Abstract: A warm air furnace and method for securing a thermostat to a wall of a warm air furnace utilizes a thermostat mounting flange which has its ends forced inwardly into openings formed in a wall of the furnace, and the thermostat may be secured to the wall of the furnace without the use of screws.

Abstract: Method for the local forming of material tending towards brittle fracture, such as certain aluminum alloys, in which during the forming tensile loads are exerted on the material, such as for example in joggle joining. Brittle fracture is avoided if the material is subjected to a pressure load in the region which is to be formed.

Abstract: A method and a tool set for joining superposed metal sheets are disclosed. In a first step, a preferably ring-shaped free space is provided by dislocating material of at least one sheet. Thereafter, material of all sheets is squeezed within the confines of the free space whereby material flows laterally into the free space producing an interengaging form lock.

Abstract: A reel-to-reel tape cartridge includes two tape guides for guiding the tape to and from respective tape reels. The tape guides have a large radius of curvature and are flanged to form a long trough to guide and align the tape to improve tape tracking. The tape guides are formed of two flange pieces separated by a tape surface piece and a post. Each flange piece is generally semi-circular and includes three notches which receive tabs on the tape surface piece to secure the tape surface piece. The tape surface piece is formed as a type of leaf spring that is loaded when it is assembled between the flange pieces. The post can be cylindrical or flat.

Abstract: A pallet container (1) for liquids has a replaceable inner container (2) made of sheet metal, an outer jacket (6) made of latticework, as well as a pallet (9)in the form of a bottom tray (10), which receives the bottom (16) of the inner container. The inner container (2)is made of sheet steel, preferably constructed as a double-walled structure, and is welded together from a jacket (11), a bottom part (12) and a cover (13). For the production of the inner container, a rectangular sheet-metal blank is bent to form a pipe element, whose mating edges are welded lengthwise. The pipe element is stretched to form a jacket of rectangular cross section. Then, a peripheral bead with a V-shaped cross section in each of the two end areas of the jacket is formed at a distance from its edges, which then are cut. Then, the deep-drawn, tray-shaped bottom part with a rounded edge is superposed or joined exactly to the outer sides of one bead of the jacket and the bottom part is attached to the jacket.

Abstract: A spin-on filter includes a baseplate secured to an end cover and further includes a filter element disposed in a canister having an open end. The end cover is secured to the open end of the canister by seaming a flange formed at the edge of the end cover with a flange formed at the end of the canister. An end cap which is secured to the filter element is trapped between the baseplate and the seamed flanges, thereby securing the filter element in the canister and avoiding the need of a helical spring for urging the filter element toward the baseplate.

Abstract: A method for forming a structural member, the method comprising the steps of placing a first sheet member having a length dimension greater than a width dimension in a press, placing a second sheet member having a length dimension greater than a width dimension in the press, the second member only partially overlapping the first member, the first member only partially overlapping the second member, and the direction of the length dimension of the second member being angled relative to the direction of the length dimension of the first member, and closing the press to shape the first member and the second member.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a mechanical lock between two surfaces by providing particulate granules between the surfaces and forcing the surfaces toward one another at a pressure sufficient to embed a substantial number of the particulate granules in both of the surfaces. The method is preferably utilized during the formation of a hem flange, so as to provide immediate handling strength to the hem flange without the need for adhesive compositions.

Abstract: In a process for producing a heat exchanger comprising at least one header having a tubular wall is separated into compartments by a substantially disc-shaped transverse partition. The partition is introduced into the tubular wall through an open end of the wall to bring it into the position it has to occupy. Then, the partition is deformed by means of punches comprising annular ribs applied against the two faces thereof by expanding it radially so as to immobilize into position by clamping within the tubular wall. The invention is particularly applicable to condensers for air conditioning units of motor vehicles.

