Abstract: A method and apparatus of controlling a transmission power of a cognitive radio (CR) environment, the method including: sensing an incumbent user that uses a same channel as the CR environment; detecting signal quality information of the sensed incumbent user; calculating, using the detected signal quality information, a maximum transmission power value that corresponds to a maximum transmission power that may be transmitted by a CR base station in the CR environment; and controlling a communication of the CR environment to be performed within the calculated maximum transmission power value.

Abstract: Disclosed herein a communication system in which communicating stations are interconnected via a first transmission path and a second transmission path, the communication system including: a data transmitting station for dividing one piece of transmission data to generate two data packets, assigning the data packets to the first transmission path and the second transmission path, and transmitting each data packet; and a data receiving station for receiving the data packets from the data transmitting station via the first transmission path and the second transmission path, obtaining the original transmission data by combining the data packets assigned to the respective transmission paths with each other, and transmitting a packet including a response to reception of the data packets from the first transmission path and the second transmission path simultaneously.

Abstract: In one exemplary embodiment, a method includes: obtaining feedback from at least one mobile terminal in a communication system; determining, based on the obtained feedback, whether at least one of a downlink shared channel transmit power and a transmission pattern should be modified, wherein the downlink shared channel is used to communicate with a plurality of users; and in response to determining that at least one of the downlink shared channel transmit power and the transmission pattern should be modified, modifying at least one of the downlink shared channel transmit power and the transmission pattern. In a further exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: transmitting a communication to the plurality of users via the downlink shared channel, wherein the communication is a multimedia broadcast/multicast service transmission and the downlink shared channel is a high speed downlink shared channel or a physical downlink shared channel.

Abstract: A base station access system and a base station data transmission method. The system includes a base station and a broadband access point. A embodiment of base station data transmission method includes: a base station assigns sequence number identifications to uplink data packets, the base station sends the uplink data packets with the sequence number identifications out via multiple xDSL links; by the broadband access point arranges the uplink data packets according to the sequence number identifications of the received uplink data packets, broadband access point extracts the arranged uplink data packets, the broadband access point sends the extracted uplink data packets out. The embodiment of the present invention improves the transmission band of the base station accessing while ensures the transmission distance of the base station accessing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method including providing at least one route update message based upon at least one sector list associated with an access terminal. The sector lists are formed based on information collected by the access terminal.

Abstract: A method comprising transmitting a busy signal from a first node; receiving said busy signal at a second node; and transmitting data from said second node to said first node on a channel associated with said busy signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for dynamic channel allocation in a multiple channel wireless communication system are provided. The apparatus includes a scheduler for dividing resources to be used for a band Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) channel and a diversity channel, a generator for generating a MAP heading field including physical distribution information on the band AMC channel and the diversity channel, and a mapper for mapping the MAP heading field to a predetermined physical resource region.

Abstract: A processing capability for data communication with a packet terminal is secured while packet loss is prevented, and a load to a mobile station in a handover is reduced. A wireless communication system comprises mobile stations 101 and 102 each having a wireless interface a configured with an antenna 11a and a wireless transmission/reception unit 12a as well as a wireless interface b configured with an antenna 11b and a wireless transmission/reception unit 12b, MAC addresses being assigned to the wireless interfaces, and base stations 201 and 202 for performing data transfer with the mobile stations 101 and 102, a L2SW 302 for switching base stations that performs the data transfer, and a packet terminal 401 for performing the data communication with the mobile stations 101 and 102. When the mobile stations 101 and 102 perform the handover, a data transfer MAC address assigned to the wireless interface (one of a and b) is reassigned to the other wireless interface.

Abstract: A connection control system and method for Wireless Broadband (WiBro) communication system are provided. The connection control method for a mobile communication system, which includes at least one radio access station for providing communication service to a portable subscriber station, and at least one access control router for controlling the radio access station, includes relaying, at a radio access station, an initial ranging request message from the portable subscriber station to an access control router; transmitting, at the access control router received the initial ranging request message, an initial ranging response message to the radio access station and neighbor radio access stations; and relaying, at a radio access station currently synchronized with the portable subscriber station and received the initial ranging response message, the initial ranging response message to the portable subscriber station.

