Abstract: A filter apparatus includes a mesh filter consisting of a flexible sheet having a smooth surface and a multiplicity of through-holes and formed into a cylindrical configuration. The leading edge of a scraper is brought into abutting contact with the outer surface of the cylindrically formed mesh filter, or two scrapers can be provided on the inner and outer surfaces of the mesh filter with their leading edges abutted against these surfaces. Provided within the mesh filter is a support shaft serving also as a discharge pipe. The discharge pipe discharges clean oil filtered by the mesh filter, and the support shaft rotatably supports the mesh filter. The cylindrical mesh filter is disposed in a tank for accommodating cutting oil or abrasive oil containing solid foreign matter such as cutting chips or abrasive grains. The mesh filter is rotated on the discharge pipe/support shaft by a drive mechanism.

Abstract: A cycle of filtration is realized for liquids containing solids in suspension and a rotary filter, suited to realize and cycle, where the filtration is carried out by a rotary drum fitted with a filtering surface (2), immersed in a tank containing the liquid to be filtered (26). The phase of the separation of the filtered material deposited on the filtering surface is preceeded by a phase of removal of the material from the filtering surface carried out by using air blown from a slit and it is followed by a phase of washing of the filtering surface, carried out by a plurality of sprayers.

Abstract: A liquid filter and method is disclosed comprised of a housing defining a filter chamber, with a filter belt advanced into the filter chamber and receiving liquid flow to filter the liquid. Different sections of the filter belt are alternately positioned in the filter chamber by a pair of drive-take up rollers each positioned on one side of an entrance opening to the filter chamber, which are driven in opposite directions after alternate cycles. Each section of the filter belt is scraped when exiting and subsequently cleaned with washing sprays as the particular section is advanced back into the filter chamber. The filter belt is detachably attached at either end to a respective roller by a sewn in flexible element received an undercut groove in the roller surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for dehydrating sludge originating from water purification stations, comprising a draining grid part positioned above a pressing-belt filter part, and a device for washing the grid wherein the device is positioned above the grid, so as to limit the drop height of the flocculated sludge between the grid and the belt, thus avoiding deflocculation of the sludge between the thickening stage and the dehydration stage, the washing of the grid being performed concurrently with the movement of the sludge on the grid.

Abstract: An improved fluid-strainer is provided which makes provision for improved methods of converting the same between motorized and manual modes. Included in the fluid strainer is a gear motor housing for facilitating the conversion as well as inspection and removal means. Also provision is made for flushing of the fluid strainer so as to avoid cycle restart.

Abstract: A self-cleaning strainer comprises a vertically disposed housing which contains a rotatable strainer basket. The housing has an open top, closed by a closure plate, an inlet adjacent the top of the housing and an outlet adjacent a closed bottom of the housing, the closed bottom having a flush discharge opening. The components used to rotate the strainer basket are disposed outside the flow of any water containing particulates that enters the housing. Cleaning devices such as a scraper blade supported in the strainer basket, a rotatable brush supported in the strainer basket, and a water jet manifold disposed between the housing sidewall and the sidewall of the strainer basket are used to clean the rotatable strainer basket.

Abstract: Liquid is contained in a source container and oil is removed from the source container and deposited into a destination container. The apparatus includes a housing having a base, at least one wall upstanding from, and encompassing the periphery of, the base, and a top cover. A two-sided piece of material made of rubber, nylon, vinyl, or other oil gathering capable material forms an endless belt or ribbon. At least one scraper device mounted within the housing facilitates removal of oil from the material. A bi-directional pulley system including a disk rotatably mounted to the housing, adapted for engaging the material, and an electric motor adapted for engaging and rotating the disk, circulate the material from the surface of the liquid through the scraper device and back to the liquid surface. A sump situated within the base of the housing is disposed to collect oil removed from the material, and a conduit from the sump to the destination container conveys oil from the sump to the destination container.

