Abstract: A biochar apparatus has a firebox for containing biomass to be incinerated to produce biochar, a pair of biomass supporting panels arranged in the firebox in a V-shaped configuration and separated by an extraction gap between lower edges of the panels, a roller system arranged to support at least one of the panels for rolling movement relative to the firebox, an actuator operable to move at least one of the panels relative to the firebox upon the roller system, and a conveyor system under the extraction gap, wherein pieces of the biochar pass through the extraction gap to the conveyor system, and the conveyor system is operable to convey and discharge the pieces of biochar. The panels may include refractory material capable of withstanding high temperatures associated with incineration of biomass in the firebox. These panels also protect the conveyor system and its components from incineration heat.

Abstract: A waste disposal plant includes a combustion chamber (2) inside which waste laid on a combustion grate (3) is burnt. The grate permits the entrance of an adequate quantity of combustion air in the chamber through it. The combustion grate includes at least a handling group formed by fire bars or plates (7), which move alternatively one with respect to the other by advancing the waste on the grate. A handling group allows the alternate movement of the fire bars (7) which are divided in movable fire bars (7a) and fixed fire bars (7b), alternately disposed one with respect to the other, on transversal rows resting one upon the other according to a longitudinal placement with alternate steps.

Abstract: A waste disposal plant includes a combustion chamber (2) inside which waste laid on a combustion grate (3) is burnt, which permits the entrance of an adequate quantity of combustion air in the chamber. The combustion grate includes at least a handling group formed by of fire bars or plates (7), which move alternatively one with respect to the other by advancing the waste on the grate. A handling group permits the alternate movement of the fire bars (7) which are divided in movable fire bars (7a) and fixed fire bars (7b), alternately disposed one with respect to the other, on transversal rows resting one upon the other according to a longitudinal placement with alternate steps.

Abstract: The present invention relates to burners and boiler structures of heating systems which work with solid fuel or which work especially with wood pellets, olive stones and other similar propellants. The burner has a “C”-shaped grate structure comprising a grate mount (4.2) for opening and closing an ash discharging mouth, and the top grate made up by the following components: Grate arms (4.1.2) that can move at a horizontal angle over connecting grate shafts (4.1.3) independent from each other; grate shims (4.1.4) located on the grate shafts (4.1.3) and between the grate arms (4.1.2); a shank (4.1.5) connecting the grate arms (4.1.2) to a grate frame (4.1.1), and the top grate to the grate mount (4.2), thus enabling the top grate to move in an upwards or downwards motion limited by supports (4.1.7, 4.1.8). Furthermore, the burner comprises uneven rails on which the top grate moves guided by guide pins (4.1.6).

Abstract: A grate step module (1) for a thrust combustion grate for the combustion of refuse in a large-scale plant has a carrier part (2) for the grate steps (3, 4), exactly one fixed grate step (3) and exactly one movable grate step (4) and also a grate step drive. The movable grate step (4) is displaceable back and forth with respect to the fixed grate step (3) by way of the grate step drive. The grate step module (1) is connectable in a row with further grate step modules (1) without a gap and in this way forms the thrust combustion grate.

Abstract: An incineration grate includes several levels including first and second grate bars arranged in rows alongside one another and in rows one above another, forming step-shaped combustion surfaces with their upper supporting surfaces. At least once in an area of the upper supporting surfaces, the first grate bars form, over their width, a smaller supporting surface for fuel than that of the second grate bars via a first shoulder disposed inwards in a direction of a longitudinal center plane. In an area of the upper supporting surfaces, the second grate bars have a supporting surface with a larger width in order to form an overlap with the first grate bars via a second shoulder disposed outwards over the width of the first grate bars. The second grate bars have at least one pin configured to be introduced into a pocket in the first grate bars and increase the larger width.

Abstract: A system for reducing carbon content of hot ash includes a conveyor including a trough to receive a quantity of hot ash, the trough having a trough wall with a plurality of apertures through which air may pass, and a vibratory generator operatively coupled to the trough to move the quantity of hot ash along the trough. The system also includes a controlled air supply including an adjustable air supply, a temperature sensor operatively associated with the trough, and a controller operatively coupled to the adjustable air supply and the temperature sensor. The controller is programmed to adjust the air supply to maintain a constant temperature associated with controlled oxidation of unburned carbon in the hot ash within the trough in response to the signal received from the temperature sensor.

