Abstract: The inner pot of an electric fryer includes an annular electric heating tube at the bottom. Two ends of the electric heating tube are separated from each other, forming there between a gap that forms the coolest section of the inner circumference at the bottom of the inner pot. An oil gathering groove is provided at the coldest section and communicates with the bottom center of the inner pot by means of an oil passage passing through the gap between the two ends of the electric heating tube. The inner pot is designed to have a bottom slanting downward toward the oil-gathering groove after combined with an outer pot. Thus, the remaining oil in the inner pot is able to flow into the oil gathering groove along the inner wall and through the oil passage to prevent remaining oil inside from accumulating near the electric heating tube and catching fire.

Abstract: A baby formula warming device for warming baby formula. The baby formula warming device includes a body member having a perimeter wall. The perimeter wall defines an interior space of the body member. The interior space of the body member is designed for holding the baby formula. A heating assembly is in thermal communication with the interior space of the body member. The heating assembly has a heat transfer member. The heat transfer member extends into the interior space of the body member. The heat transfer member is designed for transferring heat produced by the heating assembly to the baby formula. The heat transfer member is in a spaced relationship from an exterior wall of the perimeter wall of the body member whereby the exterior wall is designed for remaining cool enough to be handled by a user when heat is transferred to the baby formula.

Abstract: The use of incubation means for the controlled heating of biological materials, said means comprising an electrically conducting polymer connectable to a power supply, said polymer being either contiguous or integral with an incubation vessel, or adapted to be in thermal contact with an incubation vessel. Incubation apparatus including such means and a method for culturing biological materials using them are also described and claimed.

Abstract: A CVD device (100) includes a 142 process chamber (102), in the wall of which first to fourth cartridge heaters (146, 148, 150, 152) are buried. The heaters have resistance whose value increases with temperature. A heater controller (160) determines the heater resistance from the current and voltage values associated with each heater. The heater controller (160) corrects a reference resistance corresponding to a set temperature by using a correction value corresponding to the temperature detected by a temperature sensor (250), and multiplies the corrected reference resistance by the temperature distribution constant of each heater to determine the target resistance. The heater controller (160) properly controls the phase of the AC power supplied to each heater so that the heater resistance may follow the target resistance. The first to fourth cartridge heaters (146, 148, 150, 152) are thus controlled accurately.

Abstract: A kettle (10) is provided with LEDs (30) in the base (19) of the kettle that project through holes (18) or groups of holes (36) directly on to a power supply stand (16) to provide an indication that the kettle is switched on and yield a pleasing aesthetic effect.

Abstract: A food treating apparatus and method wherein a reducing DC electric current is provided by a DC electric circuit, the food treating apparatus including a vessel and a handle, and wherein at least part of the electric circuit is integral with the handle and is operative to provide electrons to food in the vessel. Further, the added electrons inhibit and/or reduce the formation of acrylamides in the food prepared in the food treating apparatus.

Abstract: A multifunctional cooking apparatus includes a parabolic-like cooking pot and dome-like cover. A heating element is embedded either in the wall of the cover or the wall of the cooking pot to provide heat transfer respectively. The cooking pot have an opening to create a cooking recess with a parabolic inner wall, and the cover have an opening and formed as a dome-like inner wall, so that the cooking pot and the cover are generally formed as a spherical-like or oval-like cooking chamber by which to concentrate the heat energy therein and cooking food in a variety of ways at a minimal cost, such as baking, steaming, deep-frying, boiling or simmering mode.

Abstract: A roasting oven having a large capacity heating well including a wrap-around heating element for heating the side walls thereof and a top heating element for browning is disclosed. A function control panel featuring a touch-film interface and digital display of cooking modes is provided for the user's convenience. In an alternative embodiment standard electromechanical switches and rheostatic temperature controls provide the functions of the present oven. The heating elements are also fabricated in alternative embodiments to provide single-sided or double-sided configurations for particular heating applications. A lid member including the top heating element is attached to the present oven by electrically conductive supporting structures, which incorporate the electrical circuit for the top heating element and also provide for convenient disconnection thereof for cleaning and storage.

