Abstract: The present invention relates to a martensitic, corrosion resistant steel for rock drilling with properties which is adjusted essentially with regard to resistance against corrosion fatigue. This has been obtained in that an elongated element for percusive rock drilling which includes at least a thread and a flush channel has been made with corrosion resistant steel having a mainly martensitic structure.

Abstract: A steel composition particularly useful for components of solid oxide fuel cells, for example a connector plate for collecting electrical current from a solid oxide fuel cell, consisting of, in weight percent, 18-28.5 Cr, 0.001-0.20 C, <0.1 Si, 0.005-0.10 Mn, <1.0 Ni, <0.25 N, <0.05 S, <0.08 P, <0.06 Al, <0.25 Additional Defined Metals, and 0.005-0.50 REM, wit the residue iron, excluding incidental impurities, where Additional Defined Metals is the sum of titanium, niobium, vanadium, molybdenum and copper, and REM is one or more of the rare earth metal elements in the group of the lanthanide elements 57 to 71, scandium and yttrium.

Abstract: A welding method for two members adapted to be welded and formed of a low-alloy steel for structural purposes causing the weld metal to develop martensite transformation during cooling after welding, so that the weld metal becomes expanded to a greater degree at room temperature than at a temperature at which the martensite transformation initiates. The welding material comprises a ferrous alloy containing C, Cr, Ni, Si, Mn, Mo and Nb, all of which meet substantially with the contents of the following equation (1): 170≦719−(795×C wt %)−(23.7×Cr wt %)−(26.5×Ni wt %)−(35.55×Si wt %)−(13.25×Mn wt %)−(23.7×Mo wt %)−(11.85×Nb wt %)<250  (1).

Abstract: A high-strength, high-toughness martensitic stainless steel sheet has a chemical composition comprising, in mass percent, more than 0.03 to 0.15% of C, 0.2-2.0% of Si, not more than 1.0% of Mn, not more than 0.06% of P, not more than 0.006% of S, 2.0-5.0% of Ni, 14.0-17.0% of Cr, more than 0.03 to 0.10% of N, 0.0010-0.0070% of B, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities and has an A value of not less than −1.8, where A value=30(C+N)−1.5Si+0.5Mn+Ni−1.3Cr+11.8. The suitability of the steel sheet as a gasket material is enhanced by producing it to include not less than 85 vol % of martensite phase and to have a spring bending elastic limit Kb0.1 after application of tensile strain of 0.1% of not less than 700 N/mm2. Edge cracking during cold rolling is inhibited by conducting cold rolling after subjecting the hot-rolled sheet to 600-800 ° C.×10 hr or less intermediate annealing to impart a steel hardness of not greater than Hv 380.

Abstract: Engine gaskets for automobiles are fabricated from an as-quenched stainless steel having a martensitic-ferritic duplex-phase phase structure in which martensite comprises from 40% to 80%. The steel has a composition comprising on a weight basis; C+N: 0.1%-0.3%, Si: not greater than 0.5%, Mn: not greater than 0.7%, Cr: 10%-17%, and Ni: 0-0.6% and a Vickers hardness of from 300 to 500, The steel can be produced by quenching the steel after heating at 850-1000° C.

Abstract: A ferritic non-ridging stainless steel and process therefor. A chromium alloyed steel melt containing sufficient titanium and nitrogen but a controlled amount of aluminum is cast into an ingot or continuously cast into a strip or a slab having an as-cast fine equiaxed grain structure substantially free of columnar grains. The as-cast steel contains 0.08% C, at least about 8% Cr, up to 1.50% Mn, <0.020% Al, ≦0.05% N, ≦1.5% Si, <2.0% Ni, Ti ≧0.10%, the ratio of (Ti×N)/Al≧0.14, all percentages by weight, the balance Fe and residual elements. Preferably, the titanium is controlled so that (Ti/48)/[(C/12)+(N/14)]>1.5. A hot processed sheet may be formed from a continuously cast slab without grinding the surfaces of the slab. The hot processed sheet may be descaled, cold reduced to a final thickness and recrystallization annealed.

Abstract: Corrosion-resistant low-nickel austenitic stainless steel having the following compostion in percentages by weight: 0.01%<carbon<0.08%, 0.1%<silicon<1%, 5%<manganese<11%, 15%<chromium<17.5%, 1%<nickel<4%, 1%<copper<4%, 1×10−4%<sulfur<20×10−4%, 1×10−4%<calcium<50×10−4%, 0%<aluminum<0.03%, 0.005%<phosphorus<0.1%, boron<5×10−4%, oxygen<0.01%, the balance being iron and impurities resulting from the smelting operation.

