Abstract: A backlight module, a display device and a displaying method of the backlight module are disclosed. The backlight module includes a light generation unit and a light emitting control unit. The light generation unit is configured to generate at least two light spot arrays that are spaced from each other, each light spot array includes a plurality of light spots, and projections of the respective light spots on a plane that is vertical to a light emitting direction of the light generation unit are staggered from each other; the light emitting control unit is configured to control the light generation unit to alternatively generate the at least two light spot arrays. The backlight module can be used for 3D displaying, and the depth of field in the displayed image is increased, and the structure of the backlight module is more compact.

Abstract: An illuminating device includes a light emitting element constituted of a light emitting diode, and a light guide plate including a light receiving section provided on a side face and opposed to the light emitting element. The light guide plate emits illuminating light from a first surface. The light receiving section includes a plurality of cylindrical lens surfaces each formed of a concave curved surface oriented such that an axial direction of the curved surface is parallel to a thickness direction of the light guide plate, the cylindrical lens surfaces being aligned in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. The cylindrical lens surface is formed of an arcuate surface having a curvature radius of 0.5 mm or less, and more preferably 0.2 mm or less.

Abstract: An optical arrangement is provided that includes a first optical element comprising a light guide that has a bevel face and a second optical element. The first optical element conducts light by total internal reflection at a wall and has a light entry area defined by a non-beveled end face and a light exit area formed by a surface area of the wall at that end proximate the bevel face. The second optical element has a light entry aperture arranged on or facing the light exit area. The light entry area has a width x and the light entry aperture has a height z, which meet the following relationship: x/z?1.5·[tan(90°??/2)?tan(90°?(2·[?/2+90°]?[180°?arcsin(1/n)]))]?1. Herein, ? denotes the deflection angle of the light at the bevel face and n denotes the refractive index of the material of the first optical element.

Abstract: A quantum tube includes a tube body, a plurality of first fluorescent particles and a plurality of second fluorescent particles. The tube body has a light incident surface, a light emitting surface, a top surface and a bottom surface. The top surface is connected between the light incident surface and the light emitting surface. The bottom surface is connected between the light incident surface and the light emitting surface. The top surface is opposite to the bottom surface. The top surface has an inclined portion. The inclined portion inclines with respect to the bottom surface by an angle. The first fluorescent particles are disposed in the tube body. The second fluorescent particles are disposed in the tube body.

Abstract: A substrate carries indicia that is configured to be illuminated when attached to a transparent substrate. Light trapped by total internal reflection (TIR) between first and second opposing surfaces of the transparent substrate is released by one or more TIR-defeating features of the indicia carrying substrate. The indicia carrying substrate comprises a refractive medium bounded on opposing sides by a first surface and a second surface of the indicia carrying substrate.

Abstract: A light guide panel includes a panel body having incident edges extending around the periphery thereof and a strong light region defined in a front surface thereof, and a light guide structure including a plurality of transversely extended first light-guiding grooves located in the front surface of the panel body and longitudinally spaced from one another at a predetermined interval, each first light-guiding groove having a first peak value area facing toward said strong light region and two first valley value areas located at two opposite ends of the first peak value area, each first peak value area curved in direction from the incident edges of the panel body toward the strong light region, the gap between the first peak value areas of each two adjacent first light-guiding grooves being gradually reduced in direction from the incident edges toward the strong light region.

Abstract: An illuminating device includes a first light-emitting element formed of a light-emitting diode and a light-guide plate having on a side surface thereof a first light-incident portion opposing the first light-emitting element. The light-guide plate in plan view has a shape having a curved surface on the side surface thereof at a distance from the first light incident portion. A plurality of first bevels facing the first light-incident portion at a certain angle exceeding (90°—critical angle) with respect to a virtual line extending from a center of the first light-incident portion are provided in at least part of an area of the curved surface in a circumferential direction.