Abstract: A filter apparatus (10) for filtering machine tool coolant is disclosed as including a filter assembly (12) including a foraminous non-reticulated metal screen (30) having minute openings and a smooth planar surface for providing improved scrape cleanability and preventing movement of machining chips, particulate and also elongate contaminants from one side of the filter (12) to the other side thereof.

Abstract: In the inventive method and apparatus for the continuous discharge of water and fine particles from a suspension, particularly fibrous pulp, the pulp or suspension is thickened without forcing the removal of water through a relatively thick, uncontrollably gathered fiber mat. In the method, the suspension to be thickened is fed into a filtering chamber, the suspension is continuously mixed for equalizing consistency differences, the liquid is continuously removed from the suspension through a filter and the thickness of a fiber mat which forms on the filter surface is controlled by subjecting the mat to shear stresses. In a thickening apparatus for practicing this method, at least one of co-operating surfaces--i.e. the filtering surface (8) and its counter-surface (10)--is provided with loosening members (12) for non-mechanically limiting the thickness of a fiber mat forming on the filtering surface and thereby preventing the uncontrolled formation of such a mat on the filtering surface (8).

Abstract: Disclosed is a filter press comprising a substantially cylindrical vessel, a plurality of filter elements disposed in the vessel parallel to one another, and a rotor having a rotor shaft rotatably mounted in the vessel and a plurality of rotor elements fixedly connected to the rotor shaft and extending each between two adjacent filter elements, the surface of the rotor elements being adapted to be forced towards the filter elements for mechanically compressing filter cakes accumulated thereon, wherein the axis of the vessel is disposed in an upright position, the filter elements and rotor elements being formed as cylindrical wall members disposed in concentric relationship to one another with the rotor elements extending into the spaces between adjacent filter elements and being secured to a mounting structure connected to the rotor shaft, while the filter elements are supported on a carrier grid in the vessel.

Abstract: A backwash strainer including a body, a strainer element having an inlet side contained in the body, and a space defined between the body and the strainer element. The body includes an inlet to the strainer element and an outlet from the annular space. A nozzle for directing cleaning fluid against the inlet side of the strainer element for dislodging particulate matter from the inlet side of the strainer element mounts to the body. A backwash arm for collecting the cleaning fluid and dislodging particulate matter mounts to the body. The backwash arm is positioned adjacent to and is in close proximity to the inlet side of the strainer element and the nozzle. The backwash arm has an axially extending slot defined by two spaced members having ends positioned adjacent to the nozzle. The backwash arm and the nozzle together may be moveable about a central axis relative to the strainer element.

Abstract: A drum filter for thickening lime sludge in which the lime sludge is thickened on a filter layer (precoat) formed by the lime sludge on the filter periphery. The filter is provided with high pressure liquid nozzles continuously reciprocating in the longitudinal direction of the drum in such a way that, during each rotation of the drum, part of the filtering layer is continuously detached and drops into a vat containing the lime sludge.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for doctoring (cutting) the solids off a precoat filter. A stationary doctor blade continuously doctors mud (from a mud bath) from the surface of a rotating porous surface vacuum drum. A traveling doctor blade, located upstream of the stationary doctor blade, moves back and forth along the drum. The stationary blade extends the width of the rotating vacuum drum while the traveling blade is shorter and is also located nearer to the drum surface.

Abstract: A sludge dewatering system comprising a moving foraminous belt (10) having a horizontal conveying run on which sludge is carried to permit drainage of water therefrom through the belt. In accordance with the invention a row of deflectors (12) are mounted on a pivotal cross beam (13) extending over the belt (10). Each deflector has a leading edge (19) and a pair of diverging and upwardly concave walls (21) whereby sludge proceeding along the conveying run of belt (10) is divided overturned and compressed by the deflectors.

Abstract: An improved stripping device effectively strips filter cake from the belt of a rotary belt filter while avoiding damage to the belt. A cross bar type body extends transversely to the filter belt and scrapers for the belt are fixed to the body and directed towards the belt. The cross bar type body is part of a tilting device which pivots about a transverse shaft arranged parallel to the cross bar type. The body is subjected to force in the form of a weight whose center of gravity is between the transverse shaft and the belt and which acts against the direction of movement of the belt. A acts against the direction of the force.

