Abstract: A method of manufacturing a shell (10) for a vacuum brake booster wherein a reinforcing plate (22) is coined to the shape of the end member (16) to provide structural strength for uniformly transmitting forces from a reaction member to the body (16) of the shell. After the reinforcing plate (22) is coined, holes (36, 38) are simultaneously punched through the plate (22) and end member (16) for fastener (40, 42) means through which the brake booster is attached to the reaction member.

Abstract: This specification teaches a method of attaching a fluid conducting metal tube (12) a heat dissipating metal fin (14) that includes the following steps. A metal tube (12) is formed having a generally elliptical cross-section having first similarly curved surfaces (22--22) at opposite ends of a major axis thereof and second similarly curved surfaces (24--24) at opposite ends of a minor axis thereof. A heat dissipating metal fin (14) is formed. An elliptically shaped collar (20) is formed on the fin, this collar providing an opening through the fin and being at least about 11/2 times the thickness of the metal forming the fin. The tube is fitted inside the opening of the fin so that areas of these two elements are juxtaposed. The tube is expanded along the major axis so as to bring the first similarly curved surfaces at opposite ends thereof into contact with portions of the collar in juxtaposition therewith.

Abstract: A method for radially expanding tubes within a tube sheet involves the application of radially expansive swaging forces from a pre-expander apparatus and a hydraulic mandrel. The pre-expander is used first and includes at least one primary expander and at least one secondary expander. The expanders surround and are compressed axially by a draw bar, thereby producing outwardly directed radial pressure against the interior surface of the tube anchoring the tube within the tube sheet. An unexpanded land remains between the two expanded regions corresponding to an axially incompressible spacer that separates the expanders. Next, the hydraulic mandrel, which has seals that define the ends of a pressure zone, is inserted in the tube and positioned so that both seals engage unexpanded portions of the tube, one of these unexpanded portions being the land.

Abstract: An apparatus particularly useful for securing a deformable nut having a hole to carrier material, such as a sheet-metal panel, is disclosed. Securement of the nut to the panel is made employing essentially a one-step procedure to form a hole in the panel and to secure the nut to the panel at the panel hole. The securement procedure generates essentially no panel-material waste. Various elements of the apparatus cooperate to secure the nut to the panel. On the apparatus, a ram initially causes a nut guide to secure the panel to the apparatus, and eventually causes a piercing punch to be advanced along a path toward a receiving punch. The latter action causes the panel to be pierced. Further advancement of the ram toward a base of the apparatus causes portions of the panel adjacent the pierced portion to be urged or otherwise drawn into the nut hole, and eventually causes the nut to deform. The latter action causes the nut to be secured to the panel.

Abstract: A laminated, cylindrical, metal screen or molding element for vacuum perforation of plastic film or sheets, comprising two or more relatively thin cylindrical metal screens, each having a predetermined inside and outside diameter and each having a plurality of openings or holes therein of a predetermined size and geometrical shape, and said relatively thin screens stacked and bonded together, diametrically one inside the other thereby providing a screen of a desired thickness and a desired hole geometry wherein the holes in the screen have substantially straight walls perpendicular to the surface of the screen.A method of producing a relatively thick cylindrical metal screen for vacuum perforation of plastic film or sheets wherein the holes or openings in the screen have substantially straight walls perpendicular to the surface of the screen, comprising stacking and bonding together two or more matched relatively thin metal screens diametrically one inside the other.

Abstract: A method of prestressing a tubular apparatus having coaxial inner and outer metal tubes which are connected to each other at axially spaced locations. After the inner and outer tubes are connected to each other so that the tubular apparatus may be heat-treated or otherwise processed before it is prestressed, the diameter of at least a portion of the inner tube is increased so that it is shortened to thereby establish a prestressed condition between the inner and outer tubes with the inner tube under tension and the outer tube under compression.

Abstract: Improvements to guide tubes for the fuel assemblies of light water nuclear reactors, said assemblies being immersed in operation in the cooling water of the core of such a reactor, the guide tubes being of the type made from zircaloy and fixed at their two ends respectively to an upper end part and a lower end part made from stainless steel or Irconel and which incorporate devices for braking the fall of the control rods which they house during the rapid shutdown of the reactor, wherein the said braking devices are constituted by means for restricting the diameter of the guide tubes comprising for each guide tube a zircaloy inner sleeve spot welded to the said guide tube and whose internal diameter permits the passage, with a calibrated clearance, of the corresponding control rod, the sleeve being distributed over the lower portion of each guide tube and associated with orifices made in the actual guide tubes to produce the progressive hydraulic absorption of the end of the fall of the control rods.