Abstract: Alloy steels that combine high strength and toughness with high corrosion resistance are achieved by a dislocated lath microstructure, in which dislocated martensite laths that are substantially free of twinning alternate with thin films of retained austenite, with an absence of autotempered carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides in both the dislocated martensite laths and the retained austenite films. This microstructure is achieved by selecting an alloy composition whose martensite start temperature is 350° C. or greater, and by selecting a cooling regime from the austenite phase through the martensite transition region that avoids regions in which autotempering occurs.

Abstract: A ferritic stainless steel plate of excellent ridging resistance and formability, as well as a manufacturing method thereof are proposed. Specifically, the rolling is conducted at a rolling reduction of 30% or more in at least 1 pass and at a temperature difference between the center of the plate thickness and the surface of 200° C. or lower in a pass for the maximum rolling reduction to cause the area ratio of a {111}orientation colony to be present by 30% or more in the regions of ⅛ to ⅜ and ⅝ to ⅞ of the plate thickness. The {111}orientation colony is an assembly of adjacent crystals in which the angle of <111> orientation vector for each of the crystals relative to the direction vector vertical to the rolling surface is within 15°.

Abstract: A martensitic stainless steel for seamless steel pipes, excellent in descaling property and machinability, having the following chemical composition, by weight %; 0.025 to 0.22% of C, 10.5 to 14% of Cr, 0.16 to 1.0% of Si, 0.05 to 1.0% of Mn, 0.05% or less of Al, 0.100% or less of N, 0.25% or less of V, 0.020% or less of P, 0.004 to 0.015% of S, and the balance Fe and impurities, This steel may include 0.0002 to 0.0050% of B, and/or 0.0005 to 0.005% of Ca. In this case, the upper limit of S may be extended up to 0.018%. Preferably, Al is limited to less than 0.01%.

Abstract: The invention relates to an alloy steel with 0.3 to 1.0% carbon, 0.2 to 2.5% silicon, up to 0.8% manganese, 30.0 to 48.0% nickel, 16.0 to 22.0% chromium, 0.5 to 18.0% cobalt, 1.5 to 4% molybdenum, 0.2 to 0.6% niobium, 0.1 to 0.5% titanium, 0.1 to 0.6% zirconium, 0.1 to 1.5% tantalum and 0.1 to 1.5% hafnium, balance more than 20% iron when the cobalt content is at least 10% and more than 30% iron when the cobalt content is less than 10%. The steel is particularly suitable for use as a heat resistant and high hot strength material for parts, in particular pipes, of petrochemical cracking furnaces for the production of ethylene or synthesis gases.

Abstract: An overlayer for a use on industrial components such as steel mill caster rolls which require enhanced abrasion, corrosion, and gall resistance. The overlayer has relatively lower carbon levels and relatively higher molybdenum levels relative to other alloys used as overlayers, The overlayer has reduced susceptibility to sensitization and enhanced corrosion resistance.

Abstract: An inexpensive rolling apparatus improved in resistance to fretting, acoustic performance, resistance to corrosion, life and workability is provided. At least one of an outer member, an inner member and rolling elements of the apparatus is formed of an alloy steel containing 1.5% by weight or less of C, 10% to 20% by weight of Cr, 0.1% to 0.8% by weight of Mn, 0.1% to 1.0% by weight of Si and less than 0.2% by weight of N, particularly, at least one of the outer member, the inner member and the rolling elements is formed of a martensitic stainless steel containing 0.6% by weight or less of C, 10% to 14% by weight of Cr, 0.1% to 0.8% by weight of Mn, 0.1% to 1.0% by weight of Si, less than 0.2% by weight of N, 0.5% by weight or less of Mo, 0.2% by weight or less of V, and Fe and inevitable components as the balance, wherein the relationship between the content of C and that of Cr satisfies C %≦−0.05 Cr %+1.

