Patents Issued in July 29, 2008
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Patent number: 7406105Abstract: A system and method that facilitates multiple systems of communicating devices, i.e., a master device and one or more implantable slave devices, to coexist on a common, e.g., RF, communication channel having a limited temporal bandwidth while maintaining the required update rate between each master device and its associated slave devices. In embodiments of the present invention, master devices periodically transmit one or more beacon messages that are suitable for identification by other such master devices at a communication range greater than the communication range that may cause interference between systems and thus enabling one or more systems to cause the position of its frame periods to be interleaved with the frame periods of other such systems in anticipation of systems moving in closer proximity and actually interfering with each other.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Alfred E. Mann Foundation for Scientific ResearchInventors: Gregory J. DelMain, Dan Folkman, Paul DeRocco, Lawrence J. Karr
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Patent number: 7406106Abstract: A method of sharing information among a plurality of stations on a communications network, each of the stations being capable of transmitting and receiving frames over the communications network. A group of agreed-upon flags is established, periodic timing is provided in each station that expires after an interval, and a common frame format is defined providing the capability of specifying a current transmit flag set, an old transmit flag set, and a current receive flag set. Each station maintains: a current transmit state set a recent and previous timer expiration set and a current and previous transmit received set. A control frame is generated and transmitted by a transmitting station to all other stations on the communications network each time a flag in a logical union of current transmit flag sets is set and upon the expiration of the timer in the transmitting station.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 2001Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventor: Tracy D. Mallory
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Patent number: 7406107Abstract: An optical power control system for a semiconductor source spectroscopy system controls power fluctuations in the tunable signal from the spectroscopy system and thus improves the noise performance of the system. This general solution has advantages relative to other systems that simply detect reference power levels during the scan and then correct the detected signal after interaction with the sample by reducing the requirements for coordinating the operation of the sample detectors and power or reference detectors. The spectroscopy system comprises a semiconductor source and a tunable filter. The combination of the semiconductor source and tunable signal illuminate a sample with a tunable signal, being tunable over a scan band. The power control system comprises an amplitude detector system for detecting the power of the tunable optical signal and power control system for regulating the amplitude of the tunable optical signal in response to its detected power.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Axsun Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Dale C. Flanders, Xinfa Ma, Walid A. Atia
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Patent number: 7406108Abstract: The VECSEL includes: a heat spreader dissipating generated heat; a laser chip that is disposed on the heat spreader and is excited by a pump beam of a predetermined wavelength to emit a beam of a first wavelength; a Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) crystal that is disposed on the laser chip or the heat spreader and converts the laser beam of the first wavelength emitted from the laser chip into a beam having a second wavelength that is one-half the first wavelength; and a planar external cavity mirror that is directly formed on the SHG crystal and has a predetermined transmittance with respect to the beam of the second wavelength.Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 2006Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Inventors: Jun-ho Lee, Taek Kim, Sang-moon Lee
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Patent number: 7406109Abstract: A hand held laser for treating a skin condition includes a housing comprising a first end, a second end and a cavity therein wherein the cavity includes a substantially light reflective surface and wherein the housing comprises at least one fin extending from an exterior surface of the housing. The laser includes a flash lamp having a first axis and being retained within the cavity in a first selected position and a laser rod having a second axis and being retained within the cavity in a second selected position and wherein the first axis and the second axis are substantially parallel to each other, wherein as the flash lamp is pumped the laser rod produces a laser beam for treating the skin condition.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 2007Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Visibelle Derma Institue, Inc.Inventors: Steven J. Daffer, Zhang X. Song
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Patent number: 7406110Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the power of laser diodes are provided. The apparatus includes an output voltage sensor, which senses output voltages of at least two laser diodes and outputs the output voltages to an optical power controller. The optical power controller generates control voltages for controlling the at least two laser diodes by performing proportional-integral (PI) control on error voltages between reference voltages and the output voltages received from the output voltage sensor.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Inventors: Suk-gyun Han, Duk-soo Kim