Abstract: A cooking appliance (wok) (10) having a stainless steel bowl (11) to which there is attached a heating base (15). Embedded in the heating base (15) is an electric heating element (17). The bowl (11) is formed of stainless steel and is of an arcuate configuration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new and improved storage food recipient with carrying handle, for placing within tortillas, pizzas, pancakes or similar kind of food, after heating in a microwave, keeping them warm for extended time, and is comprised of two containers adapted to each other, an outer container and an inner container, wherein the inner container's walls and bottom are of a double thickness with an internal cavity between each wall thickness for holding either heated water, or a cooled equivalent fluid to retain cold condition for food preservation. The outer container contains a sealed cover that, besides retaining the temperature, will contain a solar heating panel with heating elements for reheating and preserving the temperature of the products contained therein.

Abstract: A food treating apparatus and method wherein an electric current is provided by an electric circuit, the food treating apparatus including a vessel and a handle, and wherein at least part of the electric circuit is integral with the handle and is operative to provide electrons to food in the vessel.

Abstract: An electrical cooking device (10) for a bulb or more of garlic including a lower bowl-like cooking plate (22) with circular peripheral walls (46) extending upward, and an upper domed cooking plate (20). When these are in a closed position a cooking chamber (30) is formed in which one or more bulbs of garlic can be cooked quickly and efficiently.

Abstract: A heated vaccine pack for heating and keeping heated medicine for vaccinating livestock. The vaccine pack comprises a generally cylindrical container with an inner wall, an exterior wall, and an opening in the bottom of the container. A self contained electrical heating element is located between the wall exterior and the wall interior. The amount of heat to be applied or the operating temperature of the container may be controlled by using an optional temperature regulator. A fastener is affixed to the exterior of the container near the container's top end. The container top has a closure to seal the vaccine pack once the medicine has been placed inside.

Abstract: A microtiter plate system includes an integral heater. In an embodiment, the integral heater includes a heater plate. In another embodiment, the integral heater includes resistive heater wires positioned beneath and/or between the wells of a microtiter plate. In an embodiment, the microtiter plate system includes optically clear well bottoms that permit sensing and measurement of samples through the optically clear well bottoms. In an implementation, an optically clear heater is positioned beneath the optically clear well bottoms. In an alternative implementation, resistive heater wires are positioned between the wells. In an embodiment, the microtiter plate system includes a microtiter plate lid with an integral heater, which can be implemented using a heater plate, resistive wires, and the like.

Abstract: An electronic drinking mug includes a heating element in thermal communication with the mug for heating a liquid contained in the mug, a temperature sensoring in communication with the heating element for monitoring a temperature of the liquid, a controller in communication with the temperature sensor and the heating element for selectively activating and deactivating the heating element so as to heat the liquid in the mug to a desired temperature. In operation, the controller receives temperature readings from the temperature sensor and deactivates the heating element when the monitored temperature of the liquid is greater than or equal to the desired user preset temperature of the liquid. A user interface is attached to the mug and in communication with the controller for establishing the desired temperature of the liquid.

Abstract: A combination of a bottom of a pan and a heating device comprises a pan, an aluminum alloy plate and an electric heating member welded to a bottom of the pan by means of instantaneous welding, a thermostatic circuit fixed to the bottom of the pan for keeping the pan at a constant temperature when energized, a mounting plate integrally formed with the aluminum alloy plate, and a temperature-control switch fixed to the mounting plate. A switch is mounted to a rear of the temperature-control switch to thereby switch the temperature-control switch between the electric heating member and the thermostatic circuit. An activating member is operably connected to the switch in a manner that the electric heating member is turned on when the activating member is manually activated and that the electric heating member is turned off and the thermostatic circuit is energized when a food in the pan is well cooked or heated to a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heating system, at least comprising a ceramic substrate and a resistive layer. The resistive layer comprises a thermally stable resin which is filled with a conductive material.

Abstract: A heated water bucket includes a main bucket having a bottom wall and a wall extending upwardly from the bottom wall. The side wall has an upper portion, a lower portion and a downwardly extending lip formed at the junction of the inner and outer buckets. The outer bucket has a reduced height relative to the height of the main bucket and its side wall seats within a radial groove defined by the downwardly extending lip. A heating element in the form of a foil heater is disposed between the inner and outer buckets outer shell and the main bucket. The heating element is wrapped around the side wall of the inner bucket and may be secured thereto by an adhesive backing. A power cord extends from the watering tank and is interconnected with the heating element for delivering electrical power thereto.

