Abstract: A tunable optical filter comprising an index grating produced in a waveguide defining a longitudinal direction of propagation of an incident optical signal, said grating being defined by a plurality of optical parameters, is characterized in that the optical guide contains semiconductor nanoparticles and in that the index grating is made up of a refractive index variation in the guide that is at least partly induced by a Kerr effect linked to the 3rd order dielectric susceptibility (?3) of said nanoparticles, at least one of said parameters of said index grating being modified by application of an optical control signal coupled into the guide and propagating longitudinally in said guide.

Abstract: A display system includes a light source 110 and a spatial light modulator 122 located to receive light from the light source. The spatial light modulator (e.g., a DMD) includes a number of independently controllable elements that are activated for a period of time to display light of a desired brightness. A light sensor 136 is located to determine a characteristic of light from the light source 110. A control circuit 126 is coupled to the spatial light modulator 122 and controls the period of time that the independently controllable elements are activated. This period of time is based at least in part by an input received from the light sensor 136.

Abstract: A light managing screen may provide a rear projection screen, front projection screen or component thereof. The screen may comprise a polymeric composition including a first polymeric material, and a second polymeric material disposed as a plurality of elongated structures within the first polymeric material. Each elongated structure has a major axis and the major axes are substantially aligned. The first polymeric material has an index of refraction that differs by at least 0.01 from an index of refraction of the second polymeric material. In some instances, a pressure sensitive adhesive material is selected as the first polymeric material. The orientation of the elongated structures and the difference in indices of refraction results in the polymeric composition scattering light asymmetrically.

Abstract: An AOTF control apparatus, which applies an RF signal to an AOTF to allow a selected light to pass through the AOTF, includes: a first calculating unit calculating a relationship between a frequency of the RF signal and a wavelength of the selected light based on a frequency of the RF signal that allows a reference light to pass through the AOTF; and a second calculating unit calculating a relationship between a power of the RF signal and an attenuation amount of the selected light based on an input/output power of the reference signal at the input/output of the AOTF.

Abstract: A wavelength selecting apparatus includes a wavelength selecting filter and that a monitoring filter are similar acousto-optic tunable filters; a light source that outputs light having a specific wavelength to the monitoring filter; a light receiving unit that detects a wavelength of light that has passed the monitoring filter; and a control unit that outputs, to the wavelength selecting filter, a control signal having a control frequency to selectively pass light of a desirable wavelength. The light source includes a light emitting element that emits light of a wide wavelength band; and an optical filter having at least two transmission bands through which the light passes to the monitoring filter. The control unit, based on at least two wavelengths of the light output by the light source, outputs a control signal having a control frequency corresponding to the desirable wavelength.

Abstract: A projection system, a spatial light modulator, and a method for forming a micromirror array such as for a projection display are disclosed. The spatial light modulator can have two substrates bonded together with one of the substrates comprising a micro-mirror array. The two substrates can be bonded at the wafer level after depositing a getter material and/or solid or liquid lubricant on one or both of the wafers if desired. In one embodiment of the invention, one of the substrates is a light transmissive substrate and a light absorbing layer is provided on the light transmissive substrate to selectively block light from passing through the substrate. The light absorbing layer can form a pattern, such as a frame around an array of micro-mirrors.

Abstract: A MEMS device such as an interferometric modulator includes an integrated ESD protection element capable of shunting to ground an excess current carried by an electrical conductor in the MEMS device. The protection element may be a diode and may be formed by depositing a plurality of doped semiconductor layers over the substrate on which the MEMS device is formed.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator includes a mirror plate comprising a reflective upper surface, a louver surface having a recess in the lower surface, a first cavity having an opening on the lower surface, and a cantilever situated under the recess and connected with the lower portion of the mirror plate. The mirror plate can tilt around a hinge component extending into the first cavity. The hinge component is supported by a stationary substrate. The tilt movement of the mirror plate can be stopped when the cantilever comes to contact with a stationary object.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a MEMS device includes the formation of support posts having horizontal wing portions at the edges of the post. A mechanical layer is deposited over the support posts and portions of the mechanical layer overlying portions of the support post other than the horizontal wing portions are etched away. A resultant MEMS device includes a mechanical layer overlying at least a portion of the horizontal wing portions of the underlying support structures.