Abstract: A series of related clinch joints as well as methods and apparatus for forming these joints are disclosed. All of the leak proof drawings are capable of being fabricated using a solid non-radially expandable die having a recessed cavity formed therein for cooperation with a corresponding punch having a solid punch projection. The clearance between the punch and the die recess are specifically sized relative to the material thickness to achieve optimum fastening characteristics. Several joint embodiments utilize variable clearance between the punch and the die to minimize strength variability resulting from changing material thickness. Alternative lance type and leak proof joints utilize a variable clearance between the punch and the die to achieve both high, shear and peel strength in a single joint design.

Abstract: A method of joining a frame tube to a lug, including steps of making through holes on the lug, squeezing a first elastomer to deform the frame tube causing a plurality of outward projections raised from the frame tube and engaging the through holes, then inserting a reinforcing tube into the frame tube after removal of the first elastomer and then squeezing a second elastomer to deform the reinforcing tube causing a plurality of outward projections raised from the reinforcing tube to engage the inside wall of the frame tube.

Abstract: An assembly of two components comprises a male member and a female member, the latter having a shoulder, with the male member abutted against the shoulder in back-to-back relationship. The female member has a groove. The male member is worked so as to cause its material to invade at least part of this groove in plastic flow. The groove is located beside the periphery of the shoulder having the larger diameter (i.e. the outer periphery of the shoulder), so that the plastic flow of the material of the male member takes place radially outwardly. Arrangements are also provided for sealing the assembly of the two components. The invention is applicable, for example, to torsion dampers for motor vehicles.

Abstract: A process for producing sheet-metal jackets, especially for pallet containers with an inner container of a synthetic resin, wherein a rectangular cut-to-size sheet-metal blank, the narrow sides of which are folded over into rims, is bent into a tubular member (15), and the rims (11a, 12a) of the tubular member (15) are hooked together. From the interlocked rims (11a, 12a), a series of spaced-apart connecting straps (16) is shaped by cutting and embossing toward the outside in a series parallel to the rims (11a, 12a) while leaving undeformed the rims between the spaced-apart portions. The rims (11a, 12a) are locked with respect to each other by a wire (17) pulled through the connecting straps (16), and the thusproduced tubular member (15) is shaped on a stretching press into a sheet-metal jacket.

Abstract: For closing Pittsburgh-type rectilinear seams, as in conventional sheet metal heating and air conditioning ducts. The present machine, with only a single seaming roll, closes seams through 45.degree. to 90.degree. on an advancing stroke, and burnishes them on the return stroke. The machine functions without adjustment throughout substantially the entire range of sheet metal thicknesses normally utilized. Of particular advantage in manufacturing duct sections having integral end flanges, only an initial short length of seam need be peened manually before the duct elements to be seemed are clamped in place for completion. Workplace noise is greatly reduced.

Abstract: A starter head for an internal combustion engine features a starter pinion, a driving head, two half rings and a securing cap. In a method of making this starter head: a set of chamfers is formed on the outer periphery of the securing cap so as to form, by local flow of the material of the cap, a set of internal projecting nibs in alignment with the chamfers; the starter pinion is positioned with respect to the driving sleeve; the two half rings are positioned against a camming cage associated with the driving sleeve, thereby completing a sub-assembly; the securing cap is positioned on the said sub-assembly; and the securing cap is reformed in such a way that the half rings become embedded in the nibs.

Abstract: A screwdriver is provided with a handle including an insert and an O-ring wherein the O-ring is positioned between the insert and a shoulder in the opening into the handle. A bit is held in the handle by the O-ring. A method of assembly is provided wherein an O-ring and an insert member are positioned around a shaft of a bit and then the bit is inserted into a handle, followed by the O-ring and the insert. The bit is removed from the handle leaving the O-ring positioned between the insert and a shoulder of the handle, for subsequent receipt of the same end of the bit, another end of the bit, or a different bit.