Abstract: A rotary screening device for separating unwanted solid matter such as sewage, weeds, tar globules and fish from water which is to be used for special purposes such as water cooling or other plant processes. The device comprises a rotating hollow stack of closely spaced coaxially mounted annular discs, each of which is provided with peripheral teeth upon which unwanted solid matter may be caught and carried away to a collection zone and by scraper elements engaging annular tracking surfaces between the teeth on adjacent discs. The tracking surfaces have apertures or slits to permit passage of cleaned water to the interior of the hollow stack to which may be connected stationary ducting means for conveying the cleaned water therefrom.

Abstract: A self-cleaning vacuum filter, particularly for filtering industrial lubricants and coolants, comprises a tank for the liquid to be filtered containing a filter assembly, the bottom of which communicates with a vacuum chamber connected to a suction device for the liquid. The filter assembly includes a screen and an endless loop of regenerable filter cloth movable in steps over the screen and through a station for the removal of the filtered material, the station extending out of the tank and having a removal device for removing the filtered material from the filter cloth. The removal device includes a roller extending transverse of the filter cloth, substantially in contact therewith, and a motor for rotating the roller at high speed.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuously removing from the mother liquor the crystals contained in a suspension of crystals in the mother liquor and for washing the crystals with a washing liquid, comprising a closed cylindrical chamber, feed devices for the suspension of crystals, discharge devices for removing the disintegrated crystal bed, feed devices for washing liquid, filter devices in the form of a flat ring for extracting mother liquor from the suspension supplied, while retaining crystals, transport devices in the form of rotating blades which are fitted in the cylindrical chamber above the filter devices and stator blades above the rotating blades being able to move backwards and forwards over a certain stroke in the axial direction between the filter devices and the stator blades fitted at a distance above the filter devices.

Abstract: A pressurized feed material (30) in aqueous suspension is oxidized in a supercritical temperature reaction zone (20) in an upper region of a vertically elongated, cyclindrical walled, closed pressure vessel (10) to form an oxidized super fluid phase (46) which is removed from the upper region of the vessel and a brine (44) containing precipitates and other solids which are collected in and removed from a subcritical temperature zone (16) in the lower region of the vessel. The wall (12) of the cylindrical pressure vessel (10) is scraped by rotatable scraper means (60) which upon rotation will dislodge precipitated solids from the wall (12).

Abstract: A strainer assembly for separating solid particles, such as food particles, from drain water includes a straining apparatus made up of discrete portions which travel on an endless path with the path having platform and dumping segments. Incoming drain water impacts the discrete portions of the straining apparatus in the platform segment so that the solid particles are held on the discrete portions while water passes to the drain and the solid particles travel with the discrete portions to the dumping segment, where they are dumped to a collection facility.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method and apparatus for recovering sticky tar or oil from a fluid medium, such as water or sand. The tar is first separated from the fluid medium, e.g. by an open mesh conveyor, and the separated tar is subjected to intense heating, e.g. from live flame tubes or heat exchangers using very high temperature circulating medium. This heating liquefies the tar rapidly, and the liquid tar is directed into a suitable collection tank, which may itself be provided with a heater to maintain the tar in its liquid state.

Abstract: Apparatus for dewatering sludge comprising a moving foraminous conveyor belt (10) driven in a single direction with a horizontal conveying run (11). Sludge to be dewatered is fed onto the belt at an input end of the conveying run so that liquid may drain from the sludge through the belt. Part way along the belt is disposed at least on ramp (21) having its lower edge in contact with or just above the belt surface to cause sludge to rise up the ramp thus enhancing the dewatering process. A plurality of spaced fingers (26) extend forwardly from the top of the ramp (21) thus leaving strips of the belt (20) free of sludge forwardly of the ramp and fingers.