Abstract: A display device includes a reflective display panel and an illumination device (a front light). In the illumination device, a side surface on an opposite side of a light guide plate to a light source is a curved section, and an end surface of the curved section is a tapered surface. With respect to the light guide plate, a light absorption layer, which overlaps with an end section on the opposite side to the light source, is provided on a side of the display panel. Therefore, it is difficult for a circumstance in which light that is reflected toward the display panel in the end section is reflected by the display panel, and emitted from a second surface of the light guide plate, to occur.

Abstract: Provided is a prism sheet which inhibits the occurrence of scintillations, having less light loss. The prism sheet includes a body portion formed in a sheet, having a light transmitting property, a unit prism portion arranged on one face side of the body portion, having a plurality of unit prisms each having a convex and arrayed in a direction along a sheet face, and a light diffusing layer arranged on the other face side of the body portion, wherein P and Ra have a predetermined relationship wherein P (?m) is a pitch of the plurality of unit prisms and Ra (?m) is a surface roughness of the light diffusing layer.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a light emitting device is provided comprising a plurality of first solid state light sources for emitting first light with a first spectral distribution, and a first light guide comprising a first light input surface, a first end surface extending in an angle with respect to each other and at least one first further surface extending parallel to the first light input surface. The first light guide receiving the first light at the first light input surface, and guiding a part of the first light to the first end surface. The light emitting device further comprises one first optical element, for shaping light that is coupled out of the first light guide through a part of the at least one first further surface such as to provide a first shaped light, and at least one second optical element on the first end surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a backlight module and a display device. The backlight module includes a light source and a light guide plate. The backlight module further includes: a light collimation element configured to convert divergent rays emitted from the light source into parallel rays; a polarizing beam-splitting element configured to convert the parallel rays into a first polarized ray and a second polarized ray with their vibration directions perpendicular to each other; and a phase delaying element configured to convert the vibration direction of the second polarized ray to be identical to that of the first polarized ray, so as to form a third polarized ray. The first and third polarized rays form incident polarized rays entering into the light guide plate. The light guide plate is configured to receive the incident polarized rays.

Abstract: Lighting system including: lighting module having semiconductor light-emitting device; first lens module; and second lens module. First lens module may include: converging lens; or diverging lens having light output surface including raised region shaped as sliced torus; or diverging lens having light output surface including contoured lens screen having lenticular or microprismatic features. Converging lens may have total internal reflection side surface with frusto-conical shape. Second lens module may include diverging lens having light output surface spaced apart from light input surface that may include lens screen having lenticular or microprismatic features. Lighting system may include additional lighting modules and may include further lens modules that may be detachable and interchangeable.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a double-screen display device. The device includes: a first display panel and a second display panel; a light source; a polarization beam splitter configured to divide light emitted from the light source into P light and S light, and cause one of the P light and the S light to be incident on a first optical module and the other one to be incident on a second optical module; the first optical module configured to transmit received light to the first display panel; the second optical module configured to transmit received light to the second display panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a backlight module are provided. An optical film set of the backlight module includes at least one lug portion including an inverted hook portion and an extension portion which as an entirety extend from an edge of the optical film set toward a plastic frame. The plastic frame has first and second supporting portions extending toward a light guide plate. The first supporting portion is disposed with an accommodating groove and a blocking portion. The second supporting portion is for supporting a display panel abutted with the first supporting portion. The blocking portion is formed with a first notch communicated with the accommodating groove, the extension portion is passed through the first notch and the inverted hook portion is accommodated into the accommodating groove. The blocking portion blocks the inverted hook portion to move toward the light guide plate.

Abstract: An example display apparatus, comprising a display panel with one surface on which an image is displayed, a light guide plate disposed to face the other surface of the display panel, an optical sheet interposed between the display panel and the light guide plate, and a spacer which is sandwiched between the display panel and the light guide plate to secure a space for the optical sheet, wherein the spacer is adhered to the light guide plate and the display panel.