Abstract: A jet burner construction, a heating apparatus utilizing the jet burner construction and methods of making the same are provided, the jet burner construction comprising a burner body having a chamber therein and having an inlet leading to the chamber for directing fuel from a fuel source therein and an outlet leading from the chamber and defining an outlet opening through which the fuel is adapted to issue from the chamber to burn externally to the burner body, the burner construction having an insert disposed in the outlet opening, the insert having a central opening part passing therethrough and a plurality of spaced apart opening portions passing therethrough whereby flows of fuel respectively issuing out of the portions and the central part of the insert merge together in a turbulent manner externally of the outlet opening, the burner body being formed of two generally similar integral and one-piece body sections secured together in superimposed relation and each having generally one-half of the outlet op

Abstract: The present invention provides a tamper-resistant fluid-operated brake actuator having a power spring housed within a head or cap which is attached to a flange case having one or more diaphragms or pistons responsive to changes of fluid pressure within the brake actuator chambers. In one embodiment, the head is attached to the flange case by a substantially continuous curvilinear annular metal retaining member which must be inelastically deformed or destroyed in order to remove the head from the flange case, thus rendering tampering more difficult. In another embodiment, the annular metal retaining member of the present invention is integral with the actuator head and which is metal-spun or the like onto the flange case.

Abstract: A series of related clinch joints as well as methods and apparatus for forming these joints are disclosed. All of the leak proof drawings are capable of being fabricated using a solid non-radially expandable die having a recessed cavity formed therein for cooperation with a corresponding punch having a solid punch projection. The clearance between the punch and the die recess are specifically sized relative to the material thickness to achieve optimum fastening characteristics. Several joint embodiments utilize variable clearance between the punch and the die to minimize strength variability resulting from changing material thickness. Alternative lance type and leak proof joints utilize a variable clearance between the punch and the die to achieve both high, shear and peel strength in a single joint design.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method of forming a self sustained cladding panel 10 for use in a cladding panel system for a building using a resilient metal or metal alloy sheet material. The panels have a central visible portion 12 and longitudinally extending side edges 14, 16. The central visible portion has, in its relaxed state, a shape which is significantly different from the intended final shape and the panel is subsequently formed so that its central visible portion is resiliently formed into the final shape, with a resilient deformation taking place within the elastic range of the sheet material. The panel is then retained in this final shape by interconnecting the longitudinally extending side edges 14, 16 either continuously or by spaced elements such as clips.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tamper-resistant fluid-operated brake actuator having a power spring housed within a head or cap which is attached to a flange case having one or more diaphragms or pistons responsive to changes of fluid pressure within the brake actuator chambers. In one embodiment, the head is attached to the flange case by a substantially continuous curvilinear annular metal retaining member which must be inelastically deformed or destroyed in order to remove the head from the flange case, thus rendering tampering more difficult. In another embodiment, the annular metal retaining member of the present invention is integral with the actuator head and which is metal-spun or the like onto the flange case.

Abstract: A pillow tray having a back panel, sidewalls, and an endwall to which a retaining member is hingedly attached defining a pillow opening for holding a pillow neatly so as to be easily inserted into a pillowcase.

Abstract: A method for interlocking the hemmed together flanges of the inner and outer panels comprises the steps of forming a plurality of raised beads at spaced intervals along the length of the edge of the inner panel; placing the inner panel inside the outer panel with the raised beads facing away from the outer panel; and hemming the edge of the outer panel over the edge of the inner panel by a hemming punch having a plurality of slots therein located to register with the raised beads of the inner panel so that the outer panel is coined into interlocking engagement with the raised beads to thereby interlock the inner and outer panels together against relative movement. The raised beads preferably have a height generally equal to the thickness of the inner panel, and are preferably elongated in shape with the elongation extending in the direction either parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the panel.

Abstract: A die for use with a conventional punch to mechanically join, or clinch, two or more sheets of metal or other suitably formable material. The die is specially formed with a cavity having one or more lateral passages extending from the periphery of the cavity. When the sheets are positioned against the die and impacted by a suitable punch, the lateral passages permit the lateral extrusion of a quantity of sheet material which serves to mechanically interlock the sheets. The die has no moving parts itself, providing an economical design which is adaptable to various types of presses and applications. Moreover, the lateral passages can accommodate sheet material of various thicknesses and yet create a sufficient clinching effect without the need to closely calibrate the punch or press used with the die.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tamper-resistant fluid-operated brake actuator having a power spring housed within a head or cap which is attached to a flange case having one or more diaphragms or pistons responsive to changes of fluid pressure within the brake actuator chambers. In one embodiment, the head is attached to the flange case by a substantially continuous curvilinear annular metal retaining member which must be inelastically deformed or destroyed in order to remove the head from the flange case, thus rendering tampering more difficult. In another embodiment, the annular metal retaining member of the present invention is integral with the actuator head and which is metal-spun or the like onto the flange case.

