Abstract: An industrial process fabrics having embossed surfaces to facilitate water removal from the product such as paper and paper products being carried thereon by creating voids through embossing to assist in fluid management.

Abstract: A method of making a press felt, a press felt and a base fabric. The base fabric comprises a surface component on the surface facing the paper web to be dried and a base component below the surface component. The transverse jointing edges of the base component are provided with seam loops, by means of which the base component can be connected into a closed loop. At the first jointing edge of the base fabric the surface component extends for a predetermined distance longer than the base component and forms a seam flap that protects the seam area of the base component.

Abstract: A paper machine for stable high-speed papermaking without slackness of wet web, the paper machine including the most downstream press unit along the transfer path of the wet web in the press part, and the most upstream dryer unit and the second upstream dryer unit along the transfer path of the wet web in the dryer part are associated with three different belt mechanisms, respectively, so that the driving units of the three driving units associated with the most downstream press unit and the first and second upstream dryer units are individually controlled so that a transfer speed of the wet web along each of the most downstream press unit and the first and second upstream dryer units is individually set.

Abstract: A belt for a papermaking machine has minute projections and recesses randomly formed in a shoe-contacting surface of the belt by a powdery material contained in a high molecular weight elastic section formed on a base body. The surface roughness RZ of the shoe-contacting surface is between 50 and 500 microns; the particle diameter of the powdery material is between 5 and 500 microns; and the content of the powdery material in the high molecular weight elastic section is between 5 and 50 percent by weight. A lubricant is held in the minute projections and recesses, and consequently more lubricant may be supplied between the belt and the shoe with which it cooperates. As a result, friction between the belt and the shoe is reduced, and less energy is required to drive the papermaking machine.

Abstract: A press fabric for the press section of a paper machine has a base fabric which includes a nonwoven mesh fabric. The base fabric, or a layer thereof, is assembled in integral form using a strip or strips of the nonwoven mesh fabric. The assembly may be effected by spirally winding the nonwoven mesh fabric in a plurality of non-overlapping turns, by abutting each turn of the nonwoven mesh fabric against that previously wound, and by joining each turn of the nonwoven mesh fabric to that previously wound to form an endless loop. Alternatively, a plurality of endless loops of equivalent length are formed from separate strips of nonwoven mesh fabric, and arranged in a side-by-side abutting relationship. The endless loops are then joined, one to the next, to provide a base fabric, or component thereof, in the form of an endless loop.

Abstract: The invention relates to a paper machine clothing in the form of a fabric with a web pattern which recurs regularly over the surface and has indentations (20) that are formed by the thread overlays (21), the latter having been surface ground. Said thread overlays cover three consecutive warp or weft threads crosswise thereto. A paper machine clothing of this type can be used especially in “through air drying” techniques to produce an especially voluminous tissue paper.

Abstract: A papermaking belt capable of preventing a crack from progressing into the belt and improved in durability is provided, while a reinforcing substrate (6) is embedded in an elastic material in this papermaking belt, and the said elastic material includes a surface layer (7), a back layer (8) and an intermediate layer (9) located between the said surface layer (7) and the said back layer (8) and has a thick part (12) having a thickness in the belt thickness direction along the belt traveling direction in the said intermediate layer (9). The said thick part (12) can also be exposed on the belt surface through the said surface layer 7, the said thick part (12) is preferably made of a low-hardness elastic material and the said surface layer (7) is preferably made of a high-hardness elastic material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a paper making wire cloth, especially for the sheet forming zone, comprising a paper side (12) and a backing side (14). Said wire cloth is formed out of at least one type of transverse threads (16, 18) which are interwoven with at least one type of longitudinal threads (20), said threads together forming repeats (A-H) and at least two different types of intersection (22, 24). The longitudinal threads (20) are alternated within the respective repeat (A-H) on the backing side (14), forming the other type of intersection (24); and the transverse threads (18) on the backing side (14) are held on their outer side (26) which faces the paper side (12), by at least two longitudinal threads (20) within said repeat (A-H) on the backing side (14). Maximum fibre support is thereby achieved on the paper side accompanied by little marking of the upper side as the points of alternation or intersections are evenly distributed.