Abstract: A heated water bucket includes a main bucket having a bottom wall and a wall extending upwardly from the bottom wall. The side wall has an upper portion, a lower portion and a downwardly extending lip formed at the junction of the inner and outer buckets. The outer bucket has a reduced height relative to the height of the main bucket and its side wall seats within a radial groove defined by the downwardly extending lip. A heating element in the form of a foil heater is disposed between the inner and outer buckets outer shell and the main bucket. The heating element is wrapped around the side wall of the inner bucket and may be secured thereto by an adhesive backing. A power cord extends from the watering tank and is interconnected with the heating element for delivering electrical power thereto.

Abstract: A vaporization apparatus comprises a cover, a base, and a heating pipe. The base is arranged below the cover and assembled integrally with the cover. The base has an accommodation space therein and a heat-conducting fin plate is provided in the accommodation space. The heat-conducting fin plate has a bottom side connected to a bottom side of the base and the heating pipe is arranged below the base. The heating pipe is completely or partially overlapped with the bottom side of the heat-conducting fin plate. The heat energy generated by the heating pipe can be concentrated to the heat-conducting fin plate and water in the accommodation space can be rapidly heated.

Abstract: An electric kettle includes a tubular body (1), heating elements comprising an electric resistor (6) associated with a heating plate (8) mounted in the body lower part, defining with the side wall (3) of the body (1) a reservoir (10) of liquid to be heated and in direct contact by its upper surface with the liquid, and elements supporting a peripheral rim (8a) of the heating plate (8). The support elements comprise a vertical skirt (20) extending inside the body (1) and fixed on the inner surface (3a) of the body side wall (3) by first reversible fixing elements (28, 30), and the body (1) has a base formed by a lid (24) fixed on the skirt (20) with second reversible fixing elements (32, 37).

Abstract: A microtiter plate system includes an integral heater. In an embodiment, the integral heater includes a heater plate. In another embodiment, the integral heater includes resistive heater wires positioned beneath and/or between the wells of a microtiter plate. In an embodiment, the microtiter plate system includes optically clear well bottoms that permit sensing and measurement of samples through the optically clear well bottoms. In an implementation, an optically clear heater is positioned beneath the optically clear well bottoms. In an alternative implementation, resistive heater wires are positioned between the wells. In an embodiment, the microtiter plate system includes a microtiter plate lid with an integral heater, which can be implemented using a heater plate, resistive wires, and the like.

Abstract: The Electrical Heater Lid is a cover-type food cooking and warming apparatus that provides surface cooking by evenly passing intense heat over the food being cooked in a pot, pan, or skillet. Many foods require surface heat to eliminate flipping the food over in the utensil. Such foods are cooked better and more quickly if both sides of the food can be cooked simultaneously, and the invention is directed toward such foodstuff. The apparatus fits on and covers the top of various sizes of pots, pans, or skillets for broiling, cooking, heating, sealing the surface of food products, and helping steaming process of steamed rice.

Abstract: A method for making a non-stick ceramic cooking vessel for a slow-cooker, the vessel having glazing defining a seal over a cooking surface of the ceramic vessel, the method comprising the steps of removing at least a portion of the glazing while preferably maintaining at least a portion of the seal of the vessel and applying a non-stick coating over the cooking surface. The step of removing the glazing is preferably achieved by grit-blasting at least a portion of the glazing with aluminum oxide. Additionally, the cooking surface preferably includes a bottom surface and a wall surface wherein the glazing is preferably removed from the bottom surface such that the seal is substantially removed, and a portion of the glazing is preferably removed from the wall surface such that the seal there remains substantially intact.

Abstract: A quartz glass which would not become a source for the contamination even if it contains metallic impurities. This quartz glass includes a region where a concentration of E′ center as measured by means of an. electron spin resonance analysis is 3×1019 cm−3 or more. This quartz glass can be manufactured by a method including the steps of forming an initial quartz glass by melting and quenching a raw material for quartz glass, and implanting therein an ion, which is capable of entering into an SiO2 network of the initial quartz glass and substantially incapable of externally diffusing, to increase a concentration of E′ center in at least part of the initial quartz glass. This quartz glass can be manufactured by a method making use of a quartz glass raw material containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of-silicon, by a method of irradiating ultraviolet ray to the initial quartz glass, or by a method of giving an abrasion damage to the surface of the initial quartz glass by means of sand blast.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for processing sample materials. The sample materials may be located in a plurality of process chambers in the device, which is rotated during heating of the sample materials.