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Patent number: 7406111Abstract: In the semiconductor laser diode, a first material layer, an active layer, and a second material layer are sequentially formed on a substrate, a ridge portion and a first protrusion portion are formed on the second material layer in a direction perpendicular to the active layer, the first protrusion portion being formed at one side of the ridge portion, a second electrode layer is formed in contact with a top surface of the ridge portion, a current restricting layer is formed on an entire surface of the second material layer and exposes the second electrode layer, a protective layer is formed on a surface of the current restricting layer above the first protrusion portion and has an etch selectivity different from that of the current restricting layer, and a bonding metal layer is formed on the current restricting layer and the protective layer in electrical connection with the second electrode layer.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 2006Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Inventors: Youn-joon Sung, Tae-hoon Jang
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Patent number: 7406112Abstract: The present invention provides surface-emitting lasers that reduce a laser emission angle and are readily manufactured. Methods for manufacturing the surface-emitting lasers, devices, and electronic apparatuses are also described. The lasers are characterized in that a resonator of a surface-emitting laser includes a light emission surface having a portion that is provided with a lens shaped section formed from a semiconductor layer in a lens shape.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 2005Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Seiko Epson CorporationInventor: Takayuki Kondo
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Patent number: 7406113Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit for processing a plurality of received broadcast signals, such as GPS signals, is operable in two modes: acquisition and tracking. In an acquisition mode, sample reducer combines samples of a received signal for correlation with a locally generated version of a GPS code. In a tracking mode, the sampled signal is provided direct to the correlators without sample reduction. The same correlators are thereby used to increase acquisition speed.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 2003Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignees: STMicroelectronics Limited, STMicroelectronics S.r.l.Inventors: Philip Mattos, Marco Losi
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Patent number: 7406114Abstract: A terrestrial C/A code GPS receiver system digitally samples, filters and stores a segment of 11 half chips of the received composite as a binary number and multiplexes this number for parallel correlation with each of a series of multibit code replicas for the satellites to be tracked. Each of the time delay specific correlation products are accumulated in a cell of a memory matrix so that at least twenty two delays for each satellite may be evaluated each code period providing fast reacquisition, even within a city intersection, as well as correction of multipath tracking and multipath interference. All cells of the memory matrix may be used for an acquisition of a single satellite in about 4 ms. Two satellite tracking, in addition to altitude hold, uses cross track hold alternating with clock hold to update the cross track estimate. Single satellite tracking uses cross track and clock hold together. Navigation data is updated with detected changes in motion including turns.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 2003Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: SiRF Technology, Inc.Inventors: Sanjai Kohli, Steven Chen, Charles R. Cahn, Mangesh Chansarkar, Greg Turetsky
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Patent number: 7406115Abstract: A spread spectrum radar performs a target detection process in a first mode. The target detection process includes performing a slide unit detection a plurality of times while sliding transmission code by predetermined number of chips. The slide unit detection includes transmitting the transmission code and performing a sliding-correlation calculation between the transmission code and a reception code. A method for evaluating the spread spectrum radar includes when the spread spectrum radar is changed to a second mode, which is different from the first mode, stopping the slide unit detection to be performed subsequently to the slide unit detection being performed at a time of changing to the second mode; and transferring a data group that indicates sliding correlation values obtained in the slide unit detection being performed at the time of changing to the second mode.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 2005Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignees: Fujitsu Ten Limited, Fujitsu LimitedInventors: Masao Nakano, Etsuo Kakishita
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Patent number: 7406116Abstract: In a wireless communication network, the location of an addressable receiver relative to the locations of a plurality of addressable sources of electromagnetic radiation is found using probabilistic models of the signal strength measured at the addressable receiver. The inventive method provides location determination on a finer spatial scale than was heretofore available. A region of interest is calibrated via a discrete-space radio map storing probability distributions of received signal strength at the measurement locations. The stored probability distributions are compensated for temporal variability and biases, such as through temporal correlations of the sampled received signal strength.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: University of MarylandInventors: Ashok K Agrawala, Moustafa Youssef
