Abstract: Doped, pyrogenically prepared oxides of metals and/or non-metals which are doped with one or more doping components in an amount of 0.00001 to 20 wt. %. The doping component may be a metal and/or non-metal or an oxide and/or a salt of a metal and/or a non-metal. The BET surface area of the doped oxide may be between 5 and 600 m2/g. The doped pyrogenically prepared oxides of metals and/or non-metals are prepared by adding an aerosol which contains an aqueous solution of a metal and/or non-metal to the gas mixture during the flame hydrolysis of vaporizable compounds of metals and/or non-metals.

Abstract: White or colored pigments which do not suffer from color tone or hiding performances thereof even when the surface is moistened with water or oil, without spoiling coloring performance or hiding performance of the pigments themselves. These pigments are surface-coated with an inorganic compound having the refractive index of 1.8 or below. The inorganic compound is preferably silicon oxide, and the pigments are preferably inorganic pigments comprising titanium oxide, zinc oxide, or iron oxide. The cosmetics of the invention are blended the pigments therein.

Abstract: To provide a complex which is excellent in transparency and protective ability of UVB region by containing titanium oxide in a specific silica carrier and a cosmetic preparation which has natural finishing i.e., excellent in transparency by the complex and is excellent in protective ability of UVB region, a titanium-silica complex in accordance with the present invention comprises a silica carrier and titanium oxide, wherein said silica carrier is mainly composed of silicon oxide and wherein titanium oxide is contained in said silica carrier.

Abstract: Described are fillers, e.g., inorganic oxides, that have been modified to have a carbon content of greater than 1 weight percent, a sulfur content of greater than 0.1 weight percent, a Silane Conversion Index of at least 0.3 and a Standard Tensile Stress @ 300% elongation of 7 or more. Polymeric compositions that contain such modified fillers are also described.

Abstract: Dispersions of pyrogenic oxides, doped using an aerosol, are prepared by mixing the oxide with a suspending agent and milling. The dispersions can be used to prepare inkjet paper.

Abstract: Moldings based on silica having a hollow cylindrical configuration with internal reinforcing stays or spokes leading from an inner wall of a hollow cylinder to the center of the molding or in the form of miniliths having passageway channels therethrough, are produced by homogenizing silica with methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, wax and/or polyethylene glycol. Water and optionally aqueous alkaline ammonia solution are added, and the mixture is subjected to kneading and forming, extruding, optionally cutting the extrudate to the desired length by means of a cutting device, drying at a temperature from 20 to 150° C., and annealing for a period from 30 minutes to 10 hours at a temperature of 400 to 1200° C. The moldings can be used as catalyst supports for the production of unsaturated esters from olefins, organic acids and oxygen in the gas phase and and can be used in particular for the production of vinyl acetate monomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated additive composition which contains anti-blocking agents and at least one organic component and is characterized in that the organic component(s) is (are) localized in a concentration of 5 to 65 wt.-%, relative to the total weight of the composition, in the pores of the anti-blocking agent, the volume of the organic component(s) not being greater, however, than the pore volume of the anti-blocking agent. The invention also describes processes for the preparation of this integrated additive composition and its use in polyolefin films and in injection molding.

Abstract: A pigment material for use in a coating composition suitable for coating a sheet material to be printed by an electrophotographic printer which pigment material comprises a blend of Components A and B as follows: Component A: a fine pigment material suitable for gloss coating of a sheet material the pigment material comprising particles at least 80% by weight of which have an equivalent spherical diameter (“esd”) of less than 2 &mgr;m and having a particle size distribution (“psd”) such that its d50 value, namely the particle esd value less than which 50% of the particles have an esd, is less than 1 &mgr;m; and Component B: a coarse pigment material having a psd such that its d50 value is from 2 &mgr;m to 10 &mgr;m, desirably 2 &mgr;m to 5 &mgr;m and such that not more than 2% by weight of the particles of the coarse pigment material have an esd greater than 15 &mgr;m, desirably not more than 2% have an esd greater than 10 &mgr;m; wherein the weight ratio of Component A to Component

Abstract: A color developer pigment for carbonless copying papers based on acid-activated smectitic layered silicates, wherein a phenolic resin is condensed on the acid-activated layered silicate. The invention also concerns a coating composition based on the color developer pigment as well as a copying paper containing the color developer pigment.