Abstract: To suppress the generation of clinker so as to prevent the generation of a burning trouble, ceramic particles 30 are covered over a porous plate 4 to form a fire bed 3. Woody pellets 31 are scattered on the fire bed and combustion air is ejected from the lower side of the porous plate so as to burn the pellets. At the time of discharging ash generated by the burning to a secondary combustion space on the downstream side together with an air current of the combustion air or combustion gas, the ceramic particle layers and the woody pellet layer are stirred by a stirring section 21, 22 to thereby break clinker of the combustion ash formed in the fire bed, whereby the growth of the clinker is suppressed and the generation of a burning trouble is prevented.

Abstract: The effective length of a control arm having manually alterable stops repositionable along is rendered automatically changeable by means of a solenoid movable strip arranged to be either pressed against the control arm or removed from contact with the control arm by operation of the automatically operated solenoid which may usually be operated by a change in the surrounding ambient temperature.

Abstract: The liquid-cooled grill plate has a carrier and drive design (15), having a separate cooling body (K) that can be placed into said carrier and drive design (15) and permeated by the liquid and having wear plates mounted onto said cooling body (K). The cooling body (K) is a welded design formed by square tube sections (20-26) and profiled sections (27), said design forming continuous elongated recesses (28-30) extending across the entire extension with the exception of the square tube sections (23-26) bridging said recesses (28-30). The carrier design is a ribbed configuration made of planar steel parts that are welded together and the drive unit (15) encloses a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit, which is accommodated in the inside of a square tube (18), said tube being guided displaceably in a tunnel-like breakthrough on said ribbed configuration. Between the wear plates and the cooling body (K) a highly heat-conductive soft silicone film (31) is clamped, which ensures good heat transfer.

Abstract: A grate bar for combustion systems, having a substantially closed surface facing the combustion side, a rear support region designed to be placed on a grate carrier for forming the grate, and a front nose region, which is rounded between the surface and front edge and has a bearing surface designed on the lower face and further has cooling fins for air cooling which protrude from the lower face of the surface forming the grate. A head part in the interior has at least regionally thickened head fins for air cooling in the longitudinal direction and vertical direction below the surface facing the combustion side. The grate bar can also be a reversible grate bar.

Abstract: A waste disposal plant includes a combustion chamber (2) inside which waste laid on a combustion grate (3) is burnt, which permits the entrance of an adequate quantity of combustion air in the chamber. The combustion grate includes a handling group formed by fire bars or plates (7), which move alternatively one with respect to the other by advancing the waste on the grate. The handling group permits the alternate movement of the fire bars (7) which are divided in movable fire bars (7a) and fixed fire bars (7b), alternately disposed one with respect to the other, on transversal rows resting one upon the other according to a longitudinal placement with alternate steps.

Abstract: Grate bar for a furnace. The grate bar comprises a first air duct (46) at a first lateral side of the grate bar. The first air duct is provided at an angle other than 90 degrees with respect to a longitudinal axis of the grate bar.

Abstract: The present application discloses a grate bar for a thrust grate of a furnace. The grate bar comprises an elongated recess (43) at a first side of the grate bar. The elongated recess comprises two parallel sliding surfaces which are oriented in longitudinal direction of the grate bar. An engaging element (38) is provided at a second side of the grate bar, which is opposite to the first side. The engaging element comprises two parallel sliding surfaces which are oriented in longitudinal direction of the grate bar. The elongated recess is shaped such that a corresponding neighbouring engaging element of a neighbouring part is movable within the elongated recess in the longitudinal direction relative to the grate bar. The grate bar further comprises two actuating surfaces (34,35) at a bottom side of the grate bar for taking up a protrusion of a grate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water-cooled sliding combustion grate, comprising a combination of movable grate plates (6) and stationary grate plates (5). Said grate plates (5, 6) lie on top of each other in a step-like manner, and the movable grate plates (6) can be moved. The length of the grate plates (5, 6) passing over the grate track width is more than 6 meters. The movable grate plates (6) are driven by one parallel drive each, which comprises two separate drive units, which can each move a respective end area of a movable grate plate (6) back and forth, wherein the two drive units can be synchronized. In order to separate the primary air transversely over the grate track over a plurality of areas, at least one partition can extend along the grate track under the grate. Each of said partitions is moved along with the lower faces of the grate plates (5, 6) at the upper edge of said partitions so that said partitions are fully connected everywhere to the lower faces of the grate plates.

