Abstract: There is described a web-fed or sheet-fed printing machine for security papers, in particular banknotes, comprising a machine frame in which is located a main printing group, the printing machine further comprising an additional printing group, independent of the main printing group, placed upstream of the main printing group with respect to a direction of displacement of the web or sheets for performing additional printing of the security papers prior to printing by said main printing group. The additional printing group comprises an inking module containing at least one inking device, and a printing module comprising a cylinder arrangement including a plurality of cylinders, the printing module being interposed between the inking module and the machine frame of the printing machine.

Abstract: A printing group of a printing machine is comprised of a pair of cylinders each having a circumference that corresponds essentially to a length of a section of a side to be printed. The effective generated surface of at least one of the cylinders comprises, at the most, one break in the circumferential direction. The surface forms, in the longitudinal direction, a plurality of adjacently arranged breaks which, when viewed in the circumferential direction, are arranged in a staggered manner with respect to each other.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for printing a printing substrate web in a web-fed printing press is disclosed. The web-fed printing press has at least one printing unit for printing at least one, preferably several, printing substrate webs. The web fed-printing press comprises a web guide device, through which the or each printing substrate web can be transported in such a way that, independent of the web guidance of the or each printing substrate web through the web guide device, at least one printing substrate web can be processed on an upper side and/or on a lower side by at least one processing device that is positioned in the region of the web guide device.

Abstract: The invention relates to printed products which are folded once, twice or three times, are ejected by a rotary printing machine, or produced by a rotation, are stored temporarily, and then ejected by storage units. The printed products are folded essentially in the center and stitched optionally along the additional fold (F). They are then cut in such a way that the first folded edges (F.1) produced in the rotation, and optionally second and third folded edges (F.2 and F.3), are eliminated. In this way, multiple page stitched printed products are created, the printed products consisting of a plurality of sheets folded inside each other, and having a format that can be derived from the basic format of the rotation.

Abstract: A sheet-fed printing press exhibiting excellent workability is provided, in which even by powder spray in print work equal to conventional one, any printing plate can be used because wear is enhanced by the printing press body and with which low cost can be realized by eliminating the need for changing the printing plate in the middle. A single-side printing sheet-fed printing press, including a print unit, and a sheet fed section having a feeder portion for feeding a sheet to the print unit, is characterized in that at least one of the feeder portion and the print unit has a dust removing means.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a high-throughput apparatus for patterning a flexible substrate and methods of using the same.

Abstract: A printing press cylinder having a cylinder base body and a functional layer, which forms an outer surface of the printing press cylinder, is disclosed. The cylinder base body is made of phenolic resin impregnated textile fibers or of hardboard.

Abstract: A lithographic printing press having a plate cylinder in a covered compartment suitable for on-press imaging and developing a laser sensitive plate is described. The plate cylinder as well as certain other press parts is covered by non-transparent and/or safe-light-passing-only covers so that no or only limited amount of unsafe light passes onto the plate mounted on the plate cylinder during on-press imaging and development. The plate comprises on a substrate a photosensitive layer soluble or dispersible in ink and/or fountain solution and capable of hardening upon exposure to a laser having a wavelength selected from 200 to 1200 nm. The plate is on-press exposed with the laser, developed with ink and/or fountain solution, and then directly prints inked images to the receiving sheets.

Abstract: An imprint lithography apparatus includes an imprint template operably connected to an imprint actuator. The imprint actuator is actuatable to displace the template along an imprint axis to bring the template into contact with an imprintable medium. The template is connected to the actuator via a bearing configured to permit substantially unrestricted displacement of the actuator relative to the template along an axis substantially perpendicular to the imprint axis during release of the template from the imprintable medium.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for handling printing plates on a web-fed printing press is disclosed. Printing plates imaged on an imaging device are assigned a coding relating to the plate cylinder position of the printing couple at which the respective printing plate is used. Imaged printing plates are inserted into cassettes such that printing plates for several printing couples are positioned in each cassette, where each cassette is assigned a data record relating to the position at which each printing plate is arranged within the respective cassette. The loaded cassettes are conveyed to the region of the printing couples where the data record assigned to the cassettes is also made available in the region of the printing couples. The printing plates are removed from the cassettes and, with a comparison to the data record assigned to the respective cassette, supplied to the respective printing couples.

