Abstract: A method and apparatus for comminuting and sterilizing infectious waste wherein the size reduction processes take place within the same sealed container within which the sterilization through vacuumization and saturated steam pressurization takes place. Between the vacuum cycle and the high-pressure steam cycle there is interposed an intermittent steam pressurization step to atmospheric pressure. The comminution of infectious waste material is carried out by a series of cutting, crushing and shearing elements which are arranged in a compact, stack-like fashion in a vertical arrangement with the bearing elements, clutch, gear and motor located outside the autoclave container and detachable therefrom, which allows ready access to the shredder stack which can be removed and exchanged in fully assembled fashion.

Abstract: In accordance with this invention, a method and apparatus for removing contaminants from soil is provided. The invention comprises a classifier to separate oversized particles within the soil, a solid and liquid mixer to mix the soil and an added liquid, an agitator to fully mix the soil and liquid into a substantially homogeneous mixture, a separator wherein the soil and liquid are separated such that the contaminants float to the surface of the liquid, and a dryer wherein remaining excess liquid is removed from the substantially decontaminated soil. A material bin receives the oversized classified particles and a crusher/roller is provided to reduce the oversized material and return it to the classifier. The added liquid may include various chemicals to enhance the separability of the soil and contaminates. The solid and liquid mixer, agitator and separator may comprise of a number of sequential containers whereby separation is accomplished in a number of steps.

Abstract: A method of treating plasterboard production scrap wherein the pieces of the plasterboard scrap having the plaster attached to paper components, is passed through an apparatus which comprises a cylindrical housing in which radial arms carry ploughshares riding along the wall of the vessel and cutting heads are provided between the paths of the ploughshares. The apparatus so reduces the pieces that a homogeneous mixture of fibers of the paper components and granular gypsum is formed. This product mixed with raw gypsum provides a calcinable mixture which can be calcined for use in producing additional plasterboard.

Abstract: Shredding machines and a process for recycling used vehicular tires comprising a primary shredder and process, a secondary shredder and process, a granulator and a first process, a material separating means and process, and a granulator and a second process. The primary shredder having parallel counter rotating shafts to which a plurality of cylindrical spur gear-shaped cutters with teeth are attached at proportional distances. The shafts are positioned relative to one another such that a cutter attached to the first shaft fits in the proportional space between two identical cutters on the second shaft. The edges of the top lands and bottom lands of each cutter tooth perform the cutting operation. Thus the power requirement of the primary shredder can be reduced by nearly 90%. The secondary shredder having a reel-type cutter known in the art. The granulator comprising an improved grinding machine with mating grinding discs with working surfaces separated by a controlled gap.

Abstract: An extremely efficient reduction of ten mesh feedstock to minus 80 mesh fine elastomeric rubber product may be obtained by interconnecting two sequential grinding mills. The first mill is fed a feedstock slurry reaching ten mesh particle elastomers in a transport fluid such as water. This mill is set to produce a minus 30 to 40 mesh in a single pass, preferably by use of a relatively coarse grinding stone producing a relatively high through put. Water or transport fluid is then added to the thirty mesh output of the first state to bring it back to a transportable slurry which is then fed to a second grinding stage set to produce an average minus 80 mesh particle. This can be produced best by a finer grit grindstone and concomitant advantages will occur due to the uniformity of the feedstock and the lack of large particles in achieving a higher through put.

Abstract: A counterflow single-screw extractor includes a screw conveyor having a helical scroll formed from arcuate flight sections each having a plurality of elongated slots extending away from the direction of screw rotation and permitting the flow of effluent through the product and the flights in a manner controlled by the size, number, and orientation of the slots. The slots permit efficient extraction using relatively little extraction medium and at the same time permit a single-screw extractor to be used without having to periodically reverse the direction of screw rotation to unclog the slots and by the pitch of the screw conveyor. The inventive arrangement permits the use of a multi-section extractor employing different extraction media and/or different extraction media wash rates in different sections of the extractor.

