Abstract: 8?-Hydroxy-Dihydroergotamine (8?-OH DHE) medicinal compounds, compositions, and dosage forms containing such compositions are provided. Also provided herein are methods of treatment, prevention, or amelioration of migraine disorders using the compounds, compositions, dosage forms and administration techniques disclosed herein.

Abstract: 1-Phenyl-2-pyridinyl alkyl alcohol compounds are effective as inhibitors of the phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) enzyme and may be used to prevent and/or treat certain diseases or conditions.

Abstract: An inhalable medicament is provided, in particular a new solid-state form of tiotropium bromide. The medicament can be in the form of solid amorphous particles containing an intimate admixture of tiotropium bromide together with a pharmaceutically acceptable co-solid having a glass transition temperature of at least ?50° C., such as a sugar and/or sugar alcohol.

Abstract: A fluid dispenser device including a body (10), an elongate flexible strip (20) supporting a plurality of reservoirs (21), a reservoir opening mechanism (30); a first displacement mechanism (40) for causing the flexible strip to advance so as to bring a full reservoir into register with the reservoir-opening mechanism; and a second displacement mechanism (45) for displacing a reservoir (21) against the reservoir opening mechanism (30). The leading end (25) of the flexible strip (20), in the advance direction of the strip is fastened to a receiver element (50), which is displaceable on a path along a guide mechanism (100), between a first position that corresponds to the first actuation of the device and a second position that corresponds to the last actuation of the device.

Abstract: Multimodal particulate formulations of medicaments and methods for their use, e.g. by nasal or pulmonary administration for the treatment of various medical conditions, are provided.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for inhibiting the TRPA1 ion channel and/or medical conditions related to TRPA1, such as asthma.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) described herein act both as muscarinic receptor antagonists and beta2 adrenergic receptor agonists and are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of broncho-obstructive or inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Drug delivery devices that include a microphone and processing circuitry that can detect operating events, such as peak inspiratory flow (PIF) and Breath Actuated Mechanism (BAM) in dry powder inhalers can be used to improve clinical trials by providing information about the way in which the inhalers under test are being used.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) defined herein act both as muscarinic receptor antagonists and beta2 adrenergic receptor agonists and are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of broncho-obstructive or inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: A medicament dispenser for use with at least one medicament carrier carrying multiple distinct medicament portions, said medicament dispenser comprising (a) a dispensing mechanism actuable for dispensing the distinct medicament portions carried by the at least one medicament carrier; (b) a mouthpiece; and (c) a cover for the mouthpiece, the cover being movably mounted to the dispenser for sequential movement from a first position, in which the mouthpiece is covered, to a second position, in which the mouthpiece is at least part-uncovered, to a third position in which the mouthpiece is uncovered; wherein the cover is adapted to couple with the dispensing mechanism such that movement of the cover from the second position to the third position, but not the first position to the second position, results in actuation of the dispensing mechanism.

Abstract: Inhaler for inhaling powdered medicaments from capsules, comprising a lower part (6), a plate (3) accommodated in the lower part (6), and a holder (18) inserted in the lower part (6), a mouthpiece (2) that can be latched to the lower part (6) on the plate (3), a cover (1) that covers the mouthpiece (2) in a closed position and latches by means of a closure element (14), the lower part (6) and the cover (1) being rotatably (4) connected to one another by a spindle (4), and an actuating member (7, 10) that can be moved from a resting position and set in motion and at the same time co-operates with at least one pin (8, 11) that can be stuck into the holder (18) and is located in a pin holder in the inner actuating member (10). In the holder (18) an exchangeable tube (22) can be inserted, as expulsion channel, which comprises a capsule chamber (21) with the capsule.

Abstract: The present invention provides dry powder formulations for inhalation having improved moisture resistance such that the powders maintain a high fine particle dosage or fine particle fraction following storage under relatively extreme temperature and humidity conditions.

Abstract: A device for puncturing a capsule to release a powdered medicament therefrom includes a chamber for receiving the capsule. The capsule includes opposing domes and a cylindrical wall portion defined by a capsule wall radius r. The device further includes a mechanism for puncturing at least one hole in at least one dome. A center of each hole is located within an annular puncture region situated at no less than 0.4 r, and a total surface area of all puncture holes is between about 0.5% and about 2.2% of a total surface area of the capsule. The annular puncture region may, for example, be situated between about 0.4 r and about 0.8 r, or between about 0.4 r and about 0.6 r.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) described herein are inhibitors of the phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) enzyme and are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of an allergic disease state or a disease of the respiratory tract characterized by airway obstruction.