Abstract: The invention provides a piston ring and piston ring material with excellent properties since not only it has excellent properties as a piston ring, but also excellent in drawability and rolling workability in the manufacturing process of stock, very excellent bending workability can be attained even when relatively high hardness after heat treatment is established, and excellent in properties as a piston ring. The piston ring material essentially consists, by weight of 0.2 to 1.2% C, 5.0 to 25.0% Cr and the balance Fe and incidental impurities, M7C3 type carbide content existing in the structure being 4.0% or less in terms of area percent to attain excellent scuffing resistance and workability. Preferably, C is 0.2 to 0.7%, and Cr is not less than 5.0% but less than 12.0%. Cr (wt. %)/C (wt. %) is 12 to 45, preferably 15 to 45, more preferably 18 to 30. In addition, the piston ring material of the present invention may contain not more than 0.25% Si, not more than 0.30% Mn, at least one not more than 2.

Abstract: A high-strength low-thermal-expansion alloy consisting of, by weight, 0.06 to 0.50% C, 25 to 65% in total of one or both of 65% or less Co and less than 30% Ni, and balance of Fe as a main component, other optional elements and unavoidable impurities, and having a primary phase of austenite phase and martensite phase induced by working. A wire is made from the alloy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a burner including an injector one end zone (33) of which can be taken to high temperatures during operation of the burner. This end zone is made of an alloy comprising between 16 and 22% by weight of Cr, between 3 and 6% by weight of Al, between 0.1 and 1.0% by weight of Ti, between 0.1 and 1.0% by weight of Y2O3, and between 70 and 80% by weight of Fe. The burner can be used in a furnace in the glassmaking industry.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a ferritic-austenitic stainless steel alloy as construction material for components in the process industry, which components can be foreseen to come into direct contact with caustic soda.

Abstract: A steam turbine in which principal components to be exposed to high temperatures are all made of ferritic steel, whereby the temperatures of main steam and reheat steam can be increased to 610-660 (° C.). The rotor shaft (23 in FIG. 1) of the steam turbine is made of ferritic forged steel whose 100,000-hour creep rupture strength is at least 15 (kg/mm2) at the service temperature of the rotor shaft. Likewise, the casing (18) is made of ferritic cast steel whose 100,000-hour creep rupture strength is at least 10 (kg/mm2). The steam turbine of high thermal efficiency can be applied to a steam-turbine power plant.

Abstract: A method of designing a ferritic iron-base alloy having excellent characteristics according not to the conventional trial-and-error technique but to a theoretical method, and a ferritic heat-resistant steel for use as the material of turbines and boilers usable even in an ultrasupercritical pressure power plant.

Abstract: A chilled casting is characterized by high corrosion resistance in aggressive media and by a wear resistance that approaches that of commercially available types of chilled casting. The disclosed chilled casting contains 36 to 46% by weight Cr, 5 to 12% weight Ni, 2 to 6% by weight Mo, up to 3% by weight Cu, up to 0.2% by weight N, up to 1.5% by weight Si, up to 1.5% by weight Mn and 1.4 to 1.9% by weight C, the remainder being Fe and impurities due to the production process. The chilled casting further contains 20 to 40% by volume austenite, 20 to 40% by volume ferrite and 20 to 40% by volume carbides having a lattice structure.

Abstract: A martensitic stainless steel pipe comprises, on the weight basis, C: 0.005 to 0.2%, Si: 1% or below, Mn: 0.1 to 5%, Cr: 7 to 15%, and Ni: 0 to 8%, wherein a wall thickness t (mm) and contents of C and Cr satisfy the relationship represented by the following equation (1).t(mm).ltoreq.exp{5.21-18.1C(%)-0.0407Cr(%)} (1)The steel pipe can be made by employing water quenching as a quenching method.

Abstract: To form a weld metal having improved hot cracking resistance, low temperature cracking resistance, toughness, strength, and corrosion resistance when welding high Cr steels containing 7.5 wt % or more Cr, the filler wire of the present invention has the ratio of Cr equivalent/Ni equivalent of 1.8 to 2.8 and the product: of Cr equivalent.times.Ni equivalent of 100 to 140, where Cr equivalent=Cr+Mo+1.5 Si, Ni equivalent=Ni+0.5 Mn+30C; and forms a weld metal having a ternary phase microstructure composed of austenite, ferrite and martensite phases during the gas-shielded arc welding. The filler wire of the present invention typically consists of 0.005-0.12 wt % C, 0.01-1.0 wt % Si, 0.02-2.0 wt % Mn, 12.0-17.0 wt % Cr, 5.0-8.0 wt % Ni, 1.0-3.0 wt % Mo, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, the impurities including 0.03 wt % or less P and 0.01 wt % or less S.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant, martensitic stainless steel alloy is disclosed having the following composition in weight percent.______________________________________ wt. % ______________________________________ Carbon 0.06-0.10 Manganese 0.50 max. Silicon 0.40 max. Phosphorus 0.060 max. Sulfur 0.15-0.55 Chromium 12.00-12.60 Nickel 0.25 max. Molybdenum 0.10 max. Copper 0.50 max. Nitrogen 0.04 max. ______________________________________and the balance is essentially iron. This alloy provides a unique combination of form tool machinability, corrosion resistance, and hardenability, particularly in the annealed condition (100 HRB max.). The alloy is capable of being hardened to at least 35 HRC.