Abstract: This invention increases the efficiency and flow rate of rotary drum filtration and makes possible the use of such filtration for volatile and high temperature materials. According to the invention a rotary drum filter unit operates continuously in a pressure vessel and solids are intermittently discharged from the vessel. The filtered solids are scraped from the drum periphery and dropped into a trough in the vessel communicating with a discharge passageway. When the passageway is filled with solids, a shroud, driven by a reciprocating ejector traps the solids in the passageway. The ejector compacts the trapped solids forming plugs which are sequentially discharged from the pressure vessel.

Abstract: Method and equipment for filtration of a suspension so that the suspension to be filtered is fed from a feed part (4) onto the filter face of a filter member (5), which moves relative the feed part. The pulp layer is formed on the outer face of the filter member and the filtrate flows into the interior of the filter member, and the pulp layer is removed from the filter member at the removing point. After the pulp removing point (17), before the feed point (4), one or several cleaning points (12) are provided wherein liquid is made to flow through the filter member (5) from the inner face of the filter member to the outer face. The flow rate of the liquid that flows through the cleaning point or points is adjusted higher than the rate of any liquid flow that may flow through the rest of the filter member from the inside-face side to the outside-face side.

Abstract: Apparatus for extracting liquid from a slurry containing fine solids and liquid comprising an endless screen formed of woven monofilaments of thermoplastic material so as to define a multiplicity of small openings extending between opposite sides thereof and a supporting structure for supporting the endless screen for movement through initial and intermediate operative run portions along an underside thereof in such a way as to present an upper operative side thereof for the accumulation of solids thereon by the passage of liquid through the openings thereof. The screen supporting structure comprises a multiplicity of fixed closely spaced parallel bars formed of material having favorable wear and coefficient of friction characteristics with respect to the thermoplastic material of the endless screen.

Abstract: A high pressure solventless mask washer. A mask holder is slidably and rotatably mounted on a shaft within a vessel having a door through which the mask may be inserted and mounted to the holder. A rotatable output extending into the vessel is connected telescopically slides causing rotation of the holder. A spline between the holder and shaft causes vertical movement of the holder as the holder is rotated. Washing liquid is directed outwardly from the shaft against the mask with the liquid then being circulated through a filter to a main reservoir. A doctor blade removes solid materials from the filter and deposits same in a solids accumulator. A pump removes any liquid from the accumulator compartment directing the liquid back through the filter salvaging same.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for aiding in the removal of a fibrous material sheet from a smooth porous filter surface. An intermittent pattern of round-bottomed compression irregularities is impressed upon the sheet blunt round-edged device to cause it to be released from the filter surface in the areas where the irregularities are impressed by the device so that it will not stick to the filter surface nor split when it is contacted by the doctor device which guides it away from the filter surface. The spacing and the geometry of the compression pattern are according to the pulp characteristics and the operating conditions of the filter.

Abstract: In apparatus for thickening a suspension of pulp material which includes an endless foraminous belt wrapping two spaced horizontally supported rolls, a special doctor mechanism is provided for transferring thickened pulp from the bare surface of the second roll into a trough mounted in the space bounded by the two rolls and the upper and lower runs of the belt. More specifically, the doctor mechanism includes a rigid doctor blade mounted with its working edge in close but spaced relation with the bare surface of the roll to remove pulp therefrom without contact with the roll surface. Provision is also made for periodically oscillating the blade about a horizontal axis to move its working edge away from and back to its closely spaced working relation with the roll.

Abstract: In a vacuum belt filter, in order to allow for additional washing of filter cake, a plate is mounted in an inclined disposition above the upper run of the belt with its lower end directed upstream so that as the belt is progressed filter cake moves up over said plate. At the top of the plate, the cake drops into a receptacle and is washed and reslurried by liquid from jets before being returned to the belt downstream, preferably immediately below, the inclined plate. As an alternative to immediate return to the belt, reslurried cake may be transported from the receptacle to a reservoir for further washing or prolonged leaching before it is returned.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing oil from the surface of a liquid using an endless belt partially submerged in the liquid, the belt passes over a primary roller having a vertical axis and pressure rollers squeeze the belt on the primary roller removing oil from the belt which flows by gravity to a collection receptacle mounted upon a frame supporting the primary roller and its drive structure. The belt twists whereby its lower portion submerged in the liquid defines a reversing loop whose configuration is maintained by a weight roller having a horizontal axis of rotation.