Abstract: An inhalation device comprising a base having a slot for insertion of a single blister containing a dose of medicament to be inhaled into the base is disclosed. The inhaler has a mouthpiece pivotably mounted to the base which carries a blister piercing element operable to pierce a blister received in said slot when the mouthpiece is pivoted relative to the base. When a user inhales on the mouthpiece, the dose is entrained in an airflow and flows out of the blister through the mouthpiece and into the user's airway.

Abstract: A powder inhaler comprising: a body that is provided with a dispenser orifice; a plurality of reservoirs each containing a dose of powder; a perforator to perforate a predosed reservoir on each actuation; and a dispersion channel including an inlet that is connected to the perforator and that receives the dose of powder from the reservoir, and an outlet connected to the dispenser orifice, the perforator controlled by inhalation, the dispersion channel including two bent channel portions, a first bent channel portion that is connected to said inlet via a first substantially-rectilinear channel portion, and a second bent channel portion connected to the outlet via a second substantially-rectilinear channel portion, the two bent channel portions being interconnected via a third substantially-rectilinear channel portion, the cross-section of the third substantially-rectilinear channel portion being smaller than the cross-section of the first substantially-rectilinear channel portion.

Abstract: A powder medicine administering apparatus includes: an upper body including a lower surface, and a medicine storage chamber having an upper opening portion opened on the lower surface; a lower body including an upper surface, and a medicine receiving chamber which has a lower opening portion, and which is recessed in a downward direction from the lower opening portion. The lower body is relatively slid with respect to the upper body so that the lower surface of the upper body is slidably moved on the upper surface of the lower body to be switched between a connection state and a non-connection state. The medicine receiving chamber is arranged to be moved in a one section from the standby position to the discharge position so that entire of the lower opening portion of the medicine receiving chamber is within the upper opening portion of the upper body.

Abstract: A delivery device for and method of providing for delivery of substance to the central nervous system (CNS) of a subject, the delivery device comprising: a nosepiece unit for insertion into a nasal airway of a subject and comprising an outlet unit which includes a nozzle for delivering substance into the nasal airway of the subject; and a substance supply unit which is operable to deliver a dose of substance to the nozzle; wherein the delivery device is configured such that at least 30% of the dose as initially deposited in the nasal airway is deposited in an upper posterior region of the nasal airway, thereby providing a CNS concentration of the substance, and hence CNS effect, which is significantly greater than that which would be predicted from a counterpart blood plasma concentration of the substance.

Abstract: A delivery device for and method of providing for delivery of substance to the central nervous system (CNS) of a subject, the delivery device comprising: a nosepiece unit for insertion into a nasal airway of a subject and comprising an outlet unit which includes a nozzle for delivering substance into the nasal airway of the subject; and a substance supply unit which is operable to deliver a dose of substance to the nozzle; wherein the delivery device is configured such that at least 30% of the dose as initially deposited in the nasal airway is deposited in an upper posterior region of the nasal airway, thereby providing a CNS concentration of the substance, and hence CNS effect, which is significantly greater than that which would be predicted from a counterpart blood plasma concentration of the substance.

Abstract: Pharmaceutically engineered aerosols (e.g. submicrometer and nano-particles and droplets) containing a hygroscopic growth excipient or agent are employed to improve the delivery of respiratory aerosols to the lung. Inclusion of the hygroscopic agent results in near zero depositional loss in the nose-mouth-throat regions and near 100% deposition of the aerosol in the lung. Targeting of the aerosol to specific lung depths is also possible. In addition, methods and apparatuses for delivering aerosols to the lung are provided. The aerosol is delivered to one nostril of a patient while a relatively high humidity gaseous carrier is delivered to the other nostril, resulting in post-nasopharyngeal growth of the aerosol to a size that promotes deposition in the lung.