Abstract: A dimming device is provided by using a material which is capable of transitioning between a metallic reflection state and a transmitting state. The dimming device has a layered structure including a first layer and a second layer, such that the light reflectance of the first layer changes in response to an external stimulation. The first layer contains a first material whose optical characteristics change in accordance with a concentration of a specific element. The second layer contains a second material capable of containing the specific element, the second material releasing or absorbing the specific element in accordance with the external stimulation.

Abstract: A medium for electrophoretic display using a liquid for electrophoretic display which can reversibly change a visible state by action of an electric field includes a medium comprising each independent structures of microcapsules or cells filled with a liquid for electrophoretic display comprising at least alkylpolyetheramine having a structural unit represented by a specific structural formula, one or more kinds of fine particles, a dispersant and a dispersion liquid medium, wherein the fine particles contain fine particles subjected to surface treatment for making lipophilic. Also, an electrophoretic display device includes a display device comprising a pair of substrates in which a light-transmitting electrode is formed on at least one substrate and the medium for electrophoretic display described above between the substrates.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling propagation of incident electromagnetic radiation is described, comprising a composite material having electromagnetically reactive cells of small dimension relative to a wavelength of the incident electromagnetic radiation. At least one of a capacitive and inductive property of at least one of the electromagnetically reactive cells is temporally controllable to allow temporal control of an associated effective refractive index encountered by the incident electromagnetic radiation while propagating through the composite material.

Abstract: An optical modulator module is disclosed, comprising a bendable flexible printed circuit board in which a circuit pattern is formed, and to which control signals are inputted from the outside; an optical modulator element modulating an incident light according to a driving voltage and sending out the modulated light; an at least partially transparent substrate through which the incident light and the modulated light pass, and in which a circuit pattern is formed; and a driving integrated circuit electrically connected with the flexible printed circuit board, and supplying the optical modulator element with the driving voltage according to the inputted control signals, the flexible printed circuit board being electrically connected with the substrate.

Abstract: A simple and low-cost apparatus amplifies short optical pulses (e.g., in the femtosecond domain) to high pulse energies using energy stored in an enhancement cavity. The enhancement cavity is first filled with pump light from a pump laser; and a signal laser then directs a signal pulse into the cavity, where the signal pulse and pump laser both pass through a non-linear medium for parametric amplification of the signal pulse, wherein energy from the aggregated pump light is transferred to the signal pulse, which then exits the enhancement cavity.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for local oscillator generation are provided. In a method embodiment, a method of signal processing includes splitting a signal having a first frequency into at least a first portion and a second portion. The method also includes generating a second signal having a second frequency at a predetermined frequency difference from the first frequency by optically modulating the first portion. In addition, the method includes generating a third signal having a frequency component at a frequency that is approximately the same as the predetermined frequency difference from the first frequency by combining the second portion with the second signal.

Abstract: An optical amplifier system and controller and a method for automatically controlling the usable signal power of an optical amplifier are provided. The method differentiates between the total optical power that includes the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), and the useful amplified optical signal power at the output of the amplifier. The optical amplifier system comprises an optical amplifier, a first and a second photodetector operable to measure the power of the input and output signals of the optical amplifier and an amplification controller with a control input. The amplification controller is operable to compensate for the ASE power when operating in automatic signal power control mode.

Abstract: A collector that includes a laser produced plasma (LPP) extreme ultra violet (EUV) light source and a first optical path from the source to a mirror. The mirror is the first mirror that light emitted from the source and traveling along the first optical path impinges upon. The collector also includes a second optical path from the source to another mirror. The other mirror is the first mirror that light emitted from the source and raveling along the second path impinges upon. The mirror and the other mirror are oriented relative to the source such that light from the source traveling along the first optical path travels in a direction opposite to light traveling from the source along the second optical path. A collector having a discharge extreme ultra violet (EUV) light source.

Abstract: A combination of filters for filtering selected wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation is provided on a transparent substrate such as a plastic film or glazing of a window. The combination of filters prevents or attenuates the passage of wavelengths through the substrate into a building, where the passage of the wavelengths into the building could adversely affect people or machinery within the building. The combination of filters is useful improve wireless networks performance by blocking or attenuating undesired electromagnetic interference, and radio frequency interference.