Abstract: A method for handling printing plates, namely for arranging printing plates in cassettes that are used as printing plate repositories during a printing plate change, is disclosed. Each printing plate is assigned a coding before, during or after imaging relating to a plate cylinder position of a printing couple at which the respective printing plate is used. Each imaged and coded printing plate is transported to the region of a cassette. In the region of each cassette, the coding of the printing plates is read out, and in doing so a check is made to see whether the printing plates are located at the correct cassette. If it is established that the printing plates are located at the correct cassette, a defined accommodation position in the cassette is released for each printing plate and the printing plate is positioned at this accommodation position within the cassette.

Abstract: The invention relates to a placement and removal device of a doctor blade in a screen printing impression cylinder mounted on a printing machine. The device comprises a support fixed to the frame of the machine in the extension of the cylinder on which a slide is mounted in a manner that enables it to pivot about an axis parallel to the axis of said cylinder. The slide is provided for enabling a slider to be displaced only parallel to said axis. The slider is equipped with rapid assembling and disassembling means that interact with mating means on the doctor blade for permitting the doctor blade to be rapidly fixed to or removed from the slider. The slider is designed for enabling it, in a first limit position situated on the outside of the cylinder, to rise in order to remove the doctor blade and, in a second limit position inside the cylinder, to be placed in front of the working position of the doctor blade.

Abstract: A method for controlling luminance of a transmissive board at the moment of transmissive illumination, in a short time, at a low cost. The luminance of a control object is made the target luminance by a rough control step of printing ink having a constant light transmittance on a front side or a back side of the control object in a transmissive board. The rough control step is repeated a number times within a range such that the luminance does not exceed the target luminance. The ink is printed on the front side or the back side by controlling the amount of the ink to be printed to a unit area in accordance with a luminance difference between the target luminance and the control luminance which is not eliminated in the rough control step.

Abstract: A rail road freight car truck has a truck bolster and a pair of side frames, the truck bolster being mounted transversely relative to the side frames. The mounting interface between the ends of the axles and the sideframe pedestals allows lateral rocking motion of the sideframes in the manner of a swing motion truck. The lateral swinging motion is combined with a longitudinal self steering capability. The self steering capability may be obtained by use of a longitudinally oriented rocker that may tend to permit resistance to deflection that is proportional to the weight carried across the interface. The truck may have auxiliary centering elements mounted in the pedestal seats, and those auxiliary centering elements may be made of resilient elastomeric material. The truck may also have friction dampers that have a disinclination to stick-slip behaviour. The friction dampers may be provided with brake linings, or similar features, on the face engaging the sideframe columns, on the slope face, or both.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a railway wagon comprising a load carrier and front and rear bogies. The load carrier is releasably connected to, and laterally displaceable in relation to, the respective bogies. Supporting devices are mounted at the ends of the load carrier. They support the load carrier when it is displaced in relation to the bogie. Each supporting device comprises an abutment device which is vertically operable between a pulled-up position and an extended position. At each end of the load carrier there is also a displacing driving device for displacing the load carrier relative to the bogie, and a device that counteracts tilting tendencies of the load carrier. Each abutment device comprises a sliding member, which can slide on the base in the extended position. The railway wagon can thus be displaced, for instance pivoted outwards at one end, to allow a truck to be driven on to or off the same.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pigment compositions which give improved ink flow is provided which comprises treating the pigment, during the pigment synthesis, with a small amount of a long chain aliphatic amine. The pigment compositions obtained can be used for preparing millbase inks which due to their improved flow viscosity (rheology) at high pigmentation can be easily handled as well as flexibly formulated, e.g. a number of final printing inks for different ink applications can be manufactured from a single millbase in a very economical manner. The final inks are preferably used in packaging gravure printing processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for dental impression treatment material and preparation thereof for the purpose of obtaining the superior impression in restoration treatment for dental prosthesis, and for the gingival retraction from the teeth, gingival oozing inhibition and stanching. The composition preferably comprises 67.70 to 71.85% by weight of kaolin clay, 16.05 to 20.00% by weight of distilled water, 10.83 to 11.50% by weight of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, 0.14 to 1.02% by weight of starch powder, 0.42 to 0.43% by weight of silicone oil, 0.03% by weight of coloring agent.

Abstract: A thermally resistant stable composition comprising potato extract and method for making the same is disclosed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a toothed belt (10) having a belt part (13) and a tooth part (14) sticking out of the belt part (13). This method of manufacturing includes a first step of forming a reinforcing-sheet (12) including a fiber sheet and a coating film formed on the fiber sheet by drying the fiber sheet on which an aqueous treatment agent containing a first rubber latex and a first vulcanizing agent is applied, and a second step of reinforcing a surface of the tooth part (14) with the reinforcing-sheet (12) by vulcanizing the first rubber and a second rubber at the same time while adhering a rubber composition, which is a material for the tooth part (14), including the second rubber and a second vulcanizing agent to the reinforcing-sheet (12). The aqueous treatment agent contains the vulcanizing agent in the range of 10 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight for 100 parts by weight of the first rubber.