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Patent number: 7406117Abstract: Power spectral density shaping can be used in an XDSL system in order to adjust power spectral density properties of signals transmitted by an XDSL modem. The XDSL modem may include a power spectral density shaping filter, which can be adjusted to change the power spectral density properties of outputted signals. A processor may also perform power spectral density shaping of signals transmitted by the XDSL modem. The power spectral density shaping may be used to increase a downstream transmission rate.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 2002Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Westell Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Greg Bella, Henry Gilsdorf, George Pitsoulakis
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Patent number: 7406118Abstract: A programmable logic device includes a plurality of programmable multi-gigabit transceivers, programmable logic fabric, and a control module. Each of the plurality of programmable multi-gigabit transceivers is individually programmed to a desired transceiving mode of operation in accordance with a plurality of transceiver settings. The programmable logic fabric is operably coupled to the plurality of programmable multi-gigabit transceivers and is configured to process at least a portion of the data being transceived via the multi-gigabit transceivers. The control module is operably coupled to produce the plurality of transceiver settings based on a desired mode of operation for the programmable logic device.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 2003Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Xilinx, Inc.Inventors: Eric D. Groen, Charles W. Boecker, William C. Black, Scott A. Irwin, Joseph N. Kryzak, Yiqin Chen, Andrew G. Jenkins, Aaron J. Hoelscher
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Patent number: 7406119Abstract: A receiver circuit of the modem is coupled to receive a continuous analog signal from a communication channel. This analog signal includes both packet and idle information. A burst mode protocol is also provided, in which packets of digital information are modulated by a transmitter circuit of the modem, thereby converting the packets of digital information into analog signal bursts of discrete duration. These analog signal bursts are transmitted from the transmitter circuit to a telephone line. A receiver circuit monitors the telephone line to detect the analog signal bursts. Upon detecting the presence of the analog signal bursts on the telephone line, the receiver circuit demodulates the analog signal bursts using full processing capabilities of the receiver circuit. However, upon detecting the absence of the analog signal bursts on the telephone line, the demodulating function of the receiver circuit is disabled.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 2002Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Larry C. Yamano, John T. Holloway, Edward H. Frank, Tracy D. Mallory, Alan G. Corry, Craig S. Forrest, Kevin H. Peterson, Timothy B. Robinson, Dane Snow
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Patent number: 7406120Abstract: Channel impulse response estimation employs a training sequence to enable correction for multipath and other disturbances affecting a signal during transmission via a digital wireless communication channel. High-speed packet transmission rates, with a training sequence for each packet, are made possible by training sequence construction enabling fast algorithm processing of received signals for impulse response estimation. Upon reception, a Toeplitz-type mathematical representation is constructed based on transmitted and received versions of a training sequence. The Toeplitz-type representation may then be processed by application of fast algorithms, such as Levinson-type algorithms, to determine coefficients representative of the communication channel impulse response. These coefficients, applied to an adaptive equalizer type of filter, enable correction for signal disturbances incurred in transmission. Channel impulse response estimation methods and systems are described.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 2005Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: BAE Systems Information and Electronic Systems Integration Inc.Inventors: Barnet M. Schmidt, Gary Lomp, Charles R. Giardina
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Patent number: 7406121Abstract: A system and method for equalizing a signal is provided. In one implementation, the method includes generating a partially equalized signal from an input signal based on a plurality of coefficients associated with a feed-forward equalizer (FFE); generating decoded bit values based on the partially equalized signal, the decoded bit values being an equalized output signal; measuring error in the partially equalized signal; and adjusting the coefficients associated with the feed-forward equalizer (FFE) based on the error measured in the partially equalized signal. Values of the coefficient are not used to adjust of the coefficients associated with the feed-forward equalizer (FFE).Type: GrantFiled: October 2, 2003Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Plexus Networks, Inc.Inventor: Ramin Shirani