Abstract: An electric thermo pot provided with a coating layer formed on the inner surface of the vessel containing powdered charcoal. Electric thermo pot of the present invention improves quality of liquid kept therein. It is generally believed that the liquid quality is improved presumably by infrared ray radiated from the powdered charcoal contained in the layer. Presumable causes for the improvement also include a very small amount of certain elements dissolving out of the powdered charcoal into the liquid and an effect of absorption pertinent to the powdered charcoal.

Abstract: A warmer-holder for use with body applied liquids has a small volume open topped receptacle able to receive a few ounces of the liquid, the receptacle supported by prongs inserted into a wall outlet. A low power heater element is energized when the holder is plugged in to heat the liquid to temperature comfortable when applied to the person's body. A cover can be provided as well as an on-off switch for the heater element. The receptacle can have a simulated shape such as a seashell.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of securing a stainless steel housing (12) for a kettle (10), a polypropylene or polycarbonate water gauge (14), and a polypropylele or polycarbonate backing element (16A, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E), including the steps of (a) welding the water gauge (14) with the backing element (16A, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E); (b) contacting and fixedly securing the housing (12) with the water gauge (14); and (c) positioning a silicon rubber sealing ring (18A, 18B, 18C, 18D, 18E, 18F) between and in contact with the housing (12) and the backing element (16A, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E) to thereby form a water-tight seal therebetween.

Abstract: An electric thermo pot provided with a coating layer formed on the inner surface of the vessel containing powdered charcoal. Electric thermo pot of the present invention improves quality of liquid kept therein. It is generally believed that the liquid quality is improved presumably by infrared ray radiated from the powdered charcoal contained in the layer. Presumable causes for the improvement also include a very small amount of certain elements dissolving out of the powdered charcoal into the liquid and an effect of absorption pertinent to the powdered charcoal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a hanging assembly for supporting an electric heater below a chafing dish or chafing pan. The removable electric chafing dish heater is supported by two identical hanging assemblies each with an elastic component to provide a constant thermal interface to the underside of a typical chafing dish. The hanging assembly provides a bent and curved device for holding the hanging assembly fast to a typical chafing frames that typically accompanies all chafing dishes. The chafing dish heater includes an electric flat plate element in a rectangular housing that is connected to a power assembly. The power assembly has an on/off switch, a power cord, and a visual indicator for representing the power is on/off.

Abstract: A chafing or warming dish construction typically used for buffet serving of comestibles having user sensing means which automatically opens and closes an overlying cover depending upon the presence of the user at a serving table. In a disclosed embodiment, the cover is arranged for pivotal rotation about a pair of aligned pintles.

Abstract: A Method of Securing Articles and an Electric Kettle Made by Such a Method There is disclosed a method of securing a stainless steel housing (12) for a kettle (10), a polypropylene or polycarbonate water gauge (14), and a polypropylele or polycarbonate backing element (16A, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E), including the steps of (a) welding the water gauge (14) with the backing element (16A, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E); (b) contacting and fixedly securing the housing (12) with the water gauge (14); and (c) positioning a silicon rubber sealing ring (18A, 18B, 18C, 18D, 18E, 18F) between and in contact with the housing (12) and the backing element (16A, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E) to thereby form a water-tight seal therebetween.

Abstract: An insulated case designed to keep medical pads warm and in a condition ready for application over a period of hours. The case typically includes a cover, multiple internal containers and a source of controlled heat to warm the pads. The pads, after being saturated with a medication such as alcohol, are stored in the internal containers where they are raised in temperature by the controlled heat source to a predetermined temperature range and maintain within that temperature range. At the same time, the vapor pressure is maintained at a level within the internal containers to prevent the escape of the alcohol from the pads through evaporation. The safety features of this apparatus include an over temperature alarm and automatic shut off as well as an over pressure alarm and vent, all of which operate even when there is a power failure. Internal containers are individually insulated and are removable for transport to wherever they are needed.