Abstract: Method of connecting two components by deforming material of one component into a widening hole of the other component and squeezing the pressed-in material outward until the hole is at most filled The connection is effected by a single press stroke.

Abstract: A heat exchanger cell for a furnace is constructed of first and second cell divisions, each cell division having a general concave configuration and a rim extending around at least a portion of a circumference of the cell division. The first and second cell divisions are positioned adjacent each other and the rim of one cell division is folded over the rim of the other cell division and overlaps opposite sides of the rim of the other cell division forming a seam joining the first and second rims. A crease is formed in the seam joining the cell division rims and is spaced from a terminal edge of the seam. A plurality of indentations are formed in the seam traversing the crease and spaced from the terminal edge of the seam. The crease and plurality of indentations formed in the seam enable the seam to resist relative movement between the rims of the two cell divisions due to alternating heating and cooling of the cell divisions.

Abstract: In a continuous rolling line wherein the tail end part of a preceding rolled plate and the head end part of a following rolled plate are joined subsequently to a rough rolling and subjected to a following continuous finish rolling: a joining method of rolled plates wherein the tail end of the preceding rolled plate and the head end of the following rolled plate are formed into a nearly rectangular convex and concave shape respectively so as to inlay each other, the convex part and the concave part being combined each other in the same plane as the rolling lines, and then being fed to the continuous finish rolling; a joining method rolled plates wherein the side surface of the parallel inlay is formed in a taper shape in the direction of the plate thickness at any desired location of either the tail end part of the preceding rolled plate or the head end part of the backward rolled plate or of the both parts, and then being fed to the continuous finish rolling; and a joining method of rolled plates wherein the

Abstract: A can end (1) having an openable portion (14) defined by a score line (13), has a ring pull defining an aperture in which is retained a token (16) which may be removed as proof of purchase to qualify the purchaser for a prize or other premium offer. The token (16) is preferably made from a plastics material which is retained by clinching of peripheral material of the ring pull, and may be marked with indicia.

Abstract: In order to connect at least two layers of paper or the like, the layers are cut into strips in the connection area and forced out of the plane of the layers alternately and in pairs. To this effect punching and pressing tools with punching teeth may be provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of assembling a friction clutch, wherein the clutch housing is centered with a cylindrical portion on a cylindrical guide of the flywheel and the axially correct position is found by axial application and measurement of the initial tension of the clutch main spring and the clutch housing and flywheel are rigidly connected to one another in this state.

Abstract: A continuous tensioning ring for mounting convoluted boots, consisting of an annular member rolled from flat strip material so as to be round, with the free ends of the strip being connected to each other. For this purpose the two free ends 12 and 13 are provided with claws 11 whose shapes are adapted to each other, which contact each other in the strip plane by engaging each other in a line-like way and which are caulked together in a force-locking way or spot-welded together in a material-locking way. The tensioning ring 10 is subsequently crimped, i.e. radially upset.

Abstract: The present invention provides method and apparatus for joining together two or more overlaying sheet formed metals, either metallic or non-metallic, in which a movable punch is moved towards a stationary die axially in a first direction and into a first position that is independent of the thickness or the number of sheet formed members to be joined together. Thereafter, an anvil is co-axially moved towards the die and into a second relative position that is also independent of the thickness or the number of sheet formed members to be joined together. The anvil is blocked in its second relative position by a blocking element, and a movable die is co-axially moved towards the anvil and into a third relative position that is dependent upon forces applied to the die and on the number, thickness and material of the sheet formed members to be joined together. As an alternative, the punch may be the stationary element, while the die is the movable element.