Abstract: A steam turbine includes a rotor shaft, movable blades assembled on the rotor shaft, fixed blades for guiding inflow of steam to the moving blades, and an inner casing for holding the fixed blades. The rotor shaft and at least a first stage of the movable blades are made of high-strength martensitic steel comprising 0.05-0.20(%) of C, at most 0.15(%) of Si, 0.3-0.7(%) of Mn, 9.5-13(%) of Cr, 0.3-0.7(%) of Ni, 0.05-0.35(%) of V, 0.02-0.15(%) of Nb, 0.01-0.06(%) of N, 0.05-0.5(%) of Mo, 1.0-3.5(%) of W, 2-10(%) of Co and 0.0005-0.03(%) of B and at least 78(%) of Fe (the percentages being given in terms of weight). The inner casings is made of martensitic cast steel comprising 0.06-0.16(%) of C, at most 0.5(%) of Si, at most 1(%) of Mn, 0.2-1.0(%) of Ni, 8-12(%) of Cr, 0.05-0.35(%) of V, 0.01-0.15(%) of Nb, 0.01-0.1(%) of N, at most 1.5% of Mo, 1-4(%) of W and 0.0005-0.03(%) of B and at least 85(%) of Fe (the percentages being given in terms of weight).

Abstract: Austenitic stainless steel for the production of wire, which can be used in the field of drawing wire down to diameters of less than 0.3 mm and in the field of producing components subjected to fatigue, characterized by the following composition by weight:5.times.10.sup.-3 %.ltoreq.carbon.ltoreq.200.times.10.sup.-3 %5.times.10.sup.-3 %.ltoreq.nitrogen.ltoreq.400.times.10.sup.-3 %0.2%.ltoreq.manganese.ltoreq.10%12%.ltoreq.chromium.ltoreq.23%0.1%.ltoreq.nickel.ltoreq.17%0.1%.ltoreq.silicon.ltoreq.2%,in which the residual elements are controlled so as to obtain inclusions of oxides in the form of a glassy mixture, the proportions by weight of which are as follows:40%.ltoreq.SiO.sub.2 .ltoreq.60%5%.ltoreq.MnO.ltoreq.50%1%.ltoreq.CaO.ltoreq.30%0%.ltoreq.MgO.ltoreq.4%5%.ltoreq.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 .ltoreq.25%0%.ltoreq.Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 .ltoreq.4%0%.ltoreq.TiO.sub.2 .ltoreq.4%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ferritic stainless steel plate improved in the deep drawability and the anti-ridging property at deep drawing work and the production technique thereof. The practical construction of the present invention is a ferritic stainless steel plate containing from 0.001 to 0.015 wt. % C, not more than 1.0 wt. % Si, not more than 1.0 wt. % Mn, not more than 0.05 wt. % P, not more than 0.010 wt. % S, from 8 to 30 wt. % Cr, not more than 0.08 wt. % Al, from 0.005 to 0.015 wt. % N, not more than 0.0080 wt. % O, not more than 0.25 wt. % Ti with Ti/N.gtoreq.12, and from 0.05 to 0.10 wt. % (Nb+V) with V/Nb being from 2 to 5, and, if necessary, further containing one or more kinds selected from not more than 2.0 wt. % Mo, not more than 1.0 wt. % Ni, and not more than 1.0 wt. % Cu together with one or more kinds selected from from 0.0005 to 0.0030 wt. % B, from 0.0007 to 0.0030 wt. % Ca and from 0.0005 to 0.0030 wt. % Mg.