Abstract: To improve the operation of a roller press, a method is described according to which fluidized material that is discharged from the roller press over and above the sides of the roller press is collected and passed on to the next process stage together with the material which is ground in the roller press and discharged from the centermost section of the roller press. The remaining material which was ground in the roller press and discharged from the roller press through its end sections is returned to the roller press.By practicing the method of the present invention, a depletion of the material in the feed shaft is prevented due to a more stable roller feed, hence obtaining a smooth operation, even for high circulation factors, a higher average power absorption and a higher output level.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing tree limbs, branches and the like to fine particles is provided which includes a frame assembly supported by wheels and having a hitch at one end thereof; a first housing affixed to the frame assembly having an infeed opening, an outfeed opening and cavity therein; a member for chipping the limbs rotatably disposed within the cavity; a feed chute affixed to the infeed opening and communicating with the cavity for guiding the limbs into the chipping means; an element for rotating the chipping member; and an outfeed chute affixed to the outfeed opening for guiding chipped particles out of the cavity.

Abstract: The manufacture of fine powder from vegetable fiber materials at relatively low cost and without contamination, wherein the manufacturing system involved is equipped with a pressure roller system having a couple of pressure rollers, each having teeth of wave-shaped cross section and teeth bottoms, with both such rollers being placed opposite to each other with a minimal space in between same and arranged for synchronous revolution, and with the present invention comprising such processes as to pressure feed the vegetable fiber raw materials to said pressure roller system to mill the aforesaid raw materials with such pressure roller system, and after multiple repetition of said milling process, to pulverize flaked raw materials resulting from the aforesaid milling process with a flake breaker.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for crushing clay to reduce the size of the clay to a uniform particle size distribution without generating a substantial percentage of undersized particles. Oversized clay particles are fed to a first roller mill between a first pair of counter-rotating, adjacent, grooved rollers. The particles exiting the first roller mill that have the desired particle size distribution are separated from the undersized and oversized clay particles exiting the first roller mill, prior to crushing the oversized particles in a second roller mill. The oversized particles from the first roller mill then are fed to the second roller mill between a second pair of counter-rotating, adjacent rollers that are separated by a roller gap that is smaller than a roller gap of the first roller mill.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating waste material, particularly organic catering waste, includes a hopper having an outlet at a bottom part thereof; a comminuting device adjoining the hopper for receiving waste material from the hopper; a chamber having an upper portion and a lower portion; and a raising device having an inlet and an outlet. The outlet of the raising device opens into the hopper above the hopper outlet and into the upper portion of the chamber, whereby waste material lifted by the raising device is discharged in part into the hopper and in part into the upper portion of the chamber. The apparatus further has a supply device situated below an outlet of the comminuting device and in the lower portion of the chamber. The supply device advances waste material from an outlet of the comminuting device and from the lower portion of the chamber to the inlet of the raising device.

Abstract: A novel process for grinding limestone to a predetermined particle size distribution is disclosed. The process comprises feeding a feedstock of limestone to a roll grinder having a pair of opposing rotating rolls having a smooth surface, the rolls being separated by a predetermined nip or gap and having a predetermined circumferential velocity, and grinding the limestone between the rolls to a particle size distribution including particles in a range of about 75% to about 90% by weight greater than 200 mesh to produce a limestone product. Optionally, particles larger than about 14 to 16 mesh are removed, in a separator, and refed to the roll grinder.

Abstract: A method of creating a comminuted feedstock of wood pulp for use in a processing plant which includes the steps of mounting a plurality of rolls of wood pulp sheet material of a first range of properties in a first roll stand, drawing sheet material off each roll in the first roll stand and laying the sheet materials one on the other to create a first pluri-layer web, withdrawing the first pluri-layer web from the first roll stand and leading it to a cutting area of a shredding mill, acting on the first pluri-layer web in the cutting area with rotating hooked disc cutters to tear platelets from the first pluri-layer web and to pass the torn platelets to an outlet of the shredding mill, pneumatically conveying the torn platelets away from the outlet using a fan with a bladed member rotating in a fan casing, and beating the torn platelets with the bladed member as they are conveyed through the fan casing to separate the torn platelets into pieces torn from the individual layers making up the first pluri-layer w

Abstract: The invention proposes a novel automatic product feed in which an analog signal is formed and at least one other digital signal which is adjustable independently of the analog signal is generated and used for the automatic product feed for supervising the product feed functions by a mechanical probe (8) in the product flow. In this way, all previously known controlling and regulating functions can be realized with a minimum of electronics or at the highest level of computer control as a function of the product feed or for optimizing the grinding conditions, possibly with externally initiated digital signals for various stage adjustments and with the use of very simple automatic component means. The invention further proposes a corresponding method for grinding with a milling roller mill (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of shredded paper products such as bedding materials composed of paper bits. Scrap newspapers in tabloid format, or standard straight broadsheet format are cut into a multiplicity of bits, the dimensions predictably and consistantly controlled to insure the paper bit production of substantially uniform and optimally acceptable sizes (length and width) most suitable for the type of end product use intended. This permits the selective production of shredded paper products customized to meet a particular end use, for example bedding material particularly suited for large animal bedding or bedding materials more suitable for small animals such as poultry and/or agricultural mulches.

