Abstract: A conductive paste composition for a solar cell contains a conductive powder, a glass frit, and a vehicle. The glass fit includes glass containing SO2 within a range of 0.05 to 5.0 (mol %) in terms of oxide.

Abstract: Formulations and methods of making solar cell contacts and cells therewith are disclosed. The invention provides a photovoltaic cell comprising a front contact, a back contact, and a rear contact. The back contact comprises, prior to firing, a passivating layer onto which is applied a paste, comprising aluminum, a glass component, wherein the aluminum paste comprises, aluminum, another optional metal, a glass component, and a vehicle. The back contact comprises, prior to firing, a passivating layer onto which is applied an aluminum paste, wherein the aluminum paste comprises aluminum, a glass component, and a vehicle.

Abstract: An anisotropic conductive adhesive which uses conductive particles where a silver-based metal is used as a conductive layer, having high light reflectance and excellent migration resistance is provided. The anisotropic conductive adhesive includes light reflective conductive particles in an insulating adhesive resin. The light reflective conductive particle includes a light reflective metal layer made of a metal having at least 60% of reflectance at a peak wavelength of 460 nm formed on the surface of a resin particle as a core, and a coating layer made of a silver alloy formed on the surface of the light reflective metal layer. The light reflective metal layer is preferably formed by a plating method.

Abstract: A metal nanoparticle composition includes water and a water-soluble polymer having both carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid groups. Silver nanoparticles are dispersed in the water and the weight ratio of the polymer to silver is from 0.008 to 0.1.

Abstract: The invention provides an electroconductive paste comprising metallic particles and an organic vehicle comprising an aldehyde resin and a solvent. The invention also provides an electroconductive paste comprising metallic particles comprising at least two types of metallic particles selected from the group consisting of a first metallic particle having an average particle size d50 of at least about 1 ?m and no more than about 4 ?m, a second metallic particle having a d50 of at least about 8 ?m and no more than about 11.5 ?m, and a third metallic particle having d50 of at least about 5 ?m and no more than about 8 ?m, and an organic vehicle. The invention further provides an article comprising a glass substrate comprising a transparent conductive oxide coating and a conductive electrode formed by applying aforementioned conductive paste on said glass substrate, and a method of producing such an article.

Abstract: A conductive article includes a metal nanoparticle composition formed on a substrate. The metal nanoparticle composition includes silver nanoparticles and a polymer having both carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid groups. The weight ratio of the polymer to silver is 0.0005 to 0.04.

Abstract: A conductive silver via paste comprising particulate conductive silver, a vanadium-phosphorus-antimony-zinc-based-oxide, a tellurium-boron-phosphorus-based-oxide or a tellurium-molybdenum-cerium-based-oxide and an organic vehicle is particularly useful in providing the metallization of the holes in the silicon wafers of MWT solar cells. The result is a metallic electrically conductive via between the collector lines on the front side and the emitter electrode on the back-side of the solar cell. The paste can also be used to form the collector lines on the front-side of the solar cell and the emitter electrode on the back-side of the solar cell. Also disclosed are metal-wrap-through silicon solar cells comprising the fired conductive silver paste.

Abstract: To provide an electrically conductive adhesive, which contains: a curable resin; electrically conductive particles: a curing agent; and a black colorant consisting of titanium black, wherein the electrically conductive particles are silver-coated copper powder, and wherein the electrically conductive adhesive is configured to connect an electrode of a solar battery cell with tab wire.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive paste characterized by a crystal-based corrosion binder being combined with a glass frit and mixed with a metallic powder and an organic carrier. Methods for preparing each components of the conductive paste are disclosed including several embodiments of prepare Pb—Te—O-based crystal corrosion binder characterized by melting temperatures in a range of 440° C. to 760° C. and substantially free of any glass softening transition upon increasing temperature. Method for preparing the conductive paste includes mixture of the components and a grinding process to ensure all particle sizes in a range of 0.1 to 5.0 microns. Method of applying the conductive paste for the formation of a front electrode of a semiconductor device is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the crystal-based corrosion binder in transforming the conductive paste to a metallic electrode with good ohmic contact with semiconductor surface.