Abstract: A UV-bandpass filter for transmitting therethrough light having a wavelength included in a UV-region. The bandpass filter is an optical filter including a thin silver film; wherein the thin silver film includes an entrance face and an exit face opposing the entrance face, for emitting light having a wavelength included in a specific UV-region whose wavelength ranges from 250 nm to 400 nm in the light having reached the entrance face, and has such a thickness as to yield a transmittance of 10% or less with respect to light having a wavelength excluding the specific UV-region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microscope for conventional fluorescence microscopy (Epi fluorescence) and for total internal reflection microscopy, including at least one light source (1) for the conventional fluorescence illumination and at least one light source (2) for the evanescent illumination, and including an objective (4), wherein the illuminating light coming from the light sources (1, 2) on different illumination paths (5, 6) enters the objective (4) via a beam combiner (7) and from there is passed to the sample (8), characterized in that the exit pupil of the objective (4) is imaged on the beam combiner (7) and the beam combiner is structured such that it guides the illuminating light used for the conventional fluorescence illumination and the illuminating light used for the evanescent illumination into the objective (4) along beam paths (5, 6) which are geometrically separate from one another, and preferably run parallel or coaxially to one another.

Abstract: A system microscope has a specimen mounting part which mounts a specimen, an inverted microscope including an illumination path which radiates illumination light from under the specimen mounting part, and an observation optical path which acquires detection light emitted from the specimen to which the illumination light is radiated, a microscope with upright frame including an illumination path which radiates illumination light from above the specimen mounting part, and an observation optical path which acquires detection light emitted from the specimen to which the illumination light is radiated, and a driving unit which moves at least one of the inverted microscope and the microscope with upright frame in a plane perpendicular to the observation optical path of the inverted microscope or the microscope with upright frame.

Abstract: A portable screen device having a dual shaft structure is disclosed. A left and a right rotation shafts are installed to an upper rod and the center of a lower frame of a screen in the horizontal direction and are connected to a left and a right supports. The rotation shafts are engaged with each other by a single adjusting device. When the screen moved up, the elasticity of the screen is held by left and right elastic wheels such that height of the screen is maintained. A magnet and a magnetic substance contact each other and are separated from each other at the central portions of the left and right supports. Due to rotation of a rotation rod installed in the intermediate portion of the supports, the screen moves up and down. Therefore, volume and weight of the portable screen device are reduced and the stability is increased.

Abstract: Stereoscopic device, including a first image detector and a second image detector, a first entrance pupil, receiving a first image of an object, a second entrance pupil, receiving a second image the object, a directional image separator, receiving the first and second images from the respective first and second entrance pupils, a common optical imaging assembly, located between the entrance pupil and the directional image separator, conveying the images from the respective entrance pupils to the directional image separator, providing the first image to the directional image separator in a first source direction, and providing the second image to the directional image separator in a second source direction, wherein the directional image separator includes a directionally selective surface, the directionally selective surface reflecting the first image in a first target direction, towards the first image detector, and transmitting the second image in a second target direction, towards the second image detector,

Abstract: In a method of transforming light, an optical film for performing the method and a display device having the optical film, an optical film includes an anisotropic film, an isotropic film, a ?/4 phase difference film and a ?/2 phase difference film. The anisotropic film having a first refractive index with respect to a first ray and a second refractive index with respect to a second ray. A refractive index of the isotropic film is substantially identical to the first refractive index. The ?/4 phase difference film delays wavelengths of the first and second rays by about ?/4. The ?/2 phase difference film delays the wavelength of the second ray by about ?/2.

Abstract: The invention concerns an optically variable element and a security product having such an optically variable element, a foil, in particular an embossing foil or a laminating foil having such an optically variable element, and a process for producing such an optically variable element. The optically variable element has a thin film layer succession with at least one spacer layer for producing color shifts by means of interference. In a first region of the thin film layer succession the spacer layer is of a different layer thickness from in a second region of the thin film layer succession. In that case the layer thicknesses of the spacer layer in the first and second regions are so selected that in the first region of the thin film layer succession a first color shift is produced by means of interference and in the second region of the thin film layer succession a second color shift which is different from the first color shift is produced.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention features articles that include a substrate having a first surface and a second surface contiguous with the first surface. The first and second surfaces are non-coplanar. A first multilayer film is disposed on the first surface. A second multilayer film is disposed on the second surface. The second multilayer film is contiguous with the first multilayer film.