Abstract: A hollow pressure cooking vessel comprises a bottom, a top and sides. A steam reservoir is provided in the bottom and radiant heaters are provided in the top. The interior of the top is a dome or has sloped sides and radiant heaters are spaced externally to the top. Food to be cooked is located on a tray disposed between the dome and the base. An optional vacuum pump is provided to evacuate the interior of the vessel and heaters are provided to heat the entire vessel to generate steam from the reservoir while maintaining the sides and the temperature above the cooking temperature of the food to be cooked within the vessel.

Abstract: A thermal treatment system warming basin for warming a sterile liquid or medium includes a heating pad disposed on the exterior surface of the basin floor in various configurations (e.g., spiral, ‘I’, ‘X’ or serpentine configurations, multiple heating pad segments disposed about the basin floor, etc.) to prevent damage to a sterile surgical drape placed over the system when objects are placed within the basin. The configurations cover a portion of the basin floor to permit the basin to absorb thermal energy that may otherwise be absorbed by and cause damage to the drape. In addition, a thermal treatment system and corresponding sterile surgical drape may include a variety of mechanisms to ensure sterility of a sterile liquid within a basin. In particular, the drape may include a reflective material segment to reflect infrared light emitted from an infrared light source toward a detector to indicate the proper positioning and/or presence of the drape on the thermal treatment system.

Abstract: A heating element for a liquid heating vessel, comprises a metal substrate, an insulating layer provided over the substrate, and an electrically conductive heating track provided over the insulating layer. The heating track comprises a path extending between two contact pads, the heating track defining regions of relatively high density of track portions and regions of relatively low density of track portions. The contact pads are located in regions of relatively low density, and the layout of the heating track is designed such that in the event of thermal overheating of the element, the heating track ruptures at one of a predetermined set of locations in high density regions of the heating track. The heating track itself thereby functions as a thermal fuse.

Abstract: A hot water bottle includes a bottle bottom, a bottle body, and a bottle cover. The bottle body is made of transparent glass which allows the level of water to be seen clearly from the outside of the bottle. A plurality of protective strips, with proper distribution, are formed on the outer surface of the bottle body to protect the user's hand by acting as a heat isolation barrier.

Abstract: A safety device for an electric cooking appliance, the appliance having a case forming a housing provided to receive a removable bowl and a unit for heating the bowl. The safety device is composed of an element for sensing the presence of the bowl in the housing, the element being mounted to be movable against a restoring member between a first position which the element assumes when the bowl is present in the housing, and a second position which the element assumes when the bowl is not present in the housing or is not correctly positioned in the housing, the second position corresponding to a position to which the element is urged by the restoring member.

Abstract: An electric drinking cup for use while driving a vehicle comprised of a plastic inner liner, a metal outer shell, and an insulation-filled space therebetween. A heating element is associated with the bottom portion of the inner liner, and is electrically connected to a vehicle's electrical system. The plastic inner liner curves around the upper edge of the outer metal shell providing a cup lip, which does not get hot when containing a hot liquid. The plastic inner liner and heating element further provide a diffuse heat that heats liquid, such as coffee or hot chocolate, slowly to the desired temperature such that, when heated, the liquid does not become burned and distasteful. The outer metal shell provides durability.

Abstract: A heating element comprises a thermally conductive substrate, an electrically insulating layer provided over the substrate, and a heating track deposited on the insulating layer. The heating element has a dished portion defining a concave face on one side of the element, the insulating layer and the heating track being provided on the concave face. The heating element is suitable for a range of liquid heating applications, including electric kettles.

Abstract: A beverage cup and cupholder system made in accordance with the principles of the present invention includes a beverage cup 10 and a cupholder 50. The beverage cup 10 includes a sleeve 13, a liner 19, and a base 20. The base 20 includes an O-ring 22, a plate 23, a heating element 27 and spring terminals 28a, 28b. The heating element preferably exhibits a variable PTC effect. The base further includes a contact ring 25 and a contact disk 29. The cupholder 50 is adapted to mate with the base 20 of the beverage cup 10. Preferably, the cupholder 50 has recessed land areas 57, 58 which lie below a plane of support 53 for the beverage cup 50. The recessed land areas 57, 58 are electrically isolated from each other. The cupholder includes spring contacts 52, 54 which are adapted to receive connections from an external source of electrical current. The spring contacts 52, 54 extend into the recessed land areas 57, 58. The beverage cup 10, when filled with a hot beverage, is placed into the cupholder 50.

