Abstract: A method for generating packet-based transmission control parameters includes (a) receiving class information of an audio-video (AV) application and characteristic information of an AV packet, from the AV application, (b) receiving status information of a wireless channel and buffer storage time information of the AV packet, from a medium access control (MAC) layer, and (c) generating and outputting the packet-based transmission control parameters on the basis of the received information. In addition, a selective retransmission method includes (a) transmitting packets of an MPEG-2 frame in real-time, (b) checking for any transmission error after the transmission, and (c) if any transmission error is generated, retransmitting only packets of an I-frame. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently support AV service in wireless communication by dynamically controlling transmission control parameters according to a buffer status and by reflecting the characteristics of the AV frames.

Abstract: A technique for managing network traffic is disclosed. According to the technique, a set of VLAN IDs is explicitly identified for use with a first service. The rest of the customer traffic is considered as part of a default service. Traffic that is received at a PE from a customer is examined to identify whether or not the traffic belongs to the first service. For example, the VLAN ID and incoming port of a packet is compared to the set of VLAN IDs that were allocated to the first service on the respective port. Traffic that is identified as belonging to the first service is “extracted” from the default service and forwarded on a path that is related to the first service. The remaining traffic is forwarded on a path that is related to the default service. The service extraction technique can be implemented across an MPLS domain.

Abstract: A method for managing the transmission of messages over a backbone network in which the users are segmented relative to expected quality of service level. The access of the lesser service level users to the backbone network is then restricted, when necessary, to assure high quality or service for the other service level users. The other service customers are charged at a higher rate that reflects the better quality of service being provided to them.

Abstract: A method for optimizing frequency of a clock signal is provided for operations of a network switch. The network switch includes a clock signal generator for generating the clock signal, and a plurality of input/output ports for communicating therevia with at least one network node. Firstly, a control signal is asserted to the clock signal generator according to a certain condition of the input/output ports, e.g. the count of the I/O ports in use or the overall data transmission rate of the I/O ports in use. Then, the frequency of the clock signal outputted from the clock signal generator is adjusted in response to the control signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a packet flow according to the bandwidth of corresponding ports, including a plurality of ports configured to compare a first packet number and a second packet number, and generate a packet flow control signal based on the comparison result, the packet flow control signal being used to control the packet flow.

Abstract: A method and system for emulating a network bandwidth condition includes maintaining a queue for holding packets that are received, maintaining a virtual time that is updated whenever a packet timer is scheduled, and, for a selected packet waiting in the queue, calculating a timer expiration time based on the virtual time. A bandwidth emulation module is controlled by an emulator link that comprises a virtual network link to which a first computer is connected. One or more computers may be linked to the first computer.

Abstract: A method and system for regulating the flow of data packets in a data switching network environment is provided. The network comprises at least one virtual local area network (VLAN), at least one provider edge (PE), and a data switching system. The method comprises the steps of configuring flow policy criteria for data packets for each VLAN and regulating the flow of data packets between the VLAN and the data switching system according to the flow policy criteria. The system for regulating the flow of data packets comprises the means for performing the method steps given above. The method can also regulate the flow of data packets, by defining the flow policy criteria for each virtual forwarding instance (VFI) in the network.

Abstract: A system automatically provisions a data flow. The system provides a flow range. The system receives a data unit associated with an unprovisioned data flow, determines whether the unprovisioned data flow falls within the flow range, and creates an automatically provisioned data flow based on the unprovisioned data flow when the unprovisioned data flow falls within the flow range.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device configured to send and receive messages over a first network and a second network includes a network status detector unit and a network disabling unit. The network status detector unit is configured to detect the availability of the first network and output a first network status signal indicating the availability or unavailability of the first network. The network disabling unit is configured to receive the first network status signal and disable the sending and receiving of messages on the second network when the first network status signal indicates the first network is unavailable.

Abstract: The details of an apparatus and method are disclosed for ensuring that a traffic volume measurement message does not have a validity of CELL_DCH when the user equipment in a UMTS communications system is in CELL_FACH state. The validity is set to other than CELL_DCH at a UTRAN or the UE rejects a message having a validity of CELL_DCH when the UE is in CELL_FACH state.