Abstract: A grate plate arrangement for stepped reciprocating grates includes a grate plate with a front plate fastened to a front wall in the direction of conveyance. The grate plate includes an adjustment plate being clamped between the front plate and the front wall of the grate plate for adjusting a motion gap between the front end of the grate plate and the following grate plate in the direction of conveyance which forms the next grate step. The adjustment plate is calibrated with the front plate still only loosely assembled, in its vertical position that forms the motion gap, and is held in this position by clamping the front plate.

Abstract: A waste disposal plant includes a combustion chamber (2) inside which waste laid on a combustion grate (3) is burnt, which permits the entrance of an adequate quantity of combustion air in the chamber. The combustion grate includes a handling group formed by fire bars or plates (7), which move alternatively one with respect to the other by advancing the waste on the grate. The handling group permits the alternate movement of the fire bars (7) which are divided in movable fire bars (7a) and fixed fire bars (7b), alternately disposed one with respect to the other, on transversal rows resting one upon the other according to a longitudinal placement with alternate steps.

Abstract: A method for improving a slag quality of slag in a grate firing system. The method includes providing slag in a grate firing system including a combustion chamber disposed above a combustion bed. The combustion bed has a plurality of fixed-bed burnout zones in series on a combustion grate. The fixed-bed burnout zones include a first series of fixed-bed burnout zones and a second fixed bed burn-out zone disposed downstream of the first series. The first series of fixed-bed burnout zones is traversed with a flow of oxygen-containing gas. A portion of the combustion bed associated with the second fixed bed burn-out zone is traversed with a flow of a hot combustion gas from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A conveyor grate for the transport and cooling of bulk material, for example cement clinker, comprises a grate floor having multiple planks (12), adjacently situated transverse to the direction of transport on associated support structures and operationally moved longitudinally relative to one another individually or in groups, with moving gaps (14) designed as blow openings situated therebetween, and a method for operating such a conveyor grate. The mutually facing side edges or side edge regions of two adjacent planks (12) form two complementary, mutually engaging profiles between which the moving gap (14) is formed. In the method according to the invention, at least a quantity of the cooling air is blown through the moving gaps (14) which is sufficient to blow the moving gaps (14) completely open.

Abstract: A stoker grate for circulating a combustible material includes a stationary grate sheet support and a moveable grate sheet support fitting with prop rolls on the stationary grate sheet support. The moveable grate sheet support includes a pair of moveable grate sheet supports opposed to each other and another pair of arc-shaped moveable grate sheet supports opposed to each other to form a long annular-shaped assembled support, stationary grate sheets fitting with mounting transverse beams of the stationary grate sheet support, moveable grate sheets fitting with mounting transverse beams of the moveable grate sheet support, the moveable grate sheets and the stationary grate sheets being disposed alternatingly, and a transmission unit. The driving moveable grate sheet support is hinged to the adjacent driven moveable grate sheet support and the driven moveable grate sheet supports are hinged to each other.

Abstract: An air-cooled grate block of a grate for the thermal treatment of waste, in which the grate blocks are arranged so as to rest one on top of the other in a step-like manner. The block body designed as a cast part has a top wall, forming a bearing surface, and a front wall, on which a foot is integrally formed. A first cooling passage section runs from a wall inlet, arranged on the underside of the top wall, through the top wall and the front wall to an outlet opening arranged in the front wall. A cooling passage wall which starts from an inlet opening arranged adjacent to the foot and to the front wall and is at a distance from the front wall and the top wall forms a second cooling passage section fluidically connected to the first cooling passage section at the wall inlet. A grate which consists of the abovementioned grate blocks is likewise described.