Abstract: A light-reflective conductive particle for an anisotropic conductive adhesive used for anisotropic conductive connection of a light-emitting element to a wiring board includes a core particle coated with a metal material and a light-reflecting layer formed from light-reflective inorganic particles having a refractive index of 1.52 or more on a surface of the core particle. Examples of the light-reflective inorganic particles having a refractive index of 1.52 or more include titanium oxide particles, zinc oxide particles, or aluminum oxide particles.

Abstract: An article is disclosed comprising a network-like pattern of conductive traces formed of at least partially-joined nanoparticles that define randomly-shaped cells that are generally transparent to light and contain a transparent filler material. In a preferred embodiment, the filler material is conductive such as a metal oxide or a conductive polymer. In another preferred embodiment, the filler material is an adhesive that is can be used to transfer the network from one substrate to another. A preferred method of forming the article is also disclosed wherein an emulsion containing the nanoparticles in the solvent phase and the filler material in the water phase is coated onto a substrate. The emulsion is dried and the nanoparticles self-assemble to form the traces and the filler material is deposited in the cells. An electroluminescent device is also disclosed wherein the article of the invention forms a transparent electrode in the device.

Abstract: Provided is a conductive paste, an electrode for a semiconductor device manufactured by using the conductive paste, a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device. The conductive paste includes conductive powder made of a plurality of conductive particles and silver powder made of a plurality of silver particles. The conductive particles includes a base material made of ceramics and a conductive layer configured to cover at least a part of an outer surface of the base material. The ratio of the mass of the conductive layer relative to the total mass of the conductive particles is 10% or more by mass, and the ratio of the mass of the conductive powder relative to the total mass of the conductive powder and the silver powder is 25% or less by mass.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electroconductive thick film paste composition comprising Ag and a Pb-free bismuth-tellurium oxide both dispersed in an organic medium, wherein the paste is fireable at temperatures below 420° C. The paste is especially useful for forming electrodes on substrates such as glass or films, particularly electrochromic glass or films, that would be damaged by higher firing temperatures. The present invention is further directed to a device comprising an electrode formed from the paste composition and, in particular, to an electrochromic device comprising such an electrode.

Abstract: An electrically conductive paste providing low alpha particle emission is provided. A resin and conductive particles are mixed, and a curing agent is added. A solvent is subsequently added. The electrically conductive paste including a resin compound is formed by mixing the mixture in a high shear mixer. The electrically conductive paste can be applied to a surface of an article to form a coating, or can be molded into an article. The solvent is evaporated, and the electrically conductive paste is cured to provide a graphite-containing resin compound. The graphite-containing resin compound is electrically conductive, and provides low alpha particle emission at a level suitable for a low alpha particle emissivity coating.

Abstract: A conductive composition includes at least: a) metal conductive fibers having an average minor axis length of from 1 nm to 150 nm; and b) a compound represented by the following Formula (1) or Formula (2) in an amount of from 0.

Abstract: The present invention is an electroconductive particle for forming an electrode including a precious metal particle including Pt or a Pt alloy and having an average particle diameter of 50 to 150 nm, a first ceramic particle including Al2O3 or ZrO2 dispersed in the precious metal particle and having an average particle diameter of 5 to 50 nm, and a second ceramic particle including Al2O3 or ZrO2 bonded to an outer periphery of the precious metal particle and having an average particle diameter of 5 to 50 nm. The sum of the volume of the first ceramic particle and the volume of the second ceramic particle is preferably 2 to 40 vol % based on the whole electroconductive particle. A metal paste containing the electroconductive particle according to the invention is one from which an electrode film of low resistance and excellent durability can be manufactured and further excellent in adherence and conformability to a substrate.

Abstract: A detectable taggant is described. The detectable taggant may include at least one nano-antenna having a resonant frequency of about 300 GHz to about 800 THz. The nano-antenna is adapted to be physically or chemically associated with an article of manufacture.

Abstract: A conductive composition includes: a) metal conductive fibers having an average minor axis length of from 1 nm to 150 nm; and b) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a monosaccharide and a derivative thereof, in an amount of from 0.005% by mass to 0.05% by mass with respect to the metal conductive fibers.