Abstract: A process for automatically detecting and configuring with the throughput of a network, in which a device: (a) goes into a listen mode; (b) obtains a triplet of successive transitions in a transmitted signal, the triplet delimiting first and second signal levels, one dominant and the other recessive; (c) measures the duration of each of the first and second levels; (d) as a function of the measured durations, obtains a new throughput configuration by determining values for parameters that define a bit length LBIT; (e) validates the new throughput configuration; (g) if at least one throughput adaptation condition is verified, goes into a normal mode, otherwise obtains a next transition of the signal, which delimits with the last previous transition a new level of the signal, then measures the duration of the new level and reiterates steps (d) to (g) taking account of the new signal level.

Abstract: A data ring has two or more disconnectable nodes and a monitoring device for monitoring and driving the nodes. Appliances that communicate with one another can be connected to the nodes. The data ring is distinguished by an additional node that can be connected by the monitoring device. The additional node allows a fault state to be produced deliberately in the other nodes. The deliberate production of a defined fault state in the data ring and the defined propagation of this defined fault state in concatenated data rings results in states being produced in all of the nodes which correctly initiate fault handling routines in the appliances which are connected to the nodes. The fault handling routines are provided as standard and provide the appliances at the node with knowledge of the failure of the faulty node or of the addition of a new appliance at a node.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically configuring a physical port of a switch with features appropriate to a connection type snoops incoming packets to determine the connection type and executes a port configuration macro installed on the switch to apply appropriate features for the connection type.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus that reduce the burden on routers by removing the aggregation and physical Wide Area Network (WAN) interface functions from the router are provided. The aggregation and physical Wide Area Network interface transparently forwards traffic and routing information to and from the WAN without becoming a router. The disclosed forwarding technique and apparatus is applicable to IP protocol as well as other protocols. As provided, the routing device is connected to a forwarding device via the Local Area Network (LAN) and the IP Multiplexer forwards data packets to one or more physical WAN links.

Abstract: A system for providing network access translation device traversal to facilitate communications is provided. The system includes a network access translation (NAT) device, a first Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) client located on the interior of the NAT device, a second SIP client located on the exterior of the NAT device, and a proxy server configured to maintain registration information relating to the first SIP client and the NAT device. The proxy server is further configured to allow the second SIP client to initiate contact with the first SIP client and establish a communication session using the registration information. The communication session is established by traversing the NAT device.

Abstract: A method for performing dynamic link adaptation by a user equipment (UE) in a cellular system, the UE having two coded composite transport channels (CCTrCHs) in an uplink time slot begins by estimating a transmit power for a first transport format combination (TFC) and a second TFC, each TFC corresponding to one CCTrCH. The estimated transmit power for the first TFC is compared with a maximum transmit power threshold of the UE, and is blocked if the estimated transmit power exceeds the threshold. The estimated transmit power for the second TFC is compared with the threshold, and is blocked if the estimated transmit power exceeds the threshold. The combined transmit power of the first TFC and the second TFC is compared with the threshold, and one TFC is selectively blocked if the combined transmit power exceeds the threshold, the blocking being based on a predetermined rule.

Abstract: The present invention extends the TRACE (Time Reservation Using Adaptive Control for Energy Efficiency) protocol to allow multi-hop communication in dispersed radio networks. The nodes in the network are dynamically clustered based on proximity and interference level. Time is divided into superframes, each cluster choosing a frame within the superframe for data transmission to reduce the likelihood of interference.

Abstract: On the case of receiving data frame from a station, the method of the present invention instructs the repeater to replace the content of the receiver address field by the address of the bridge when receiving the frame transmitted from the station, and then forwards the frames to the bridge. On the case of receiving a data frame transmitted from the bridge, the repeater can replace the content of transmitter address field by the address of the repeater itself, and then forwards the data frame to the station.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to identify tags in a wireless tag identification system. Operation of the wireless tag identification system may be controlled to minimize interference or otherwise improve interoperation with a wireless communication system, such as a wireless local area network (WLAN). For example, the timing and/or power of wireless signals produced by the wireless tag identification system can be controlled to provide sufficient space to the wireless communication system to operate properly. The systems may be tightly integrated, e.g., so that tags may be identified by responding to wireless communications traffic as opposed to special purpose tag search signals. The wireless communications traffic may be modified to enhance tag location resolution.