Abstract: A handoff method between a source network to which a terminal is connected in order of a Base Station (BS) and an Access Service Network (ASN), and a target network to which the terminal is connected in order of a Packet Data Service Node (PDSN), a Packet Control Function (PCF) and an Access Network (AN). The terminal sends a handoff request message with AN information of the target network to the ASN via the BS. The ASN forwards the handoff request message to the PCF via the PDSN using the AN information. Upon receipt of the handoff request message, the PCF sends a request for session information to the ASN via the PDSN. The PDSN sends a request for context information to the ASN. Upon receipt of the session information request and the context information request, the ASN transfers the context information to the PDSN and transfers the session information to the AN via the PDSN and the PCF.

Abstract: Method and improvements for joining wireless mesh networks are provided. In one embodiment, a controller in each network receives a message from a node in its respective network, the message indicating that the respective nodes each received a signal from a node in the other network. Each controller, in response to receiving the respective messages, validates the other network, and responsively (a) directs its respective node to enter a bridging mode and (b) provides its respective node with bridging data that includes a security key for communications between the two nodes. The two nodes then associate with each other using the security key, allowing communications to pass between the two wireless mesh networks.

Abstract: A method for selecting a route by a node between a source node and a destination node in a wireless mesh network by establishing the route between the source node and the destination node using media access control addresses is described. A method for a node to selecting a route to join a multicast group in a wireless mesh network using media access control addresses, is also described.

Abstract: A novel and useful apparatus for and method of improving idle connection state power consumption in wireless local area network (WLAN) system. Beacon transmission delay information is determined by the access points and advertised to the stations via a Beacon Transmission Delay Information Element. In response, the stations adjust their Wake For Beacon Reception time accordingly to wake up at a time much closer to the actual receipt of the Beacon, thereby reducing power consumption due to the reduced time the receive circuits need to be powered on.

Abstract: A novel and useful apparatus for and method of improving idle connection state power consumption in wireless local area network (WLAN) system using variable Beacon data advertisements. The invention takes advantage of the fact that Beacon contents to not change significantly between consecutive messages. Access points determine the size of the variable portion of their Beacon messages and include this size information in a special Variable Beacon Data Information Element in the Beacon message itself. The station reads the contents of this information element and uses the size information to determine at what point it is able to abort the reception of the Beacon message and turn off it's receive radio thereby saving power.

Abstract: In the presence of high priority traffic received at a mobile station over a wireless medium or to be transmitted by the mobile station over the wireless medium, a fragmentation threshold in a wireless local area network (WLAN) medium access control (MAC) layer of the mobile station is adjusted according to a highest priority of the traffic. Packets received by the WLAN MAC layer are fragmented into packets each of which is no larger than the fragmentation threshold.

Abstract: A method and device for realizing smart antenna in WCDMA system are disclosed in the invention, including array antenna, radio frequency channel module, beam forming module, channel environment detection and classification module, beam-forming algorithm selection and weight value generation module. After processing the signals received by the antenna array in RF channel, the baseband array data X including multiple components is obtained, then the channel environment is estimated and identified according to the characteristics of said array data, and the channel type which the channel belongs to is determined; the corresponding adaptive beam forming algorithm is selected according to the identification result of the channel type, so as to calculate the uplink weight value W including multiple components; said array data X and weight value W are multiplied so as to form beam Y.

Abstract: An uplink channel transmission power control method is provided for a CDMA mobile communication system performing one way communication. A base station measures the received level of data transmitted from each mobile terminal at each channel, and generates a transmission power control signal of each uplink traffic channel. The generated transmission power control signals are multiplexed, and the multiplexed common transmission power control signal is transmitted to all mobile terminals by using the common channel shared by the mobile terminals. Each mobile terminal derives the transmission power control signal of the uplink traffic channel used by the terminal, from the received common transmission power control signal, and controls the transmission power of a data packet.