Abstract: An electrically conductive paste providing low alpha particle emission is provided. A resin and conductive particles are mixed, and a curing agent is added. A solvent is subsequently added. The electrically conductive paste including a resin compound is formed by mixing the mixture in a high shear mixer. The electrically conductive paste can be applied to a surface of an article to form a coating, or can be molded into an article. The solvent is evaporated, and the electrically conductive paste is cured to provide a graphite-containing resin compound. The graphite-containing resin compound is electrically conductive, and provides low alpha particle emission at a level suitable for a low alpha particle emissivity coating.

Abstract: A conductive paste is provided. The conductive paste includes a conductive powder and a resin composition. The resin composition includes a polyester acrylate oligomer, a hydroxyalkyl acrylate (HAA) and a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) derivative. The conductive powder and the resin composition have a weight ratio of 40-85:15-60. The polyester acrylate oligomer, the hydroxyalkyl acrylate (HAA) and the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) derivative have a weight ratio of 15-70:10-60:3-40.

Abstract: The process for making silver powder particles with small size crystallites uses a combination of gum arabic and maleic acid with the reduction of a silver salt with ascorbic acid, Silver thick film paste containing these silver powder particles can be used in electronic applications to form electrodes for semiconductor devices and, in particular, solar cells.

Abstract: A lead-free conductive compound for a solar cell electrode including: a conductive powder; a glass frit; and a vehicle; the glass fit includes at least one kind of lead-free glass including 10 to 29 (mol %) of Bi2O3, 15 to 30 (mol %) of ZnO, 0 to 20 (mol %) of SiO2, 20 to 33 (mol %) of B2O3, and a total sum 8 to 21 (mol %) of Li2O, Na2O and K2O which are contained in a ratio with respect to a whole of a glass compound in terms of oxides.

Abstract: The present invention relates new compounds and to an organic electronic device comprising at least one substantially organic layer comprising a non fully conjugated chemical compound, which compound is preferably used in electron transport layers, electron injection layers. The invention also includes a process for preparing an organic electronic device, wherein the substantially organic layer comprising a non fully conjugated chemical compound is deposited on a first layer, and a second layer is deposited on the substantially organic layer, preferably a cathode being deposited on the substantially organic layer comprising the non fully conjugated chemical compound.

Abstract: There is provided a conductive resin composition including 10 to 50 wt % of a gel type silicon rubber such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and 50 to 90 wt % of conductive metal powder particles.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a conductive paste for solar cell, including the following composition: (a) a silver powder; (b) a filler which can be coated with a conductor; (c) a glass frit; and further (d) a dispersing agent, an organic vehicle, and at least one additive. The filler, especially conductor coated, is used to replace part of silver powder as an ingredient of the conductive paste and thus reduces manufacturing cost without conductivity diminishing. This conductive paste can be utilized to form the front-side electrode of the substrate for solar cell.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a conductive fine particle for producing a metal paste that can produce an electrode film having a low resistance, and a metal paste utilizing the conductive fine particle. The present invention is a conductive particle for electrode formation having a core/shell structure, and the conductive particle comprises a core particle made of Pt or a Pt alloy and having a particle diameter of 10 to 200 nm, and a shell made of a ceramic containing Al2O3 or ZrO2 and covers at least a part of the core particle, wherein the ceramic constituting the shell is added in an amount of 0.5 to 15% by weight based on the core particle to cover the core. The core particle is preferably Pt or a Pt alloy alloyed with Pd, Au, Ag, or Rh.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a thick film silver paste comprising (i) silver, (ii) Al2O3, and (iii) a Pb—Te—O all dispersed in an organic medium. The present invention is further directed to an electrode formed from the paste and a semiconductor device and, in particular, a solar cell comprising such an electrode. The electrodes provide good adhesion and good electrical performance.

Abstract: A silver-based ink goes through several changes during the drying and firing process to change from a printable ink to a conductive silver film. The formulation of the ink is selected to optimize this process of changes and to produce a dense silver layer with adhesion to the substrate sufficient to prevent silver layer blistering and delamination.

Abstract: A composition for solar cell electrodes, a solar cell electrode prepared from the composition, a solar cell, and a method of manufacturing the same, the composition including silver powder; silver iodide; glass frit; and an organic vehicle, wherein the silver iodide is present in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 30 wt %, based on a total weight of the composition.