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling bulk material with a grate flowed through by cooling gas. The apparatus comprises a plurality of planks configured to move forward and back in the direction of conveyance and, between the planks, a sealing device having spatially separate outer and inner sealing elements. The sealing device has between the sealing elements a conveying duct, which runs along the length of the planks and on which a gas supply is configured to produce a gas stream along the length of the conveying duct. Bulk material which has infiltrated through the outer sealing element can be transported away before it can reach and migrate through the inner sealing element. The accompanying sealing effect can considerably reduce the undesirable material through-fall, while enabling the use of low-wearing seals, which provide excellent wear resistance.

Abstract: A method of controlling the operation of a bulk good grate cooler for cooling hot cement clinker, for example, in a process-controlled manner is provided in order to ensure that the volume flows of cooling air in all areas of the cooling grate and/or the residence time in the respective area of the bed of the goods to be cooled can be matched to the cooling requirements occurring in each area. A control intervention is carried out during the operation of the grate cooler with respect to the respective local cooling air volume flow and/or with respect to the respective local speed of conveyance of cooling grid according to the respective bulk good bed height measured per area and/or the bulk good bed temperature and/or the cooling air through-flow resistance such that if a modification occurs in one or several of the measured parameters, i.e., bed height, bed temperature and through-flow resistance, the respective local cooling air volume flow and/or the conveyance speed of the grate system is altered.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to design a bulk-material cooler, particularly one for cooling cement clinker, which operates according to the walking floor principle, so that its cooling grate can be composed of a multitude of ventilated cooling grate modules, which can be assembled in an easy and variable manner, in order to obtain large lengths and widths of the cooler. When these cooling grate modules move between an advancing and returning position, even lateral and/or height offset of the guiding elements can be compensated for in a kinematic manner. To this end, the invention provides that the cooling grate, when viewed over the length and width of the cooler, is composed of a multitude of modules (13, 14) ventilated with cooling air. The coupling of the cooling grate modules of each longitudinal row of cooling grate modules is effected by an articulated joint.

Abstract: In order to provide an automatically operating cooling air regulating device for a grate cooler for cooling hot bulk material such as cement clinker, for example, which can be constructed easily and can be used without problems both for non-moving and also in particular for moving cooling grate regions or moving cooling grate systems, a regulating device with a regulator housing which is arranged below the cooling grate, performs its movements with it and is flowed through by the cooling air supplied is proposed according to the invention, an inner body which can be moved translatorily by the cooling air flow being guided displaceably in the regulator housing and the free flow cross section of the regulator housing remaining for the cooling air being reduced automatically with increasing height inside the regulator housing of the inner body against which the cooling air flows, and vice versa.

Abstract: The invention aims at providing a bulk material cooler particularly for hot cement clinker, wherein the conveyance performance and the efficiency of the cooler are enhanced and problems due to wear are reduced. According to the invention, the cooling grates of several adjacent, elongated bottom elements extending in longitudinal direction of the cooler are put together, said bottom elements being movably controlled independently of one another between a work clearance stroke position in the direction of conveyance of the material to be cooled and a return stroke position in such a way that the material to be cooled is gradually conveyed through the cooler according to the walking floor transport system, wherein the bottom elements are configured as hollow bodies and enable the cold air to go through yet prevent grate sifting of the material to be cooled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a grate element (1) for a grate of a waste-incineration plant, having a plurality of rows of grate blocks, which are moveable or fixed, arranged one behind the other, a plurality of grate blocks (67) being arranged in each row of grate blocks. A first number of grate blocks arranged in a moveable row of grate blocks here is assigned to a first grate carriage (5), and a second number of grate blocks arranged in a moveable row of grate blocks is assigned to a second grate carriage (35), it being possible for the first number of grate blocks to be moved independently of the second number of grate blocks.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and an apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, a layer of bulk material by means of a stream of gas passed through it on a grate. The grate includes a plurality of elongated planks which extend in a conveying direction and are driven in advancing and return strokes in the conveying direction in such a manner that at least two adjacent planks are moved forwardly simultaneously and are moved backwardly non-simultaneously. Since the material located on a plank which is being moved back is prevented from completely following the plank moving back by the friction generated with the material located above the adjacent planks or with the wall, the conveying effect in the conveying direction outweighs the conveying effect in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A stoker grate for circulating a combustible material includes a stationary grate sheet support and a moveable grate sheet support fitting with prop rolls on the stationary grate sheet support. The moveable grate sheet support includes a pair of moveable grate sheet supports opposed to each other and another pair of arc-shaped moveable grate sheet supports opposed to each other to form a long annular-shaped assembled support, stationary grate sheets fitting with mounting transverse beams of the stationary grate sheet support, moveable grate sheets fitting with mounting transverse beams of the moveable grate sheet support, the moveable grate sheets and the stationary grate sheets being disposed alternatingly, and a transmission unit. The driving moveable grate sheet support is hinged to the adjacent driven moveable grate sheet support and the driven moveable grate sheet supports are hinged to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooler for cooling clinker with a device for removal of a sample of the clinker, wherein the cooler has a first cooler section, a second cooler section and a crusher disposed between them, and the device for removal of a sample of the clinker is disposed in a region between the first and the second cooler section.