Abstract: A tool for glass molding operations, particularly television tubes, having high oxidation resistance so that ice imperfections on a formed workpiece are eliminated or drastically reduced, said tool having the following approximate composition by weight percent: C 0.23-0.38, Mn 0.40-1.00, P 0.040 max, S 0.030 max, Si 0.00-1.20, Ni 1.0-3.0, Cr 14.0-20.0, Mo 0.25-1.00, V 0.10 max, Cu 0.50-1.50, Al 0.50-1.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for manufacturing ferritic stainless steel strip, in which a strip of a ferritic stainless steel, of the type containing at most 0.12% of carbon, at most 1% of manganese, at most 1% of silicon, at most 0.040% of phosphorus, at most 0.030% of sulfur and between 16 and 18% of chromium, is solidified, directly from liquid metal, between two close-together, internally-cooled, counterrotating rolls with horizontal axes, wherein said strip is then cooled or left to cool so as to avoid making it remain within the austenite to ferrite and carbides transformation range, wherein said strip is coiled at a temperature of between 600.degree. C. and the martensitic transformation temperature Ms, wherein the coiled strip is left to cool at a maximum rate of 300.degree. C./h down to a temperature of between 200.degree. C. and ambient temperature and wherein said strip then undergoes box annealing.

Abstract: A material for a gas turbine disk comprises 0.05 to 0.15 wt % of carbon, 0.10 wt % or less of silicon, 0.40 wt % or less of manganese, 9.0 to 12.0 wt % of chromium, 1.0 to 3.5 wt % of nickel, 0.50 to 0.90 wt % of molybdenum, 1.0 to 2.0 wt % of tungsten, 0.10 to 0.30 wt % of vanadium, 0.01 to 0.10 wt % of niobium, 0.01 to 0.05 wt % of nitrogen, and a remainder comprising iron and unavoidable impurities, wherein the contents of nickel, molybdenum and tungsten satisfy a relationship -1.5 wt %.ltoreq.Mo+W/2-Ni.ltoreq.0.7 wt %. Accordingly, unlike conventional gas turbine disk materials such as a heat resisting steel of 12Cr-type which can be used in an operation at about 400.degree. C., but has reduced toughness and high-temperature creep characteristics in an operation at about 500.degree. C., this material is allowed to have a satisfactory toughness and excellent high-temperature creep characteristics and can be suitably used at high temperatures.

Abstract: This invention relates to high-Cr precision casting materials containing carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, vanadium, niobium, nitrogen, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt and optionally boron in specific weight proportions, the balance being iron and incidental impurities, as well as turbine blades made by a precision casting process using these materials. Thus, the present invention provides high-Cr precision casting materials which are capable of precision casting and, moreover, have excellent high-temperature strength, as well as inexpensive and highly reliable turbine blades made by using these casting materials and such turbine blades also having lighter weight.

Abstract: An austenoferritic stainless steel with high tensile elongation includes iron and the following elements in the indicated weight amounts based on total weight:carbon<0.04%0.4%<silicon<1.2%2%<manganese<4%0.1%<nickel<1%18%<chromium<22%0.05%<copper<4%sulfur<0.03%phosphorus<0.1%0.1%<nitrogen<0.3%molybdenum<3%the steel having a two-phase structure of austenite and ferrite and comprising between 30% and 70% of austenite, whereinCreq=Cr %+Mo %+1.5 Si %Nieq=Ni %+0.33 Cu %+0.5 Mn %+30 C %+30 N %and Creq/Nieq is from 2.3 to 2.75, and whereinIM=551-805(C+N)%--8.52 Si %--8.57 Mn %--12.51 Cr %--36 Ni %--34.5 Cu %--14 Mo %,IM being from 40 to 115.

Abstract: A martensitic heat resisting steel having improved heat resistance, which consists by weight percentage of 0.35%.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.0.60%, 1.0%.ltoreq.Si.ltoreq.2.5%, 0.1%.ltoreq.Mn<1.5%, 7.5%.ltoreq.Cr.ltoreq.13.0%, one or both of 1.0%.ltoreq.Mo.ltoreq.3.0% and 1.0%.ltoreq.W.ltoreq.3.0% so that 1.5%.ltoreq.(Mo+0.5W).ltoreq.3.0%, optionally 0.1%.ltoreq.Nb+Ta.ltoreq.1.0%, 0.1%.ltoreq.V.ltoreq.1.0% and S.ltoreq.0.1%, and the remainder is substantially Fe.