Abstract: A method is presented for fabricating an anode preloaded with consumable metals. The method provides a material (X), which may be one of the following materials: carbon, metals able to be electrochemically alloyed with a metal (Me), intercalation oxides, electrochemically active organic compounds, and combinations of the above-listed materials. The method loads the metal (Me) into the material (X). Typically, Me is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or a combination of the two. As a result, the method forms a preloaded anode comprising Me/X for use in a battery comprising a M1YM2Z(CN)N·MH2O cathode, where M1 and M2 are transition metals. The method loads the metal (Me) into the material (X) using physical (mechanical) mixing, a chemical reaction, or an electrochemical reaction. Also provided is preloaded anode, preloaded with consumable metals.

Abstract: A composition for solar cell electrodes, a solar cell electrode prepared from the composition, and a method of manufacturing the same, the composition including silver powder; silver nitrate; glass frit; and an organic vehicle, wherein the silver nitrate is present in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 30 wt %, based on a total weight of the composition.

Abstract: Solvent systems and dispersions including such solvent systems for use in compositions including metals and inks are provided. In certain examples, the solvent systems may be used with capped metal particles to provide a dispersion that may be used to print conductive lines.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate having an electrode formed thereon, the electrode including at least silver and glass frit, the electrode including: a multi-layered structure with a first electrode layer joined directly to the semiconductor substrate, and an upper electrode layer formed of at least one layer and disposed on the first electrode layer. The upper electrode layer is formed by firing a conductive paste having a total silver content of 75 wt % or more and 95 wt % or less, the content of silver particles having an average particle diameter of 4 ?m or greater and 8 ?m or smaller with respect to the total silver content in the upper electrode layer being higher than that in the first electrode layer.

Abstract: A metal nanoparticle composition includes an organic-stabilized metal nanoparticle and a solvent in which the solvent selected has the following Hansen solubility parameters: a dispersion parameter of about 16 MPa0.5 or more, and a sum of a polarity parameter and a hydrogen bonding parameter of about 8.0 MPa0.5 or less. The metal nanoparticle composition is suitable for printing conductive lines that are uniform, smooth and narrow on various substrate surfaces. The metal nanoparticle composition is able to form printed conductive features having a coffee ring effect ratio of about 1.2 to about 0.8, a surface roughness of about 15 or less and a line width of about 200 microns or less.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a composition for gravure offset printing, including 7-92 parts by weight of a functional material, 1-76 parts by weight of a polymer, 4-13 parts by weight of a solvent, and 1-2.5 parts by weight of an additive, wherein a surface tension of the composition is between 20-40 mN/m. The disclosure further provides a gravure offset printing process, including providing a template containing a gravure pattern, filling the composition in the gravure pattern of the template, transferring the composition from the template onto a blanket, and transferring the composition from the blanket to a substrate, wherein a transfer ratio of the composition from the blanket to the substrate is above 80%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to adhesives that are suitable for use as electrically conductive materials in the fabrication of electronic devices, integrated circuits, semiconductor devices, passive components, solar cells, solar modules, and/or light emitting diodes. The adhesive of the present invention comprises one or more epoxy resins, silver-coated particles having a silver content of 2 to 30 wt.-%, based on the total amount of the silver-coated particles, and one or more amine-epoxy adducts, comprising one or more functional groups, each derived from an alkyl-substituted nitrogen-containing heterocycle.

Abstract: A glass frit includes at least three metal oxides selected from the group of lead oxide, silicon oxide, tellurium oxide, bismuth oxide, zinc oxide, and tungsten oxide, wherein the glass frit exhibits a phase transition peak in the range of about 300° C. to about 600° C. on a cooling curve obtained via an TG-DTA analysis while a mixture of the glass frit and silver powder, obtained by mixing the glass frit with the silver powder in a weight ratio of 1:1, is cooled at a cooling rate of 10° C./min, after heating the mixture to 850° C. at a heating rate of 20° C./min and held there for a wait-time of 10 minutes.

Abstract: In one aspect, embodiments are provided of metal coated fillers that include porous filler particles having pores and metal particles coated on the filler particles and inside the pores. In an exemplary embodiment, the weight of metal particles on the porous filler particles and inside the pores may range from 100 percent to 400 percent of the weight of the porous filler particles. The porous filler particles may have a porosity from 30 percent to 99 percent.

Abstract: A conductive ink comprises nanosilver particles, and adhesion promoters, in which no binders, such as polymers or resins, are used in the compositions. In one embodiment the adhesion promoters are oxydianiline and 4,4-(1,3-phenylenedioxy)dianiline.