Abstract: Hardened wear-resistant members are secured to an underlying body member in a manner to accommodate differing coefficients of thermal expansion. In one form a connector comprising shear compliant material is secured at one of its faces to the body member and a hardened wear-resistant member is secured to the opposite face of the connector. In another embodiment, the body member has adjacent portions resiliently connected to each other and the engaging member is secured at spaced locations to the two resiliently joined portions such that different thermal expansion of the two parts will be accommodated.

Abstract: A twin-wire former in a paper machine has two forming wire loops (10, 20), which define between themselves a twin-wire zone. At least one dewatering box (30) is located inside one of the wire loops (10, 20) to remove water through the wire from a web (W) being formed. At least one loading blade (40) is located opposite the dewatering box (30) inside the other wire loop (20; 10) in contact with the other wire. The dewatering box (30) includes at least three successive dewatering zones (30a, 30b) in which every second zone (30a) has a vacuum (p) and every second zone (30b) is vacuum-free. The at least one loading blade (40) is placed inside one of the wire loops (20; 10) at a location where it is opposed by a respective vacuum-free zone (30b), which is preceded and followed by a vacuum zone (30a).

Abstract: The invention relates to a paper machine clothing in the form of a fabric with a web pattern which recurs regularly over the surface and has indentations (20) that are formed by the thread overlays (21), the latter having been surface ground. The thread overlays cover three consecutive warp or weft threads crosswise thereto. A paper machine clothing of this type can be used especially in “through air drying” techniques to produce an especially voluminous tissue paper.

Abstract: A relatively low-cost calendering belt having excellent heat resistance and durability comprises a central portion 30, and left and right side portions 20 located at the sides of the central portion. The right and left portions 20 comprise high molecular weight elastic material having greater heat resistance than that of the central portion 30. The central portion 30 is composed of high-molecular elastic material, the durability of which is higher than that of the right and left portions 20. The heat of the calender roll CR is intercepted by a paper W, and consequently is not transmitted to the central portion 30 of the calender belt. The right and left portions 20 of the calender belt, which are not protected by paper W do not deteriorate readily as a result of the heat of the calender roll CR because of their heat resisting property.

Abstract: A method of making a press felt, and a press felt. The press felt comprises a continuous base fabric in the lateral direction, and at least one batt fibre layer. The closed-loop base fabric is made of longitudinal and transverse yarns. The properties of the press felt, such as permeance, are arranged to be different in edge portions of the press felt from the midportion of the felt.

Abstract: An on-machine-seamable laminated multiaxial press fabric has a first base fabric and a second base fabric laminated to one another by needled staple fiber batt material. The first base fabric is a multiaxial fabric produced by spirally winding a fabric strip, flattening the endless loop produced by the spiral winding, and removing crosswise yams at the ends of the flattened endless loop to form seaming loops. The second base fabric is an on-machine-seamable base fabric, which may also be mutiaxial. The press fabric is joined into endless form by interdigitating the seaming loops at the two ends of both base fabrics with one another to form a single passage through which a pintle is passed to join the press fabric into endless form.

Abstract: A corrugator belt for a corrugator machine has a base joined into endless from by means of a clipper seam. The base has a first end and a second end, and a first side and a second side. A strip of compressible material wraps around each of the first and second ends from the first side to the second side, and the clipper hooks for the clipper seam are installed over the strips at each end. The compressible material of the strips protrudes between adjacent clipper hooks to prevent corrugated paper board being manufactured using the corrugator belt from firmly contacting the clipper hooks and being marked and otherwise damaged by them.

Abstract: A papermaking belt for use in making paper. The papermaking belt may be used in conjunction with a single-wire draw or twin-wire draw of a papermaking machine. The papermaking belt includes a woven reinforcing element and a patterned framework. The framework defines either or both faces of the papermaking belt. The pattern of the framework is independent of the weave of the reinforcing element.