Abstract: A drug delivery device is disclosed which produces aerosolized particles of pharmaceutically active drug for delivery to a patient by inhalation. The device includes a liquid feeding source such as a channel to which formulation is added at one end and expelled through an exit opening. The feeding channel is surrounded by a pressurized chamber into which gas is fed and out of which gas is expelled from an opening. The opening from which the gas is expelled is positioned directly in front of the flow path of liquid expelled from the feeding channel. Various parameters are adjusted so that pressurized gas surrounds liquid flowing out of the feeding channel in a manner so as to maintain a stable capillary microjet of liquid until the liquid exits the pressure chamber opening and is aerosolized into particles having a uniform diameter in the range of about 1 to 5 microns.

Abstract: An atomizer and a method of dispensing and atomizing fluid into individual containers through a nozzle are proposed, where in order to improve the dosing accuracy, a preliminary amount of fluid, flushing the nozzle, is dispensed before each dose is dispensed.

Abstract: Methods of fabricating and operating dry powder inhalers that include dose disks and airway channel disks with sealant layers, the airway channel disks forming radially-extending discrete, typically dose-specific, airway channels serially forming a portion of the inhalation pathway to deliver dry powder to a user using the inhalers.

Abstract: A dry powder drug-dosing device comprises a flow passage member (10), a drug powder storage container (19), and a drug-dosing metering component. A drug powder storage container (19), an annular manual rotation portion (3) and a rotational slide passage (23) are disposed on the outer surface of the housing. A sliding block (26) is disposed at an inner side of the annular manual rotation portion (3) A stirring gear (28) disposed on a transmission sleeve (27) is fit with the raised vibration tooth (21), so as to form a vibration component for enabling an outlet of the inverted conical drug powder storage container (19) to generate vibration. The dry powder drug-dosing device is applicable to the inhalation administration of various medicines in the form of dry powder.

Abstract: The invention relates to inhibitors of the phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) enzyme. More particularly, the invention relates to compounds that are derivatives of 1-phenyl-2-pyridinyl alkyl alcohols, methods of preparing such compounds, compositions containing them and therapeutic use thereof.

Abstract: A dry powder inhalation apparatus operable by breath of a user which provides for controlled and smooth transfer of medicament during multiple actuations by a user. A mechanism of the apparatus for achieving this controlled and smooth transfer includes a device normally held adjacent a reservoir for receiving medicament in a cup or receptacle and which is generally movable transversely of a longitudinal axis of the apparatus to delivery channels of the apparatus. This bodily shifting of the device is achieved by a yoke acting on an abutment thereof. Spillage of medicament in the apparatus is avoided.

Abstract: A delivery device is provided which comprises a container containing a dose of a powder and having at least one exit orifice for dispensing the dose from the container and a chamber adapted to receive the container in an operative configuration. The device further comprises at least one gas inlet by which gas may enter the chamber and at least one gas outlet by which gas and entrained powder may exit the chamber. The delivery device is operable to generate a gas flow through the chamber between the at least one gas inlet and the at least one gas outlet, which brings about orbital motion of the container within the chamber in that at least a central region of the container orbits a central axis of the chamber. The volume occupied by the container is at least 25% of the volume of the chamber.

Abstract: A demand valve is fixedly and rigidly mounted on an anesthetic gas mixer stand in close proximity to the gas mixer. A single-patient-use disposable breathing and scavenging circuit is adapted to be removably connected to the demand valve output for permitting a patient to breath gas, or a mixture gases, supplied by the gas mixer through a remotely located disposable face mask included as a portion of the breathing circuit. The breathing circuit further includes a scavenger portion for collecting exhaled waste gas from the face mask. The scavenger portion of the circuit also is disposable.

Abstract: A delivery device is provided having a container containing a dose of greater than 40 mg of a powder and having at least one exit orifice for dispensing the dose from the container, a chamber adapted to receive the container in an operative configuration, at least one gas inlet by which gas may enter the chamber and at least one gas outlet by which gas and entrained powder may exit the chamber. The delivery device is operable to generate a gas flow through the chamber between the at least one gas inlet and the at least one gas outlet, which brings about orbital motion of the container within the chamber in that at least a central region of the container orbits a central axis of the chamber.

Abstract: An airflow adaptor for a breath-actuated dry powder inhaler. The airflow adaptor includes a conduit having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the proximal end allows fluid communication from a deagglomerator outlet port to the distal end of the conduit, and wherein the airflow adaptor further includes provisions for allowing air to flow from a proximal end of the adaptor to a distal end of the adaptor independently of the airflow in the conduit when a breath induced low pressure is applied to the distal end of the airflow adaptor.