Abstract: An inexpensive rolling apparatus improved in resistance to fretting, acoustic performance, resistance to corrosion, life and workability is provided. At least one of an outer member, an inner member and rolling elements of the apparatus is formed of an alloy steel containing 1.5% by weight or less of C, 10% to 20% by weight of Cr, 0.1% to 0.8% by weight of Mn, 0.1% to 1.0% by weight of Si and less than 0.2% by weight of N, particularly, at least one of the outer member, the inner member and the rolling elements is formed of a martensitic stainless steel containing 0.6% by weight or less of C, 10% to 14% by weight of Cr, 0.1% to 0.8% by weight of Mn, 0.1% to 1.0% by weight of Si, less than 0.2% by weight of N, 0.5% by weight or less of Mo, 0.2% by weight or less of V, and Fe and inevitable components as the balance, wherein the relationship between the content of C and that of Cr satisfies C%.ltoreq.-0.05 Cr%+1.

Abstract: Cold tool steel having superior machinability, wear-resistance and minimized heat treatment size-change were obtained by specifying components and contents thereof, especially of C, Cr, Si, V and Mo, not by high-temperature soaking. Further, such prehardened cold tool steals as having excellent machinability even after heat-treatment together with minimum size-change were manufactured by further strictly specifying components, particularly of C, Si, Mn, Mo, V, and by specifying heat-treatment conditions.

Abstract: Austenitic stainless steel having a very low nickel content, of the following composition by weight:Carbon<0.1%0.1%<silicon<1%5%<manganese<9%0.1%<nickel<2%13%<chromium<19%1%<copper<4%0.1%<nitrogen<0.40%5.times.10.sup.-4 %<boron<50.times.10.sup.-4 %phosphorus<0.05%sulfur<0.01%.

Abstract: Disclosed are a cold working tool steel suitable for plastic cold working tools used under severe service conditions, such as forming dies, forming rolls, and form rolling dies, and a process for producing the same. The cold working tool steel has wear resistance and tensile compression fatigue strength and at the same time can provide improved die life. The cold working tool steel is characterized by comprising by weight 0.65 to 1.3% of carbon, not more than 2.0% of silicon, 0.1 to 2.0% of manganese, 5.0 to 11.0% of chromium, 0.7 to 5.0%, in terms of molybdenum equivalent (molybdenum+tungsten/2), of at least one member selected from molybdenum and tungsten, 0.1 to 2.5%, in terms of vanadium equivalent (vanadium+niobium/2), of at least one member selected from vanadium and niobium, and optionally 0.010 to 0.10% of sulfur with the balance consisting of iron and unavoidable impurities, an M.sub.7 C.sub.3 carbide having a grain diameter of 5 to 15 .mu.m being present in a percentage area of 1 to 9%.

Abstract: This steel is applicable for making seamless tubes with a high mechanical strength, high pitting resistance and a high hot-formability, by means of a process comprising meltdown in an electric-arc furnace, refining in an AOD converter, ascensional ingot casting and Gothic section billet rolling, and then transforming the billet obtained into seamless tubes by upsetting the gothic billet into a round followed by hot piercing in a vertical press, tube extrusion in a horizontal press, reduction in a stretch reduction mill and Pilger cold-rolling, and having a composition of not more than 0.02% C, 0.65 to 0.85% Mn, 0.40 to 0.60% Si, 25.2 to 25.6% Cr, 6.2 to 6.6% Ni, 3.6 to 3.8% Mo, 0.24 to 0.30% N, not more than 0.025% P, not more than 0.002% S, with no Cu and W, and with the addition of a percentage of B ranging between 0.0015 to 0.0030% and a percentage of Ca ranging between 0.0010 to 0.0050%.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant duplex stainless steel having an austenite-ferrite duplex phase matrix, less content of the expensive nickel and higher the resistance to both stress corrosion cracking and pitting in environments containing chloride ion is disclosed. The stainless steel is also scarcely influenced by the aging heat treatment. This stainless steel includes 20-30 wt % chromium, 3-9 wt % nickel, 3-8 wt % molybdenum, 0.20 wt % or less carbon, 0.5-2.0% silicon, 3.5 wt % or less manganese, 0.2-0.5% nitrogen and a balance of iron. The stainless steel may include at least one element selected from the group of 1.5 wt % or less titanium, 3 wt % or less tungsten, 2 wt % or less copper, and 2 wt % or less vanadium and include at least one element selected from the group of 0.001-0.01 wt % boron, 0.001-0.1 wt % magnesium, 0.001-0.1 wt % calcium, and 0.001-0.2 wt % aluminum.