Abstract: A probe, listen and select (PLS) technique can be used to select from an available frequency spectrum a frequency band whose communication quality is suitable for wireless communication at a desired rate. Probe packets can be transmitted on different frequencies (223) during a known period of time (TPLS), and frequency channel quality information can be obtained (225) from the probe packets. This quality information can then be used to select a desirable frequency band (227). The communication quality of the selected band can also be used as basis for selecting (141) from among a plurality of modulation and coding combinations that are available for use in communications operations.

Abstract: A method for measuring Inter-Frequency/Inter-RAT in Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) includes: setting an Inter-Frequency/Inter-RAT measurement time to prevent Inter-Frequency/Inter-RAT measurement time from overlapping constantly the transmission time of MCCH information; performing Inter-Frequency/Inter-RAT measurement by a UE according to the Inter-Frequency/Inter-RAT measurement time. In the present invention, the Inter-Frequency/Inter-RAT measurement time can be prevented from overlapping constantly the time when UTRAN transmits the MCCH information, so that the problem that the UE cannot receive MCCH information during Inter-Frequency/Inter-RAT measurement time may be solved. In the invention, a measurement time setting device is also provided for implementing Inter-Frequency/Inter-RAT measurement in Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service.

Abstract: Various embodiments are disclosed relating to techniques for protecting transmissions in a wireless network. According to an example embodiment, it may be determined at a wireless node whether the wireless node is exchanging transmissions with a plurality of wireless devices associated with a plurality of different signal types in a wireless network. An extended protection request may be sent from the wireless node to a first transmitting device to defer transmission of information for the wireless node for a requested deferral duration. The first transmitting device may defer transmission of information for the wireless node during a deferral period corresponding to the requested deferral duration in response to the extended protection request.

Abstract: A method of using a wireless communication system to determine locations is provided. The method including exchanging communication frames between at least two synchronized nodes in the communication system, wherein each communication frame includes at least one of data signals and radar signals. Determining distances of at least one of nodes and reflective sources based in least in part on at least one of direct and reflected radar signals and determining locations of at least one of the nodes and the reflective sources based on the determined distances.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and a training sequence setting method for performing frame synchronization in a wireless communication system. A received signal is affected by a frequency offset due to an oscillator mismatch between the transmitter and the receiver, which is one of the main causes of performance degradation of frame synchronization. In a prior Constant Amplitude Zero Auto-Correlation (CAZAC) sequence, the larger the frequency offset becomes, the more conspicuously the performance degradation of the frame synchronization occurs. The proposed training is designed to maintain a prior CAZAC property during a differential detection so as to perform a differential detection-based frame synchronization sequence insensitive to the frequency offset. As a result of performance verification, the proposed training sequence indicates that its performance of the frame synchronization is irrespective of the frequency offset, and has a better performance than the prior CAZAC sequence and random sequence.

Abstract: Apparatus for recording multi-party Internet Protocol (IP) sessions at a branch, the apparatus comprising: a data capturer, deployed on a device in a local network of the branch, configured to capture at least one data packet of a multi-party IP session involving the branch; and a recorder, deployed on the device, associated with the data capturer, and configured to receive at least one of the captured data packets from the data capturer and to record the received data packets.

Abstract: A sub-data packet drop method and a dynamic base method for improving the performance of voice calls routed through data packet networks. A voice engine processor of the present invention comprises a smart jitter buffer, which is a jitter buffer couples with a sub-data packet drop method and a dynamic base method to prevent an anomaly that result from data packet scramble or delay. One advantage of the present invention is utilizing dynamic base method to avoid misjudging the delayed time of data packets. This method utilizes timestamp field in RTP header to dynamically change the base packet to compensate for initial jitter delay, and then the total voice latency can be reduced. Another advantage of the present invention is utilizing sub-data packet drop method by which a segment of data packet stream representing background noise or silence would be dropped; consequently the quality of voice call can be smoother.

Abstract: In a method for processing contents of a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) message, a SIP sender sends a SIP message, and a SIP network content processing entity sets the message contents of the SIP message based on an acquired management strategy for the message content. A network for processing contents of a SIP message is also provided. Message contents of the SIP message may thereby be changed in the SIP message in accordance with the user's will and the strategy of the operator.