Abstract: A structural framework (20) is constructed from primary members (22) that are interconnected in adjacent side-by-side relationship by an expanable, unitary fastener member (26) receivable within the aligned slots (28) formed in the primary members (22). The fastener members (26) are enlargeable to occupy the entire volume of the primary member slots (28) to securely lock the primary members together. The primary members (22) may be secured together to form a frame structure (20) in a desired shape since the swaging effect imposed on the fastener members when they are enlarged causes the fastener members to retain the shape of the primary members (22).

Abstract: The invention provides a method of joining two rigid tubes such as are used in drill stems wherein a nipple internal to the tubes is threaded and screws into at least one of the tubes, the nipple provided with a zone of reduced internal diameter which registers with a cavity in the internal bore of the tube and the zone of reduced internal diameter expanded outwards into contact with the tube to occupy the registering cavity in the tube and form a positive lock against tensile forces.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a pipe connection are disclosed. The apparatus includes an inner pipe formed on the pipe to be joined which has a widened end part. An outer pipe in the pipe connector is dimensioned to receive the inner pipe and has an undercut formed therein to receive the widened end part. A sleeve is mounted inside the inner pipe with a close tolerance so as to be substantially free from play. The sleeve has a widened wedge-shaped portion which engages the inner pipe internally. As a result, the inner pipe is retained between the undercuts and the wedge-shaped portion of the sleeve.

Abstract: Plastic lined pipe with the lining adhered to the pipe is flanged such as by a hydraulic operation. Resultant flanged pipe does not require heat treatment.

Abstract: Apparatus as provided for plugging a tube end in such a manner that the plug can be later removed. The apparatus includes a hollow plug (10) closed at the end (12) inserted into the tube (20) and open at its other end. The plug has a band (18) of ductile metal (gold, silver, or pure iron) on its outer surface which is extruded into any crevices caused by irregularities in the inner wall surface of the tube when the plug is mechanically expanded into the tube. The plug has a portion near its outer end of slightly enlarged diameter (14) to provide a light interference fit with the tube to hold the plug in place prior to and during the expanding step.

Abstract: A tubular fence is made by fixing a vertical tube on a horizontal tube. A method of making the same is disclosed wherein an opening part is formed on the side of the horizontal tube. A pin having a large diameter remote end, a smaller diameter adjacent end, and a tapering connecting part is positioned in the horizontal tube aligned with the opening part or in the end of the vertical tube. As the end part of the vertical tube is inserted into the opening part, the end part of said vertical tube is caused to be expanded outwardly by press-fitting said vertical tube to said pin from outside, whereby it is held closely adherent to said opening part.

Abstract: A shaft and an impeller assembly formed by individual blade members are connected together in an interference fitted connection. Both the shaft and impeller assembly are coated with a corrosion resistant material and the connection is created between the coated surfaces.

Abstract: A cable termination arrangement includes a tapered socket body and a mating plug covered with a sleeve of malleable material. Cable strands are inserted and spread out inside of the socket. The plug and sleeve are pushed into the socket for forcing the strands into the sleeve. When a tensile force is applied to the cable, slippage between the cable and the socket is zero.

Abstract: A method for installing a close-fitting cylindrical metal sleeve (26) within a tube (14) secured to a tube sheet (12) of a steam generator, comprising the following steps. First, the sleeve is inserted into the tube until an upper portion (28) of the sleeve is above the tube sheet while the lowr portion (30) of the sleeve is within the tube sheet. Next, the upper portion of the sleeve is radially deformed against the adjacent tube wall to form substantially coextensive permanent bulges (32,34) around the circumferences of the sleeve and the tube. The sleeve is then displaced axially, or longitudinally, relative to the tube, such that the bulge in the sleeve produces a wedge-like mechanical interference seal (40) against the tube wall (16'). Finally, the lower portion (30,38) of the sleeve is joined and sealed (42) against the adjacent tube wall (16') to permanently maintain the tight mechanical interference seal at the upper portion of the sleeve.

Abstract: The tube plug comprises a one piece mechanical plug having one open end and one closed end which is capable of being inserted in a heat exchange tube and internally expanded into contact with the inside surface of the heat exchange tube for preventing flow of a coolant through the heat exchange tube. The tube plug also comprises a groove extending around the outside circumference thereof which has an elastomeric material disposed in the groove for enhancing the seal between the tube plug and the tube.

