used for transmit signal energy and bandwidth tradeoff. As a result, transmit signal energy can be used to tradeoff for the “premium” signal bandwidth without sacrificing the system performance level in terms of the output Signal to Interference plus Noise power Ratio (SINR). The two designs—the one before and the one after the tradeoff—will result in two different transmitter-receiver pairs that have the same performance level. In many applications such as in telecommunications, since the available bandwidth is at premium, such a tradeoff will result in releasing otherwise unavailable bandwidth at the expense of additional signal energy.

Abstract: A new method for transmitter-receiver design that enhances the desired signal output from the receiver by whitening the total interference and noise input to the receiver and maximizing the output Signal to Interference plus Noise power Ratio (SINR) is presented. As a result of the whitening process, the receiver “sees” a desired signal in white noise, and the receiver structure is then optimized to maximize the receiver output at the desired decision making instant. Furthermore the new design scheme proposed here can be used for transmit signal energy and bandwidth tradeoff. As a result, transmit signal energy can be used to tradeoff for “premium” signal bandwidth without sacrificing the system performance level in terms of the output Signal to Interference plus Noise power Ratio (SINR).

Abstract: In one embodiment, a point of local repair (PLR) for a child tunnel establishes a backup tunnel to a hierarchical tunnel head-end node's (grooming node's) downstream hierarchical tunnel neighbor (merge point) and learns a corresponding backup tunnel label. The PLR then stores a label stack having at least i) the backup tunnel label, ii) a hierarchical tunnel label for the merge point, and iii) a child tunnel label as advertised by an hierarchical tunnel tail-end node. Upon failure of the grooming node, the PLR pushes the stored label stack onto traffic for the child tunnel, and reroutes the traffic with the pushed label stack onto the backup tunnel toward the merge point (e.g., so the merge point may receive the traffic with a proper/expected label stack).

Abstract: A communication apparatus communicably connects a network of a plurality of apparatuses and a data relay apparatus to another network of the same manner as that of the network by detecting a failure occurring in the network, and determining a detour to assure communication between an apparatus connected to a network disconnected due to the failure detected and the other network. A tunneling is established serving as a virtual direct communication circuit to the determined detour.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for tolerating the breakdown and/or decoupling of at least one network node in a communication network used for controlling and/or adjusting the movement of a plurality of machine parts, for example the rotation bodies in a printing machines, machine tools and other production machines, wherein the network is operated according to a closed single or multiple ring structure, in which each node communicates with the transmitter or the port of a first adjacent node by means of a receiver or a first port and with the receiver or the port of a second adjacent network node by means of a transmitter or a second port, the closed ring structure is preserved in the case of the breakdown or decoupling of at least one node, at least one network node is coupled to the network by means of a data path switching device which is actuated, in the case of the breakdown or decoupling of said node, in such a way that the communicating nodes, which exist in the network and are arranged next to eac

Abstract: A highly efficient protection path bandwidth management method is provided. When a protection path is set up in a loop with a node A as the starting point and endpoint in order to protect a working path, the bandwidth of the protection path is changed by transferring a bandwidth change request message, containing the identifier of the protection path as well as the value of the bandwidth after the change, so as to cycle once around the protection path set up in a loop starting from a node B that first received a PATH message for a working path.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method proactively manage the load of an 802.11 WLAN based on one or more per-class station counts, in which the stations are classified according to access categories (ACs), user priorities (UPs), or services. Alternatively, the load of an 802.11 WLAN may also be proactively managed based on provisional or non-provisional per-class traffic specification (TSPECs), depending upon the status of traffic streams (TSs). Load balancing may be achieved by (a) collecting per-class station count information, either through an AP, or through exchanges with neighboring APs or wireless stations, and (b) proactively influencing association decisions between wireless stations and APs. A wireless station may be classified according to ACs, UPs, or services.

Abstract: A portion of management traffic, carried via network traffic, and received and/or transmitted via a network controller, may be processed externally to the network controller. A pass-through driver may be utilized, in the network controller, to enable transparent routing of management traffic that may be processed externally. The externally processed management traffic may comprise WS-Management based messaging, while management traffic that may comprise ASF based messaging may be processed internally in the network controller. An application processor may be utilized to perform external processing of received and/or transmitted management traffic. A management bus may be utilized to enable routing of management traffic processed external to the network controller. The management bus may also be utilized to enable platform operations during processing of management traffic.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method and apparatus for allocating resources in a transmission medium, in which method data is associated with different classes of traffic, the different classes of traffic being associated with different priority levels, wherein resources are selectively reserved on the transmission medium for traffic classes in accordance with an associated priority level.