Abstract: A conductive reflective film which is formed by calcining a substrate on which a composition containing metal nanoparticles is coated, the conductive reflective film including pores which appear on the film contact surface in the substrate side having an average diameter of 100 nm or less, an average depth of 100 nm or less in terms of position of the pores, and a number density of the pores of 30 pores/?m2 or less.

Abstract: A conductive metal composition comprising 40 to 88 wt % of silver particles having an average particle size in the range of 10 to 100 nm and having an aspect ratio of 3 to 1:1, 2 to 20 wt % of a poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) resin having a weight-average molar mass of 50,000 to 500,000 and 10 to 58 wt % of a solvent for the poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) resin.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for using a polymer thick film conductor composition to form an electrical conductor in an electrical circuit, the method subjecting the deposited thick film conductor composition to lamination. The invention also provides a method for reducing the resistance of an electrical conductor formed from a polymer thick film conductor composition, the method comprising the step of subjecting the electrical conductor to lamination. The invention further provides devices containing electrical conductors made by these methods.

Abstract: The invention has for its object to provide a process of producing a conducting material suitable for being filled in TSVs for LSI chip 3D package, etc. A solution containing a monomer that provides a conducting polymer, anions, and metal ions such as Ag+ or Cu2+ is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation or light having the energy necessary for exciting electrons up to an energy level capable of reducing the metal ions to precipitate a conducting polymer/metal composite. This enables an electrical conductor of high electrical conductivity to be precipitated faster than could be achieved by conventional processes.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a silicon semiconductor device, and a conductive thick film composition for use in a solar cell device.

Abstract: A paste for solar cell electrodes includes conductive particles, a glass frit, an organic vehicle, and lead oxide. The lead oxide may be added in an amount of about 0.05 to about 1.5 wt % with respect to a total weight of the paste.

Abstract: Disclosed are lead free glass frit powder for manufacturing a silicon solar cell, its producing method, a metal paste composition containing the same and a silicon solar cell. The lead free glass frit powder for manufacturing a silicon solar cell includes Bi2O3; B2O3; and any one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of ZnO, Al2O3 and BaCO3, or mixtures thereof. The glass frit powder is free of lead, and thus, it is environmental friendly. A front electrode of a solar cell formed using the glass frit powder has low resistance against contact with a substrate and high adhesion to the substrate.

Abstract: According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are provided of thermoelectric materials, which embodiments may have improved figure of merit. In one exemplary embodiment, a thermoelectric material generally includes bismuth telluride nanoparticles, which may be undoped or doped with at least one or more of silver, antimony, tin, and/or a combination thereof. The bismuth telluride nanoparticles may be dispersed in a matrix material comprising particulate bismuth telluride. Methods for making undoped and doped bismuth telluride nanoparticles are also disclosed, which may include a solvothermal method for making bismuth telluride nanoparticles having a size ranging from 1 to 200 nanometers.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and manufactures are disclosed for an ultraviolet-curable conductive ink and for a binding medium which may be utilized for both a dielectric ink and for a conductive ink. A representative ultraviolet-curable binding medium composition comprises: a difunctional aliphatic polycarbonate urethane acrylate oligomer; a monofunctional monomer such as an isophoryl acrylate monomer or an acrylate ester monomer; a difunctional monomer such as a difunctional alkoxylated acrylate or methacrylate monomer; a first photoinitiator such as an ?-hydroxyketone class photoinitiator; and a second photoiniator such as an ?-aminoketone class photoinitiator. A plurality of conductive particles, such as silver particles and graphene particles, may be included in the binding medium to provide an ultraviolet-curable conductive ink and, when cured, a conductive layer or wire, for example.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adhesive layer for an electrical connection. The adhesive layer includes a base resin; an ionic optical-curing agent; an optical curing accelerant; and a conductive particle having a size of several to several tens nanometers, wherein the adhesive layer is cured by a UV light, and the UV light is diffused by the optical curing accelerant.

Abstract: A conductive composition includes a mono-acid hybrid that includes an unprotected, single reactive group. The mono-acid hybrid may include substantially non-reactive groups elsewhere such that the mono-acid hybrid is functional as a chain terminator. Methods and devices using the compositions are also disclosed.