Abstract: An asphalt mastic is prepared by combining spent activated carbon, that has not been regenerated, with liquid asphalt to achieve a composition that is useful for a variety of applications for which asphalt is used, including aggregate compositions and roofing materials. The activated carbon can also serve as a foaming initiator for the production of foamed asphalt. Still further, the activated carbon can be used as coking unit feedstock and as a quencher for a delayed coking unit.

Abstract: A porous organosilica glass (OSG) film consists of a single phase of a material represented by the formula SivOwCxHyFz, where v+w+x+y+z=100%, v is from 10 to 35 atomic %, w is from 10 to 65 atomic %, x is from 5 to 30 atomic %, y is from 10 to 50 atomic % and z is from 0 to 15 atomic %, wherein the film has pores and a dielectric constant less than 2.6. The film is provided by a chemical vapor deposition method in which a preliminary film is deposited from organosilane and/or organosiloxane precursors and pore-forming agents (porogens), which can be independent of, or bonded to, the precursors. The porogens are subsequently removed to provide the porous film. Compositions, such as kits, for forming the films include porogens and precursors. Porogenated precursors are also useful for providing the film.

Abstract: In an alkali activated hydraulic binder containing slags and aluminium silicates slag, in particular furnace slag in amounts from ?20% (w/w), aluminium silicates different from furnace slag such as for example flue-ash and natural aluminium silicates, such as for example basalt, clays, marl, andesite or zeolite, in amounts from 5 to 75% (w/w) and an alkali activator in an amount, which corresponds to a Na2O equivalent defined as (Na2O+0.658 K2O) (ASTM C 150) between 0.7 and 4% (w/w), respectively related to the entire mixture are present in the mixture as constitutive components.

Abstract: Simplified and improved processes are provided for manufacturing titanium dioxide pigments including a surface treatment whereby a plurality of inorganic oxides or a combination of one or more inorganic oxides with one or more inorganic phosphates are applied to a titanium dioxide base pigment. Aqueous acid-soluble sources of the desired inorganic oxides and/or phosphates are predissolved in an aqueous acid, and these can be added on a batch wise or more preferably on a continuous basis to an alkaline slurry containing the titanium dioxide base pigment and to which aqueous alkaline-soluble sources of the desired inorganic oxides are being or have been added previously. Co-precipitation of the oxides and/or oxides and phosphates is then accomplished by an adjustment of the pH, to provide a surface treated pigment with excellent homogeneity of the deposited mixed oxides and/or oxides and phosphates.

Abstract: A waterproof cements mortar or concrete compound is described. The waterproof compound contains a synergically effective quantity of a composition of water repelling and water reducing agents that are added to the waterproof compound as it is manufactured. Also described are synergic compositions for waterproofing and manufacturing methods for producing said waterproof compounds.

Abstract: In a method for the production of high-strength, acid-resistant concrete by use of water, hydraulic binder and aggregates, a hydraulic binder containing aluminosilicates, calciumsulfate and an activator containing salts of alkalimetals is applied wherein the aluminosilicates are chosen from the group consisting of furnace slag, clay, marl and industry-by-products like flue-ash with the requirement that the Al2O3-content of the binder is greater than 5% (w/w) and that furnace slag is present in an amount less than 35% (w/w) of the binder and that cement kiln dust in amounts from 1 to 20% (w/w) of the binder is applied as activator whereby the hydraulic activator is applied in amounts >400 kg per m3 concrete safeguarding a water/binder ratio from 0.25 to 0.40.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a mountable recreation fable that mounts on the rear of the vehicle while the vehicle is parked and the tailgate is open. The recreation table includes a table top and a table pole attached to the underside of the table top. A table mount attaches to the rear of the vehicle, and the mount includes a receiver for the table pole to be inserted into. The mount is secured to either a striker or a seat headrest in the rear of the vehicle. Advantageously, the recreation table of the present disclosure easily attaches to the rear of the vehicle. The recreation table can be utilized in combination with seats in the rear of the vehicle, and the present disclosure requires no modification to attach the table to the vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a caisson for the transport of goods, in particular to a container. The caisson (11) for the transport of goods comprises a flatbed (14) extractable from said caisson (11); said flatbed (14) is sliding along the bottom internal surface of said caisson (11); characterised in that said flatbed (14) comprises at least one first pair of resting feet (15), hinged in said flatbed (14) in the vicinity of one of its ends, having a first horizontal rest position folded inside said flatbed (14) and a second vertical working position, capable to sustain said flatbed (14) when said flatbed (14) is extracted from said caisson (11).