Abstract: When audio and video data are transmitted in real-time over a network, a transmission bit rate is controlled depending on the congestion of the network. According to a conventional bit rate control process, the present bit rate is increased or reduced based on the difference between a target value for an amount of data and an observed value of the amount of data. Even if the network is in a steady state, the bit rate is not converged, but is continuously oscillated, tending to deteriorate the quality of transmitted audio and video data. Whereas the bit rate is controlled by only an integral circuit according to the conventional bit rate control process, a bit rate control process according to the present invention is performed using a combination of a proportional circuit and an integral circuit, making it possible to converge the bit rate and hence to prevent the quality of transmitted audio and video data from being lowered due to oscillations of the bit rate.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises logic encoded in one or more tangible media for enhancing transmission reliability of monitored data. The logic is operable to receive a plurality of segments for transmission over a TCP connection to a network node, where the TCP connection is associated with a transmit queue and a retransmit queue. The logic is also operable to detect a transmission anomaly on the TCP connection to the network node, and in response to detecting the transmission anomaly, is operable to perform any one of: store segments into a persistent buffer prior to transferring the segments into the transmit queue; copy segments from the retransmit queue into the persistent buffer, where the segments have been transmitted but not yet acknowledged by the network node; and copy segments from the transmit queue into the persistent buffer, where the segments have not yet been transmitted to the network node.

Abstract: User input values define an inspection window for evaluating a desired traffic element portions of a bitstream. Offset and reference values determine the start of the window with respect to the bitstream and values for a filter register and mask registers define the size of the window. As the bitstream ‘passes through’ the window, the bits in the window are compared to bits in the filter and mask registers. Traffic element portions that match the criteria of the window are stored into a storage device formed with a FPGA. Filter controls that are also formed with, the FPGA determine that the window criteria are met; and send a control signal to a capture apparatus gate to permit the current bitstream portion into a storage device that is also formed with the FPGA. The stored element portions are later evaluated by the CMTS and/or operation personnel.

Abstract: A packet processing method includes the steps of deciding whether or not a packet has the same contents as a packet that has been processed before the packet (MAC-e PDU) generated based on data received by branches from a mobile terminal (#120), dividing the packet into ES packets of a unit of MAC-es PDU (#121) if the packet is decided not to have the same contents (No in #120), deciding whether or not each ES packet obtained by the division should be a transmission object to a core network (#124), and transmitting the ES packet that is decided to be the transmission object to the core network. In this case, the packet decided to have the same contents in the decision of the step #120 is discarded without performing the processes of the division in the step #121, the decision of the step #124 and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for providing measurements on a bit-rate provided to scheduled data having a guaranteed bit-rate and being transmitted on at least one dedicated uplink data channel by at least user equipment via a C-RNC. Further, the invention also relates to a method for initiating congestion control for scheduled data of at least one guaranteed bit-rate priority class in a mobile communication system. Moreover, the invention relates to a C-RNC as well as a serving radio network controller performing these methods. To enable the C-RNC within a mobile communication system to perform congestion control for uplink transmissions having a guaranteed bit-rate the invention suggests to provide the C-RNC with a bit-rate being provided to scheduled data of the guaranteed bit-rate priority class using common or dedicated measurement procedures. This provided bit-rate is evaluated and taken as a basis for deciding on whether congestion control for data of the priority class needs to be performed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to detecting, identifying, and circumventing data obstruction systems on a computer device including firewalls, filters, etc. One embodiment of the present invention relates to a video monitoring system control module method for identifying and circumventing active data obstruction systems to enable video monitoring data transmissions. The method includes transmitting a plurality of test data packets over communication ports corresponding to video monitoring system related communication protocols, so as to generate a receive thread key of blocked and transmitted test data packets. The receive thread key is correlated with data corresponding to known data obstruction systems in order to identify at least one data obstruction system. Video monitoring data is routed around the identified at least one known data obstruction system, thereby circumventing the known data obstruction systems.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for flexible visibility in an integrated circuit are disclosed. As one example, an apparatus for flexible visibility in an integrated circuit is disclosed. The apparatus includes a switch unit disposed in the integrated circuit, the switch unit configured to receive a plurality of signals associated with a plurality of visibility points in the integrated circuit, and output the received plurality of signals in a serial form. Also, the apparatus includes a formatter unit disposed in the integrated circuit and coupled to the switch unit, the formatter unit configured to receive the plurality of signals in the serial form, and output a plurality of formatted signals including the received plurality of signals.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing fault analysis using numerically coded time series data are disclosed. First time series data, including a plurality of first time entries and an associated first data value for each first time entry, may be received for a machine variable for a first printer. Second time series data, including a plurality of second time entries and an associated second data value for each second time entry, may be received for the machine variable for each of a plurality of second printers. For each second printer, a similarity measurement may be determined for the first time series data for the first printer and the second time series data for the second printer. One or more closest matching second printers may be determined based on the similarity measurements. An association may be displayed between the first printer and each closest matching second printer.