Abstract: The base (10) of a plastics liquid heating vessel (2) is formed by a heated stainless steel plate having a peripheral channel (16) engaging over a bead (32) lower end portion (22) of the vessel wall. A silicone rubber sealing ring (19) is clamped between two vessel wall and the channel.

Abstract: An immersion heating element comprises first and second heat conducting substrates defining top and bottom surfaces of the heating element. An electrically insulating layer is provided on one side of each substrate, and the two substrates are mounted together with the insulating layers facing each other and with a resistive heating track sandwiched between the insulating layers. This structure avoids the need for a thick protective insulating layer over the heating track.

Abstract: Device for attaching together parts of a household electric appliance, one of which parts is a metal assembling part in the form of a sheet or plate having opposed first and second major faces, the device being composed of an assembling and retaining element having a base and a projecting portion which projects beyond the first major face of the assembling part, the assembling and retaining element being integral with, and formed from, said assembling part, wherein the base of the assembling and retaining element is constituted by a portion of the assembling part and extends to a plane containing the second major face of the assembling part, the projecting portion is formed by displacement of material of the assembling part to effect a local reduction of the thickness of the assembling part around the assembling and retaining element, and the projecting portion has a volume corresponding substantially to the volume of the material which is displaced to form the projecting portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to drinks dispense equipment having an ice dispensing capability. A drip tray is secured to such a dispenser and the drip tray has an electrical heating element secured directly to a bottom surface thereof. The heating element consists of a specialized printed circuit having a flexible plastic base having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) electrical heating element printed on one surface thereof. The PTC element's resistance to the flow of electrical current decreases as its temperature decreases. Thus, the cooler the circuit the more current is allowed to flow there through, whereas the warmer the circuit the less current flows through the heating element thereof. In operation, as ice accumulates on the drip tray, the heating element is cooled causing an increase in the heat output thereof, thereby melting the ice. Once the ice has melted the heating element will reduce the flow of current as the temperature thereof warms to ambient.

Abstract: A multipurpose pan includes a plurality of supports mounted on an inner bottom side of a housing and a heating plate mounted on the supports. The heating plate is made of stone or metal and includes a recess on its outer bottom side for mounting on the heater. A supporting body is inserted in an opening bored on a center of the heating plate and a double sided broiler plate is mounted on the heating plate. The double-sided broiler plate includes an oil outlet bored proximate to the broiler plate's peripheral surface. A lid covers the housing.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for cooking food. There is a plastic housing with air flow holes, heating elements, a metal conductive pan with additional holes to allow airflow to enter the cooking chamber, a cylindrical riser, and a lid.

Abstract: A thermal treatment system warming basin for warming a sterile liquid or medium includes a heating pad disposed on the exterior surface of the basin floor in various configurations (e.g., spiral, `I`, `X` or serpentine configurations, multiple heating pad segments disposed about the basin floor, etc.) to prevent damage to a sterile surgical drape placed over the system when objects are placed within the basin. The configurations cover a portion of the basin floor to permit the basin to absorb thermal energy that may otherwise be absorbed by and cause damage to the drape. In addition, a thermal treatment system and corresponding sterile surgical drape may include a variety of mechanisms to ensure sterility of a sterile liquid within a basin. In particular, the drape may include a reflective material segment to reflect infrared light emitted from an infrared light source toward a detector to indicate the proper positioning and/or presence of the drape on the thermal treatment system.

Abstract: A control for engagement with the external base of a liquid heating vessel comprises a carrier mounting two bimetallic actuators at opposite ends thereof. The actuators operate at the same temperature. Attached to the carrier is a moulding which provides a cordless electrical connector for the vessel, as well as mounting switch means operable by the actuators through push rods. The push rod acts on a leaf spring to open the contacts, and upon further movement engages an arm of a trip lever, so tripping the lever and causing a further arm of the lever to engage the leaf spring open the contacts fully.