Abstract: Techniques for video encoding and decoding channel switch frames (CSF) to enable acquisition and re/synchronization of the video stream while preserving compression efficiency is provided. Systems and methods to process multimedia data enabling channel switching are presented. The systems generate a CSF with one or more network adaptation layer (NAL) units as a random access point (RAP) frame. Back-to-back frames are transmitted which include the CSF and a non-RAP frame, each having the same frame ID number.

Abstract: System and method for processing received packets. A QuickNak (QN) packet may be received. The QN packet may include a segmentation and reassembly (SAR) packet. The SAR packet may be delivered to a SAR receiver and it may be determined if there are missing packets, e.g., after delivery of the SAR packet. If there are missing packets, a QN indication may be generated and provided to the SAR receiver. Alternatively, the SAR receiver may receive the SAR packet with the QN indication. Accordingly, the SAR packet may be stored in a reception buffer or delivered to an upper layer, e.g., depending on current state variables. The SAR receiver may update the state variables and determine if there are missing packets. If there are missing packets, the SAR receiver may deliver an indication of the missing packets.

Abstract: A communication system, which includes an intercom master-station and an intercom door-station connected to a Regidential LAN, uses a DHCP protocol to assign IP addresses. The intercom master-station includes a setting management table, which sets connectivity per terminal name; a temporary address memory, which temporarily registers an IP address and MAC address of the intercom door-station, when APR-G is detected therefrom; and a management controller, which issues a terminal type request to the temporarily registered address and, when receiving a terminal type response to the terminal type request and determining that the intercom door-station is connectable to the intercom master-station, based on the connectivity associated with the terminal name in terminal type information, formally registers the temporarily registered address in a destination address memory.

Abstract: Disclosed is a packet switch apparatus applied to Internet Protocol (IP) network, the packet switch apparatus including: an Ethernet switch to perform packet switching, the Ethernet switch including a plurality of ports and a layer 3 table. The plurality of ports include a dummy port, which has an available port number allowing hardware-access, discards packets switched to the dummy port, and exists as a logical number, the layer 3 table storing Media Access Control (MAC) addresses corresponding to IP addresses of hosts and information about corresponding connection ports. A controller determines the nonexistence of the MAC address, virtually sets the MAC address corresponding to the destination IPv6 address, and updates the layer 3 table of the Ethernet switch chip as if the host of the set virtual MAC address were connected to the dummy port, when the MAC address corresponding to destination IPv6 address of the packet trapped by the Ethernet switch chip does not exist.

Abstract: A method for reducing multicast traffic over a network is described. A control request is received. A first ranking indicator associated with the control request is compared with a second ranking indicator associated with a node that received the control request. A first response to the control request is generated. The first response is stored in a queue. A second response associated with the control request is received. The first response is removed from the queue without being sent to the network.

Abstract: Sleeping device(s) may be changed from a sleeping state to an awake state using a multicast packet that sent to a multicast address of a multicast wake-up group. The packet may include an identifier for one or more particular device(s) in the multicast group, which, when received by the device(s), causes the device(s) to wake up.

Abstract: Described is a communication device which includes a receiver receiving a multicast communication including audio data and identification data identifying an initiator of the multicast communication, a memory, an audio output, a processor processing the multicast communication, sending the processed audio data to the audio output to be played to a user, sending the identification data to the memory to be stored and initiating a unicast communication with the initiator based on the identification data and a transmitter transmitting the unicast communication to the initiator.

Abstract: A method and system for synchronous page addressing in a data packet switch is provided. Within the packet switch, separate devices are responsible for storing a portion of a received data packet, and thus a view of used memory addresses seen by one device matches that seen by the others. Each device uses the same order of memory addresses to write data so that bytes of data are stored as a linked-list of pages. Maintaining the same sequence of page requests and sequence of free-page addresses to which to write these pages ensures consistent addressing of the portions of the data packet.