Abstract: A switching and management infrastructure of a mobile communications network is connected to a gateway node by a standard interface initially defined to be used in an other packet-mode communication network, in order to provide a packet-mode connection to an external communication network. As a consequence, the protocols and signaling messages already defined and developed for this standard interface can be used for activating, deactivating and updating a logical packet data context between the infrastructure and the gateway packet node as well as to tunnel data packets therebetween. Also standard gateway packet node and all the existing interworking function thereof can be used for providing packet data services and interworking for the mobile network. Thereby the need for developing and defining a special packet data routing and interworking for the mobile network will be avoided or minimized.

Abstract: Reverse Link (RL) data rate allocation in a High Data Rate (such as 1xEV-DO) system as a function of Forward Link (FL) channel quality. Rate shaping of a throughput profile for multiple Access Terminals (ATs) is performed by adjusting transition probabilities associated with a data rate allocation algorithm. The transition probabilities are adjusted to encourage transitions in a desired direction. In one embodiment, the transition probabilities are adjusted as a function of the FL Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio Ratio (SINR), such as measured per serving sector or as a captured sum total of FL SINR. In another embodiment, the transition probabilities are adjusted as a function of the historical loading condition of the system. In still another embodiment, the transition probabilities are adjusted as a function of differences in rise-over-thermal values between neighboring sectors.

Abstract: An adaptive modulation scheme relating to an RA problem for maximizing the transmission rates of all users for maximum transmission rates in an OFDMA system including some users requiring to use services at fixed data rates. The scheme proposes introduction of an adaptive modulation using linear programming into an existing scheme for a system including a single kind of users, thereby enabling simultaneous execution of the adaptive modulation for all users in a system including two kinds of users. Further, the invention proposes another scheme of sequentially allocating subchannels to the users when the fixed transmission rate has a sufficiently small value, in order to reduce the complexity.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide for switchover from an active processor to a standby processor in a route processor system. An up-to-date copy of information used by a supervisor process at the active processor is ensured by determining necessary event states. One type of event state includes message requests, processing and replies. Three basic types of communication between three different entities (blade, wireless domain services (WDS) and supervisor) are governed by three types of communication protocols: WLCCP between a blade and WDS, LCP between a supervisor and a blade, and checkpoint-type messages between two supervisors.

Abstract: The invention provides systems, devices, and methods for frequency hopping. In one method embodiment, the invention hops between frequencies by using the same channel to transmit data from a master to a slave, and from the slave to the master. One system embodiment provides an enhanced master coupled to an enhanced slave. In one device embodiment, the invention is a computer readable medium adapted to enable frequency hopping in a frequency band.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method of optimizing point-to-point sessions is disclosed. A registration request is received from a mobile node. The mobile node communicates with a current packet controller function serviced by a packet data serving node. Whether the registration request comprises a previous access network identifier is determined. The previous access network identifier identifies a previous packet controller function. Whether the mobile node is serviced by a mobile Internet Protocol is determined. Next, whether the mobile node communicated with a previous packet controller function serviced by the packet data serving node is determined. The method concludes by deciding whether to negotiate a point-to-point session for the mobile node in response to on the determinations.

Abstract: Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems are candidates for higher data rate wireless communication systems. Currently, for a single input single output (SISO) 1802.11a system can provide a transmission data rate up to 54 Mbps. The present invention is a 2 by 2 Multiple In Multiple Out (MIMO) system having a decoding apparatus that increases the data rate to over 100 Mbps but at a computation cost about the same as for optimal decoding for a SISO system and 1/64 of the optimal decoding for a 2 by 2 MIMO system. At a bit error rate (BER) of 10-4 level, the 2 by 2 MIMO system of the present invention provides double the transmission data rate of the SISO system with approximately the same signal to noise ratio (SNR).