Abstract: A highly pitting resistant duplex stainless steel alloy is provided which compromises in weight percentages: C: 0.10% and below; Si: 1.5% and below; Mn: 2.0% and below; Cr: 25.0% to 27.0%; Ni: 5.0% to 7.5%; Cu: 1.5% to 3.5%; N: 0.15% and below; Mo: 0.5% and below; and the remaining portion being substantially iron and unavoidable impurities. This alloy has greatly improved machinability when treated in the mold after casting by an accelerated heat treatment, as compared to the same alloy composition that is very slowly control cooled in a tightly closed heat treatment furnace.

Abstract: A fully martensitic quenching and tempering steel (AP) essentially consists of (measured in % by weight): 8 to 15% of Cr, up to 15% of Co, up to 4% of Mn, up to 4% of Ni, up to 8% of Mo, up to 6% of W, 0.5 to 1.5% of V, up to 0.15% of Nb, up to 0.04% of Ti, up to 0.4% of Ta, up to 0.02% of Zr, up to 0.02% of Hf, at most 50 ppm of B, up to 0.1% of C and 0.12-0.25% of N, the content of Mn+Ni being less than 4% and the content of Mo+W being less than 8%, the remainder being iron and usual impurities resulting from smelting.

Abstract: A wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant loom part comprises a Fe--Cr based alloy or a Fe--Cr--Ni based alloy, which has a substantially dual-phase structure comprising a ferrite phase and a martensite phase. The Fe--Cr based alloy preferably contains 10 to 20% by weight Cr, and contains 5 to 70 volume % of the ferrite phase in its structure. The Fe--Cr--Ni based alloy preferably contains 10 to 30% by weight of Cr, 0.01 to 15% by weight of Ni, and 5 to 70 volume % of the ferrite phase in its structure. The maximum crystal particle diameter of the Fe--Cr based alloy or the Fe--Cr--Ni based alloy is preferably 20 .mu.m or less. The loom part is preferably formed of either a dent of a reed or a heddle.

Abstract: A brake disc capable of being used in an as quenched state, excellent in rusting resistance, toughness and resistance to softening resulting from heat generation caused by braking, and preferably useful as a brake disc for a two-wheeled vehicle, which is produced from a martensitic stainless steel comprising 0.02 to 0.10% of C, up to 0.03% of N, up to 0.05% of Si, 0.5 to 1.5% of Mn, up to 0.5% of Ni, 10 to 15% of Cr, 0.5 to 2.5% of Cu, up to 0.1% of Al and the balance substantially Fe and unavoidable impurities provided that the amount of C+N is from 0.05 to 0.1% and .gamma.p is at least 90, and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: A heat resisting alloy for use in exhaust valves low in price and excellent in the cold workability and possible to be formed into valve shapes through the cold or warm working, which consists by weight percentage of C: 0.01.about.0.1%, Si.ltoreq.2%, Mn.ltoreq.2%, Cr: 12.about.25%, Nb+Ta: 0.2.about.2.0%, Ti.ltoreq.3.5%, Al: 0.5.about.3.0%, Ni: 25.about.45%, Cu: 0.1.about.5.0%, optionally at least one element selected from W.ltoreq.3%, Mo.ltoreq.3%, and V.ltoreq.1% with (1/2W+Mo+V).ltoreq.3%, Co.ltoreq.5% with Ni+Co: 25.about.45%, Ca+Mg: 0.001.about.0.01%, one or both of B.ltoreq.0.01% and Zr: 0.001.about.0.1%, and the balance of Fe and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A hot-rolled stainless steel strip contains at least 10 wt % Cr and 1.0 wt % or less of Si, and has a controlled scale thickness of not more than 2.5 .mu.m in the surface layer. The average thickness of the Si-containing oxide layer formed in the scale/alloy substitute interface is 0.1 .mu.m or less. The hot-rolled stainless steel strip is produced by hot rolling at an elongation rate of at least 150 or hot rough rolling to form a sheet bar, descaling by spraying superhigh pressure water to the surface of the sheet bar at an impact pressure (p) of 25 kgf/cm.sup.2 or more and a flow rate density of 0.002 l/cm.sup.2 or more, and then finish rolling so that the maximum reduction ratio per pass satisfies certain disclosed criteria.