Abstract: A spiral vane bioreactor of a perfusion type in which a vertical chamber (10), intended for use in a microgravity condition, has a central rotating filter assembly (30) and has flexible membranes (56) disposed to rotate annularly about the filter assembly. The flexible members have end portions disposed angularly with respect to one another. A fluid replenishment medium is input (68) from a closed loop liquid system to a completely liquid filled chamber containing microcarrier beads, cells and a fluid medium. Output (36) of spent medium is to the closed loop. In the closed loop, the output and input parameters are sensed by sensors (82,96); a manifold 86 permits recharging of the nutrients and pH adjustment; oxygen is supplied and carbon dioxide removed, bubbles are removed and the system is monitored and controlled by a microprocessor (100).

Abstract: In a filter centrifuge with a filter medium, a filter cake is formed following the introduction of a suspension. In a first filtration phase the suspension is exposed to centrifugal filtration a first filtration which dewaters by the inertia forces. In a second filtration phase, the cake is subjected to compressed gas filtration using frictional forces generated by a gas flow. In the second filtration phase, gas at atmospheric pressure flows through the filter cake and filter medium and is exhausted from a filtrate collector space. This space is composed of a gas space and a filtrate liquid space. To obtain flow through the solid cake at an increased pressure difference, it is proposed to provide the filter centrifuge in a pressure housing with a superatmospheric pressure controlled by a difference in filtrate liquid levels in the filtrate liquid space and the annular space following the filter. This liquid control prevents the penetration of filtrate liquid into the gas exhaust line.

Abstract: Apparatus for enhancing dewatering of sludge on a filter belt by the use of conical plows that elevate and mix the sludge. The angles of the plows with the horizontal may be progressively increased, and thereby increase elevation and mixing of the sludge as it moves downstream on the belt toward discharge position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the continuous discharge of water from suspension, especially from fibrous pulp, whereby pulp is caused to thicken without having the water to be removed through a thick uncontrollably gathered fiber mat.In accordance with the invention the suspension to be thickened is fed into a filtering chamber, the suspension is formed as a layer that is continuously being mixed for equalizing the consistency differences, the liquid is continuously removed from the suspension and the thickness of the fiber mat being formed on the filter surface is controlled by subjecting said mat to shear stresses.The above described method is realized by an apparatus, in which at least one of the co-operating surfaces, the filtering surface (8) and its counter surface (10), is provided with means (12) for non-mechanically limiting the thickness of a fiber mat on the filtering surface, whereby a uncontrolled formation of a fiber mat on the filtering surface (8) is prevented.

Abstract: A filter for filtering liquids is proposed, in which the filter fabric along an arcuate path is mounted on a bearing element concomitantly rotating with the filter fabric. The bearing element is constituted by a rotatably mounted ring, which is mounted on a bearing inner ring connected to a wall of the filter. The seal between the bearing inner ring and the rotatably mounted ring is provided by an O-ring, which forms a radial or axial seal. In the case of the present filter, the inlet port is located in the rigid wall and its position and shape can be adapted to the particular requirements.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus for cleaning under water structures that comprises a cylindrical brush having a plurality of bristles that extend radially outward, a sealed electric motor for axially rotating the cylindrical brush and a winch and cables to raise and lower the cylindrical brush as it cleans the under water structure. A substantially rectangular trough is displaced below the cleaning apparatus to collect debris that is removed from the underwater structure as the structure is being cleaned.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises, among other things, an external group or unit (10) and an internal group or unit (20) which are movable relatively and which define a chamber (17) and an enclosure (223) separated by a body (11) permeable with respect to the liquid and impermeable with respect to the solid matter and an impervious elastic membrane (220) which can be expanded so as to be able to reduce the volume of the enclosure (223) in order to expel from it the liquid of the substance to be treated which has been placed therein and in order to press the solid matter against the body (11) or a filter (16) from where the said solid matter is detached by a scraper (50) so as to be collected separately.Application for the production of separated solid matter with a dry-matter content at leaet equal to 40%.