Abstract: In one aspect, a grate segment for a burner, comprises a substantially rigid body (30) having a dispersed array of cavities (38) filled with a refractory material. In another aspect, a solid fuel gasifier includes a housing (12) defining a gasifier chamber (14), and a solid fuel inlet (21), grate structure (22, 24) in the gasifier chamber. The grate structure includes base means, a plurality of agitator segments (32) positioned relative to the base means for reciprocating movement to agitate a fuel load in the gasifier, and means to support the base means and the agitator segments so that the latter reciprocate in a direction at a substantial inclination to both horizontal and vertical. In use of the gasifier a deep burden of fuel accumulates on the grate structure and the outward stroke of the reciprocation of the agitator elements is in the overall direction of flow of the fuel burden or generally oppositely thereto.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and an apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, a layer of bulk material by means of a stream of gas passed through it on a grate. The grate includes a plurality of elongated planks which extend in a conveying direction and are driven in advancing and return strokes in the conveying direction in such a manner that at least two adjacent planks are moved forwardly simultaneously and are moved backwardly non-simultaneously. Since the material located on a plank which is being moved back is prevented from completely following the plank moving back by the friction generated with the material located above the adjacent planks or with the wall, the conveying effect in the conveying direction outweighs the conveying effect in the opposite direction.

Abstract: Grate plate for the push-type grate of a clinker cooler, which has a topside bearing surface exposed to the hot material to be cooled. The grate plate including a rear region having devices for connection to a grate-plate carrier, such that the grate plate front projects over an adjacent grate plate. Longitudinally extending edge strips are connected in a force-transmitting manner to the devices for connection to the grate-plate carrier to support the plate front. The topside bearing surface is formed by a cover plate which is free of the edge strips, at least in front of the grate-plate carrier, and which has freedom of expansion in the horizontal direction in relation to the support part comprising the edge strips.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, bulk material which is lying on a conveying grate (10) in the form of a layer (20). The gas is passed through the grate (10) and the layer (20) from the bottom upward. The grate is moved forward and back in its entirety, with the layer of material (20) being held in place during the return stroke. The stroke frequency is selected to be sufficiently low for there to be substantially no vertical mixing of the layer of material (20). A blocking plate (30) or the like is provided for the purpose of holding the layer (20) in place. The avoidance of the vertical relative movement within the layer of material (20) improves the heat recovery.

Abstract: Thrust grate with a stationary grate component and with a grate component (2) moved forwards and backwards and is connected to members for its lateral guidance. These members are formed by oppositely arranged tension elements (3) stretched between the moved grate component (2) and a stationary structural part (1) essentially horizontally and perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the grate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a grate for incineration plants for the incineration of combustible material, in particular refuse, comprising at least one grate track, which is composed of fixed and movable grate-lining rows, which are arranged alternately in the direction of flow of the combustible material and have a number of grate-lining units lying side by side, the grate-lining units being connected in the region of their rear end to fixed and movable grate-lining carriers respectively and moving with their front end on or over the following grate-lining unit, and a drive being assigned to the movable grate-lining units, which drive has a torsion bar led out of the underblast region.