Abstract: Provided is a display apparatus having a structure capable of realizing reduction in thickness and border width. A display apparatus having a liquid-crystal panel prepared by enclosing a liquid-crystal material between a pair of glass substrates opposing to each other, a transparent plate opposed to the liquid-crystal panel, and an optical sheet arranged between the liquid-crystal panel and the transparent plate, and having a face smaller than the liquid-crystal panel, wherein the transparent plate is a glass plate having a wide surface of substantially a same shape as a wide surface of each of the glass substrate, and the display apparatus further comprises a frame body arranged between the liquid-crystal panel and the transparent plate, the frame body surrounding an outer periphery of the optical sheet, the frame body being thicker than the optical sheet.

Abstract: A backlight module and a display device are provided. The backlight module includes a back plate, a light emitting component located on the back plate and a module frame located around periphery of the back plate. The module frame includes a main body section and a wedge shaped section on the side of main body section close to light emitting component. The inclined surface of the wedge shaped section faces the light exit surface of the light emitting component and the angle formed there between is an acute angle. The backlight module and the display device mainly utilize the design of the module frame with a wedge shaped section to facilitate the outgoing of the light rays emitted by the backlight source around its periphery in a narrow bezel design, solving the problem of peripheral pixels disappearing from side view.

Abstract: Example methods and apparatuses to provide lighting in appliances are disclosed. An example refrigerator includes a compartment disposed within the refrigerator having first and second opposite side walls, a movable component disposed in the compartment, the movable component having a front edge, a light pipe extending along the front edge of the movable component, and a first light source positioned at the first side wall to emit light into a first end of the light pipe.

Abstract: An optical fiber is a linear radiator uniform in the longer direction thereof, and a lighting device uses the optical fiber. The optical fiber is a lighting fiber having a core and a cladding. In the fiber, as the cladding, there is used a polymer obtained by polymerizing a polymerizing ingredient containing 90% or more by weight of vinylidene fluoride, and the cladding has a crystallinity of 45% to 52%.

Abstract: An optical coupling device comprises an optical fiber block including a first block part and a second block part contacting with one side of the first block part, an optical fiber penetrating the optical fiber block and having an end surface exposed at a bottom surface of the optical fiber block, a semiconductor chip disposed below the optical fiber block and having an optical input/output element disposed on a top surface of the semiconductor chip to correspond with the end surface of the optical fiber, and a planarization layer disposed on the top surface of the semiconductor chip and having a recess region. A bottom surface of the first block part has a higher level than that of the second block part. The bottom surface of the second block part contacts with a bottom of the recess region. The optical fiber is optically coupled with the optical input/output element.

Abstract: A 3D-MEMS optical switch is disclosed. In an embodiment, the 3D-MEMS optical switch includes a collimator array, a PD array, a wedge prism, a light-splitting triangular prism, a micro-electro-mechanical system MEMS micro-mirror, and a core optical switch controller that is connected to the PD array and the MEMS micro-mirror. In the present invention, the PD array is integrated into a core optical switch, which simplifies an architecture of the optical switch and reduces a volume of the optical switch; the wedge prism and the light-splitting triangular prism are used to perform light splitting, and some optical signals are transmitted to the PD array to detect optical power, so that the core optical switch controller adjusts the MEMS micro-mirror according to the optical power, which is detected by the PD array, of the optical signal, making an insertion loss of the 3D-MEMS optical switch meet a preset attenuation range.

Abstract: An optical device includes an optical port array, an optical arrangement, a dispersion element, a focusing element and a programmable optical phase modulator. The optical port array has at least one optical input port for receiving an optical beam and a plurality of optical output ports. The optical arrangement allows optical coupling between the input port and each of the output ports and prevents optical coupling between any one of the plurality of optical output ports and any other of the plurality of optical output ports. The dispersion element receives the optical beam from the input port after traversing the optical arrangement and spatially separates the optical beam into a plurality of wavelength components. The focusing element focuses the plurality of wavelength components. The programmable optical phase modulator receives the focused plurality of wavelength components and steers them to a selected one of the optical outputs.