Abstract: A drum filter is disclosed in which a filter media layer is applied over a section of a drum member disposed in a tank which receives a liquid to be filtered, the filter media layer constructed of a thin metal with a pattern of holes formed by chemical etching, with the diameters thereof increasing in the direction of flow. The diverging hole shape reduces the tendency for plugging of the hole. One or more scraper blades are urged against the filter media layer which is rotated past the scraper blade causing a flexing of each section of the filter media layer to unplug any holes which do become clogged.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for separating bodies from a liquid in which the liquid is passed through a filter and the bodies to be separated are accumulated on the filter. The filter forms an upper bounding limit of a space therebeneath which is alternately subjected to pressure and vacuum relative to the ambient region above the filter. This is achieved according to one embodiment by producing a reciprocal movement of the filter in the form of an oscillating or pendular movement. The pressurization in the space produces separation of the bodies accumulated on the upper surface of the filter to facilitate their discharge from the filter. The separated bodies can be assisted for discharge by mechanical elements and/or by producing wave motion in the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for discharging a disc filter. The method and apparatus are excellent for handling fiber suspensions in the pulp and paper industry. In earlier known means, the filter cake thickened on the filter surfaces of the disc filter is detached by means of water or compressed-air jets and the cake allowed to freely fall to an axial chute disposed below the shaft level of the filter, wherefrom the pulp most usually is transferred by means of a screw conveyor. The pulp, however, easily clogs the inlet opening of the chute, whereby pulp material accumulates in the space between the discs with harmful consequences.

Abstract: An improved filtration for treating waste product which comprises a pair of filter belts, a plurality of squeezing rollers operatively connected to the filter belts, a plurality of fixed sprayers in the vicinity of the plurality of rollers for spraying hot steam, heating members for heating the rollers with hot steam, hot water, or hot air in the interior thereof, and a pair of cleaning members for cleaning and washing the belts, whereby the waste product is easily filtrated and dehydrated through the coaction between the belts and the plurality of rollers, and the belts are washed clean by the cleaning members.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for separating and recovering a granulate from a viscous suspension containing the graulate. The suspension is placed in a layer on an endless sieve belt guided around return rollers and effecting a separation into a sieve residue of the granulate which remains behind on the belt, and a stream of material passing through the belt. The stream of material is collected between the forward and backward runs of the sieve conveyor belt. The separated granulate is dumped from the conveyor belt. As the layer of the granulate containing suspension is dispensed on the sieve conveyor belt, at least one free edge extending across the sieve conveyor belt is formed and maintained. A stream of air passes downwardly through the sieve conveyor belt.

Abstract: From a liquid mixture containing a liquid in a continuous phase and a liquid in the form of drops in a phase dispersed therein, the liquid in the dispersed phase is separated from the liquid in the continuous phase by passing the liquid mixture through a liquid-permeable layer (11, 12), arranged in chamber (10), with through-holes of which at least the majority has a cross section area which is greater than the cross section area of at least the main part of the drops in the dispersed phase, the liquid mixture being sheared, by means of a rotor (23) arranged in the chamber on the inlet side of the liquid-permeable layer, over the layer while maintaining a film (24) of liquid, movable along the layer, from the dispersed phase on the layer and while maintaining a higher pressure on the inlet side of the layer than on its outlet side. Drops of dispersed liquid then coalesce in the film and in the through-holes of the layer and can thus be separated from the liquid in the continuous phase.

Abstract: An interceptor for the continuous removal of solid matter from a mixture of solids and liquids includes a screening drum rotating while in operation in a given direction of rotation. The mixture is fed to the outer surface of the jacket of the drum, whereby the liquid enters the drum and solid matter remains on the outer surface of the drum jacket. A solids discharge device is provided adjacent the outer surface of the drum to remove deposited solid matter. At least the lower half of the screening drum is surrounded by a tank to which a mixture inlet is connected. A liquid outlet is connected to the interior of the screening drum. The level of the mixture in the tank is controlled in such a way that it is above the level of the cleansed liquid inside the screening drum. The mixture introduced into a flow chamber surrounding the drum jacket flows substantially in the same direction as the direction of rotation of the drum.