Abstract: A melt-extruded multicomponent monofilament having good abrasion resistance, flex-fatigue toughness and dimensional stability. The monofilament is particularly suitable for use in the manufacture of papermaking machine forming fabrics, and includes an outer region component comprising polyethylene terephthalate and an inner region component comprising a blend of polyetherester block copolymer and polyethylene terephthalate.

Abstract: An apparatus for calendering a sheet material web being carried on or between one or more carrier fabrics. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes a calender section having first and second calender rolls forming a nip therebetween. At least one carrier fabric is disposed between the first and second calender rolls. The first and second calender rolls apply a load to the carrier fabric and sheet material web as they pass through the nip between the calender rolls so as to reduce the caliper, or thickness, of the sheet material web. A method for calendering the sheet material web includes carrying the sheet material web on one or more carrier fabrics through the calender nip formed by the first and second calender rolls and applying a load to the carrier fabric, and sheet material carried thereby, so as to reduce the thickness of the sheet material web.

Abstract: In a deflection member comprising a framework having a web-side, a backside defining an X-Y plane, and a Z-direction perpendicular to the X-Y plane, the framework comprises a multi-layer structure formed by at least two layers joined together in a face-to-face relationship. Each of the layers has a deflection conduit portion extending in the Z-direction. The deflection conduit portion of at least one layer is fluid-permeable and positioned such that portions of that layer comprise a plurality of suspended portions elevated in the Z-direction from the X-Y plane to form void spaces between the X-Y plane and the suspended portions. The deflection member can comprise a reinforcing element positioned between the web-side and at least a portion of the backside of the framework. Each of the layers can comprise a substantially continuous network, a semi-continuous network, or a plurality of discrete protuberances.

Abstract: A deflection member comprising a patterned framework having a web-side and a backside opposite to the web-side and forming an X-Y plane. The framework comprises a plurality of bases extending from the X-Y plane in a Z-direction perpendicular to the X-Y plane, and a plurality of suspended portions laterally extending from the plurality of bases to form void spaces between the X-Y plane and the suspended portions. The deflection member can comprise a reinforcing element joined to the plurality of bases and positioned between the web-side and at least a portion of the backside of the framework. A process for making the deflection member comprises curing a coating of a liquid photosensitive resin supported by a forming surface through a mask having a pattern of transparent and opaque regions. The opaque regions comprise regions having first opacity and regions having second opacity less than the first opacity.

Abstract: A bi-component link for making a modular papermaking fabric has a link base component capable of interconnecting to at least one other link and a surface plate component attached to the link base forming a paper support surface. Each component is made through molding techniques to have predetermined characteristics such as open area, permeability, surface finish, etc. The surface plate component is attached to the link base component for combined effect on fabric characteristics. A papermaking fabric is constructed from a plurality of interconnected bi-component links and has predetermined permeability established by the combination of a pattern of open and contact areas on each component of each link.

Abstract: A papermaker's fabric, designed for use as a base fabric for a TAD belt, but also usable on the forming, press and dryer sections of a paper machine, has a plurality of warp yarns interwoven with a plurality of weft yarns. The warp yarns are of two types. Those of the first type weave with the weft yarns in a plain weave, while those of the second type weave with the weft yarns in a 2×2 twill weave. The warp yarns of the first type alternate with those of the second type, which undulate between adjacent yarns of the first type to give the fabric a desired openness.

Abstract: A link for making a modular papermaking fabric by interconnecting with other links is made through molding techniques to have predetermined characteristics such as open area, permeability, surface finish, etc. A papermaking fabric is constructed from a plurality of interconnected links and has predetermined permeability established by the combination of open and contact areas on each link.

Abstract: A paper machine fabric comprising two separate layers which are made of a yarn system made up of warp and weft yarns forming the paper side and a yarn system made up of warp and weft yarns forming the machine side. The yarn system forming the paper side is arranged to comprise two warp systems and two weft systems. The warp system made up of top warps of the layer forming the paper side is interconnected with the warp system of the structure forming the machine side by means of binder yarns by arranging the binder yarns at the paper-side binding point to press the top warps inside the fabric in such a manner that the binder yarns are at the binding point under the surface of the fabric.