Abstract: Method for treating an incinerated waste material feedstock to obtain a "free-from-ash" ferrous metal product and/or a "metal-free" ash product are disclosed which provide for early separation of the initial feedstock into a predominately ash stream and predominately ferrous metal stream by stepped separation based on size of the material at different stages of the process.

Abstract: Bulky waste materials may be effectively reduced to a desirable recycling particle size by a waste recycling device equipped with a preshredding chamber and a shredding chamber. Rotors equipped with differently shaped and configured impacting heads or blades strategically positioned about the rotors within the two chambers serve to break the waste materials into progressively smaller sized particles. The preshredding rotor is typically operated at a lower rotational speed than the shredding rotor. The shredding rotor may be equipped with shredding blades which protectively retract from a working zone when exposed to excessive shearing forces. Relatively rigid waste materials such as wooden pallets may be effectively and continuously reduced in massive quantities to a recyclable size with the waste recycling device.

Abstract: A continuous method for shredding waste material, particularly medical waste material, includes continuously loading the waste material into a hopper; passing the waste material into a continuously running primary shredder; initially shredding the waste material in the primary shredder; passing the initially shredded material into a continuously conveying screw conveyor wherein the initially shredded material is mixed together; conveying the mixed material into a continuously running high speed shredder for further shredding; passing the further shredded material into a turbo blender for additionally reducing the particle size of the shredded material; removing the shredded material by conveyor to a discharging area, and discharging the shredded waste material to a receptacle.

Abstract: A process for impact crushing of rock and ore lumps, in which a rock lump is subjected to a primary impact force P.sub.1, and then the plurality of resultant smaller pieces are subjected to a secondary impact force P.sub.2. The application of the impact forces P.sub.1 and P.sub.2 is synchronized in time. The velocity vector V.sub.1 of the lump subjected to the primary impact force P.sub.1 and the vector of the secondary impact force P.sub.2 lie on a line running through the center of the lump mass. The invention also covers an apparatus for performing the above process, which comprises a housing accommodating a primary crushing rotor and a secondary crushing rotor, and also means for synchronizing the rotation of the secondary crushing rotor and the primary crushing rotor, coupled kinematically to said rotors. The secondary crushing rotor has two hammers, and its mass increases along the longitudinal axis of symmetry in a direction away from the axis of rotation.

Abstract: A system and method to shred, transport and reconstruct plastic drums. The drums are loaded into a shredding apparatus that shreds the drums into shreddings. The shreddings are then projected into a compartment in a storage means in a trailer. The loaded storage means is transported to a remote location to be further ground and pelletized for construction into new drums.

Abstract: The materials to be treated, for instance, molded resin articles with resin films coated thereon are treated by relatively simple means to separate and remove the resin film coatings from the surfaces thereof, and are further treated to recover them as a raw-form of resin material or a resin material regulated such that its particle diameter lies within a given particle diameter range, or the materials to be treated, for instance, powder materials are pulverized and granulated. A molded resin article is crushed to small pieces, to which compression impacts based on fine vibrations are in turn applied for squeezing, and resin film coatings separated off the small pieces are removed. The thus treated small pieces are further re-pulverized, and frictional crushing impacts are applied to the thus pulverized pieces as well for polishing and size-regulation.

Abstract: A metallic coolant for a metallurgical bath, the composition of the coolant substantially corresponding to that of the bath consists of ball-shaped bodies of sizes not less than 5 mm and not more than 60 mm, preferably 12 to 60 mm, the ball-shape factor B of the coolant having a value of at least 0.57. The ball shape factor (herein defined) relates the shape to that of spherical balls. The coolant can be made, using a hammer mill, from scrap.