Abstract: Detecting an identifier change of an endpoint includes dialing an identifier associated with an endpoint to initiate a call to the endpoint. A network indicator indicating a change of the identifier is detected. A new identifier associated with the endpoint is determined, and a record is updated to reflect the new identifier associated with the endpoint.

Abstract: Described are a network, network device, and method for a method of distributing routing information for a virtual private network (VPN) application through a packet-switched network (PSN) having fully meshed provider edge (PE) routers through Provider Backbone Bridge (PBB) tunnels. Each PE router is configured to support at least one VPN and to run a BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) as an auto-discovery process for finding one or more other PE routers attached to the same VPN. A given VPN is associated with a PBB tunnel. A service instance identifier (I-SID), as defined in IEEE 802.1ah, is assigned to the VPN. Each PE router advertises membership in the VPN by including the I-SID assigned to the VPN in a BGP message issued during the auto-discovery process.

Abstract: A plurality, i.e. at least two, cells are combined into a macro cell. In a macro header of said macro cell a full numbering information of a first cell of said plurality of cells is stored. For further cells of said plurality of cells other than said first cell, a deviation information indicating a deviation of a numbering information of the respective further cell from said full numbering information of said first cell or one of said further cells is stored. In some embodiments, additionally the headers of the individual cells are incorporated in the macro header.

Abstract: An information-based system for controlling the display of digital content dependent upon a state-based controller comprised of status and intelligent-assistant logic. In an exemplary embodiment, the system programmatically integrates distributed automata theory processing for alternative, yet interrelated, states of control within a digital content display system. The state-based system provides a number of functional features, including but not limited to, distributed intelligent-assistant control for content packetization and encapsulation; intelligent state-based caching for predictive content distribution; programmatic control of state-based automata for intelligent caching modules; flowthrough administrative control; and multiphasic user experience presentation modules.

Abstract: An optimal configuration of Internet Small Computer Systems Interface (iSCSI) sessions is automatically determined. A number of iSCSI target ports and a number of iSCSI initiator ports in a configuration are determined, and an ideal session count is determined for each iSCSI initiator port in order to maximize efficiency. All iSCSI initiator ports are traversed, and a determination is made which iSCSI initiator ports have less than the ideal session count. For those iSCSI initiator ports that have less than the ideal session count, the iSCSI target ports that are currently not logged into an iSCSI initiator ports that have fewer sessions than the ideal sessions. The steps of finding and attempting are repeated until a current total number of active sessions equals the number of iSCSI target ports.

Abstract: An Ethernet frame nester nests Ethernet frames addressed to a plurality of remote station devices affiliated with a shared station device on the basis of the correspondence relation between a MAC address of the station device and MAC addresses of the remote station devices stored in a table and the transmission destination addresses of the Ethernet frames. The Ethernet frame nester then converts them into an RPR frame. When receiving an RPR frame addressed to the own station device, an Ethernet frame extractor extracts Ethernet frames from the RPR frame and transmits each Ethernet frame to the addressed remote station devices.

Abstract: Described are a network device and method for distributing routing information for a virtual private network (VPN) application through a packet-switched network (PSN) from a first provider edge (PE) router to a second provider edge (PE) router. An Ethernet switched path (e.g., a Provider Backbone Transport (PBT) tunnel) is established between the first and second PE routers. The first PE router is at a source end of the Ethernet switched path and the second PE router is at a destination end of the Ethernet switched path. A BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) message is sent from the first PE router to the second PE router. The BGP message contains routing information for a VPN route in a VPN supported by the PSN. An association between the VPN route in the VPN and the Ethernet switched path is determined from the routing information in the BGP message.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, apparatus and computer programs for improving performance and resource utilization of cluster-based data processing systems. The number of persistent connections between first and second data processing units of a system is adjusted according to monitored performance of communications between the nodes. The monitored performance measure is the queuing delay between the nodes, and the number of connections is increased and decreased as changing load conditions increase and decrease the queuing delay. A method of establishing and closing persistent connections in response to a monitored queuing delay between a front-end gateway computer and each of a cluster of back-end servers is used to improve the performance of a cluster-based Web server or provision of Web services. Unwanted connections are closed to enable system resources to be allocated to other processes.