Abstract: An apparatus including a first cartridge, a sensor, and a controller. The first cartridge can include a first release device configured to release a first substance into a housing. The controller can be configured to receive data from the sensor. The controller can determine an amount of first substance released by the first cartridge based on the data and estimate a remaining amount of first substance in the first cartridge based on the determined amount of first substance.

Abstract: Dry powder inhalers comprising a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist and optionally a beta 2 agonist and/or a corticosteroid for use in the treatment of inflammatory or respiratory tract diseases, such as asthma or COPD.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of the general formula (I): The compound of formula (I) is suitable for treating pulmonary fibrosis, such as Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in a mammal. Furthermore the present invention concerns a method of monitoring development or progression of pulmonary fibrosis in a human subject, a method of monitoring or predicting exacerbation of symptoms in a human subject with pulmonary fibrosis as well as a method for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, such as Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in a human subject having a galectin-3 level indicative of pulmonary fibrosis or exacerbation of symptoms.

Abstract: An inhalation kit comprising: (a) an inhaler displaying a flow resistance of about 0.01 to 0.1, ?{square root over (kPa)} min/L; and (b) an inhalable powder comprising tiotropium in admixture with a physiologically acceptable excipient with an average particle size of between 10 to 500 ?m, and a method of administering an inhalable powder containing tiotropium in admixture with a physiologically acceptable excipient with an average particle size of between 10 pm to 500 ?m, the method comprising actuating an inhaler a flow resistance of about 0.01 to 0.1 ?{square root over (kPa)} min/L containing the inhalable powder.

Abstract: An inhaler (1) is proposed for delivering a preferably powdered formulation from a blister strip (3) having a plurality of blister pockets (4). The inhaler comprises a life span blocking device (31) which blocks opening of a cover (15) of the inhaler in a blocking state by means of locking element (39) interlocking the cover with a housing (19) of the inhaler.

Abstract: An inhaler for powdered, particularly medicinal substances, is formed with a suction air duct that extends to a mouthpiece, a reservoir for the substance, and an at least linearly movable dosing chamber for separating a specific amount of the substance from the reservoir and placing the amount into a transfer position from where it is transferred to a suction air flow. In order to charge the dosing chamber by separating a specific amount of substance from the reservoir, the dosing chamber can be rotationally moved in a superimposed fashion while being arranged eccentric to a corresponding axis of rotation. A closure slide element closes off the dosing chamber in the transfer position. When suction is applied, the closure slide element moves relative to the dipping plunger into a dose-release position, whereupon the dose of the powdered substance is transferred to the suction air stream formed in the suction air duct.

Abstract: An inhaler/puffer is provided. The inhaler/puffer may comprise a body, a cap, and a base, the cap and the base being configured to functionally engage the body. The body may define a chamber wherein minerals, such as salt, may be housed. The body, cap, and base may be configured to permit a user to inhale on the cap and draw air through the base into the chamber, over the minerals, through the cap and into the respiratory system of the user. Additionally, the inhaler/puffer may be placed in-line with an oxygen breathing system, such that as the breathing system provides oxygen to the user, the user also receives salt air treatment.

Abstract: A device for inhalation of at least one air stream carrying a dose of medicament powder. The device comprises a powder-containing cavity which opens into a flow passage. The flow passage is arranged to direct an inhalation air flow across the cavity opening. A circulating flow is thereby induced in the cavity by the phenomenon of shear driven cavity flow. Powder is entrained in the circulating flow and deaggregated before exiting the cavity and becoming entrained in the flow of air along the flow passage.

Abstract: A breath-powered, dry powder inhaler, a cartridge, and a pulmonary drug delivery system are provided. The dry powder inhaler can be provided with or without a unit dose cartridge for using with the inhaler. The inhaler and/or cartridge can be provided with a drug delivery formulation comprising, for example, a diketopiperazine and an active ingredient, including, peptides and proteins such as insulin and glucagon-like peptide 1 for the treatment of diabetes and/or obesity. The dry powder inhaler is compact; can be provided in various shapes and sizes, colors, and comprises a housing, a mouthpiece, a cartridge placement area, and a mechanism for opening and closing the medicament cartridge. The device is easy to manufacture, provides a pre-metered single unit dose, it is relatively easy to use, and can be reusable or disposable.