Abstract: A cooler for cooling particulate material which has been subjected to heat treatment in an industrial kiln, such as a rotary kiln for manufacturing cement clinker, which cooler comprises an inlet, an outlet, end walls, side walls, a bottom and a ceiling, at least one stationary supporting surface for receiving and supporting the material to be cooled, means for injecting cooling gas into the material, as well as a reciprocating scraper system which comprises a number of rows of scraper elements arranged transversely across the direction of movement of the material, said scraper elements being moved back and forth in the direction of movement of the material for conveying the material forward across the supporting surface.

Abstract: A fire grate assembly for stoker incinerators. A plurality of stationary and movable grate members are alternately arranged in the assembly. The assembly also has a preventing member, such as a liner plate, which is detachably mounted to an end of each of the movable grate members for preventing the stationary grate members and the movable grate members from directly contacting each other, while allowing the movable grate members to be linearly movable relative to the stationary grate members. The preventing member is replaceable and can have a countersunk hole, thus being adapted for bolting the end of each of the movable grate members.

Abstract: A grate cooler of simple construction whose cooling grate is substantly protected against wear and which can be operated in simple fashion and with a high cooling efficiency. A plurality of rotatably supported tubular oscillating shafts, spaced apart from one another, are arranged transversely to the conveyance direction of cooling feed material above a stationary cooling grate. Upwardly extending shovel arms (16a, 16b, 16c), are attached to the shafts which move with a reciprocating oscillatory motion (17) in the conveyance direction of cooling feed material. The shovel arms have a pushing surface on their forward side and a wedge surface on their rearward side and, in their oscillatory motion, moving the hot bed of cooling feed material successively from the beginning of grate-cooler to the discharge of the grate cooler.

Abstract: A combustion grate has fire bars which have whole or partial cooling by gas or fluid use via a closed regulating circuit. Lines which conduct the fluid or gas have thermal expansion capability. In particular, windings are provided in the shape of a helical spring. The fire bars have corrugated exchangers and can be replaceable rods.

Abstract: To cool a grate having alternately fixed and movable rows (1, 1′) of grate bars (2), cooling liquid is sprayed into cavities (7), open at the bottom, of the grate bars (2) from spray tubes (10) situated in the underblast region (8) and in the process vaporizes essentially completely, so that the heat of vaporization is extracted from the grate bars (2). The angle sector (12) into which the cooling liquid is sprayed may be set in such a way that in each case only those sections of the grate bars (2) whose top sides form the free surface of the grate are sprayed. The cavities may also be closed except for a discharge opening leading into the underblast region and may be connected to a supply reservoir, in which the liquid is kept at a constant level, which is just below the discharge openings.

Abstract: A process wherein primary air supplied to the combustion bed through the thrust combustion grate is deflected after exiting from a surface of the thrust combustion grate by deflector elements mounted on the surface of the thrust combustion grate. The grate required for this purpose has grate plates made from a permeable hollow element with connection pieces for supplying and draining cooling water, with primary air supply ducts that run through the grate plate from a bottom to a top. Deflector elements against which the primary air exiting the outlet is intended to impact, are disposed over openings of the primary air supply ducts.

Abstract: A thrust combustion grate for burning refuse having altemately stationary (5) and movable (6) hollow grate plates (5,6) in a stairway formation, that rest on each other with their front underedge. The grate plates extend across the entire width of the grateway. The movable grate plates (6) are each driven by a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit (18,19). To the sides, the grateway is limited by panels of water-cooled conduits (8,9), which, in the longitudinal direction, each consist of at least two sections sealingly flanged together. The panels are rigidly screwed to each other by a plurality of horizontally disposed distancing bars (3,4) running perpendicular thereto. Running between the panels are two additional conduits (10,11) flanged together in the same way, for feeding primary air and cooling water, which are fixed to certain individual distancing bars (3,4).