Abstract: A method for permanently compacting a hollow resilient structure such as a recyclable plastic container to facilitate recycling thereof. As the structure is compressed cutting blades provided on the compressing surface perforate the walls of the container thereby cutting interlocking tabs into the surface. At the same time the interlocking tabs are forced outward and through the cavity left in the walls of the container by displacement of the tabs. The tabs straddle the cavity and become locked against the walls of the container by the separating force of the resilient plastic.

Abstract: A spring seat is disposed about a tube which forms part of a shock absorber and supported in a predetermined position thereabout. The tube is subject to press bulge formation so that a portion of the tube becomes force fitted against a portion of the spring seat. Dies can be used to induce the formation of one or more projections which prevent the spring seat from moving axially along the tube. The force fit prevents relative rotation.

Abstract: A method of producing an anchor bonded composite plate. Anchor cavities are formed in a base plate by placing a forming plate with a circular hole therethrough over the base plate at a selected anchor cavity location. A punch placed through the circular hole then applies a punching force to the base plate, thereby forming in the base plate an annular mound with a concentrically punched hole. The mound is next pressed with a leveling plate to cause the material of the mound to flow inside the punched hole forming an anchor cavity with an overhanging internally tapered surface. A cladding plate with a plurality of anchor holes is then placed on the base plate with its holes aligned with the cavities of the base plate. An anchor pin is inserted in the thus aligned openings and is plastically deformed to mechanically bond the plates together. The cladding plate and the base plate may be made of an aluminum alloy and a hard steel, respectively.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing a folded seam connection along a joint between cups made of sheet metal having flanges of folded seam connection and forming a workpiece, in particular a vibration damper, wherein at least one folding tool and the workpiece with the folding flanges, which are pressed on each other, are moved relative to one another. The workpiece is rotated around a rotating axis traversing the workpiece in an essentially perpendicular manner with respect to the plane of the joint. The folded seam connection is produced by rolling over the folding flanges once or several times by at least one folding roller. In the plane of the joint, the folding roller can be swung around relative to the workpiece and/or pressed against the latter. The process and the seaming machine offer the option to simply pass over interruptions of the folded seam connections by providing a correspondingly configured guide surface for the folding roller.

Abstract: A method for making a low pressure cartridge for liquid filtration, particularly of minerals from drinking water, comprises locating a pair of substantially identical end cap members telescopically on opposing ends of a tubular member. The end cap members are coupled to the tubular member mechanically by interference between four circumferential rings raised from an inner surface of each of the end caps and like numbers of circumferential grooves on a facing surface of the tubular member. O-rings between the telescoped members provide further fluid sealing and increased mechanical coupling, if desired. Different axial spacing between different adjoining pairs of rings assure axial alignment of the end caps with the tubular member during assembly.

Abstract: A hose connection for high pressure installations and a method for making the same in which a nipple provided with externally projecting beads or ribs, preferably of annular configuration, is internally expanded by an expanding tool while the hose is constrained against radially outward movement by a sleeve-like member. To enhance the holding ability of the connection, the sleeve-like member is provided with inwardly extending annular grooves, preferably so arranged that the deepest point of the annular grooves are located between peaks of adjacent beads or rims.

Abstract: A composite structure is manufactured by joining a first material, preferably made of a magnetically permeable material having a first joining surface in which a recess having an overhang surface is formed, to a second material, preferably made of an electrically conductive material having a second joining surface to be joined to the first joining surface of the first material. On the second joining surface is integrally formed a protrusion having an outer configuration substantially corresponding to the inner shape of the recess. The first and second materials are firmly mechanically joined to each other by, for example, a casting method, a rolling method, a pressing method, or a method utilizing plastic flow of the second material.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved fastening system for attaching a wheel to the frame of an in-line roller skate. The system includes a fastening plug insertable into the axis aperture in the side rail of an in-line roller skate frame. The system further includes a snap cover assembly including an anchor insertable into the axle aperture of the side rail from the other side thereof, a nut insertable into a receptacle disposed in the anchor, and a snap cover for enclosing and covering the nut.