Abstract: An improved slurry plow which includes provisions for both vertical and horizontal adjustment, characterized in that the plow includes a housing, a telescoping lower member which is spring loaded to retain the lower surface of the plow in slidable contact with an associated moving belt, and further including provisions to permit adjustment of the pressure exerted by the sliding contact and to provide vertical adjustment of the telescoping member.

Abstract: A press for expressing liquids from liquid-containing substances, especially musts, contains an at least partially cylindrical sieve wall and a pressing apparatus disposed therein which has a rotatable shaft and separators radially fastened to the latter which form a plurality of press chambers. These are separated by a radially acting pressing means into a pressure chamber and a press chamber. To fill and empty the press chambers a charging station and a discharge station are provided. The sieve wall is stationary and the pressure chambers are sealed hermetically one from the other. Lastly, means are provided for rotating the shaft step-wise and thereby placing the press chambers step-wise successively at the charging station and at the discharge station.

Abstract: To ensure that a web (11) of filter material is properly passed between filter plates (25) of a filter stack (23), without skewing, which might cause leakage along the edges of the filter plates, the web is guided to the filter plates by guide rollers and, after being received from the stack of plates, passed over an inclined deflection edge (13) on a deflection element or rod, located at an angle of 45.degree. with respect to the edge of the essentially rectangular plates, so that the run-on and run-off surfaces of the web will form a web deflection angle (.alpha.) of about 90.degree., and a web plane diversion angle (.beta.) of 0.degree.. A plurality of deflection rod groups may be used, guiding webs alternately, for example, for example, to the right or left after having passed through a stack, or permitting passage of the webs through an additional stack (FIG. 13) since, upon passage about the deflection rods, the orientation of the surfaces of the filter web is reversed.

Abstract: A chicane system is provided in a belt filter press in a gravity drainage zone. The gravity drainage zone includes a movable filter belt, an inlet section for receiving a suspension on the filter belt, and an outlet for discharging separated liquid and solid components of the suspension. A support member is mounted over the filter belt and has a longitudinal axis generally perpendicular to the filter belt movement. A plurality of flow turners depend from the support member and engage the filter belt to prevent clogging of the filter belt by the suspension solid component. Each flow turner includes a plow portion extending into the suspension and engaging the filter belt and a coupling portion fixed to the support member. The opposite ends of the support member are slidably coupled to the retaining walls for floating translatory movement of the support member and flow turners in a vertical direction toward and away from the filter belt during operation.

Abstract: A solid-liquid separating apparatus for obtaining a liquid component, for example, from a used solid-liquid mixture for reuse of the same, which includes a filtering member having a hollow cylindrical shape made of a hard porous material such as porous ceramics, sintered metal, layered metal net, sintered resin, unwoven cloth, and the like. The hard porous material is provided with continuous air holes and a device is provided for reducing the pressure in the inner hollow space of the filtering member during the rotation thereof. A scraper is provided for scraping a solid component remaining on the filtering surface of the filtering member after the liquid component is sucked into the inner space of the filtering member. The separating apparatus further includes a cutter for effectively removing the solid component and a device which allows reuse of the mixture with solid particles evenly distributed therein.

Abstract: A scraper for a sugar centrifuge comprises a scraper blade mounted on an arm which is moved down into and pivoted within the centrifugal bowl, such that the edge of the scraper blade is moved against but out of contact with the bowl wall for scraping off the sugar adhering to the bowl wall. After the scraping edge, the scraper blade has an afterscraper in direct or indirect contact with the bowl wall. The afterscraper comprises in one embodiment a block whose boundary plane facing the scraping edge forms an acute angle with the tangential plane along the line of contact of the block with the bowl wall.