Abstract: The invention provides new stains which fire to a red-brown color for coloring ceramic compositions. The stains comprise Fe2O3 and/or an Fe compound which forms Fe2O3 on firing, in uniform distribution in a pulverulent matrix based on an oxide-like and/or silicate-like material which is amorphous to X-rays to the extent of at least 50% and has a specific surface area (BET) of at least 40 m2/g, and are obtainable by bringing the constituents into intensive contact together. The matrix preferably comprises 80 to 100% amorphous SiO2 or SiO2-rich silicate with a BET surface area of 90 to 300 m2/g and 0 to 20% of an auxiliary substance, such as silicone oil. The stains can be prepared by intensive dry grinding.

Abstract: A pale electrically conductive pigment consisting of a substrate and an electrically conductive layer formed of phosphorus- and/or fluorine-doped tin oxide. There may be an interlayer disposed between the substrate and the conductive layer.

Abstract: A method for preparing hollow particles comprising a dense silica shell, by precipitating active silica from an aqueous alkaline metal silicate on a core constituted in a material other than silica and by eliminating the material without destroying the silica shell. The particles are used as insulating materials; as hollow fillers for polymers, building materials, rubber, paper, paint; as absorbing agents; as toothpaste abrasives or additives; as support for the absorption and/or graining out active matter, the liberation of the active matter being effected by the destruction of the silica core by mechanical rupture or by dissolving the silica shell in a basic medium or by diffusion; as sun screening agents or sun screening agent supports or for the formulation of liquid matter in solid form.

Abstract: Compacts based on pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide and having the following physical and chemical characteristics: Outer diameter 0.8-20 mm BET surface area 30-400 m2/g Pore volume 0.5-1.3 ml/g Breaking strength 10-250N Composition >99.8 wt. % SiO2 Other constituents <0.2 wt. % Abrasion <5 wt. % Apparent weight 350-750 g/l are produced in that pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide is homogenized with methyl cellulose, microwax and polyethylene glycol with addition of water, dried at a temperature of 80-150° C. and comminuted to a powder, optionally the powder is compressed into compacts, and heat-treated at a temperature of 400 to 1200° C. for a time of 0.5 to 8 hours. These compacts can be used as catalysts or catalyst carriers in vinyl acetate monomer production and ethylene hydration.

Abstract: A method of producing a low structure pyrogenic metal oxide filler is disclosed. The method involves subjecting pyrogenically produced metal oxide agglomerates and aggregates selected from silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, or titanium oxide to a dry milling process whereby the pyrogenically produced metal oxide is contacted in an agitating zone with an energy specific force.

Abstract: The iron oxide platelets comprise at least one layer packet comprising A) a colorless coating having a refractive index n≦1.8, and B) a colorless coating having a refractive index n≧2.0.

Abstract: Modified pearl luster pigments for waterborn coating systems, based on a platelet-form substrate coated with metal oxides and, located on the topmost metal oxide layer, a top layer consisting of at least two oxides and/or mixed oxides from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, cerium oxide, titanium oxide and zirconium oxide, and on a water-based oligomeric silane system. The oligomeric silane system can be described, for example, by the following approximate structure: [HO[Si(A)(OH)z(CH3)1−zO]a[Si(B)(OH)y(CH3)1−yO]b[Si(E)(OH)w(CH3)1−wO]c[Si(D)(OH)v(CH3)1−vO]dH].

Abstract: An amorphous silicate pigment having a pore volume of at least about 4.0 ml/g as measured by mercury intrusion, a BET surface area of at least about 300 m2/g, and an Al2O3 content of about 2.0-10.0 wt % is provided. The invention can be successfully used in recording media coatings, particularly coatings for recording media used in ink jet printing systems.

Abstract: A method of preparing a polymer structured pigment slurry which comprises providing an anionic, aqueous slurry including a plurality of solid mineral particles, adding a low molecular weight, cationic polymer in an amount of less than about 0.20% by weight to the slurry and then adding a small amount of an inorganic dispersant to the polymer treated pigment slurry. The Malvern median particle size of the mineral particles treated with the polycationic polymer is less than about 20% larger than the Malvern median particle size of the untreated mineral particles.