Abstract: The light directed from a light source to a concave mirror and the light directed from a display device to an eyepiece optical system are intersected by each other in a layout. This allows the light source, the concave mirror, and the display device to be arranged in compactness adjacent to the eyepiece optical system without increasing the optical power of an illumination optical system. As the result, the apparatus can easily be minimized in the thickness or the overall size. A hologram optical element is provided where the relationship between the wavelength range ??1 at half of the diffraction efficiency of each of the three primary colors of the light in the hologram optical element and the wavelength range ??2 at half of the intensity of each of the three primary colors of the light emitted from the light source is defined by ??1<??2.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention can provide an image display device for modulating light from a light source on the basis of display image data to display an image. The image display device can include a first optically modulating device for modulating light from the light source, a second optically modulating device for modulating light from the first optically modulating device, a relay lens system provided between the first optically modulating device and the second optically modulating device for forming an optical image of the first optically modulating device on a light-receiving surface of the second optically modulating device, and at least one reflecting optical device provided between plural lenses forming the relay lens system.

Abstract: An optical component or optical low-pass filter has two or more regions demarcated by differences in refractive indexes, in which a region having a refractive index different from the refractive index of the continuous region with the largest volume among the two or more regions is formed in the interior of a transparent material. This optical component or optical low-pass filter has regions with different refractive indexes formed in the interior by pulsed laser irradiation or focused irradiation of the transparent material.

Abstract: An optical apparatus uses a variable-optical-characteristic optical element whereby focusing, zooming or the like can be effected without moving a lens or the like and the whole optical apparatus can be arranged in a lightweight structure. The user wears a power transmitting unit 303 by hanging it from his/her neck, for example. The power transmitting unit 303 may be put in a clothes pocket or the like. The power transmitting unit 303 may be placed somewhere around the user. In the power transmitting unit 303, a transmitting circuit 305 is driven by a power supply 304 to send an electromagnetic wave from a transmitting antenna 306 toward variable-focus eyeglasses 302. The variable-focus eyeglasses 302 have a receiving antenna 307 provided on eyeglass frames 308 to receive the electromagnetic wave sent from the power transmitting unit 303. The received electromagnetic wave is, for example, boosted in voltage and rectified to drive the variable-focus lenses.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes a first lens group with a negative refractive power and a second lens group with a positive refractive power. The first lens group includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens arranged in sequence and refractive powers thereof are negative, negative, negative and positive respectively. The first and second lenses are meniscus lenses and two surfaces of the second lens are aspheric surfaces. The third lens is a biconcave lens and the fourth lens is a biconvex lens. The second lens group includes a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens, an eighth lens and a ninth lens arranged in sequence and refractive powers thereof are positive, positive, positive, negative and positive respectively. A cemented doublet lens is composed of the seventh and eighth lenses. The ninth lens is a biconvex lens.

Abstract: A zoom lens device includes, in sequence from an object side to an imaging side, a negative first lens group, a positive second lens group, and a positive third lens group. When the zoom lens device is moved from a wide-angle condition to a telephoto condition, the second lens group moves towards the object side while the first lens group moves firstly towards the imaging side and then towards the object side to thereby reducing the distance between the first and second lens groups. The third lens group moves only when the zoom lens devices focuses.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a zoom lens used for image pick-up optical system of digital still camera, or video camera, and is composed, in order from the object side, of a first group GR1 including a reflection member for bending or folding the optical axis and having negative refractive power, a second group GR2 having negative refractive power, a third group GR3 having positive refractive power, and a fourth group GR4 having positive refractive power, wherein a light quantity adjustment member ST1 for adjusting light quantity is fixed during zooming operation.

Abstract: An image taking apparatus is provided with a lens driving unit that includes a magnetic shaft in which the S pole and the N pole are alternately aligned in a longitudinal direction of the shaft. The lens driving unit also includes a first lens holding frame that holds a first lens and has a first coil, and a second lens holding frame that holds a second lens and has a second coil. The magnetic shaft is inserted in the first and second coils, so that each of the first and second coils form a linear motor in cooperation with the magnetic shaft.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical system that is capable of providing a zoom lens having improved image-formation capability with a reduced number of lenses, and fabricating a slim yet high-performance digital or video camera. The optical system comprises a cemented lens having a cementing surface on its optical axis. Air contact surfaces on the light ray entrance and exit sides of the cemented lens G2 are aspheric, and at least one cementing surface in the cemented lens G2 satisfies condition (1). 6.4<|(r/R)| ??(1) Here r is the axial radius of curvature of the cementing surface, and R is the maximum diameter of the cementing surface.