Abstract: The invention relates to a paper machine wire for the wet end section of a paper machine, comprising a textile or non-texile fabric, especially a woven fabric, the one side of which is directed to the paper and the other, opposite side of which is directed to the paper machine, the one side of the fabric directed to the paper being at least partly covered by a fiber layer. The fiber layer is permanently compressed in some regions less intensively than in other regions.

Abstract: A press roll belt is arranged to be used in connection with a roll (10) forming a press nip. The belt (12) of the press roll (10) is provided with a groove pattern formed of intersecting grooves (11A, 11B). A press concept has at least one press nip formed between two rolls (30, 32) to remove water from a web. At least one press nip (NA) of the press concept is formed such that the cover (22) or the belt (12) of at least one roll (30A, 32A) forming the press nip is provided with groove patterning formed of intersecting grooves (11A, 11B; 21A, 21B).

Abstract: A twin-wire former in a paper machine has two forming wire loops (10, 20), which define between themselves a twin-wire zone. At least one dewatering box (30) is located inside one of the wire loops (10, 20) to remove water through the wire from a web (W) being formed. At least one loading blade (40) is located opposite the dewatering box (30) inside the other wire loop (20; 10) in contact with the other wire. The dewatering box (30) includes at least three successive dewatering zones (30a, 30b) in which every second zone (30a) has a vacuum (p) and every second zone (30b) is vacuum-free. The at least one loading blade (40) is placed inside one of the wire loops (20; 10) at a location where it is opposed by a respective vacuum-free zone (30b), which is preceded and followed by a vacuum zone (30a).

Abstract: A twin wire former in a machine for the production of a fibrous material web, specifically a paper or cardboard web, includes two rotating continuous wires which meet in the area of a simultaneously rotating dewatering element, thereby forming a stock inlet gap; and a headbox over which the fiber stock suspension is fed into the stock inlet gap.

Abstract: A yarn is produced which consists substantially of twisting filaments which are wrapped sequentially upon each other helically upon the yarn in layers, wherein the helically wound filaments preferably are wound right to left and then left to right alternatively to balance the yarn, wherein optionally a glue is applied to one of the filaments to maximize the performance of the yarn in producing paper.

Abstract: A paper machine fabric comprising two separate layers which are made of a yarn system made up of warp and weft yarns forming the paper side and a yarn system made up of warp and weft yarns forming the machine side. The yarn system forming the paper side is arranged to comprise two warp systems and two weft systems. The warp system made up of top warps of the layer forming the paper side is interconnected with the warp system of the structure forming the machine side by means of binder yarns by arranging the binder yarns at the paper-side binding point to press the top warps inside the fabric in such a manner that the binder yarns are at the binding point under the surface of the fabric.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of and a device for the manufacture of dimensionally stable, liquid-impermeable, flexible, elastic pressbands, particularly for use with broad-nip shoepresses of paper making machines. The method comprising pouring a flowable mixture of a prepolymer onto a substrate moved by a distance maintaining device over a cylindrical mandrel and maintained during this movement in an adjustable distance from the surface of said mandrel, and being coated during this movement by a coating device with a flowable prepolymer, wherein during this coating of the substrate threads or wires are laid down onto the substrate in the direction of rotation of the mandrel and are coated with the polymer substance.

Abstract: Auto-joinable triple layer papermaker's forming fabrics which exhibit relatively low caliper values, good mechanical stability, and relatively high permeability. In one embodiment of the present invention, triple layer papermaker's forming fabrics having both top and bottom sets of machine direction and cross machine direction yarns are provided in which each yarn in the set of bottom machine directions yarns alternatively pairs with the two yarns in the set of bottom machine direction yarns that are woven immediately adjacent to it.

Abstract: An improved pulp-forming mold-releasing machine having a turnaround table being reciprocatingly rotatable at a prearranged position within the machine body. A net mold (pulp-sucking mold) includes protruding forming members on the surface thereof while the turnaround table of the machine frame body can be fitted with a lower mold (male mold) having a heating pipe therein on the other surface thereof. A reciprocating slide frame is disposed on the top of the machine frame body and includes an upper mold driving device with an air-oil-pressure diversion cylinder adapted to drive the upper mold (female mold) with a heating pipe to lift. An elevating pulp material container is disposed under the net mold of the machine frame body. The forming members of the net mold turn over to an upward direction after sucking pulp fiber.