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Patent number: 7406122Abstract: An equalizer is provided which is capable of making a filter factor to be set in the equalizer having an equalizing filter converge rapidly and a method is provided for setting an initial value for the rapid convergence of the filter factor. In the equalizer having a filter factor computing device to compute a filter factor for an equalizing filter, and a differential detecting circuit to generate a differential signal between a signal output from the equalizing filter and a common pilot diffusing code, an initial value for the filter factor computing device is generated and set by a multipath timing detecting circuit, a reverse diffusing section, and a channel estimating device being operated based on a received signal.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: NEC CorporationInventors: Shinya Shimobayashi, Mariko Matsumoto
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Patent number: 7406123Abstract: A method plays frames of a video adaptively according to a visual complexity of the video. First a spatial frequency of pixel within frames of the video is measured, as well as a temporal velocity of corresponding pixels between frames of the video. The spatial frequency is multiplied by the temporal velocity to obtain a measure of the visual complexity of the frames of the video. The frames of the video are then played at a speed that corresponds to the visual complexity.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 2003Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: Kadir A. Peker, Ajay Divakaran
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Patent number: 7406124Abstract: The invention is related to methods and apparatus that can advantageously be used in a video encoder to improve picture quality, to improve the speed of encoding, and the like. One embodiment of the invention advantageously computes activity measures using an efficient L1-norm, which can advantageously be relatively quickly computed by selected microprocessors. Another embodiment of the invention advantageously allocates bits to macroblocks of a picture based at least in part on the motion activities of the macroblocks.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2003Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Intervideo, Inc.Inventors: Lifeng Zhao, Ioannis Katsavounidis, Kuo-Wei Hsu
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Patent number: 7406125Abstract: An improved per-tone FEQ method with a noise reduction technique using periodic training pilot tones increases the throughput for long-reached modems. This method can reduce the noise effects in estimating FEQ equalizer coefficients. Each per-tone FEQ can be estimated by using the periodic training signals and an averaging technique to remove noise from each sub-channel (EQN. VI). After solving the system equations (EQN. IV), per-tone equalization coefficients of the FEQ equalizer for each group can be combined to obtain the optimized results in the form of the Toeplitz matrix (EQN. V). Each element within the Toeplitz matrix can be derived from the averaging technique used to remove noise from each sub-channel (EQN. VI). To demodulate a signal with the Toeplitz matrix, an inverse of every element in a row of the Toeplitz matrix is taken and multiplied by the sending signal which creates an N Log N matrix.Type: GrantFiled: April 9, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Jabil Circuit, Inc.Inventors: Israel Morejon, Yueping Zeng, Jwalant Dholakia
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Patent number: 7406126Abstract: Various embodiments for addressing the performance objectives of LDSL and examples of smart systems for LDSL are disclosed. An evaluation of the spectral compatibility of two LDSL modes based on two different downstream masks, identified herein as LDSL Wide and Narrow, is disclosed. Spectral compatibility is evaluated in accordance with existing rules. Other embodiments may further comprise determining features of upstream transmission.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 2003Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Brooktree Broadband Holding, Inc.Inventors: Patrick Duvaut, Ehud Langberg, Lujing Cai, Laurent Pierrugues, William Scholtz, Oliver Moreno, Feng Ouyang, Massimo Sorbara
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Patent number: 7406127Abstract: A boundary tracking method applied in an OFDM receiver includes generating a plurality of demodulated signal sets corresponding to part of sub-carriers of a packet according to different boundaries with different positions located at the packet, determining the most precise one of the boundaries according to a plurality of inter-symbol interference (ISI) values according to the demodulated signal sets, and calibrating a timing of a currently utilized boundary.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 2005Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Realtek Semiconductor Corp.Inventors: Chun-Ming Cho, Kuang-Yu Yen
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Patent number: 7406128Abstract: An orthogonal frequency division multiplexed signal generator comprises a data sequence conversion means, a power changing means, an inverse discrete Fourier transform part, and an orthogonal modulation means, and modulates a first data and a second data using modulation systems independent of each other, into an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed signal. The data sequence conversion means arranges the first data to be transmitted, in a predetermined order correspondingly to two or more sub-carriers orthogonal to each other on a frequency axis. The power changing means changes powers of the sub-carriers in accordance with the second data to be transmitted which is independent of the first data. The inverse discrete Fourier transform means generates a time-base waveform by synthesizing the individual sub-carriers. The orthogonal modulation means performs orthogonal modulation on a real axis signal and an imaginary axis signal which are orthogonal to each other to synthesize them.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: D&M Holdings Inc.Inventor: Tadahiko Sakamoto