Abstract: An improved process for transforming clays that cannot be utilized in commercial pigment production to low-viscosity pigment for commercial application is described whereby a treated clay is produced having a reduced viscosity as compared to the initial clay when compared at equivalent solids content. The process comprises the steps of: drying the clay; mixing the dried clay with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt wherein the alkali metal salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium, potassium, rubidium and cesium salts; extruding the material obtained from alkali metal salt treatment; heat-treating the extruded material and high-shear blunging of the heat-treated material. Typically, a high viscosity clay that has been treated with this five-step procedure will exhibit a viscosity that is about 10% to about 20% of the viscosity of the starting clay.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of precipitated silica which has a good dispersibility and very satisfactory reinforcing properties. It also relates to new precipitated silicas which are in the form of powder, of substantially spherical beads or of granules, these silicas being characterized by the fact that they have a CTAB specific surface of between 90 and 250 m.sup.2 /g, a BET specific surface of between 90 and 250 m.sup.2 /g, a DOP oil uptake lower than 300 ml/100 g, a zinc content of between 1 and 5% by weight, and by the fact that the number N of stearic acid molecules consumed per nm.sup.2 of silica surface, when stearic acid is reacted with this silica in xylene for 2 hours at 120.degree. C., is at least 1. The invention also relates to the use of the said silicas as reinforcing fillers for elastomers, especially for improving their rheological properties.

Abstract: There is provided a method of adhering dye to a silica. The method comprises providing a silica slurry which includes a plurality of silica particles, depositing alum in the pores of the silica particles, reacting a base with the alum to convert the alum into aluminum hydroxide resulting in treated silica particles. The treated silica particles are then filtered and washed. Thereafter, a dye is mixed with the treated silica particles. The resultant dyed silica product is resistant to dye migration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of precipitated silica which has a good dispersibility and very satisfactory reinforcing properties. It also relates to new precipitated silicas which are in the form of powder, of substantially spherical beads or of granules, these silicas being characterized by the fact that they have a CTAB specific surface of between 90 and 250 m.sup.2 /g, a DOP oil uptake lower than 300 ml/100 g, a pore distribution such that the pore volume consisting of the pores whose diameter is between 175 and 275 .ANG. represents less than 50% of the pore volume consisting of the pores of diameters smaller than or equal to 400 .ANG., a zinc content of between 1 and 5% by weight and by the fact that the number N of molecules of stearic acid consumed per nm.sup.2 of silica surface, when stearic acid is reacted with the said silica in xylene for 2 hours at 120.degree. C., is at least 1.

Abstract: Goniochromatic luster pigments are based on titanium dioxide-coated silicatic platelets which have been heated in a reducing atmosphere and which comprise at least one layer packet comprisingA) a colorless coating having a refractive index n.ltoreq.1.8 andB) a colorless coating having a refractive index n.gtoreq.2.0.

Abstract: A coating composition for an ink jet recording medium comprises an aqueous suspension of absorptive pigment, a binder, a sizing agent, and a cationic fixing agent. The coating composition combines solids content of greater than 30% with good runnability. The composition may preferably be dispersed at pH values in the range of 4.5 to 7.0. The pigment is preferably a mixture of 75% or more silica gel having a pore volume of 0.5-2.0 cc/g, and 10% or more alumina or alumina hydrate. A method for making down the coating composition includes the sequential steps of dispersing a polyvinyl alcohol binder in water, cooling the binder dispersion, dispersing a sizing agent, and mixing the suspension thoroughly before addition of a cationic fixing agent and pigment.

Abstract: A method for forming a silica coating on at least a portion of the surface of alkaline earth metal carbonate particulates in aqueous suspension and the silica-coated alkaline earth metal carbonate so produced are claimed. The claimed method consists of allowing soluble silicate ions in the aqueous phase to slowly react with the alkaline earth metal carbonate surface to form silica micro-particulates on the surface. This silica coating confers upon the composition unique properties among which are pronounced thixotropic behavior when incorporated into an aqueous suspension and increased oil absorption when dry. The pigment produced by this method is especially suited for use as a filler in paper.