Abstract: A pallet has a top, load supporting deck 2 with an obverse face and a reverse face. The reverse face of the top deck has at least one pair of pillar seats 20. The pallet has at least one pair of pillars 12 engageable with the at least one pair of pillar seats for raising the top deck above a floor. The at least one pair of pillars 12 are spaced apart to allow the entry of a lift fork. Each pillar 12 has a first end adjacent a side of the top deck and a second end positioned inwardly from the side of the top deck, and a sectional axis 18 extending between the first and second ends. The sectional axis 18 of each pillar is positioned so as to guide the lift fork under the top deck.

Abstract: A portable workstation, in one embodiment, includes a base unit and a table. The base unit includes one or more vertical support members and a platform extending horizontally from the vertical support member. Support legs telescopically extend laterally to support the workstation in an upright position. The platform forms the top of the base unit in an upright position. The table is configured to extend from the base unit and includes a support leg. The table transitions between an extended position and a storage position. When the support legs are in the extended position, the table and support legs provide support to the base unit of the workstation, forming an integrated tripod system. Thus, the base unit may be compact and easily transported in a storage position; however, the platform and the table when extended may provide an ample work surface at a traditional working height.

Abstract: A height-adjustable folding desk includes a desktop and a leg-support connected to the lower surface of the desk. The leg support includes a first “” shaped rod and a second “” shaped rod. The two supporting-foot of the first “” rotationally cross-connected with the two corresponding supporting feet of the second “” shaped rod respectively. The horizontal rod of the first “” shaped rod is pivotally connected with an end of the lower surface of the desktop, and the other end of the lower surface of the desktop is fixed with an adjustable equipment, the lower surface of the adjustable equipment comprises grooves which may contain the horizontal rod of the second “” shape rod. The height of the folding table can be achieved by adjusting the position of the horizontal rod of the second “” shaped rod.

Abstract: A foldable table comprises a first table plate having a first frame; a second table plate having a second frame; a combining rod; one end of the combining rod pivoted to the first protruding bar and another end thereof being pivoted to the second protruding bar; the combining rod being a bent structure; thus, the combining rod can drive the first table plate and the second table plate to be expanded toward two sides or be drawn close; a first supporter having a top end pivoted to the first frame; a second supporter having a top end pivoted to the second frame; and a combining frame; two ends of the combining frame being pivoted to the first frame and second frame; the combining frame being installed with a buckling block; a first linkage and a second linkage.

Abstract: A secure system for transport or preserving valuables, enclosed in a container (1) is provided with an internal controlling element (10) and a mechanism for deteriorating (20, 21) the valuables in case of attack. The system consists of at least one container (1) equipped with a memory card (9) reader (8) connected to internal control element (10) and at least one base (11) provided with an electronic map (12) wherein are recorded data concerning the location of the base (11) adapted to receive such that a user may use the container (1) either as a permanent safe for preserving valuables or for transporting the valuables from the fixed located base (11) at a starting point situated at the sender's (2) to a second base (11) at the recipient's (5).

Abstract: A barrier that includes attack resistant pane(s) (see DEFINITIONS section). In this way, a person behind the barrier can be protected when they are outside. More specifically, the person behind the barrier is protected, at least to some extent, from both: (i) vehicular attacks; and (ii) blast (for example, bombs) and/or ballistic (for example, bullet) attacks. Also, the protected person can see what is happening across the barrier because of the attack-resistant pane(s). Also, if the barrier is unanchored then it can be moved from place to place, for example, by heavy equipment, so that the same barrier can be re-deployed at different outdoor locations (or indoor locations) on an as-needed basis. Preferably, the barrier also includes framing pieces that secure the attack-resistant pane(s) to the body of the barrier, with the framing pieces being covered on one side by an attack-resistant material (preferably, hardened steel).

Abstract: This invention is directed to a controlling curtain opening system in a continuous furnace which comprises a laser photo cell eye system situated in front of the curtain box. The laser photo cell eye system comprises a plurality of laser beams to monitor and adjust to the height of a moving products passing therethrough.