Abstract: A network is provided that includes: a central node (30) and a plurality of other nodes (32); a plurality of first communication links (34) interconnecting the central node (30) to the plurality of other nodes (32) to form a star network topology; and, a plurality of second communication links (36) interconnecting the plurality of other nodes (32) to form a mesh network topology.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a method for networking a computer cluster includes communicatively coupling together each of a plurality of client nodes through one or more switches, each switch comprising a plurality of switch ports. The method also includes positioning at least two of the one or more switches inside a switch package. In addition, the method includes electrically interconnecting at least a subset of the plurality of switch ports of the at least two of the one or more switches within the switch package.

Abstract: The invention provides an Ethernet physical layer (PHY) receiver. Ethernet PHY signals are simultaneously transmitted through first, second, third, and fourth duplex channels. The Ethernet physical layer receiver comprises a deskew first-in first-out (FIFO) module and a deskew control module. The deskew FIFO module includes four deskew FIFO buffers for respectively holding the Ethernet PHY signals of the duplex channels, wherein the Ethernet PHY signals of the duplex channels are respectively retrieved from the deskew FIFO buffers for further processing through read points of the deskew FIFO buffers.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a first interface configured to transmit or receive backbone traffic, a second interface configured to transmit or receive non-backbone traffic, and a third interface in communication with the first interface and second interface, the third interface configured to multiplex or demultiplex the backbone traffic and the non-backbone traffic is disclosed, wherein the backbone traffic is traffic that will be, is, or has been B-tagged. Also disclosed is a node comprising a processor configured to implement a method comprising receiving a first data stream comprising backbone traffic, receiving a second data stream comprising non-backbone traffic, and multiplexing the first data stream with the second data stream.

Abstract: A management device comprises: a receiving section that receives, from at least one information processor via a fire wall, a polling signal to inquire if there is a demand to transmit to the information processor; a deciding section that decides a transmission timing of the polling signal due to the information processor; and a transmitting section that transmits a reply to the polling signal that is received by the receiving section, the reply including the transmission timing decided by the deciding section.

Abstract: A management device comprises: a receiving section that receives, from at least one information processor via a fire wall, a polling signal to inquire if there is a request to send to the information processor or not; and a sending section that sends a response for the polling signal that is received by the receiving section, the response including an instruction to change a sending interval of the polling signal to the information processor.

Abstract: A method and system for a multi-rate Media Access Control layer (MAC) to Physical layer (PHY) interface is provided. The method to provide a multi-rate Media Access Control layer (MAC) interface comprises receiving a first set of signals, sampling the first set of signals to determine a type of interface to be used to transmit or receive the first set of signals or a subset of the first set of signals, generating a select signal indicating type of interface to be used based on the sampling step and transmitting the first set of signals or a subset of the first set of signals using the interface indicated by the select signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for multiplexing five channels, such as 10 Gb/s to 50 Gb/s, into a single data sequence using a 5:1 multiplexer using a 1/5th ratio duty cycle clock. The 1/5th ratio duty cycle clock is a clock with a period equal to the channel data rate, and a pulse width equal to the period of data rate five times higher. The 1/5th ratio duty clock is combined with a proper combination of delays and phase shifters to allow the use of AND gates and OR gates to combine the five channels in a proper sequence to create a serial five-times higher data sequence.

Abstract: A device is dedicated to assisting the reconstruction of synchronization signals, for example within an item of communication equipment of an IP network. This device comprises i) a phase-locked loop charged with reconstructing, on the basis of a second sampled ramp signal received, a reference clock signal and a second ramp signal identical to, and in phase with, that having been sampled, and ii) processing means charged with determining in a first sampled ramp signal received, representative of a synchronization signal to be reconstructed and each sample of which is associated with a sample of the second ramp signal corresponding to a determinable sampling period, the value which corresponds to the first sample of this first sampled ramp signal received as well as the sampling period corresponding to this value, and then to initialize with this value a synchronization counter which is synchronized with respect to the second reconstructed ramp signal, on the basis of the reconstructed reference clock signal.