Abstract: A coating composition for an ink jet recording medium comprises an aqueous suspension of absorptive silica pigment, a polyvinyl alcohol binder, and a cationic fixing agent. The composition is dispersed at pH values in the range of 4.0 to 7.0. The pigment is preferably a mixture of 75% or more silica gel having a pore volume of 0.5-1.5 cc/g, and 10% or more alumina or alumina hydrate. A method for making down the coating composition and applying it to a substrate is also disclosed.

Abstract: Composite pigments based on nanoparticulate metal oxides modified by crosslinked or uncrosslinked polyalkylenepolyamine and anionic dyes are useful for coloring paints, inks, plastic, paper, wood, leather and textile materials.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for preparation of composite pigments for make-up cosmetics having improved skin-adhesion and spreadability, and excellent skin color-expression, and improved water resistance by silicon polymer coated on the surface of the complex particle of flaky silica and titanium dioxide coated thereon.

Abstract: A textured coating and method of applying same. The coating comprises a high-solids polyamide epoxy having a resin and a hardener, and the epoxy is mixed with a texture aggregate filler being selected from the group consisting of perlite, glass microballoons, glass bubbles, phenolic microballoons, Q cel microspheres, and extendospheres, with the filler preferably being expanded perlite of a size such that about 20% maximum by weight is retained on a U.S. Std. Sieve No. 50 and such that about 65% maximum by weight is retained on a U.S. Std. Sieve No. 100. The epoxy and the filler are mixed in about equal volume.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aggregated silica gel which has been produced from silica gel particles having a particle size of 1 to 20.mu., a surface of 200 to 1000 m.sup.2 /g and a specific pore volume of 0.4 to 2.5 ml/g and a binding agent selected from synthetic or natural phyllosilicate, pyrogenic silicon dioxide and organic polymers soluble in water or dispersible in water. Aggregation takes place by spray-drying a suspension having 1 to 25% solids. The product is suitable as a matting agent for coatings, as an antiblocking agent for polymer films and as a beer clarifying agent.

Abstract: Metal oxide particles having a substantial uniform and homogeneous (across-particle) coating of a metal oxide or organofunctionalized metal oxide are disclosed and are prepared by hydrolysis of a monomeric precursor to the coating.

Abstract: A silica-metal oxide particulate composite comprising silica agglomerates having voids formed by random stacking of scaly silica primary particles, and metal oxide particulates supported on the surfaces, and the inner surfaces in the voids, of the silica agglomerates.

Abstract: A multi-component pigment slurry which comprises at least 50% solids. The slurry is formulated to be admixed into paint and coating compositions to promote TiO.sub.2 extension. The slurry includes a structured pigment, a coarse particle size pigment, and a fine particle size pigment. The structured pigment comprises about 20% to about 55% of the slurry by dry weight and has a median particle size diameter of about 0.7.mu. to about 6.0.mu.. The coarse particle size pigment preferably comprises about 20% to about 60% by weight of the slurry and has a median particle size diameter of about 3.0.mu. to about 10.0.mu.. The fine particle size pigment preferably comprises up to about 50% by dry weight of the slurry and has a median particle size diameter of about 0.2.mu. to about 1.0.mu..

Abstract: Goniochromatic luster pigments based on silicon dioxide platlets, CVD coated withA) a nonselectively absorbing filmlike layer at least partially transparent to visible light, andB) if desired an outer layer which consists essentially of colorless or selectively absorbing metal oxide and/or comprises phosphate, chromate and/or vanadate,are prepared and used for coloring paints, inks, including printing inks, plastics, glasses, ceramic products and decorative cosmetic preparations.

Abstract: A pearlescent pigment comprises C glass flakes having a first layer comprising rutile titanium dioxide or iron oxide thereon and a second layer comprising hydrous oxide or hydroxide of a polyvalent cation, precipitate of said polyvalent cation, and an anionic polymeric compound. A hydrous layer of the rutile forming titanium dioxide or iron oxide is first formed on the glass flakes and the resulting coated flakes are calcined prior to the application of the second layer.