Abstract: The teachings of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for enhanced incineration. A method for improving the performance of an incinerator may comprise separating one or more substances from a process fluid using a classifying centrifuge, ejecting a first substance from the classifying centrifuge, the first substance having characteristics optimized for incineration, incinerating the first substance, and using heat generated from the incineration of the first substance to enhance the combustion efficiency of an additional substance separated from the process fluid.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and a method for at least partially isolating a zone of an industrial furnace. The apparatus includes a hanger block and a hanger clamp. The method includes removably mounting a hanger block with respect to a furnace structure. A hanger clamp is engaged with the hanger block. A curtain structure is mounted in the hanger block, and the hanger clamp is mounted to an adjustable support or mechanism.

Abstract: This invention relates to an industrial furnace roof filler element to allow replacement of a failed heat source during operation. The filler element can include a lower portion, a module, an aperture, a protuberance, a bore and/or a heat source. This invention also relates to a method of operation for an industrial furnace wherein a failed heat source is replaced during operation of the industrial furnace.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention consists of a vertical cylindrical process heater with an overhead convection section, a radiant section containing a contiguous, helical, down flow, tubular radiant coil, and one or more top, downward fired, pulverized coal burners. A second embodiment consists of a cabin type heater having a radiant section of rectangular cross section, a contiguous vertical tube serpentine coil, an overhead convection section, and one or more bottom, horizontally fired, pulverized coal, end wall burners. A third embodiment consists of a process heater with a radiant section and overhead convection section, the radiant section having a vertical cylindrical, contiguous, helical, down-flow tubular coil, contained in a refractory lined enclosure of square cross-section. A continuous chain grate coal stoker is provided at the base of the radiant section.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sewing machine, in particular a chain stitch or a double chain stitch sewing machine and preferably a multiple needle chain stitch or a multiple needle double chain stitch sewing machine employing three stitch forming sewing elements, namely a needle, a looper, and a spreader, with said spreader spreading a thread triangle of a looper thread in which the needle carrying a needle thread plunges for the connection of the needle thread to the looper thread, and with said sewing elements being driven through at least one driving means. The invention further relates to a sewing element for a sewing machine, in particular a chain stitch or a double chain stitch sewing machine, preferably a multiple needle chain stitch or a multiple needle double chain stitch sewing machine, said element consisting of a spreader that spreads a thread triangle of a looper thread in which a needle carrying a needle thread plunges for the connection of the needle thread to the looper thread.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a needle holder of multiple needles, the needle holder is connected with a needle bar on one end and equipped with a needle receiver with several open needle accommodating parts on the other end, so that it is convenient to process and manufacture. With cooperation of a needle retainer, the needle accommodating part of the needle receiver can become a closed structure to allow the ends of the needles to insert and be fixed on position by a needle fastening member on the needle retainer. Wherein, due to the open structure of the whole needle receiver of the needle holder, the manufacture is more precise and accurate, in addition, the processing, maintenance and replacement are more convenient, so as to become a structure of high precision and easy manufacture.

Abstract: A boat with a controllable wake, including a boat hull with a propulsion system. A wake controlling device includes first and second plates with a bottom surface which is convexly curved between their forward and rear ends, and first and second mounts secured to the port and starboard sides, respectively, of the boat transom and securing the forward ends of the plates for pivoting about axes which are behind the boat transom and generally lie parallel to the plane of the aft boat bottom adjacent the first and second mounts. Plate controls extend between the transom and the plates to adjustably pivot the plates relative to the mounts. A plurality of generally triangular fins extend from the plates at substantially right angles to the plate bottom surfaces and extend at substantially right angles from the axes. Side plates are on the lateral edges of the first and second plates.

Abstract: A vehicle positioning guide for mounting on the front of a vehicle comprises a mounting means for mounting the vehicle positioning guide onto the front area of a vehicle. A guide mast has at least an extended in-use reference configuration whereat the guide mast is positioned in a substantially vertical front plane oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, such that the guide mast is longitudinally aligned with the front of the vehicle, and such that the guide mast is viewable from the driver's seat of the vehicle, thereby accurately indicating the front end of the vehicle to a driver.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a tactile warning panel inlay system and method. Such system is comprised of a panel formed with an exposed surface having a plurality of tactile warning protrusions and a support surface configured to contact a substrate matrix. The panel includes a plurality of apertures extending from the exposed surface to the support surface. Further, a plurality of two-piece fasteners are configured to extend individually through an aperture included in the plurality of panel apertures to secure the panel to the substrate matrix. Each fastener includes a head conformed to the shape of the tactile warning protrusion and a threaded shank for extending through the panel and which has an anchor member threadably secured thereto.