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Patent number: 7406129Abstract: A data transmission apparatus transmits data signals “S1” and “S2” containing identical serial data “ds” in two frequency bands, and a data reception apparatus receives those data signals “S1” and “S2.” Parallel data “dpl” and “dpl2” obtained from the data signals “S1” and “S2” is subjected to selection or synthesis in a subcarrier selection/demodulation circuit so as to be demodulated into serial data “dsx,” which is then outputted to a MAC section.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shikio Yoshida, Akiteru Deguchi
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Patent number: 7406130Abstract: The present invention is related to a method and system for optimization of channel estimation and synchronization in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless communication system. In accordance with the present invention, all of the training sequences are simply constructed based on a basic code by cyclically shifting the basic code. The training sequences are transmitted from different antennas in parallel without performing inverse fast Fourier transform. As a result, there is no peak-to-average ratio problem. Channel estimation is performed in each receiver based on the samples before fast Fourier transform and the maximum-likelihood estimate of channel response in time domain is then mapped into the frequency domain. The channel estimation is not only very simple in implementation, but also very efficient in computation.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 2006Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: InterDigital Technology CorporationInventors: Yuejin Huang, Robert Lind Olesen, Chang-Soo Koo
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Patent number: 7406131Abstract: A method for digital transmission using an AM transmitter includes operating an output stage of the AM transmitter in a linear mode and correcting the supply voltage of the output stage in the linear mode as a function of an instantaneous drive so as to improve efficiency. The correcting is performed by operating the modulator of the AM transmitter as a switched-mode power supply unit so as to deliver a corrected supply voltage to the output stage, and scanning an envelope of a complex modulated data signal so as to control the correcting. A time constant during the scanning of the envelope enables immediate following of a rise in the envelope. The complex modulated data signal is delayed after the scanning so as to perform the correcting during the delay and prevent an overdriving of the output stage.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 2002Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Deutsche Telekom AGInventor: Dietmar Rudolph
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Patent number: 7406132Abstract: Disclosed is a pre-equalizer, a vestigial sideband (VSB) transmission system using the pre-equalizer, and a VSB transmission method. A first transmit signal is stored in a first memory, and a pre-equalizer pre-equalizes the first transmit signal based on a set tap coefficient. A transmitter modulates the pre-equalized first transmit signal, and sends the modulated signal. The first transmit signal is fed back to a receiver, which demodulates the transmitted first transmit signal and stores the demodulated signal as the second transmit signal in a second memory. Subsequently, the pre-equalizer calculates a tap coefficient based on an error value as the difference between the first transmit signal and the second transmit signal, and updates the set tap coefficient based on the calculated tap coefficient.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 2002Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Electronics and Telecommunications Research InstituteInventors: Jae-Hyun Seo, Yong-Tae Lee, Seung-Won Kim
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Patent number: 7406134Abstract: Methods, circuits, and apparatus for providing an RF up-converter using digital circuits. One exemplary embodiment provides an up-converter that uses multiple channels of parallel digital processing, then serializes individual bits from these channels to achieve higher frequencies. Specifically, I and Q components of a signal to be transmitted are decomposed into multiple components, each phase shifted from another. Quadrature versions of an oscillator signal are similarly decomposed and multiplied with corresponding I and Q signal components. The products are combined and serialized on a bit-by-bit basis to generate an RF signal.Type: GrantFiled: March 4, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Altera CorporationInventor: Ben Esposito
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Patent number: 7406135Abstract: Methods, systems, and media to time-share the signal detection between reference voltages for a data transmission are contemplated. Embodiments include a time-sharing detector that is designed to enable comparison of a first reference voltage and a second reference voltage against the serial data transmission in a specified pattern. In many embodiments, the pattern is pre-defined and, in some embodiments, the pattern includes an overlap period. During the overlap period both the first and the second reference voltages are compared with the data transmission to determine if valid data can be detected. Upon detecting a valid bit based upon one of the reference voltages, an output signal is generated to indicate that the data transmission includes a valid data signal. Advantageously, alternating between the comparisons can reduce power consumption. In many embodiments, the power reduction can be, for example, 50%, depending upon the specified pattern.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Hayden Clavie Cranford, Jr., Westerfield John Ficken