Abstract: Surface-modified, pyrogenically produced mixed oxides which contain two or more components of the series SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, V.sub.2 O.sub.5, WO.sub.3, SnO.sub.2, GeO.sub.2 and have been surface-modified with one to several compounds of the following groups:(a) organosilanes of the type (RO).sub.3 Si(C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1),(b) R'.sub.x (RO).sub.y Si(C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1),(c) X.sub.3 Si(C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1),(d) X.sub.2 (R')Si(C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1),(e) X(R').sub.2 Si(C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1),(f) (RO).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.m --R',(g) (R").sub.x (RO).sub.y Si(CH.sub.2).sub.m --R',(h) X.sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.m --R',(i) (R)X.sub.2 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.m --R',(j) (R).sub.2 X Si(CH.sub.2).sub.m --R',(k) Silazanes of the type ##STR1## (l) Cyclic polysiloxanes, (m) Polysiloxanes or silicone oils.

Abstract: A process for preparing a molding sand for a green sand mold is provided. The process comprises the step of drying under a reduced pressure of 0 to 0.3 atm for 0.5 to 30 seconds a green molding sand obtained by kneading silica sand, clay, and water, to dry the clay superficial part and to retain in a moist state the clay deeper part on the silica sand core part in each particle of the molding sand. The molding sand prepared by this process has enhanced flowability. Furthermore, the sand mold prepared from the molding sand has sufficient strength.

Abstract: A rigid and brittle bright metal flake is formed of a central layer of a reflective material supported on both sides by dielectric layers. In a preferred embodiment, the metal layer is aluminum having a thickness of about 100 nm and the dielectrics are either silicon dioxide or magnesium fluoride, each having a thickness of about 100 nm. The result is a very thin three-layered metal flake about 300 nm thick that exhibits a uniaxial compressive strength of about 8 times a corresponding uniaxial tensile strength. As a result, the metal flake is then afforded the benefits of rigidity and brittle fracture during the manufacturing and applicational processes which ultimately provides favorable planar and specular reflectance characteristics in the visible wavelength range.

Abstract: Dry, freely-flowing, water-insoluble but readily dispersible, solid and homogeneous silica pigment particulates essentially spheroidal in geometrical configuration and having a mean particle size in excess of 80.mu., preferably in excess of 150.mu., are prepared by atomizing to dryness a pulverulent aqueous suspension of silica having a solids contact in excess of 18%. Such silica pigment particulates, advantageously comprised of precipitated silica, are well adapted as reinforcing fillers for elastomeric matrices.

Abstract: An anti-glare hard coat film having a hard coat layer which has a thickness of 0.5 to 20 .mu.m and comprises a cured product of an ultraviolet-curing resin and agglomerates of colloidal silica particles formed with an amine compound can be obtained by coating a plastic film with a hard coat material which comprises 100 parts by weight of the ultraviolet-curing resin, 1 to 30 parts by weight as silica particles of a dispersion of colloidal silica particles, and 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of the amine compound, drying the hard coat material, and curing the dried hard coat material by irradiation of ultraviolet light. The anti-glare hard coat film has excellent surface hardness and anti-glare property and provides excellent visibility when the film is used for various types of displays.

Abstract: In a protective coating formulation requiring the use of polyamine molecules, oleic acid is used as a very effective additive to remove any excess polyamines. The carboxyl groups of the oleic acid molecules react with the amine groups of the polyamines to form a harmless amide molecule. The oleic acid thus removes excess pollutants from the final coating. In addition, the oleic acid reduces the viscosity of the coating before curing, making it easier to apply to surfaces, and decreases the curing time necessary. However, the addition of oleic acid does not affect the beneficial characteristics of the coating in any way.

Abstract: An electrically conductive floor coating comprising a ferroalloy containing layer including particles of ferroalloy interspersed with a resinous binder.