Abstract: It is to provide a super-wide-angle imaging lens that can be reduced in size and weight, maintain excellent optical performance, and is low in cost. The imaging lens comprises, in order from an object side towards an image surface side, a first lens which is a meniscus lens having a negative power whose convex surface faces the object side, a second lens having a negative power whose concave surface faces the image surface side, a third lens having a positive power whose convex surface faces the object side, a diaphragm, and a fourth lens having a positive power whose convex surface faces the image surface side, wherein conditions expressed by each of following expressions (1) to (4) are to be satisfied: 0?d2/fl?2.0, 0?d4/fl?2.0, ?4.5?f2/fl??1.5, and ?4.5?(r5?r6)/(r5+r6)??0.

Abstract: A projection apparatus including an optical engine, a ring, a lens and multiple casings is provided. The optical engine is suitable for producing an image light beam to project an image onto a screen. The ring is fixed on the optical engine. The lens is disposed outside the optical engine and located at a transmission path of the image light beam. The casings are assembled to the ring and connected to each other to form a lens barrel for fixing the lens, and the lens is driven to move relative to the optical engine and the ring by the lens barrel. The projection apparatus has a smaller overall dimension.

Abstract: A lens module including a base, a sleeve, a lens, a magnetic permeable column, a coil supporter, a coil, and a magnet set is provided. A bottom of the base has a plurality of bumps. The sleeve is rotatably disposed on the bumps. The lens is disposed in the sleeve, and the magnetic permeable column is disposed beside the sleeve. The coil is disposed between two holes of the coil supporter. The magnetic permeable column is disposed through the holes and the coil. The magnet set is disposed beside the coil. The sleeve has a plurality of step portions and each bump contacts the corresponding step portion. When a current is provided to the coil, the electromagnetic force produced between the coil and the magnet set moves the coil along the magnetic permeable column, to push the coil supporter and accordingly rotate the sleeve coupled with the coil supporter.

Abstract: A data storage medium and data storage system with improved efficiency of formatting are provided. One illustrative embodiment of the present invention pertains to a data storage medium. The data storage medium includes a first zone having servo information written with a first frequency, a second zone having servo information written with a second frequency, and a guard band disposed between the first zone and the second zone. The use of different frequencies in different zones contributes to optimizing the properties of the data storage medium, and the guard band contributes to optimizing the usage of the different zones.

Abstract: One or more methods and systems are presented for performing gain and timing acquisition of data read from one or more data sectors of a hard disk drive. The gain and timing information may be used to synchronize a read channel receiver of the hard disk drive to the data read from the data sector(s). In a representative embodiment, the one or more methods comprises determining one or more frequency and phase offsets using one or more preambles of one or more data sectors residing in a hard disk drive. In a representative embodiment, the gain of the one or more preambles may be determined. In another representative embodiment, the one or more systems used to determine one or more phase and frequency offsets, and amplitudes, comprise hardware and/or software capable of utilizing a sequence of consecutive samples provided by one or more preambles of one or more data sectors.

Abstract: A magnetic recording-reproducing apparatus having a rotary head drum around which a magnetic tape is wound for recording and reproducing signals on the magnetic tape, a tape loading mechanism, and a control unit for controlling rotation of the rotary head drum and operation of the tape loading mechanism. The control unit includes a monitoring unit that monitors rotational frequency of the rotary head drum at a tape loading operation, and a first determination unit that determines the presence of dew condensation. An operation unit terminates rotation of the rotary head drum and conducts the tape unloading operation using the tape loading mechanism. A second determination unit restarts the tape loading operation using the tape loading mechanism. A stop control unit stops rotation of the rotary head drum and disables the tape unloading operation using the tape loading mechanism.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting slider/disk fly-height modulation in a hard disk drive is provided. A slider is electrically isolating from an electrically grounded suspension. A signal line is coupled to the slider, the signal line for providing an alert signal when a modulation in fly-height between the slider and an electrically grounded disk of the hard disk drive occurs.