Abstract: Techniques for transmitting data from a transmitter unit to a receiver unit in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system. In one method, at the receiver unit, a number of signals are received via a number of receive antennas, with the received signal from each receive antenna comprising a combination of one or more signals transmitted from the transmitter unit. The received signals are processed to derive channel state information (CSI) indicative of characteristics of a number of transmission channels used for data transmission. The CSI is transmitted back to the transmitter unit. At the transmitter unit, the CSI from the receiver unit is received and data for transmission to the receiver unit is processed based on the received CSI.

Abstract: In a multi-carrier access terminal having a transmitter with a single power amplifier, maximum transmission power available for a multi-carrier signal transmitted by the terminal is apportioned among a plurality of carriers on a priority basis. Following apportionment, the carriers are combined into a multi-carrier signal, amplified by the power amplifier and transmitted.

Abstract: The invention is a terminal, system and method for providing inter-frequency and inter-system handovers. A terminal 20? in accordance with the invention includes at least one radio transceiver including P radio receivers and at least one transmitter (16) with P being an integer at least equal to 2. Each radio receiver includes an antenna (41) which receives M encoded data streams. A terminal controller 18 controls the that at least one radio transceiver.

Abstract: A radio communication device wherein, by performing a channel reservation, an arbitrary radio communication with other surrounding radio communication devices may be carried out by setting up a receiving slot according to the amount of receiving data. Each radio communication device may only manage the number of its own receiving slots so as to secure the channel required for communication by its own determination, without needing a process that is accurately synchronous with other radio communication devices. The radio communication device on the data transmission side monitors, by receiving a beacon, an increase in the number of the receiving slots of the radio communication device on the reception side, so as to transmit the data immediately when the number of the receiving slots increases. The reception acknowledgement information from the reception side radio communication device is written in the beacon and returned.

Abstract: A wireless local area network (WLAN) transceiving integrated circuit includes a WLAN interface, an input buffer, an input buffer controller, and a processor. The WLAN transceiving integrated circuit may also include an output buffer, an output buffer controller, a transcoder, and/or an audio Coder-Decoder (CODEC). The WLAN transceiving integrated circuit is installed in a WLAN device that services voice communications. The input buffer receives packetized audio data from the WLAN interface. When the input buffer satisfies a buffer vacancy threshold, the processor and the input buffer controller cooperatively operate to fill at least a portion of the input buffer with packetized audio data. The processor copies packetized audio data from the input buffer and fills the input buffer with the copied packetized audio data to maintain an audio pattern in the input buffer. The input buffer controller fills the input buffer when the processor is available and after copying/filling is no longer effective.

Abstract: An apparatus in a node of a wireless network for setting the data rate for sending data to a remote node, and a method for setting the data rate. The method includes receiving a packet from the remote node, determining a measure of signal quality for the received packet; and selecting the data rate for communicating to the remote node according to at least the determined signal quality. The measure of signal quality is a measure of the EVM of the received packet. One implementation conforms to one or more variants of the IEEE 802.11 standard that uses OFDM packets.

Abstract: A method for establishing communications between a master unit and a plurality of node units. Of the plurality of node units, K node units are assumed to have established communications with a master unit. A first (K+1) node unit of the plurality of node units, desires to establish communications with the master unit. The method includes transmitting from the master unit, a base-station spread spectrum signal having a common signaling chip code, transmitting from the first node unit a second spread spectrum signal with a first identification code using the common-signaling chip code, transmitting from the master unit a third spread spectrum signal with a master unit identification code, using the common-signaling chip code. The method further includes generating at the first node unit using the master unit identification signal, a master unit chip code for transmitting spread spectrum signals to the master unit.

Abstract: A time synchronization system synchronizes local clocks of locating units within a communication system using a known external signal. Each of the locating units receives a radio frequency (RF) signal from a transmitter at a known geographical location and measures the RF signal to produce a respective measurement of the signal and a respective timestamp of the measurement recorded at substantially the same time of the local clocks of the locating units. A controller determines a measured time difference of arrival between the locating units using the measurements and timestamps, computes a time synchronization error between the locating units from a difference between the measured time difference of arrival and an expected time difference of arrival and provides a respective time adjustment to each of the locating units to offset the time synchronization error.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for providing voice channel-related functions in a telecommunications network, whereby first voice channel functions are centrally provided, and second voice channel functions are decentrally provided. The invention also relates to a telecommunications network for implementing this method.