Abstract: A mounting system (700/900) for locking two pieces of telecommunications equipment (610/810) to prevent relative sliding therebetween and relative separation therebetween in a direction generally perpendicular to the direction of the relative sliding includes a first locking feature (701/901) defined by a stud (702/902) with a stem portion (708/908) and a flange portion (710/910) having a larger profile than the stem portion (708/908) and a second locking feature (703/903) defined by a slot (704/904) with a receiver portion (712/912) and a retention portion (714/914). The receiver portion (712/912) is sized to accommodate the flange portion (710/910) of the stud (702/902) and the retention portion (714/914) is sized to accommodate the stem portion (708/908) but not the flange portion (710/910) of the stud (702/902).

Abstract: Four fixture types are intended for alignment of multi-fiber connectors and ferrules in interferometric microscopes for measuring connector end-face geometry. A methodology of fixtures' calibration ensures validity and accuracy of measurements. First fixture type is equipped with a locking mechanism. In one embodiment it contains two guide holes and is intended for male connectors. In another embodiment intended for female connectors and ferrules it contains two removable guide pins on a bar inserted into the guide holes from back or front side of the fixture. Second fixture type has single window in the base and a pair of guide pins located near opposite sides of the window. Third fixture type has a single window and single guide pin in the base located near one window side. Fourth fixture type has a single guide pin in the center of the base and a pair of windows on both sides of the pin.

Abstract: Debris-removing cap includes a cap body having a receiving cavity and an interior surface disposed within the receiving cavity. The cap body is configured to be attached to an optical device such that a mating face of the optical device is disposed within the receiving cavity. The interior surface is configured to face the mating face of the optical device. The debris-removing cap also includes a lens wiper that is coupled to the interior surface within the receiving cavity and extends away from the interior surface toward the mating face of the optical device. The lens wiper moves relative to the mating face when activated by a user of the debris-removing cap. The lens wiper engages a lens of the mating face when activated by the user to remove debris from the lens.

Abstract: Optical connector includes a ferrule body having a side face. The optical connector also includes a ferrule lens that is coupled to the ferrule body and positioned along the side face. The ferrule lens is configured to align with a lens of a communication device for communicating optical signals therebetween. The optical connector also includes a surface wiper that is coupled to and extends away from the side face. The surface wiper has a height relative to the side face that is greater than a height of the ferrule lens. The surface wiper is configured to at least one of flex or compress when engaging the lens of the communication device during a side-mating operation.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a connector whereby rotation of a multicore fiber does not occur. [Solution] An optical connector (17) of the present invention includes a ferrule (13) that holds a multicore fiber (11), and a plug frame (15) equipping the ferrule (13) housed therein. The ferrule (13) has at least one flat surface (19) on the outer circumferential surface thereof, and the plug frame (15) has a plate spring structure (21) to apply pressure on the flat surface (19). In the optical connector (17) of the present invention, the plate spring structure (21) is casted in the plug frame (15).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fiber optic connector assembly having a fiber optic connector including a main connector body and a rear insert secured within a rear cable termination end of the main connector body. The fiber optic connector assembly has a fiber optic cable that includes an optical fiber, a strength layer and an outer jacket. The optical fiber has a ferrule-less end portion accessible at a front mating end of the main connector body. A first shape recoverable sleeve secures the optical fiber to a substrate anchored to the rear insert. An axial gap exists between the forward end of the outer jacket and the rearward end of the rear insert. A second shape recoverable sleeve secures the outer jacket to the rear insert. An adhesive material at least partially fills the axial gap.

Abstract: A multi-fiber, fiber optic connector may include a reversible keying arrangement for determining the orientation for plugging the connector into an adapter to thereby allow for a change in polarity of the connection to be made on site. The connector housing may be configured to engage with a removable key that may be engaged with the housing in at least two different locations to provide the plug-in orientation, or the housing may have slidably displaceable keys movable between multiple positions on the housing.