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Patent number: 7406136Abstract: A channel select filter having channel equalization includes a first low pass filter stage, a gain stage, a subtraction module, and a second low pass filter stage. The first low pass filter stage is operably coupled to filter input signals to produce first low pass filtered signals. The gain stage is operably coupled to adjust gain of the input signals to produce gained input signals. The subtraction module is operably coupled to subtract the first low pass filtered signals from the gain input signals to produce first stage signals. The second low pass filter stage is operably coupled to filter the first stage signals to produce channel selected signals.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventor: Henrik T. Jensen
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Patent number: 7406137Abstract: A carrier recovery system includes an in-phase mixer for mixing an incoming signal with an in-phase reference signal to produce an in-phase baseband signal; a quadrature-phase mixer for mixing the incoming signal with a quadrature-phase reference signal to produce a quadrature-phase baseband signal; a DC detector for measuring a DC offset of the quadrature-phase baseband signal; and a frequency synthesizer for generating the in-phase reference signal and the quadrature-phase reference signal according to the DC offset measured by the DC detector. The quadrature-phase reference signal is the in-phase reference signal phase-delayed by ninety degrees. The DC offset of the quadrature-phase baseband signal is caused by a pilot tone of the VSB signal for a selected carrier in an Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) digital television (DTV) receiver. By minimizing the DC offset, the carrier recover system locks the quadrature-phase reference signal and the in-phase reference signal to the selected channel.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Realtek Semiconductor Corp.Inventors: Cheng-Yi Huang, Bao-Chi Peng, Wei-Ting Wang
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Patent number: 7406138Abstract: A method for estimating memory-enabled transmission channels, having the following steps: determining a first estimation ? of the pulse response of the transmission channel; estimating the additive interferences of the transmission channel; and correcting the first channel estimation while taking into consideration the estimation of the additive interferences. The first channel estimation is performed using a matched filter or a least squares estimation.Type: GrantFiled: April 5, 2000Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: IPCOM GmbH & Co., KGInventor: Frank Kowalewski
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System and method to identify a modulation format of a data frame within a cellular wireless network
Patent number: 7406139Abstract: The modulation format of a data block (frame) received from a servicing base station by a wireless terminal in a cellular wireless communication system is identified. This involves first receiving several radio frequency (RF) bursts of one data block (frame) from the servicing base station. The RF burst carries a number of modulated symbols. The training sequence is extracted from the RF burst and is made of a number of modulated symbols. The training sequences are first processed assuming a first modulation format to produce a first accumulated channel energy. Then, the training sequences are processed assuming a second modulation format to produce a second accumulated channel energy. The first and second accumulated channel energies are compared to determine which accumulated channel energy is greater. The modulation format of the data block is identified as the modulation format corresponding to the greater accumulated channel energy.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Baoguo Yang, Nelson Sollenberger -
Patent number: 7406140Abstract: A loop interference canceller that carries out an adaptive operation of responding to time variations of the phase or level of loop interference wave or key station wave at high speed and with high accuracy and reduces the size of an apparatus. The loop interference canceller of the present invention limits the number of data pieces of the transmission path characteristic estimation section, realizes expansion to the entire band not through interpolation but through 0 insertion in a frequency domain and windowing after time domain transformation to reduce the number of data pieces processed and speed up the adaptive operation of the loop interference canceller, and can thereby realize high trackability for time variations of the phase and level of loop interference wave or key station wave, increase the accuracy of processing inside, perform high accuracy cancellation operation, reduce the circuit scale and achieve an advantageous effect of realizing miniaturization of the apparatus.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 2003Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoshinori Kunieda, Hidekuni Yomo, Yoshihito Kawai, Kenichiro Hayashi, Kazuaki Suzuki
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Patent number: 7406141Abstract: There is disclosed a receiver for receiving a multi-band DMT signal. The receiver includes a plurality of demodulators, each demodulator having a discrete Fourier transform and being provided to demodulate a respective one of a plurality of bands in the multi-band signal, the multi-band signal being modulated in an inverse discrete Fourier transform. A method of demodulating a multi-band signal is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 2000Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventor: Miguel Philipe Paul Peeters