Abstract: A paper machine for manufacturing a structured soft paper web are described, which machine has a wet section, a press section, a drying section and a web-carrying clothing running around a suction device close to a smooth impermeable belt in the press section for the creation of a transfer point. In accordance with the invention, structuring means for structuring the web are arranged between the press section and the drying section.

Abstract: A forming belt and/or a transfer belt which are belts for a forming part of an apparatus for manufacturing a construction material, prevent stains caused by entry of raw material particles and has excellent rigidity and cleanability.

Abstract: A method in a paper machine for transferring a paper web from a wet wire in a former section to a pick-up fabric or an equivalent transfer fabric of a press section, including the steps of forming a pick-up point on the wet wire and separating an edge strip from at least one edge of the web prior to the pick-up point by means of at least one cutting device. The method further includes separating the web from the wet wire and passing the web onto the pick-up fabric at the pick-up point. The method also includes applying a pressure difference to the at least one edge strip through the wet wire or the pick-up fabric at or after the pick-up point to cause the at least one edge strip to either follow the wet wire or become separated from the pick-up fabric after the pick-up point and to be placed in a broke system arranged beneath the paper machine.

Abstract: The invention concerns a loading device for the dewatering a web-forming wire, which supports and/or loads the wire of a paper machine and scrapes water from the wire surface. The loading device is loaded by a pressure medium and includes a movable loading member and a fixed base member. The loading member includes a longitudinal groove which extends the length of the loading member and the base member includes a slide rail adapted to be received in the longitudinal groove for supporting the loading member. In order to eliminate jamming phenomenon of the loading member, the loading member is supported evenly in its position in a cross machine direction and it is adapted to move towards the wire and away from the wire with aid of rollers arranged between the slide rail and the internal walls of the loading member which define the longitudinal groove.

Abstract: A press station for a forming machine for forming articles from paper has a chamber consisting of two halves. The two halves of the chamber are able to be closed together and the chamber can be evacuated through a main vacuum manifold in order to bring the upper die mounted on a first platen into pressing contact with a fragile moulding positioned on a second platen in order to form the required article.

Abstract: A papermaking belt and paper made thereon. The papermaking belt comprises a patterned framework and a reinforcing element. The papermaking belt may be used as a through air drying belt, a forming wire, a backing wire, a conventional press felt, etc. The papermaking belt has a reinforcing element and a framework extending from the reinforcing element. Intermediate various portions of the framework are deflection conduits. The framework is interrupted and subdivided by synclines. The framework, synclines and deflection conduits respectively impart first, second and third values of intensive properties to regions of the paper made on these portions of the belt. The value of the intensive property of the regions of the paper corresponding to the synclines is intermediate the value of the regions of the paper corresponding to the framework and deflection conduits.

Abstract: A machine is provided for producing a continuous material web. In particular, a paper web or a cardboard web can be produced by the machine. The machine has a number of rolls, around which the material web is guided by the use of at least one belt. The belt has at least two zones. The zones have different properties with at least one of the zones being designed to transmit a drive force to the rolls of the machine.

Abstract: A papermaking belt including two primary elements: a reinforcing structure and pattern layer. The reinforcing structure includes a web facing first surface of interwoven first machine direction yarns and cross-machine direction yarns, the first surface having an FSI of at least about 68. The reinforcing structure has a machine facing second surface which includes second machine direction yarns binding only with the cross-machine direction yarns in a N-shed pattern, where N is greater than four, wherein the second machine direction yarns bind only one of the cross-machine direction yarns per repeat. The pattern layer extends outwardly from the first surface, wherein the pattern layer provides a web contacting surface facing outwardly from the first surface, the pattern layer extending at least partially to the second surface.