Abstract: A process for the purification of soil contaminated with organic material is provided. The preferred process generally involves superposed attrition and classification processes, which lead to removal and concentration of highly contaminated fractions. The process may also include a step of flotation whereby hydrophobic materials in the soil are released to an interface with air bubbles, and are floated to the top of a flotation cell. In preferred processes according to the present invention, soil to be treated is extracted from a contaminated site, and is broken into relatively small particles. These particles are preferably treated in attrition and classification steps, to remove fine, slow settling contaminated materials such as wood and fine soil materials. The resulting isolated coarser materials are then treated by flotation for a final polishing step.

Abstract: The preparation of carbonaceous dry aggregates for the production of electrodes requires, for electrode plants, extensive and expensive silo installations in order for dry substances to be processed and stored in a discrete manner until they are mixed. For that purpose, in relation to known preparation processes it is difficult to maintain given granulometry lines. The invention proposes a preparation process which requires a small number of small silos and involves mixing and grading procedures with which granulometries are simple to adjust and can be kept within narrow tolerance ranges.

Abstract: The method for treating materials in liquids involves passing them with the liquid through a processing gap formed by a flow passage whose walls are closely spaced and move relative to one another transversely to the direction of flow, thereby producing "supra-kolmogoroff" mixing eddies in the gap, and at the same time applying ultrasonic longitudinal pressure oscillations that reverberate between the two closely spaced surfaces into the gap transversely to the direction of flow from transducers mounted on one wall, thereby producing "sub-Kolmogoroff" mixing eddies therein. The method is capable of rapidly producing relatively thick slurries of sub-micrometer particles that otherwise can take several days in conventional high shear mixers and ball or sand mills, or of rapidly dissolving difficultly soluble gases and powders into liquids.

Abstract: A method and system for recycling waste materials enables the treatment of masses of waste including thermosetting plastics materials, high-melting thermoplastics materials, aluminum, wood, paper, fabrics, etc. The mass of waste is first subjected to a grinding process, preferably in two stages, to reduce it to a maximum particle size of the order of 10 mm. The granular material thus produced undergoes a heating and mixing process and is then reduced to sheet or strip form and simultaneously cooled in order to undergo a scraping or shaving process which leads to the formation of a mass substantially comparable to a powder with a particle size of between 50 and 1000 microns, including a certain quantity of fibres.

Abstract: A method for preparing a calcined kaolin clay powder having good high shear rheology in high solids aqueous slurries. A kaolin clay powder of fine particle size is calcined at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient period to destroy the crystallinity thereof; and the calcined product is dry milled in a media mill, using a work input of from 100 to 160 hp-hr/ton of dry clay.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for recycling scrap film. The apparatus includes a washer-shredder upstream from a film cutter in order to remove impurities from the film. The scrap film is rinsed in a rinse loop which uses screen sieves for removing additional impurities, particularly paper fiber. The apparatus and method substantially reduce conventional problems with the film cutter caused by impurities which customarily are present in unwashed film. The invention is particularly useful for recycling very thin scrap film.

Abstract: Prior to entering a tumbling media mill grinding chamber, feed containing clumps of adherent fine and coarse particles is brought into jarring contact with a moving member for liberating fine particles. Liberated fines are contacted, outside the chamber, with a current of gas to remove them from the remainder of the feed. At least a portion of this remainder enters a bed of charge material in the chamber and is ground with the media. When an indicator of a developing or existing over-fed or under-fed condition in the bed is sensed, adjustment of the jarring intensity, of the gas velocity or of both is made in response to the indicator for increasing and decreasing the quantity of fine particles removed from the feed. A clump separator, having an enclosure, jarring member and coarse solids outlet, may be used to liberate fines. This outlet is connected with a coarse solids inlet to the chamber. A path other than the coarse solids outlet is provided for removing liberated fine particles from the enclosure.

Abstract: The present invention includes mulching apparatus and method for comminuting solid organic vegetation material including a housing having an inlet opening and an outlet opening, a power-driven, rotatable shaft mounted in said housing, a fan blade assembly driven by said shaft for propelling said solid material between said inlet opening and said outlet opening, a flinger assembly of flexible flinger bars rotatably driven by said shaft, each flinger bar comprising a substantially rigid bar member movably affixed pivotally on said flinger assembly and having a substantial inertial mass sufficient for reducing clogging. In one aspect, protective channel means are adapted to reduce clogging of said solid material and form a protective channel for flinger movement through said channel whereby said movably affixed flinger bar member is disposed to stand out radially from said rotatably driven flinger assembly while flexibly traversing through the channel.