Abstract: A new fiber optic bundle with new features, designs and manufacturing processes, specifically related to the configurations and the special manufacturing methods of High Density Multi-fiber Bundles for fiber optic interconnection applications has been developed for 19 fibers and 37 fibers. Fiber bundles greater than 37 fibers are also included. The Bundle [A] and Bundle [B] Pigtails for multi-fiber connectors or device applications are used in pairs. The 19 or 37-fiber Bundle Pigtail Pairs are concentric to the outside diameter of a metal ferule. The individual fibers in the Pigtails are numbered according to the fiber orientation. The orientation of the fibers in Bundle [A] must be clockwise and the orientation of the fibers in Bundle [B] must be counterclockwise. For device application such as fiber optics splitters, MEMs, and optical switches, a single bundle is aligned and attached to the chip.

Abstract: An optical connector includes a board including an element that performs conversion between an electric signal and light, a first ferrule and a second ferrule that are butted against each other, an optical waveguide that optically connects the first ferrule with the element, and a guide that guides the optical waveguide disposed between the first ferrule and the element.

Abstract: A flexible wiring board includes a conductive film provided on one surface of a substrate. The conductive film includes a plurality of pad portions to which a plurality of connection electrodes are respectively bonded with solder, and a wiring portion extending in a direction crossing a row in which the plurality of pad portions are arranged. The plurality of pad portions include a terminal portion electrically connected with the wiring portion, and at least two land portions located on both sides of the terminal portion while avoiding electrical connection to the wiring portion. The solder includes land solder portions respectively overlaid on the at least two land portions and a terminal solder portion overlaid on the terminal portion. The land solder portion has a shape extending longer than the terminal solder portion along a direction in which the wiring portion extends from the connection electrode corresponding thereto.

Abstract: The method comprises providing a semiconductor substrate, which has a main surface and an opposite further main surface, arranging a contact pad above the further main surface, forming a through-substrate via from the main surface to the further main surface at a distance from the contact pad and, by the same method step together with the through-substrate via, forming a further through-substrate via above the contact pad, arranging a hollow metal via layer in the through-substrate via and, by the same method step together with the metal via layer, arranging a further metal via layer in the further through-substrate via, the further metal via layer contacting the contact pad, and removing a bottom portion of the metal via layer to form an optical via laterally surrounded by the metal via layer.

Abstract: An optoelectronic assembly connectorizing light through an optical fiber. A housing includes an axially extending cavity. A transparent window is located at a first end of the cavity. A termination part is located at a second end of the cavity. The cavity forms a cooling chamber being fed by a flowing coolant surrounding an envelope surface of the optical fiber. The optical fiber is in optical contact with the window and extends out of the assembly through the termination part. The optical fiber is fixed in the termination part with a guiding glue.

Abstract: A fiber optic cassette includes a body defining a front and an opposite rear. A cable entry location, such as a multi-fiber connector, is defined on the body for a cable to enter the cassette, wherein a plurality of optical fibers from the cable extend into the cassette and form terminations at one or more single or multi-fiber connectors adjacent the front of the body. A flexible substrate is positioned between the cable entry location and the connectors adjacent the front of the body, the flexible substrate rigidly supporting the plurality of optical fibers. Each of the connectors adjacent the front of the body includes a ferrule. Dark fibers can be provided if not all fiber locations are used in the multi-fiber connectors. Multiple flexible substrates can be used with one or more multi-fiber connectors.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fiber stripping apparatus and a communications device. In the optical fiber stripping apparatus, at least one hook is configured to buckle a hook slot of the base; and a first surface of the base is in contact with the second surface of the connecting part, and the hook slot corresponding to the at least one hook is disposed on the first surface of the base, where when the at least one hook buckles the hook slot of the base, a dowel pin of the spring pin springs up, and the dowel pin fits in the pin hole at the one side of the connecting part to fasten positions of the connecting part and the base, and when the dowel pin is pressed down, the connecting part can be disassembled from the base, which simplifies a process of mounting.