Abstract: A dry powder inhaler for pulmonary or nasal use, employing capsules containing a dose of powder for inhalation, comprising two operating components and an optional cover. Air is drawn by the patient via a mouthpiece or nosepiece which is in communication with the capsule and travels via air paths through the device and through the capsule thereby dispersing and entraining the dose of powder. The capsule is cut by cutting means located on one of the components, in a manner which eliminates or minimizes capsule debris and minimizes powder leakage during use. The inhaler body and capsule cutting blades comprise a single operating component and they may be manufactured in a single unitary step. The invention affords a very economical and simple device for the delivery of pulmonary medicines.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1), which is closable by a cap, for inhaling powdery substances (13), particularly of a medicinal kind, contained in capsules (14) that can be displaced by means of a slider (9) into an emptying position for the purpose of aspirating completely the content thereof. To further improve such a device in terms of clean storage, it is proposed to dispose the air inlet for the mouthpiece channel (5) adjacent to and below the closed mouthpiece cap (3).

Abstract: A metering device activated by a user induced airstream for an inhalation of a medicinal substance. The device includes: a closure cap; a piston; a mouthpiece; and an annular chamber disposed upstream of the mouthpiece. A storage chamber stores the substance which can be moved out of the storage chamber when the closure cap is removed. A metering rod for removing the medicinal substance out of the storage chamber into an emptying-standby position. In the emptying-standby position, the metering chamber is closed by the piston. The piston is displaceable by airstream into an emptying-release position. In the emptying-release position, a metering chamber is released and the substance removed by the suction airstream. The metering device includes an outer cylinder which accommodates an inner cylinder.

Abstract: A manifold for use in a medicament dispenser device for the delivery of medicament powder from an open blister pocket of a blister pack comprises a body defining a chimney having a chimney inlet and a chimney exit, and defining a chamber having a chamber inlet and a chamber exit, wherein the chimney exit and said chamber inlet lie side-by-side such that when the open blister pocket is positioned adjacent thereto airflow is directed from the chimney exit to the chamber inlet via the open blister pocket, and wherein one or more bleed holes are provided between the chimney and the chamber such that bleed airflow is able to be directed into the chamber to disruptively impact the airflow that transports the entrained medicament powder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel use of the antimuscarinic agent glycopyrrolate, for example the salt glycopyrronium bromide. In particular, the invention relates to glycopyrrolate for use as a heart rate lowering agent and more particularly, but not exclusively, for use in patients suffering from respiratory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Abstract: Dry powder inhalers include radially-extending discrete, typically dose-specific, airway channels serially forming a portion of the inhalation pathway to deliver dry powder to a user using the inhalers.

Abstract: A fluid dispenser device comprising: a body (10); a plurality of individual reservoirs (21) each containing a dose of fluid, such as powder, said reservoirs being disposed one behind another on an elongate flexible strip (20); reservoir-opening means (80) comprising a perforator element that is stationary relative to the body; first strip displacement means (30) for causing the elongate flexible strip (20) to advance before and/or after each actuation of the device; and second reservoir-displacement means (50) for displacing a full reservoir (21) against said perforator element for opening said reservoir, said first displacement means including an indexer wheel (30) that is rotatably mounted on said second displacement means (50) and provided with at least one cavity (31) that is adapted to receive a respective reservoir, turning said indexer wheel (30) and thus causing said elongate flexible strip (20) to advance, said first displacement means include an actuator member (3000) that is disposed in coaxial man

Abstract: Described is a dry powder inhaler comprising an intake section; a mixing section, and a mouthpiece.

Abstract: Glucocorticosteroids that are derivatives of isoxazolidine are useful as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic compounds of the glucocorticosteroid series.

Abstract: A capsule for a powder has a body which is provided with an internal chamber to hold the powder and first and second openings to an exterior environment. The body is adapted to be displaced from a filling state, in which the first and second openings are placed in fluid communication with one another through the internal chamber thereby enabling an airflow to be created through the body from the second opening to the first opening which is able to entrain powder in the exterior environment into the internal chamber for filling thereof, to a sealing state in which the internal chamber is sealed from the exterior environment so as to retain the powder held therein.

Abstract: An inhaler for delivery of a powder-form inhalation formulation from a blister strip has a plurality of blister pockets and uses a pivotable mouthpiece cover to move the blister strip onward via a conveyor, wherein the mouthpiece cover is drivingly coupled with the conveyor by engaging an axle in a recess to drive a conveying wheel.