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Patent number: 7406142Abstract: An improved data recovery circuit based on an oversampling technique to select the best data sample to be kept as the data to recover that is only based on accumulating the data edges (or transitions). The incoming serial data stream with jitter is oversampled in an oversampling circuit by means of the multiple phases of a reference clock (clk) to produce data samples. Each sample is compared to the sample(s) collected with the next clock phase(s) in an edge detector circuit to determine the presence of a data edge and the edge information is stored and accumulated in a data edge memory. A selection determination circuit uses the memorized edge information to indicate which sample is the farthest from the data edges. A selection validation circuit validates the selection to avoid false determination due to jitter and skew.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventor: Vincent Vallet
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Patent number: 7406143Abstract: The present invention provides a transceiver couplable to a communications network having a jitter control processor and method of operating the same. In one aspect of the present invention, the jitter control processor of the transceiver includes a receiver stage. The receiver stage includes: (1) a receive time error measurement system configured to generate a receive time error signal as a function of a receive clock signal experiencing jitter and a feedback signal, (2) a jitter processing circuit configured to develop a dejittered control signal as a function of the time error signal, and (3) a clock generator system configured to provide the feedback signal as a function of the dejittered control signal and a transceiver local clock signal.Type: GrantFiled: October 11, 2005Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Agere Systems Inc.Inventor: Roy B. Blake
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Patent number: 7406144Abstract: A clock generator circuit, comprising: a multi-phase clock signal generator for generating a plurality of clock signals having a same frequency but difference phases according to a reference clock signal; a modulation device for generating a phase modulation signal through Delta-Sigma modulation; and a phase modulator, which is electrically coupled to the modulation device, for selecting one of the clock signals to be a modulated clock signal according to the phase modulation signal.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Realtek Semiconductor Corp.Inventor: Ping-Ying Wang
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Patent number: 7406145Abstract: There is provided a jitter detection circuit of a phase locked loop circuit, comprising a comparison circuit. The comparison circuit compares an input clock that is inputted to the phase locked loop circuit and an output clock that is outputted by the phase locked loop circuit. When it is determined that the frequency difference between the input clock and the output clock is outside a predetermined range, the comparison circuit outputs a first anomaly signal. The comparison circuit is constituted as a digital circuit.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 2005Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: NEC Electronics CorporationInventor: Tadayoshi Mori
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Patent number: 7406146Abstract: A shift register circuit includes a shift register unit and a buffer. The buffer is coupled to the output terminal of the shift register unit to delay the output signal from the shift register unit. The overlapped voltage of two output signals from two adjacent shift register units can be reduced.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 2006Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Au Optronics CorporationInventor: Jian-Shen Yu
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Patent number: 7406147Abstract: A shift register includes multiple stages connected with each other in succession. The shift register stores the threshold voltage of an amorphous silicon thin-film transistor in a capacitor. During operation, the bias applied to the transistor is adjusted according to the threshold voltage stored in the capacitor.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 2007Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Wintek CorporationInventors: Shin-Tai Lo, Ching-Fu Hsu, Wen-Tui Liao
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Patent number: 7406148Abstract: A method is for imaging with the aid of a multirow computed tomograph. A volume scan of an examination area of a patient is carried out, with the injection of a contrast medium, at a scanning speed in a scanning direction in order to reconstruct one or more images of the examination area. In the method, the scanning speed is adapted to the propagation speed of the contrast medium in the scanning direction. The method permits the contrast medium requirement to be reduced in the case of CT examinations with the administration of contrast medium.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 2005Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gudrun Russinger, Johann Russinger
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Patent number: 7406149Abstract: A permanent magnet type motor comprising a rotor main body rotatably supported with respect to a stationary member, a rotor which is provided on an outer periphery face of the rotor main body and which is arranged such that S poles and N poles of a plurality of permanent magnets are provided alternately, a stator composed of a stator core arranged at the outer periphery side or inner periphery side of the rotor, the stator core having winding storage sections, and stator windings stored in the winding storage sections, a sensor fixed to the stationary member so as to be proximal to the permanent magnets, the sensor detecting a position of the permanent magnets, a detection target member having a detector for detecting a magnetic resistance change portion formed on the rotor main body, and a rotational position detecting magnetic sensor arranged at the stationary member.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 2007Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventors: Akiyuki Yokoyama, Masahiro Kuroda, Tadahiro Nakayama, Shinichi Kominato, Tomokazu Harada, Yoshinori Saito