Abstract: Apparatus for grinding particulate solid material in a substantially dry state, the apparatus comprising, means for introducing particulate solid material into a grinding chamber (4), a perforated base (8) of the grinding chamber (4) through which gas is introduced to provide an upward flow of gas passing through the particulate solid material and an impeller (42) rotating in the grinding chamber (4) to agitate the particulate solid material. The perforated base (8) has a central imperforate area (10) which causes the gas to pass preferentially through the region near the walls of the grinding chamber (4). In addition, a horizontal baffle plate (17) having a central opening (18) is positioned in the grinding chamber (4) at a height above the perforated base (8) which is not greater than one half of the transverse width of the grinding chamber (4).

Abstract: Materials such as cement clinker are crushed by utilizing a crushing apparatus including a vertical roller mill provided with a rotatable table and a plurality of rollers and a distributing device for distributing materials preliminarily crushed by the vertical roller mill. The materials to be crushed is fed into the vertical roller mill, the materials are crushed between the table and the rollers by a pressing force applied to the rollers and substantially the whole amount of the crushed materials is then taken out from the vertical roller mill and conveyed to the distributing device. The crushed materials once conveyed to the distributing device is returned partially as they are to the vertical roller mill and again crushed together with the materials newly fed into the vertical roller mill. The materials are returned to the vertical roller mill by about 20% or more in weight ratio with respect to the newly fed materials when cement clinker is utilized as the materials to be crushed.

Abstract: Apparatus for collecting, segmenting and conveying metal chips from machining operations utilizes a compressed gas driven vortex nozzle for receiving the chip and twisting it to cause the chip to segment through the application of torsional forces to the chip. The vortex nozzle is open ended and generally tubular in shape with a converging inlet end, a constant diameter throat section and a diverging exhaust end. Compressed gas is discharged through angled vortex ports in the nozzle throat section to create vortex flow in the nozzle and through an annular inlet at the entrance to the converging inlet end to create suction at the nozzle inlet and cause ambient air to enter the nozzle. The vortex flow in the nozzle causes the metal chip to segment and the segments thus formed to pass out of the discharge end of the nozzle where they are collected, cleaned and compacted as needed.

Abstract: In a method for producing milled grain products by means of repeated roll grinding and sifting of specific product fractions, the material to be milled is at least partially guided via double-grinding passes without intermediate sifting. An eight-roll mill is used for this purpose, which eight-roll mill is constructed as a double unit with two roll pairs arranged at a distance one above the other and can be used in quantity in a grain milling system or also in combination with single-grinding passes constructed as four-roll mills. Compared with the use of known four-roll mills, the economic efficiency of a mill is accordingly improved while completely retaining the adaptability of the mill to specific grinding tasks, the quality of the material to be milled and/or the ability to monitor the grinding process.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method and apparatus for recycling foamed polystyrene from municipal solid waste and more particularly, from fast food restaurant waste. A steady stream of waste is delivered to a flail mill for reducing particle size, a rotary trommel for eliminating undersized waste and a rotary air classifier for removing "heavy" waste from the stream. At this point, the waste stream comprises mostly paper and foamed polystyrene. The paper and foamed polystyrene are delivered to a water pulper which fiberizes the paper so that it can then be separated from the foamed polystyrene by passing it through a screen of selected mesh size to allow the water and paper pulp to pass through while retaining the foamed polystyrene.

Abstract: A method of making concrete sand includes grinding a mixture of medium stones 3, material sand 4, and water 5 in the inner milling chamber 2 of a first rotating cylindrical drum 1. The medium stones 3 are maintained to a height equal to 1/4 to 5/8 the inner diameter of the first cylindrical drum 1. The number of rotation of the first cylindrical drum 1 is decreased as the inner diameter of the same increases. The supply of the water 5 is controlled in precise or approximate proportion to the feeding of the material sand 4. The medium stones 3 are prepared by a novel manner from rubble stones 24 using a second cylindrical drum 11.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method is disclosed for processing wheat to produce white flour by substantially removing the bran layer from the endosperm and germ portions of the wheat grain and grinding the resulting wheat product to a relatively fine state in a roll and classification train that is much simpler than prior milling equipment. Thirteen grinds with intermediate sifting are replaced with one flattening and four grinding stations and three sifts. The initially tempered wheat is passed between spaced, smooth surfaced compression rolls which flatten the wheat grains and then directed between corrugated spiral breaking rolls rotated at different rotational rates with each roll having at least 20 surface corrugations per circumferential inch. The comminuted product is then directed between corrugated spiral grinding rolls rotated at different rotational rates and each having at least 26 corrugations per circumferential inch.