Abstract: A cable is provided with optical fibers for use for downhole monitoring such as inside an oil or gas well. The cable has a cable core (1) having one or more optical fibers, a first metal tube (2) surrounding the cable core (1), and a vault armouring layer (3) surrounding the first tube (2). The vault. armouring layer (3) has numerous armouring wires (3a, 3b), a second metal tube (4) surrounding the vault armouring layer (3), and an outer insulation jacket of a polymer surrounding said second tube (4). Such cable can be used inside of an oil or gas well for monitoring at high depths below 2000 meters, more preferable below 5000 meters, yet more preferable below 8000 meters.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a lens moving apparatus including housing to support a driving magnet, a bobbin provided at an outer circumferential surface thereof with a coil located inside the driving magnet, the bobbin being moved in a first direction parallel to an optical axis within the housing via electromagnetic interaction between the driving magnet and the coil, a lower elastic member to connect a lower portion of the housing and a lower portion of the bobbin to each other, both ends of the coil being electrically connected to the lower elastic member, the lower elastic member having a first terminal electrically connected to an external power source so as to supply external power to the ends of the coil, and a printed circuit board provided at one side surface of the housing, the printed circuit board having a second terminal electrically connected to the external power source.

Abstract: A four-piece optical lens for capturing image and a five-piece optical module for capturing image are disclosed. In order from an object side to an image side, the optical lenses along the optical axis include a first lens with positive refractive power; a second lens with refractive power; a third lens with refractive power; and a fourth lens with refractive power; and at least one of the image-side surface and object-side surface of each of the four lens elements are aspheric. The optical lens can increase aperture value and improve the imagining quality for use in compact cameras.

Abstract: A four-piece optical lens for capturing image and a five-piece optical module for capturing image are disclosed. In order from an object side to an image side, the optical lens along the optical axis includes a first lens with positive refractive power; a second lens with refractive power; a third lens with refractive power; and a fourth lens with refractive power; and at least one of the image-side surface and object-side surface of each of the four lens elements are aspheric. The optical lens can increase aperture value and improve the imaging quality for use in compact cameras.

Abstract: An imaging system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element and a fifth lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power has an object-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element with negative refractive power has an image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element has refractive power. The fourth lens element with refractive power has an image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element with refractive power has an object-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof.

Abstract: A five-piece optical lens for capturing image and a five-piece optical module for capturing image, along the optical axis in order from an object side to an image side, include a first lens with positive refractive power having an object-side surface which can be convex; a second lens with refractive power; a third lens with refractive power; a fourth lens with refractive power; and a fifth lens which can have negative refractive power, wherein an image-side surface thereof can be concave, and at least one surface of the fifth lens has an inflection point; both surfaces of each of the five lenses are aspheric. The optical lens can increase aperture value and improve the imagining quality for use in compact cameras.

Abstract: A five-piece optical lens for capturing image and a five-piece optical module for capturing image, along the optical axis in order from an object side to an image side, include a first lens can with positive refractive power having an object-side surface which can be convex; a second lens with refractive power; a third lens with refractive power; a fourth lens with refractive power; and a fifth lens which can have negative refractive power, wherein an image-side surface thereof can be concave, and at least one surface of the fifth lens has an inflection point; both surfaces of each of the five lenses are aspheric. The optical lens can increase aperture value and improve the imagining quality for use in compact cameras.

Abstract: A photographing lens system and a photographing apparatus including the photographing lens system are provided. The photographing lens system may include a first lens having a negative refractive power, a second lens having a positive refractive power, a third lens having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens having a negative or positive refractive power, a fifth lens having a negative refractive power, and a sixth lens having a negative or positive refractive power. The first to sixth lenses may be sequentially arranged in a direction from an object side to an image side.