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Patent number: 7406150Abstract: A distributed architecture allows for decoupling of mammographic image acquisition and review, thereby enabling more efficient use of resources and enhanced processing. In one embodiment, the system (100) includes a number of image acquisition stations (102) and a number of image review stations (110) all associated with a central server (104). The server (104) is operative to access an image repository (106), a patient information data base (108) and a number of DICOM tools (112). The invention allows for more efficient and/or more convenient use of the image acquisition equipment and image processing stations. Moreover, the distributed architecture including the central image repository provides certain processing and analysis advantages. The invention also provides certain processing and workflow enhancements that allow for a more full realization of potential digital mammography advantages.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 2003Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Hologic, Inc.Inventors: Thomas J. Minyard, Morgan W. Nields, Ted V. Kremer
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Patent number: 7406151Abstract: An x-ray microscope uses a microfocus x-ray source with a focus spot of less than 10 micrometers and a Wolter condenser having a magnification of about four or more for concentrating x-rays from the source onto a sample. A detector is provided for detecting the x-rays after interaction with the sample, and an x-ray objective is used to form an image of the sample on the detector. The use of the Wolter optic addresses a problem with microfocus sources that arise when the size of the focal spot that must then be imaged onto the sample with the condenser is smaller than the field of view.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 2006Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Xradia, Inc.Inventors: Wenbing Yun, Yuxin Wang, Michael Feser, Frederick W. Duewer
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Patent number: 7406152Abstract: In an inspection of an object of inspection with use of X-rays, X-rays are output from an X-ray source disposed fixedly into a range of a predetermined solid angle and, while the object of inspection is moved along a plane within the output range of the X-rays, the X-rays are detected, in positions included in the solid angle and at a plurality of revolved points around an axis oriented vertical to the plane along which the object of inspection is moved, with its detecting surface tilted down toward the axis. Thus, the object can be inspected based on the detected X-rays.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 2005Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Nagoya Electric Works Co., Ltd.Inventors: Atsushi Teramoto, Takayuki Murakoshi
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Patent number: 7406153Abstract: Apparatus for analysis of a sample includes a radiation source, which is configured to direct a beam of radiation along a beam axis to impinge on a target area on a surface of the sample. A detector assembly is configured to sense the radiation scattered from the sample. A beam control assembly includes a beam blocker, which has a lower side adjoining the surface of the sample, and which contains front and rear slits perpendicular to the lower side that together define a beam plane that contains the beam axis and passes through the target area. The front slit is located between the radiation source and the target area, and the rear slit is located between the target area and the detector assembly.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 2006Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Jordan Valley Semiconductors Ltd.Inventor: David Berman
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Patent number: 7406154Abstract: A dose-modulated irradiating system includes an x-ray tube (20) with at least a filament (80) for generating electrons, a cathode (84) and an anode (92) for accelerating and collimating the generated electrons into an electron beam (94), and an electrostatic grid with grid electrodes (110, 112) for steering the electron beam (94) on the anode (92). The anode (92) generates an x-ray beam (96) responsive to the electron beam (94). Grid biasing is provided for applying a time-varying electrical bias to the grid electrodes (110, 112) that produces a first time-varying intensity modulation of the electron beam (94). A current of the filament (80) is modulated to produce a second time-varying intensity modulation of the electron beam (94). A controller (52) controls cooperatively combining the first and second time-varying intensity modulations to produce a combined time-varying intensity modulation.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 2004Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.Inventor: Theodore A Resnick
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Patent number: 7406155Abstract: X-ray device with at least one switch for triggering a signal and at least one receiver for the signal are provided. The receiver may be arranged remote from the switch. The switch (6) includes an energy converter for converting the mechanical energy expended in the event of the switch being triggered into electrical energy. The signal can then be wirelessly transmitted to the receiver (15) by way of a radio link.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 2005Date of Patent: July 29, 2008Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventor: Thomas Schmitt