Abstract: Apparatus and processes for treating an incinerated waste material feedstock to obtain a "free-from-ash" ferrous metal product are disclosed which provide for early separation of the initial feedstock into a predominately ash stream and predominately ferrous metal stream by a two step separation based on size of the material and use of dual trommels or special bar screens and dual magnet arrangements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to apparatus for crushing brittle material for grinding, in which the material for grinding is first of all crushed in a roller mill under high pressure so that agglomerates are formed, then undergoes treatment to break up the agglomerates and afterwards is classified on a screen classifier, the oversize fraction is returned to the roller mill and the proportion of the product passing through the screen classifier is passed to a closed-circuit grinding arrangement. Such a method is distinguished by a uniform grinding operation in both crushing stages, requires low energy consumption for conveying the material for grinding from the first crushing stage to the second crushing stage and thus permits a greater spatial distance between the two crushing stages.

Abstract: A method for the high volume manufacture of Fe-B-R-T alloy powders without sacrificing the resultant magnetic properties (such as intrinsic magnetic coercivity) of the alloy involves hydrogen decrepitation of vacuum cast or die-upset billets of the alloy. Hydriding is carried out at a partial pressure of hydrogen of between 250 and 760 mm Hg at 100.degree. to 500.degree. C. for 30 minutes to 6 hours or longer, depending upon load size. Dehydriding occurs in a vacuum below 10.sup.-2 mm Hg or in an inert atmosphere possessing a partial pressure of hydrogen below 10.sup.-2 mm Hg. The alloy powder is preferably incorporated in matrix or composite magnets by the addition of a binder prior to pressing and orienting. The binder may set during pressing in a hot die, or by heating after pressing in a cold die.

Abstract: Scrap goods (S), for example, electronic and electrical apparatus, components, cables and the like are intermittently and alternately mechanically crushed (1,3), magnetically separated (2) and mechanically-physically separated, for example, by means of electrostatic separators (5, 10-12). With the crushing, the dust produced is pneumatically gathered and filtered out (22,9). A non-metal fraction (A) as well as a magnetic (B) and non-magnetic fraction (C) are produced separately as granules and dust. The metal fractions (B, C) are suitable for further pyrolysis-free, wet chemistry and/or electrolytic separation. The non-metallic fraction is capable of being precipitated. The method is noted for its minimal energy consumption and high environmental compatibility.

Abstract: The compound grinding apparatus comprises a roller mill and rollers, installed in one body and fixed in such a way that they can be rotated relative their own axes of symmetry which are above a slewing table with a rotation drive and a rotating air separator fixed above the roller mill and made in the form of a screened rotor installed inside an impingement ring and equipped with a controlled rotation drive, the unique feature of which is that with the aim of specific power consumption reduction for required grinding degree, capacity increase and improvement of grinding quality it is equipped with a jet grinder with the material circulation units and feed pipelines which end in nozzles elements connected with a pressure source, the jet grinder being mounted between the roller mill and the air separator inside the same body.

Abstract: In autogenous grinding of mineral material in a grinding mill with a screening wall a method is provided for enabling the removal of at least three different fractions without the need of the screening wall being divided into sectors, thus increasing grinding material turnover and grinding capacity, by passing through openings (8) distributed over the screening wall (7) a mixed material fraction containing all material fractions having a maximum particle size less than or equal to the largest size opening for screening coarse material in the size intended for use as a grinding charge in a further mill (23) and dividing up the mixed material fraction into at least three fractions in a classifying apparatus (13), by always taking out from the classifying apparatus (13) at least a fine fraction, a coarse fraction and a medium coarse fraction, the latter two fractions being kept separate for permitting, as required, diversion (38) of the coarse material fraction as grinding charge to following grinding steps, the