Abstract: A compact low-cost imaging lens which meets the demand for low-profileness, offers high brightness with an F-value of 2.5 or less and a wide field of view, and corrects aberrations properly. Its elements are arranged in order from an object side to an image side: a positive first lens having a convex object-side surface; a negative second lens having a concave image-side surface; a negative third lens; a negative fourth lens as a meniscus double-sided aspheric lens having a convex image-side surface; and a double-sided aspheric fifth lens having a concave image-side surface. The aspheric image-side surface of the fifth lens has a pole-change point off an optical axis, and the imaging lens satisfies conditional expressions (1) and (2): TTL/2ih?0.8??(1) 20<?d1??d2<50??(2) where ?d1: Abbe number of the first lens at d-ray ?d2: Abbe number of the second lens at d-ray ih: maximum image height TTL: total track length.

Abstract: A photographing optical lens assembly includes, in order from object side to image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element and a seventh lens element. The first lens element has positive refractive power. The second, third, fourth and fifth lens elements have refractive power. The sixth lens element with refractive power has an image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region, wherein an object-side surface and the image-side surface of the sixth lens element are both aspheric, and the image-side surface has at least one inflection point. The seventh lens element with refractive power has an image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region, wherein an object-side surface and the image-side surface of the seventh lens element are both aspheric, and the image-side surface has at least one inflection point.

Abstract: An imaging lens is provided with: a first lens with negative power; a second lens with negative power; a third lens with positive power; and a fourth lens with positive power. The cemented fourth lens is formed from an object side lens with negative power and an image side lens with positive power. The thickness of a resin adhesive layer that bonds the object side lens and the image side lens is 20 ?m or greater on the optical axis, and when Sg1H is the amount of sag in the image side lens surface of the object side lens and Sg2H is the amount of sag in the object side lens surface of the image side lens. The bonding operation is easy without damage occurring to the cemented surfaces, with a design that takes into account thickness of the resin adhesive layer; therefore various forms of aberration can be corrected.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprising: a first lens group having a positive refractive power; a second lens group having a negative refractive power; a third lens group having a positive refractive power; a fourth lens group having a negative refractive power; and a fifth lens group having a positive refractive power, wherein the first through fifth lens groups are arranged sequentially from an object side to an image side of the zoom lens, wherein the first lens group comprises a doublet lens and a lens having a positive refractive power, wherein the second lens group comprises a first sub-lens group having a negative refractive power and a second sub-lens group having a negative refractive power that is arranged to perform a focusing function; wherein each of the lens groups is arranged to move when the zoom lens is zoomed.

Abstract: A zoom lens consists of five lens groups consisting of, in order from the object side, positive, negative, positive, positive, and positive lens groups, wherein the first and fifth lens groups are fixed relative to the image plane during magnification change, the second to fourth lens groups are moved to change distances therebetween during magnification change, the second lens group is moved from the object side toward the image plane side during magnification change from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, the second lens group includes at least one positive lens and at least four negative lenses including three negative lenses that are successively disposed from the most object side, and satisfies the condition expressions (1) and (2) below: 25<?d21<45??(1), and 0.31<f2/f21<0.7??(2).

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide an imaging system and method using adaptive optics and optimization algorithms for imaging through highly scattering media in oil reservoir applications and lab-based petroleum research. Two-/multi-photon fluorescence microscopy is used in conjunction with adaptive optics for enhanced imaging and detection capabilities in scattering reservoir media. Advanced fluorescence techniques are used to allow for super-penetration imaging to compensate for aberrations both in and out of the field of interest, extending the depth at which pore geometry can be imaged within a rock matrix beyond the current capability of confocal microscopy. The placement of a Deformable Mirror or Spatial Light Modulator for this application, in which scattering and index mismatch are dominant aberrations, is in an optical plane that is conjugate to the pupil plane of the objective lens in the imaging system.