Abstract: A supermartensitic stainless steel having high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance showing the following percentage composition C.ltoreq.0.05; Cr 12-15; Ni 4-7; Mo 1.5-2; N 0.06-0.12; Mn 0.5-1; Cu<0.3; P<0.02; S.ltoreq.0.005; Al<0.02; Si.ltoreq.1; the rest being iron and minor impurities, with the further requirement that the percentages of Cr, Mo and N satisfy the following formula: (Cr+3.3 Mo+16 N).gtoreq.19. Said steel allows to obtain manufactured articles having excellent mechanical strength and corrosion resistance characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention discloses ferritic heat resisting steels for manufacturing a rotor or a disk of a gas turbine, which have high creep rupture strength at high temperatures and excellent tenacity at room ordinary temperatures. The highly tenacious ferritic heat resisting steels contain, by weight, carbon of 0.08 to 0.25%, silicon of 0.5% or lower, manganese of 1.0% or lower, nickel exceeding 1.0% and lower than 3.0%, chromium of 9.0 to 12.5%, molybdenum exceeding 0.3% and lower than 1.5%, tungsten of 1.0 to 3.0%, vanadium of 0.10 to 0.35%, niobium of 0.02 to 0.10%, nitrogen of 0.01 to 0.80%, boron of 0.001 to 0.01% and cobalt of 1.0 to 5.0%, and a remaining part is mostly iron. Its structure is composed of a tempered martensite matrix.

Abstract: Disclosed is a piston ring material excellent in workability, which consists essentially of, by weight, 0.4 to 1.0% of C, 5.0 to 25.0% of Cr, at least one of not more than 0.25% Si and not more than 0.30% Mn, and balance of Fe and impurities. The material may optionally contain one or more elements of Mo, W, V and Nb in place of a part of Fe.

Abstract: The present invention provides an Fe-based alloy foil for liquid phase diffusion bonding of Fe-based material by enabling bonding in oxidizing atmospheres at relatively high bonding temperatures to minimize thermal influence on the base material (the material to be bonded) and, thereby, ensures production of a bonded joint having a uniform microstructure and a good bonded joint strength and enables reduction in the bonding time. The Fe-based alloy foil contains, as essential elements, one of 1.0 to 20.0% P and 1.0 to 20.0% B, 1.0 to 20.0% Si, and 0.1 to 20.0% V, in terms of atomic percentage, the balance substantially of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and has a thickness of 3.0 to 100 .mu.m. Alternatively, the Fe-based alloy foil contains, as essential elements, 1.0 to 20.0% P, 1.0 to 20.0% Si, and 0.1 to 20.0% V, and 1.0 to 20.0% B, in terms of atomic percentage, the balance substantially of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and has a thickness of 3.0 to 200 .mu.m.

Abstract: A heat resisting steel whose metal structure is entirely martensite phase produced by tempering after quenching. The steel comprises, by weight, 0.05 to 0.20% C, not more than 0.15% Si, not more than 1.5% Mn, not more than 1.0% Ni, 8.5 to 13.0% Cr, not more than 3.50% Mo, not more than 3.5% W, 0.05 to 0.30% V, 0.01 to 0.20% Nb, not more than 5.0% Co, 0.001 to 0.020% boron, 0.005 to 0.040% nitrogen, 0.0005 to 0.0050% oxygen and 0.00001 to 0.0002% hydrogen. The steel has preferably not more than 10 of the Cr equivalent. The steel has 10 kgf/mm.sup.2 or more of 100,000 hours creep rupture strength at 650.degree. C.

Abstract: Precipitation hardening (PH) stainless steels heat treatable to yield strength levels in the range of 200 ksi with exceptionally high fracture toughness are achieved in alloys consisting essentially of 12.25-13.25% chromium, 7.5-8.5% nickel, 2.0-2.5% molybdenum, 0.8-1.35% aluminum, not over 0.05% carbon, not over 0.10% silicon, not over 0.10% manganese, not over 0.010% phosphorus and with especially critical amounts of not over 0.0020% (20 ppm) nitrogen, not over 0.0020% (20 ppm) sulfur, not over 0.0026% (26 ppm) nitrogen plus sulfur; not over 0.04% titanium, and remainder essentially Fe.