Abstract: A grate for a firing plant, having at least one grate track with a plurality of fixed and moving rows of grate-lining units, which rows alternate in the longitudinal direction, are bounded on both sides by side walls and are provided with cooling passages as well as with feed and discharge lines. The grate-lining units are connected at their rear end to a fixed or movable grate-lining bearer and rest with their front end on the following grate-lining unit, and the cooling passages being arranged essentially transversely to the longitudinal direction of the grate. The cooling passages are tubes arranged in a meander shape and integrally cast in the grate-lining units and whose spacing is adapted to the thermal loading on the grate-lining units. The tube spacing preferably decreases from the rear end to the front end of the grate-lining unit.

Abstract: A side edge assembly for a cooling grate comprises a first aligned array of outer plates arranged in succession in the longitudinal direction of the grate and a second aligned array, which is between the grate and the outer plates, of inner plates arranged in succession in the longitudinal direction of the grate. In the assembled condition the joins of the outer plates and the joins of the inner plates are displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A fuel-conveying incineration grate has grate beams (1) for extending in a longitudinal direction obliquely downward in the longitudinal direction. The grate beams (1) have first surfaces (4) on first sides of the grate beams (1) stepped downwardly in said direction for receiving fuel, opposite surfaces on opposite sides of the grate beams (1), and lateral surfaces (3) sealingly closely adjacent to each other across widths of the grate beams (1) substantially along full lengths of the grate beams (1) in the longitudinal direction. The grate beams (1)relatively reciprocate in the longitudinal direction for conveyting the fuel thereon. At least two longitudinally extending ducts (6, 7) are in thermal communication with the opposite sides of the grate beams (1) for a heat-transmission medium. Connecting points (12, 13) at least at one end of the grate beams (1) provide for flow of the heat-transmission medium at least one of towards and away form the ducts (6, 7).

Abstract: Described is a grating plate for a sliding grating for a burned-material cooling unit, the grating plate having, in the surface which holds the materials, a recess (13) in which cooling-air outlets (10) are located and, below the recess, a cooling-air feed space (17). The depth of the recess (13) increases from back to front. The cross-section of the cooling-air feed space (17) decreases correspondingly from back to front in accordance with the change in the cooling-air flow through the space.

Abstract: The reciprocating grate according to the invention for the treatment of bulk material, particularly for cooling hot material by means of gases, comprises a plurality of rows of grate plates disposed behind one another in the longitudinal direction of the grate, of which at least some are moveable to and fro relative to the others, wherein the grate plates of rows of adjacent grate plates overlap each other somewhat like scales. In order that the wear between grate plates moving relative to one another and the requirement for confining air between these grate plates can be kept relatively low, in at least one longitudinal portion of the grate in each case at least two rows of grate plates which are immediately adjacent to one another are jointly movable relative to at least one succeeding row of grate plates.

Abstract: A grate element (1) for a grate surface, e.g. in a clinker cooler, is shaped in the form of a box between the walls (3, 4) of which a number of surface-defining grate bars (5, 6) are mutually arranged so that, between them, they form fine gas channels (7). The grate bars (5, 6) alternately consist of bars (5) having a substantially rectangular cross section and bars (6) having a cross section substantially of the form of an inverted T. The rectangular bars (5) overlap the transverse sections (6a) of the T-bars, each of which is provided at the free end with a projecting, longitudinal bead (17), whereas each of the rectangular bars (5) at the sides facing the T-bars (6) are correspondingly configured with depending, longitudinal beads (15).

Abstract: For cooling a grate block which forms a part of a grate for plants for the thermal treatment of waste material, a closed cooling chamber inside a block body of the grate block below an upper wall bearing the waste material is filled with cooling water and is closed in a sealing manner from the bottom by a base provided with an insulation layer. Effective cooling of the parts of the grate block which are subject to the greatest thermal loading takes place, greatly reducing the temperatures. Since thermal expansions in the material are dispensed with, a grate-block row can be formed by only a few grate blocks screwed to one another. The assembly and exchange of grate blocks are simpler; and the undesirable dropping of waste material through the grate between the grate blocks is largely eliminated. Additionally, the grate blocks can be produced from less expensive material.