Abstract: A telecommunications system uses software applications called user agents, that are preferably Internet-based and that operate on behalf of users in a telecommunications hosting server to control call connections under control of a telecommunications network server that interfaces with the telecommunications hosting server as well as a connection-based public telephone network. The telecommunications hosting server operates on a computer network on behalf of the user agents to provide call signaling in support of many advanced calling and telecommunications services. The functionality and performance (e.g., execution) of the user agent(s) preferably takes place primarily within the telecommunications hosting server, though user client computers can provide some and possibly all of the user agent functionality, depending upon the particular implementation chosen.

Abstract: A remote user will set up a telecommunication from some remote terminal to some remote access server through a telephone network. Such telephone network will provide calling line identity information of said remote terminal to said remote access server while this first telecommunications being identified by said remote access server as being performed by a remote worker. The remote access server will then acknowledge said telecommunications by rejecting it with some tag. The remote access server will also register the received calling line identity information to which it will associate said forwarded tag. After a complete disconnection of the telecommunications, the remote terminal will initiate an Internet protocol session to said remote access server using the received tag. The remote access server will then be able to identify said remote terminal while the identification procedure be based on the use of the registered calling line identity affected to said tag.

Abstract: A modem detection method is provided for use by a first gateway, the first gateway capable of communicating with a second gateway over a packet network. The method comprises setting the first gateway to a voice mode having a first coding scheme, encoding an input signal using the first coding scheme to generate a first encoded input signal, transmitting the first encoded input signal to the second gateway over the packet network, looking for a first tone in the input signal while the first gateway is in the voice mode, wherein the first tone is indicative of a beginning of a character, detecting the first tone in the input signal; setting the first gateway from the voice mode to a modem mode in response to the detecting; and transmitting the input signal to the second gateway according to the modem mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reserving an appointment in a communications network is described. In one embodiment, a request is received from a caller to schedule an appointment with an enterprise customer, wherein the request is processed in accordance with a media server in the communications network. A scheduling calendar is then accessed. Afterwards, the appointment is reserved with one of a plurality available appointment time slots.

Abstract: A system and method for processing a plurality of requests for a plurality of multi-media services received at a Private Service Exchange (PSX) from a plurality of IP-communication devices. The system includes an IP Segmentation Directory (IP-SD) coupled to the PSX and to a plurality of IP Service Control Points (IP-SCPs), which are operative to process the plurality of requests for the plurality of multi-media services. The PSX is adapted to receive, process and redirect the plurality of requests for the plurality of multi-media services to the IP-SD. The IP-SD further receives, processes and selectively redirects the plurality of requests for the plurality of multi-media services to a predetermined IP-SCP of the plurality of IP-SCPs based on attributes of each of the plurality of requests for the plurality of multi-media services.

Abstract: A method and system for providing intelligent network control services in IP telephony, wherein the system includes a location manager and an IP telephony proxy server. The location manager includes an interface to a legacy telephony service control entity and the IP telephony proxy server includes an IP interface to the location manager. If the IP telephony proxy server requires intelligent network services, then the IP telephony proxy server sends an IP telephony session initiation request to the called party at the location manager. The location manager uses the information to query the legacy telephony service control entity for routing information. When the location manager receives a routing response from the service control entity, the location manager maps the response to an IP telephony session control message back to the IP telephony proxy server.

Abstract: A router comprising a plurality of elements, each having an element identifier, subdivided into a plurality of groups of at least one element. Each group has a common identifier and each member within each group shares redundant capabilities. Each element is capable of communicating with another element by addressing information to the common identifier instead of the element identifier. Optionally, one element can be a member of more than one group. Another option suggests that all elements within a group share essential information associated with a service provided by the group. Another option is implemented through one element of the router identifying a primary element for a group, wherein the primary element serves requests addressed the corresponding common identifier. Yet another option suggests that one element is identified through configuration of the router as a primary element in its group to serve requests addressed to the common identifier.