Abstract: A self-servowriting (SSW) method that, with the actuator fully engaged against a compliant structure (e.g., a crashstop), first writes a tightly-spaced open-loop sequence of servo bursts in a segmented spiral path and then continues writing this tightly-spaced sequence under closed-loop servo control while reading back amplitude information from the servo bursts written earlier until the tightly-spaced burst pattern extends over several read-write head (RWH) offset intervals. With the actuator still engaged against the compliant structure, this tightly-spaced startup sequence is then read back by the closed servo control loop to write a number of concentric servo seed tracks, which are then self-propagated across the remainder of the disk surface to produce a final servopattern.

Abstract: System and method for generating a Position Error Signal (PES) reference curve in data storage devices are provided. The method includes scanning a distance of at least one Track Pitch (TP) in a cross-track direction in each servo-burst along a predefined path. One or more TPs in each servo-burst are scanned with a read head. The method further includes, calculating a plurality of samples of each differential signal. A differential signal corresponds to a first read-back signal and a second read-back signal. Thereafter, a plurality of normalized signals are determined. A normalized signal is determined by dividing each sample of the differential signal with a normalization constant. The plurality of normalized signals are combined to generate the PES reference curve.

Abstract: A method determines RW head radial position relative to tracks within a magnetic data disc. This involves sensing both a S-burst signal and a P-burst signal with the RW head. The S-burst signal and P-burst signal are associated with a two-burst servo pattern on the magnetic disc. The S-burst pattern has a phase that remains constant radially across tracks within the magnetic disc. The P-burst has a second phase that rotates radially across tracks within the magnetic disc. By determining a phase difference between a sensed S-burst signal and P-burst signal, it is possible to determine the RW head radial position relative to the tracks on the magnetic disc.

Abstract: Provided are a magnetic recording and/or reading apparatus and a method of manufacturing a power transmitting gear. The magnetic recording and/or reading apparatus includes a power transmitting gear. The power transmitting gear has one end coupled to a loading motor and the other end coupled to a plurality of link gears to transmit power from a loading motor to drive components during loading and unloading of a magnetic tape. The power transmitting gear includes a first gear engaged with a motor gear coupled to a shaft of the loading motor. The power transmitting gear also includes a second gear engaged with one of the plurality of link gears and a shaft member coupling the first and second gears. A space is formed inside the shaft member to prevent the shaft member from deforming during manufacture of the shaft member.

Abstract: A data drive for detecting loading/unloading positions and media type is provided. The drive includes: a drive base; a receiver for receiving a storage media device, the receiver being movably coupled to the drive base and translatable from an unloaded position to a loaded position; a media flag, for detecting a media type of the storage media device, movably coupled to the receiver and translatable from a first position to a second position when the storage media device is inserted into the receiver; a media flag sensor fixedly coupled to the drive base for detecting movement of the media flag; a receiver flag, for detecting position of the storage media device, fixedly coupled to the receiver; and a receiver flag sensor fixedly coupled to the drive base for detecting movement of the receiver flag.

Abstract: A method and combination for mitigating turbulent air flow across an actuator of a data storage device. The combination includes a base deck having a retention cam surface adjacent a mounting pin, and an air diverter having a mounting aperture and a spring portion with a cam follower. The air diverter is confined adjacent the base deck in an operating position by executing the steps of the method to form the combination. The method includes the steps of, providing the base deck, disposing the air diverter onto the mounting pin, attaching a spindle motor with a disc to the base deck, securing an actuator supporting a read/write head to the base deck and affixing a top cover to the base deck, which places the air diverter under a compressive load between the top cover and the base deck thereby fixing the air diverter in the operating position.

Abstract: A structure for installing an information processor into an electronic equipment includes a biasing unit provided in the information processor; and a projection portion provided in a housing of the electronic equipment. In the structure, the protruding portion biases the biasing unit and the biasing unit applies a predetermined pushing force to the housing via the protruding portion when the information processor is installed in the housing.

Abstract: A device streamlines air flow inside a hard disk drive with a stationary afterbody that is located adjacent to each of the disks. A diverter portion of the device enhances the volumetric flow of air through a diffuser and a contraction. The overall function of the device effectively expands the air flow so that the speed of the air flow gradually decreases while pressure increases. This design reduces losses in system momentum due to sudden expansion of the air in the drive. In addition, air flow moving toward the disk pack may be contracted to allow efficient energy conversion from pressure energy to kinetic energy prior to merging of the bypass air flow with the air flow among the disks.