Abstract: A woven papermakers fabric having a first system of yarns interwoven with a second system of yarns. The second system of yarns having a repeat which defines three successive knuckles on the paper carrying side of the fabric while maintaining vertical alignment of the first system yarns in the respective first and second layers of the first system by defining a single knuckle on the machine side of the fabric in each repeat. Preferably, the first system yarns are cross machine direction (CMD) yarns which repeat with respect to eight pairs of stacked machine direction (MD) yarns.

Abstract: A membrane felt for a tissue making process using a Yankee or MG cylinder the membrane felt comprising a polymeric matrix membrane layer (11) and a supporting base structure (12). The polymeric matrix optionally at least partially encapsulates parallel yarns extending it at least one direction. The supporting base structure is a textile substrate. These are secured together, preferably via a batt fibre layer which may be needled between the supporting base structure and membrane layer.

Abstract: A paper-making machine includes a wet end associated with a wet fiber web, a headbox having an outlet gap, and a forming fabric positioned adjacent to the outlet gap and moving in a direction of web travel. An air/water separator is positioned in association with the forming fabric and downstream from the headbox relative to the direction of web travel. The air/water separator is configured for receiving liquid from the fiber web. A blower having a housing and an impeller is fluidly connected with the air/water separator. The impeller is rotatably carried by and within the housing and has a rotating hub with a periphery. The impeller also has a plurality of vanes attached to and extending from the hub and substantially equally spaced around the periphery. The vanes are formed of a non-metallic, composite material and have a coating of a layer of hydrophobic material substantially covering the composite material.

Abstract: A papermaking belt comprised of a resinous polymer with improved elongation. The papermaking belt of this invention is comprised of a reinforcing element and a resinous polymer wherein the resinous polymer exhibits improved elongation both at room temperature and elevated temperatures while maintaining creep resistance and without any undue loss of tensile strength. In addition to papermaking belts, the resinous polymer of this invention may also be used for other applications.

Abstract: A papermaking forming belt and a method of making the same, as well a cellulosic web and the process of making the web are disclosed. The belt comprises an air-permeable reinforcing structure and a resinous framework. The reinforcing structure has a web-facing side defining an X-Y plane, a machine-facing side opposite the web-facing side, and a Z-direction perpendicular to the X-Y plane. The resinous framework is comprised of a plurality of discrete protuberances extending from the reinforcing structure, each of the protuberances having an axis, a top surface, a base surface opposite the top surface, and walls. The axes of at least some of the protuberances and the Z-direction form an acute angles therebetween.

Abstract: The invention comprises an apparatus for use in making a web of papermaking fibers. The apparatus comprising: a dewatering felt layer having a first web facing felt surface at a first elevation and a second oppositely facing felt surface, and a web patterning layer comprising a photosensitive resin. The patterning layer penetrates the first felt surface, and extends from the first felt surface to form a web contacting top surface at a second elevation different from the first elevation. The invention also comprises a method of forming a web support apparatus having a felt layer and a web patterning layer.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved 7,3-broken twill, TAD fabric for use in the formation of a paper web. The present invention is also a process of using this fabric to produce a paper product having high bulk and absorbency. Finally, the present invention is the paper product produced in a TAD process using this fabric.

Abstract: A paper-making machine for forming a paper web from a fiber suspension includes rotatable rolls, an endless forming fabric, and a headbox configured to receive and discharge the fiber suspension. The endless forming fabric is carried by the rolls and is configured to directly carry the fiber suspension discharged by the headbox. The forming fabric includes a monolithic plastic sheet with water drainage holes therein. The sheet has an embossed outer surface with generally rounded projections and generally rounded depressions. Each of the projections has a height of at least 125 microns. The embossed outer surface is configured for contacting the fiber suspension. The embossed outer surface of the sheet is formed using a calender having at least one embossing roll.

Abstract: A papermaking fabric with increased stability is provided, due to the use of beam construction yarns which resist lateral, vertical and torsional deflection as well as compression when interwoven. The yarns are generally non-circular in cross-section and are preferably I-beam, H-beam, box-beam or a hybrid construction. Each type has certain advantages, with the hybrid construction being capable of multiple combined advantages.