Abstract: A ceramic composition for the repair of porous ceramic bodies comprises a ceramic material having cations which are reactive with phosphate ions, a source of reactive phosphate ions, and filler. An aqueous slurry of the ceramic composition is prepared and applied to the damaged region of a porous ceramic body. The slurry mixture is dried within the damaged region of the porous ceramic body and heated to bind the mixture together and to bond the mixture to the porous ceramic body within the damaged region. The method of the invention allows for the in situ repair of ceramic materials without removing them from their supporting structure and can be used in the repair of ceramic tiles for spacecraft and aircraft.

Abstract: A process for preparation of silica pigment by mixing sea water and an aqueous solution of sodium silicate is disclosed, in which no acidulating agent is used and the amount of sea water is 50-500 times of the sodium silicate by weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of precipitated silica which has a good dispersibility and very satisfactory reinforcing properties. It also relates to new precipitated silicas which are in the form of powder, of substantially spherical beads or of granules, these silicas being characterized by the fact that they have a CTAB specific surface of between 90 and 250 m.sup.2 /g, a BET specific surface of between 90 and 250 m.sup.2 /g, a DOP oil uptake lower than 300 ml/100 g, a zinc content of between 1 and 5% by weight, and by the fact that the number N of stearic acid molecules consumed per nm.sup.2 of silica surface, when stearic acid is reacted with this silica in xylene for 2 hours at 120.degree. C., is at least 1. The invention also relates to the use of the said silicas as reinforcing fillers for elastomers, especially for improving their rheological properties.

Abstract: By removing a fraction of fine particles having a particle size of less than 2 .mu.m from starting inorganic filler particles having a mean particle size of 10-50 .mu.m and adding thereto particles having a mean particle size of 0.1-2 .mu.m and a specific surface area of 3-10 m.sup.2 /g (BET), there is obtained a particulate inorganic filler having a mean particle size of 5-40 .mu.m. When a large amount of the inorganic filler is loaded in an epoxy resin composition, the composition maintains a low melt viscosity enough to mold and is effective for encapsulating a semiconductor device without causing die pad deformation and wire deformation. The encapsulated semiconductor device is highly reliable.

Abstract: Amorphous precipitated silica which may be used to form battery separators of very low specific resistance is characterized by (a) a CTAB surface area in the range of from 140 to 185 m.sup.2 /g; (b) a DBP oil absorption in the range of from 210 to 310 cm.sup.3 /100 g; (c) a mean ultimate particle size in the range of from 10 to 18 nm; (d) a total intruded volume in the range of from 2.6 to 4 cm.sup.3 /g; and (e) an intruded volume in the range of from 0.9 to 2 cm.sup.3 /g for pores having diameters in the range of from 20 to 100 nm.

Abstract: An aqueous, non-settling, universal nacreous pigment dispersion that can be used in dispensing machines for the custom mixing of retail and trade sales of alkyd or solvent-thinned and water-based surface coatings employs a synthetic silicate, sodium lithium magnesium silicate, as the suspending agent. Also disclosed are methods for preparing the dispersion which incorporates one or more carriers, humectants, surfactants and other optional conventional additives.

Abstract: An additive for resins, a process for preparing amorphous definite particles used as an inorganic additive, and an olefin resin composition blended with the additive, and an agricultural film blended with the additive and a lithium-aluminum composite hydroxide carbonate. The additive for resins comprises amorphous definite particles having (1) a molar ratio SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 of from 2.1 to 3.3 on the basis of oxides, (2) an average particle diameter of from 0.3 to 10 .mu.m, (3) a moisture regain at equilibrium (RH90%) of not greater than 10%, (4) a bulk density of from 0.5 to 1.2 g/ml, and (5) a pH in the form of an aqueous suspension of from 6 to 10, said amorphous definite particles being obtained by acid-treating and then heat-treating a Pc zeolite having a spherical particle shape, a notched surface and a molar ratio SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 of from 2 to 3.

Abstract: The adsorption of cationic dyes on nanosize negatively charged silica particles to form colored pigments is disclosed. The dyes are chemisorbed and their uptake is controlled by the strong chemical reaction between the negative surface of the adsorbent silica particles preferably with sodium counter ions and the positive charge of the dyes. The prepared pigments are useful in the formation of color films and their optical properties are described. Photoresists using nanosized pigments are also disclosed herein which are useful in making color filters for liquid crystal displays.