Abstract: A dispenser carton for continuous-length material, such as plastic film, includes an integral cutting assembly or a cutting assembly on a separate board which may be fitted into operating position during carton use. A deflectable protective guard or shield for the cutting edge of the assembly normally resiliently rests in a protective posture against and overlapping the cutting edge. It is adapted to be temporarily deflected to facilitate normal cutting of the dispensed material and to be spontaneously returned to its protective posture during non-use of the carton. The guard is a relatively stiff flexible tape sandwiched between the cutting edge and its supporting board stock so that the tape may not be readily removed without destroying the function of the cutting edge.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tamper-resistant fluid-operated brake actuator having a power spring housed within a head or cap which is attached to a flange case having one or more diaphragms or pistons responsive to changes of fluid pressure within the brake actuator chambers. In one embodiment, the head is attached to the flange case by a substantially continuous curvilinear annular metal retaining member which must be inelastically deformed or destroyed in order to remove the head from the flange case, thus rendering tampering more difficult. In another embodiment, the annular metal retaining member of the present invention is integral with the actuator head and which is metal-spun or the like onto the flange case.

Abstract: A technique for making a connection to an object, for example a tube, comprises positioning a shape memory alloy collar around the tube, the collar having two circumferentially extending teeth formed in its internal surface. One of the teeth is caused to bite into the external surface of the tube by heating the collar to cause it to shrink, using the shape memory properties of the alloy. The other tooth is caused to bite into the external surface of the tube by mechanically deforming the collar by drawing a tapered sleeve axially over it. Axial force can be applied to the tube through the collar.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing clad metal tubing from two different types of metals having different deformation resistances is disclosed. The process comprises preparing a combined billet having two blank pipes arranged concentrically with each other, the pipes being made of different metals, and applying hot extrusion to the billet while adjusting the heating temperature of the pipe such that a pipe of the metal having a higher deformation resistance is heated to a higher temperature.

Abstract: A clinch joint of the leak proof type and method and apparatus for forming several joint embodiments is disclosed. The joint retains overlapping sheets of deformable material together by simultaneously drawing nested cup-shaped cavities formed out of the plane of the sheets having a central spot and a continuous wall region extending from the spot to the cavity periphery. The region of the sheets adjacent the cavity periphery is pinched together causing the cavity walls to inwardly radially deform, securely interlocking the sheets firmly together. Alternative embodiments of the joint additionally squeeze the cavity spots together outwardly radially deforming the spot material to further interlock the nested cavities.

Abstract: An electric motor structure and method of assembling the same wherein such structure includes a laminated stator core with a rotor body disposed therein with a rotor shaft extending therefrom to be supported by bearing support end shield means having bearing supports tightly fastened to said stator core in a manner that resistance to bending forces is less in the laminated stator core than the resistances to bending forces of the bearing support end shield means to enhance stability and squareness of the bearing support end shield means and bearing supports of the motor assembly.

Abstract: A packaging machine comprises a deep drawing station for deep drawing containers in a film sheet and a sealing station for sealing filled containers by means of a cover sheet. For obtaining a reclosable package means are provided for forming protuberances in the edge of the packages, wherein the protuberances cooperate for reclosing the container.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided whereby a fluid-tight seal is at least substantially assured between registered passage ends opening through mating surfaces of removably secured together components having a gasket sheet disposed therebetween provided with openings communicating the aforementioned registered passage ends.

Abstract: A process for preparing a cathode assembly comprising forming a hanger assembly by inserting an electrically conductive metal hanger core having a curved cross section into a metal tube jacket having a rectangular cross section such that the sides of the metal tube are displaced outward by the outer surface of the hanger core, effecting good electrical contact between the hanger core and the metal tube jacket. One edge of a metal sheet is rigidly attached to the metal tube jacket along its length, perpendicular to the tangent of the outer surface of the metal tube jacket. The cathode assembly produced according to this process has utility in a wide variety of electrolytic manufacturing processes, especially in the electrolytic refining of copper.