Abstract: A method and device to navigate excavation towards a target buried in an excavatable material, for example excavation near an underground pipeline by excavation equipment. The device generally comprises indicating material arranged to be buried in the ground in proximity to the target. The indicating material is arranged to be frangible for permitting a portion of the indicating material to be removed from a remainder either by tearing, separation at separated sections or separation at perforated lines of severance. Different visual proximity indicators on the indicating material cause different sections of the indicating material to be visually distinct from one another corresponding to different degrees of proximity to the target. In use, the indicating material is placed in the ground and excavation towards the target results in portions of the material being removed. Proximity is indicated by associating which section a removed portion of the indicating material corresponds with.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feedback systems that are used with power tools to provide the user with sensory feedback information allowing the user to determine the position of an adjustable portion of a power tool with respect to a stationary portion of a power tool or with respect to a workpiece without having to refer to a scale or manual measuring device. This feedback information may make it easier and faster for the user to determine the orientation or location of an adjustable portion of a power tool or determine the orientation or location of the workpiece with respect to an operational member of the power tool allowing the user to concentrate his thinking on executing the operation instead of concentrating on set up.

Abstract: In the production of GaN through the flux method, deposition of miscellaneous crystals on the nitrogen-face of a GaN self-standing substrate and waste of raw materials are prevented. Four arrangements of crucibles and a GaN self-standing substrate are exemplified. In FIG. 1A, a nitrogen-face of a self-standing substrate comes into close contact with a sloped flat inner wall of a crucible. In FIG. 1B, a nitrogen-face of a self-standing substrate comes into close contact with a horizontally facing flat inner wall of a crucible, and the substrate is fixed by means of a jig. In FIG. 1C, a jig is provided on a flat bottom of a crucible, and two GaN self-standing substrates are fixed by means of the jig so that the nitrogen-faces of the substrates come into close contact with each other. In FIG. 1D, a jig is provided on a flat bottom of a crucible, and a GaN self-standing substrate is fixed on the jig so that the nitrogen-face of the substrate is covered with the jig.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing crystals wherein crystal quality can be kept and a crystal composition is uniformed from a growth early stage to a growth last stage are provided. In an apparatus for producing crystals wherein the crystals 13 are grown from a liquefying raw material 12 in a crucible retained in a furnace and slowly cooling the raw material 12 in the crucible 11 from below upward, the apparatus comprises a raw material supply apparatus 18 which supplies a resupply raw material, and a reflection plate 20 placed above the crucible 11, which liquefies the resupply raw material 19 supplied from the raw material supply apparatus 18 and drops it as a liquid into the crucible.

Abstract: A nitride crystal is characterized in that, in connection with plane spacing of arbitrary specific parallel crystal lattice planes of the nitride crystal obtained from X-ray diffraction measurement performed with variation of X-ray penetration depth from a surface of the crystal while X-ray diffraction conditions of the specific parallel crystal lattice planes are satisfied, a uniform distortion at a surface layer of the crystal represented by a value of |d1?d2|/d2 obtained from the plane spacing d1 at the X-ray penetration depth of 0.3 ?m and the plane spacing d2 at the X-ray penetration depth of 5 ?m is equal to or lower than 2.1×10?3.

Abstract: A protrusion (21b) is formed on a central region of an inner surface (21c) of a first disc plate (21) constituting an end on an inclined lower side of a rotating drum (2). Particles (11) in the vicinity of the other end (first disc plate (21)), which are lifted forward in a rotational direction as the rotation drum (2) rotates, are brought into contact with a surface of the protrusion (21b) when the particles (11) flow backward in the rotational direction due to their own weights. Then, the particles (11) are guided by the surface of the protrusion (21b) to thereby flow toward the inclined upper side. As a result, a stagnation phenomenon of the particles (11) in the vicinity of the other end (first disc plate (21)) is less likely to occur.

Abstract: The present invention involves cover for robots having spray nozzles wherein the surface material of the covers have been enhanced for residue retention. The robot covers of the present invention may be formed from a polymer, which in one exemplary embodiment may be polyethylene. For example, the polymer may be received in the form of a cast or blown extruded plastic film. In one exemplary embodiment, the polymer may be processed to increase the surface energy and/or surface area of the polymer. By increasing at least one of the surface energy and the surface area of the polymer, the total energy of the surface of the polymer is increased.