Abstract: A first device (102), associated with an electrical substation, for example, automatically transmits a plurality of echo requests to a second device (104) that is in communication therewith by way of a communications channel (106). The second device (104) responds to the echo requests, and the first device (102) determines parameters relating to the echo requests, such as round trip times. The first device (102) calculates a channel quality metric as a function of the determined parameters.

Abstract: A system and method for discovering a cable type using an automated, systematic process. A PHY can be designed to measure electrical characteristics (e.g., insertion loss, cross talk, length, etc.) of the cable to enable determination of the cable type. The determined cable type can be used in diagnosis of cabling infrastructure or in a dynamic configuration or operation process.

Abstract: Determination of a fast route from a source node to many destination nodes. Identities of each node, and bandwidths and latencies of paths are received. A threshold bandwidth is set, and routes containing paths among nodes which have an associated bandwidth exceeding the threshold bandwidth (or within a desired range, in general) are determined. The route providing the least latency among the routes thus determined is selected. The process is repeated for other values of threshold bandwidths, and the fastest route is then determined from the routes selected for each value of threshold bandwidth considered.

Abstract: In embodiments of the present invention improved capabilities are described for associating a first node in a mesh network with an electrical device, wherein the electrical device comprises a home control device, enabling the mesh network to perform channel adjustment, transmitting data through the mesh network between the first node and a second node in the mesh network, wherein the transmission utilizes channel adjustment; and performing an action based at least in part on the transmitted data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling power in a decode-and-forward (DF) relay system is provided. The method of controlling power in a DF relay system includes: acquiring first channel information of a first link between a source node and a destination node, second channel information of a second link between the source node and a relay node, and third channel information of a third link between the relay node and the destination node, by using a pilot signal; determining a power level of the source node from the acquired first through third channel information; and feeding back the determined power level to the source node and the relay node.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer readable medium for group communication protocol in mobile ad-hoc network, that comprises, collecting a route from a source node to at least one group member node, caching the collected route information, and merging an intermediate link of a host node having a single branch to the at least one group member node in the collected route.

Abstract: A method of producing a flexible timing-driven routing tree is provided. Two or more target nodes are sorted in accordance with data criticality. A source-sink grid is built from one or more source nodes and the two or more target nodes. An initial routing tree is built comprising the one or more source nodes. A routing tree generation algorithm is executed on the initial routing tree, utilizing the sorted two or more target nodes and the source-sink grid in accordance with a user-defined timing factor to construct a flexible timing-driven routing tree. The user-defined timing factor specifies an extent of isolation for a routing path from a given one of the one or more source nodes to a given one of the two or more target nodes.

Abstract: A full duplex talking audio circuit uses a single transducer ZT which, even when various characteristics including the strength of a transmission signal change from moment to moment, enables the adequate operation of an echo canceling function and sufficiently compensates for the deterioration of the frequency characteristics of the transmission signal due to the acoustic transfer characteristics of the human body.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a transmitter (a) caches one or more MAC-d PDUs received from a network layer, (b) selects a subset of the MAC-d PDUs for combination into a MAC-e PDU, (c) generates the MAC-e PDU from the subset of selected MAC-d PDUs, (d) caches a data structure to allow re-generation of the MAC-e PDU, wherein the re-generation does not rely on any cached copy of the MAC-e PDU, (e) transmits the MAC-e PDU for receipt by a receiver; and (f) determines whether an ACK was received, wherein if an ACK was received, then the MAC-e PDU is re-generated using the cached data structure and the subset of selected MAC-d PDUs, and steps (e) and (f) are repeated, and if an ACK was not received, then the memories used to cache the data structure and the first subset of MAC-d PDUs are freed.