Abstract: A network monitor that taps data from a network link has first and second interfaces that allow the network monitor to be connected in-line in the network link between two network devices. The monitor has first and second programmable logic devices. The programmable logic devices are arranged to receive parallel data output by the interfaces and to process said data for network analysis purposes. Each programmable logic device is controllable so as to selectively pass a copy of the received parallel data to the other programmable logic device so that the network monitor can operate in in-line mode and not to pass a copy of the received parallel data to the other programmable logic device so that the network monitor can operate in end station mode.

Abstract: An interface module comprises a serial signal transceiver to be connected to an external transmission path and an interface processing unit connected to the transceiver. The interface processing unit comprises a serializer/deserializer circuit, an encoder/decoder, a protocol processing unit having at least two kinds of selectable protocol processing functions, and a communicate mode switch circuit for changing reference clock to be supplied to the serializer/deserializer circuit in conjunction with switching of the protocol processing function from one to another.

Abstract: An Ethernet switch includes a plurality of ports, and the switch is configured to be operable within a temperature range of at least between approximately 0° C. and approximately 60° C. The switch is further configured to be operable within a non-condensing humidity range of at least between approximately 10% and approximately 95%. Also, the switch is configured to support at least one of a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN), a Quality of Service (QoS), a Remote Monitoring (RMON), and a Spanning Tree.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems for populating a data structure. The data structure may be established in a memory unit and may have a total number of N slots for entries. In this case, N is defined as an integer representing the total number of slots in the data structure, and N is further expressible as a power of two with an integer exponent x. Entries may then be stored into L slots of the data structure, with L being defined as an integer representing a number of slots that contain entries. To produce an index value, x bits of a binary representation of L may be swapped. A new data entry is then stored into an entry of the data structure represented by the index value.

Abstract: The problem is to facilitate alteration of a transmission line in the case where the target device establishes a connection on the bus and thereby secures a transmission line in order to transmit stream data in a network of the IEEE 1394 scheme or the like. Stream data outputted from an output device 1 connected to a predetermined network is received by an input device 2. When the output device or a different device has sent an order for setting so that output data of the output device 1 may be inputted to a data input section 2b of the input device 2, the input device 2 conducts input setting based on the order. In addition, when the device which sent the order has sent an order to cancel the input setting, the input device 2 conducts processing of canceling the input setting.

Abstract: The problem is to facilitate alteration of a transmission line in the case where the target device establishes a connection on the bus and thereby secures a transmission line in order to transmit stream data in a network of the IEEE 1394 scheme or the like. Stream data outputted from an output device 1 connected to a predetermined network is received by an input device 2. When the output device or a different device has sent an order for setting so that output data of the output device 1 may be inputted to a data input section 2b of the input device 2, the input device 2 conducts input setting based on the order. In addition, when the device which sent the order has sent an order to cancel the input setting, the input device 2 conducts processing of canceling the input setting.

Abstract: A communication scheme assigns address and determines the setting of address servers. In this scheme other communication devices are prohibited to transmit an address initialization request for a prescribed period of time since one communication device transmitted the address initialization request for an address managed by a control protocol, so that conflict of the initialization requests for the same address will not occur and the problem of assigning the address in overlap to the communication devices will not arise. Also, other communication devices are prohibited to transmit an address server detection request packet for a prescribed period of time since one communication device transmitted the address server detection request packet, so that the conflict on the network by a plurality of address server detection requests will not occur, and it is possible to determine the MAC address server uniquely.

Abstract: A finite state machine and a router adapted thereto for providing a service. The finite state machine is executed on a first and a second distinct hardware modules. The first module has access to a first memory and the second module has access to a second memory. The first and second memory are different and not shared therebetween. At least one transition between a first state and a second state of the finite state machine from the first module to the second module is performed by sending local information of the first module toward the second module. The local information at least indicates the second state of the finite state machine. Local information can be inserted by the router, for example, in a meta-data header.