Abstract: A process for the purification of soil contaminated with organic material is provided. The preferred process generally involves superposed attrition and classification processes, which lead to removal and concentration of highly contaminated fractions. The process may also include a step of flotation whereby hydrophobic materials in the soil are released to an interface with air bubbles, and are floated to the top of a flotation cell. In preferred processes according to the present invention, soil to be treated is extracted from a contaminated site, and is broken into relatively small particles. These particles are preferably treated in attrition and classification steps, to remove fine, slow settling contaminated materials such as wood and fine soil materials. The resulting isolated coarser materials are then treated by flotation for a final polishing step.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method is disclosed for processing wheat to produce white flour by substantially removing the bran layer from the endosperm and germ portions of the wheat grain and grinding the resulting wheat product to a relatively fine state in a roll and classification train that is much simpler than prior milling equipment. Thirteen grinds with intermediate sifting are replaced with one flattening and four grinding stations and three sifts. The initially tempered wheat is passed between spaced, smooth surfaced compression rolls which flatten the wheat grains and then directed between corrugated spiral breaking rolls rotated at different rotational rates with each roll having at least 20 surface corrugations per circumferential inch. The comminuted product is then directed between corrugated spiral grinding rolls rotated at different rotational rates and each having at least 26 corrugations per circumferential inch.

Abstract: A grinding system for grinding brittle material such as used in the manufacture of cement including a high pressure roller press operated with high pressing forces to form interparticle crushing with incipient cracks in the interior of the particles including recirculating a portion of the material delivered from the press to a sifter locating the sifter directly above the nip and delivering the sifted material downwardly into the nip retaining the structural height of the system low and delivering fresh stock laterally directly into the nip of the roller press to merge with the sifted material entering directly into the nip of the roller press.

Abstract: In a rare earth-iron-boron alloy magnet powder, each individual particle includes a recrystallized grain structure containing a R.sub.2 Fe.sub.14 B intermetallic compound phase as a principal phase thereof, wherein R represents a rare earth element. The intermetallic compound phase are formed of recrystallized grains of a tetragonal crystal structure having an average crystal grain size of 0.05 .mu.m to 50 .mu.m. For producing the above magnet powder, a rear earth-iron-boron alloy material is first prepared. Then, hydrogen is occluded inot the alloy material by holding the material at a temperature of 500.degree. C. to 1,000.degree. C. either in an atmosphere of hydrogen gas or in an atmosphere of hydrogen and inert gases. Subsequently, the alloy material is subjected to dehydrogenation at a temperature of 500.degree. C. to 1,000.degree. C. until the pressure of hydrogen in the atmosphere is decreased to no greater than 1.times.10.sup.-1 torr, and is subjected to cooling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for processing domestic, industrial and other like waste with the production of a cellulose material in which the waste material is subjected to pre-comminution, magnetic separation, air-classification and fractionating. It is primarily characterized in that the light fraction consisting of paper, textiles and plastics material separated in the air-classification is passed to a washing station and the washed air-floatable materials passed into a pulper, the ballast substances are removed following the treatment in the pulper by means of screening and the cellulose particles distributed in the water that pass the screen are introduced, directly or after pressing out the water, to a paper mill that may be associated with the plant, or the pressed cellulose particles are dried and recovered as powder.

Abstract: A process for recycling an asphalt-containing waste product, that comprises breaking up an asphalt-containing waste product in a liquid to produce a wet waste product mixture having particles no greater in size than 10 mesh and at least some of which are asphalt-containing particles. Thereafter the wet waste product mixture is directly used to produce a new asphalt product. New asphalt products are produced entirely or partly from the wet waste product mixture.

Abstract: To produce Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -containing ceramic film casting mixtures for thin-film circuits, unground, calcined alumina with low primary particle size and high reactivity is ground, optionally together with a solvent mixture, then the binder or a mixture of a plurality of different binders and the plasticizer or a mixture of a plurality of different plasticizers are added and the mixture is ground again until the alumina reaches a particle size of 2-10 .mu.m. The alumina, optionally together with a sintering aid, may first be ground alone in the solvent or the solvent mixture for 24 to 72 hours. The sintering aid or sintering aids may also be first ground in the solvent or the solvent mixture and the alumina added to the suspension obtained.