Abstract: Described herein are mechanisms and methods that facilitate enabling a first network module to “take over” for a second network module. For instance, an access router can he configured to act as a regional mobility agent with respect to a wireless terminal. The wireless terminal can then identify a different access router that is to act as a regional mobility agent, and transmit such request to a mobility agent. The mobility agent can create a tunnel with the access router that is acting as the mobility agent, and such access router can create an add message and transmit such message to other access routers associated with the wireless terminal. The add message informs the access routers that a particular access router is acting as a regional mobility agent and aids in creating tunnels between access routers.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer readable medium for mobile ad hoc network routing based upon a hardware address that comprises, identifying a destination node hardware address of a data packet that is outbound from a host node, searching a host node routing table for a destination node route from the host node to the destination node hardware address, routing the data packet to the destination node route in the event that the host node routing table returns a destination node hardware address, appending a flooding packet to the data packet in the event that the host node routing table returns a null destination node hardware address, and broadcasting the data packet to at least one neighbor node if the data packet has the flooding packet appended to it.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wireless network system and a method for sending and receiving various information and data related to broadcast or multicast services in a wireless network.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wireless network system and a method for sending and receiving various information and data related to broadcast or multicast services in a wireless network.

Abstract: Systems and methods for adjusting channel access based on contention conditions in a communications network are disclosed. The invention addresses the problem of multihop communications networks with varying contention conditions. Particularly, the invention addresses the channel access for common communications channels of a single or plurality of multihop configurations.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for indicating a transmission status to a higher layer are disclosed. In the transmitting entity, a radio link control (RLC) entity sends a packet delivery notification regarding delivery status of a higher layer message to a higher layer entity based on hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback information obtained from an HARQ entity. The RLC entity may send the packet delivery notification to the higher layer entity based on an RLC status report. Alternatively, the HARQ entity may send the packet delivery notification to the higher layer entity and/or the RLC entity based on HARQ feedback. The higher layer entity may update the higher layer message before retransmitting the higher layer message. If the RLC entity segments an RLC service data unit (SDU) and delivery of at least one segment of the RLC SDU fails, the RLC entity may discard the RLC SDU.

Abstract: A method for transmitting feedback information in a mobile communication system using Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is provided.

Abstract: A method and a device for implementing Network Service Provider (NSP) realm discovery, which are designed to discover the NSP realm by the user equipment in wireless communication network. In the present invention, the network side notifies the user equipment of the NSP realm; the user equipment receives the realm notified by the network side and discovers the required NSP realm.

Abstract: A wireless network scanning order may be optimized based on at least one item of known information. The at least one item of known information may include a wireless network usage history, scheduling information from a scheduling application, location data, or other items of information. Availability of one or more wireless networks may be predicted based on the at least one item of known information and a wireless network scanning order may be altered, such that a scan for a wireless network having a higher likelihood of availability occurs before a scan for other wireless networks. In other embodiments, a schedule may be created based on the at least one item of known information to predict availability of a wireless network. Based on the created schedule, a processing device may automatically wake up from an inactive state and may use a wireless network to exchange information via the wireless network.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for extending the standby battery life of a wireless device by reading scheduling information to determine the time when the wireless device should be in the wake-up state to read system information, and going back to the sleep state until the start of the transmission of a new SIB broadcast cycle as determined based on the scheduling information.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for determining whether a particular Access Point (AP) is to be designated as an Infrastructure Access Point (IAP) or a Backhaul Mesh Access Point (BMAP) based on the connectivity of the particular AP to a network which includes at least one multicast heartbeat message (MCHBM) source. Techniques are provided which can allow an Infrastructure Access Point (IAP) to change its device type to a Backhaul Mesh Access Point (BMAP) device type when the IAP determines that connectivity to the network is lost. Other techniques are provided which can allow a Backhaul Mesh Access Point (BMAP) to change its device type to an Infrastructure Access Point (IAP) device type when the BMAP determines that connectivity to the network is established.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of multicasting video streams. The method includes accessing, at a base station, a first packet from a video stream that includes a plurality of packets. Each packet in the video stream is assigned to either a base layer or at least one enhancement layer. The method also includes encoding the first packet using a coding scheme selected based on whether the first packet is assigned to the base layer or an enhancement layer.

Abstract: A wireless broadcast system that collects content for distribution over a wireless communication network. Multiple content streams are received and interleaved into an aggregate content stream. The aggregate content stream is encapsulated into a stream of transport packets that are ruggedized for broadcast over the wireless communication link. One connection identification is associated with the entire aggregate content stream. The aggregate content stream is packetized into multiple service data units. An identical signal that includes the service data units and one connection identifier is broadcast by multiple synchronized transmitters in a single frequency network. The content can include multimedia data, such as audio/video data, movies, game, audio broadcasts, television network programs, or other types of multimedia content.

Abstract: A wireless broadcast system that collects content for distribution over a wireless communication network. At least one content stream is received and encapsulated into a stream of transport packets that are ruggedized for broadcast over the wireless communication link. The stream of transport packets are simultaneously broadcast as part of an identical signal from a plurality of synchronized transmitters in a single frequency network. The content can include multimedia data, such as audio/video data, movies, game, audio broadcasts, television network programs, or other types of multimedia content.

Abstract: A wireless broadcast system includes receiving a data a stream by a convergence module. The convergence module partitions and encapsulates the transport packets into MAC protocol data units such that a size dimension of the encapsulated transport packets matches a size dimension of the MAC protocol data units. The MAC protocol data units are then provided to a transmitter that is synchronized to a plurality of transmitters in a single frequency network so that each transmitter in the network broadcast an identical signal that includes the MAC protocol data unit.

Abstract: A system and method embeds text in a multicast transmission. An exemplary method comprises receiving non-voice data. The non-voice data is embedded within digitized voice data. The digitized voice data with the embedded non-voice data is wirelessly transmitted, by a computing device, as a multicast transmission to a plurality of mobile devices.

Abstract: Wireless communication apparatus (20) includes a transmitter (22), which includes a first plurality of transmit antennas (26) mutually separated by a first spacing, and which is configured to transmit signals via the transmit antennas over multiple spatial sub-channels, the signals having respective phases. A receiver (24), which includes a second plurality of receive antennas (28) mutually separated by a second spacing, is configured to receive the signals over the multiple spatial sub-channels via the receive antennas. The first and second spacings are chosen so as to maximize a linear independence of the respective phases of the signals received at the receive antennas.

Abstract: A portable information device includes first and second enclosures and a hinge portion connecting those enclosures. The first enclosure has: an antenna; a plurality of active circuits for predetermined frequency bands; a first circuit that demultiplexes reception signals into input signals with the predetermined frequency bands to output the input signals to the active circuits and multiplexes output signals with the predetermined frequency bands to output the multiplexed output signals as transmission signals to the antenna; and a second circuit that multiplexes the input signals and demultiplexes transmission signals into the output signals to output the output signals to the active circuits.

Abstract: A method and system for managing service flows based on a Relay Station (RS). The method includes the steps of establishing a mapping relation of a connection between an RS and Subscriber Station/Mobile Subscriber Station (SS/MSS) and a connection between a BS and RS in an RS; transforming a connection identification in a data packet according to the mapping relation established, and then implementing an interaction of the data packet between the BS and SS/MSS according to the transformed connection identification. An SFID and related properties (i.e. QoS binding) of a flow can be uniformly managed in the BS, so that the RS only implements a connecting re-mapping function. Therefore, the complexity of the RS can be decreased effectively. Furthermore, there is no need to move the flow status in the handoff process, and the handoff time delay can be decreased effectively.

Abstract: A satellite communication network includes one or more satellites and multiple ground stations, or ground stations. An originating ground station receives an Internet communication, determines when a satellite will be within range, and transmits a stream of data packets including part or all of the communication to the satellite when in communication range. The satellite either forwards the data packets to another satellite, or determines when a destination ground station will be in sight and transmits the data packets to the destination ground station when in range.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for communication processing are disclosed. The apparatus includes a network connecting unit, a wireless connecting unit, and a processing unit. The network connecting unit is for use in connecting with internet and communicating a first communicating signal with the internet. The wireless connecting unit is for use in connecting with a portable communication device and communicating a second communicating signal with the portable communication device through a first communicating connection or a second communicating connection. The processing unit is used for converting the first communicating signal into the second communicating signal and vice versa. When a communication request is received by the communication processing apparatus, an available or a stable communicating connection can be established, such that the possible interruption of the communication can be avoided and the cost of communication is also reduced.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer readable medium using a hierarchical multicast protocol in a mobile ad-hoc network, comprises identifying a parent node, determining a sub-group node in communication with the parent node, determining a maximum number of host nodes in communication with the sub-group node, determining an address of the parent node based upon the determined sub-group node and the determined maximum number of host nodes, setting an address of the sub-group node based upon the determined address of the parent node, and applying a host node address to at least one of the host nodes based upon the set sub-group node address.