Abstract: A first part of plastic material (7), preferably a component of a package, is secured to a second part (2). Tubular projections (9) are formed in the first part and are introduced through a hole (4) in the second part. The projection (9) is shaped with an outer terminating portion (11, 12) closing the same, and forming a vaulted termination extending outwardly and provided with such a crease that it can be brought to an at least somewhat inwardly bulging position. After the second part (2) with its hole (4) has been placed on the projection (9), a surface is laid against the vaulted termination and is pressed against the same, so that it is inversely forced into its inwardly bulging position. In this position it causes such a widening of the portion (10;14) of the projection located inside of the termination that this portion forms a rivet head (13;19).

Abstract: An apparatus for severing a lead nut from a linear arrangement of attached nuts and for securing such a lead nut to carrier material is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a punch operated by a ram and disposed within a stripper, and a die disposed within a nut guide and secured to a fixed base. The punch is spring biased within the stripper and is oriented towards the die in such a manner that advancement of the punch toward the die also advances the punch tip towards the die cavity. The nut guide is spring biased away from the base. The nut guide includes two interconnecting passageways, one passageway being laterally disposed toward the other. An arrangement of attached nuts is advanceable, within the first nut guide passageway, toward the die surface. The carrier material is supported upon an upper surface of the nut guide, being interposed between the punch and the die.

Abstract: An apparatus for expanding tube ends in a tube sheet of a heat exchanger tube bundle comprises a mandrel which can be inserted into the tube end and an expansion pressure generator connected to said mandrel. A source of filling liquid is also connected to the mandrel to the expansion pressure generator which has a port for the filling liquid selectively blocked by the plunger of the expansion pressure generator so that problems with check valves for the filling can be obviated.

Abstract: Double walled tubing, a method and apparatus for producing the same are disclosed. First and second metal tubes of substantially identical diameters are selected. One end of the second tube is expanded, and the first tube is pushed into the second tube. By mounting the first tube on a mandrel having a mandrel ball with an outer diameter which approximates the inner diameter of the first tube, any creases in the first tube caused by the insertion will be removed by the mandrel ball upon withdrawing the mandrel from the first tube.

Abstract: A pull gun (10) is used for pulling a mandrel (12, 150, 180) through an expandable sleeve (74, 144, 180) positioned in a fastener hole. The mandrel expands the sleeve as it moves therethrough causing the sleeve to put the metal which surrounds the hole in a state of compression. The pull gun has alternative extensions or sleeve retainers having general appearances of collet chucks and they are adapted to be positioned adjacent holes being prestressed. The retainers are of relatively small diameter for operation through a drill fixture and in small spaces on a workpiece.

Abstract: Process for providing a rigid pipe, particularly made of light alloy, with a connecting section comprising a projecting peripheral bead, whereby a reinforcing sleeve is firstly positioned at a free end of said pipe, after which said end provided with its sleeve is deformed to the shape desired for said connecting section said process further comprising the step of deforming said end and said sleeve together to form, in the connecting section, the projecting peripheral bead, which thus participates in the connection of said sleeve on said pipe end.

Abstract: A warm damper for a superconducting rotor is described which uses a laminar assembly of a conductive tube and a plurality of support tubes. The conductive tube is soldered to axially adjacent support tubes and the resulting composite tube is explosively welded to two or more support tubes disposed adjacent to its radially inner and outer surfaces.

Abstract: A method of supplying tips for a fiber forming bushing is provided which involves mating the tips to a hole in a bushing plate, applying pressure to the tip sidewalls against the plate to firmly seal them followed by a high temperature treatment to form a homogeneous metal bond.

Abstract: A bearing and seal assembly for use in an electric motor rotor or stator bore about a central shaft. The bearing and seal assembly comprises a drawn aluminum sleeve dipsosed in and secured to the wall of the bore and having opposite end portions projecting beyond the bore wall. A sleeve bearing is press fit in the sleeve with the sleeve press fit or adhesively secured in the bore. An annular seal is press fit in one projecting end portion of the sleeve and is thus held in precise coaxial relationship with the bearing. The opposite projecting end portion of the sleeve provides a seat for an O-ring at a diametrically enlarged portion thereof. A cap in snap engagement with the rotor or stator, or alternatively with the sleeve, engages the O-ring and closes a lubricant chamber surrounding the bearing and within the sleeve. The assembly method includes press fitting of the bearing and seal in the sleeve with the elements mounted on an assembly pin for precise concentricity or coaxial relationship.

Abstract: In a blind fastener comprising a nut with an axial bore therethrough, a bolt extending through said nut and a sleeve on said bolt, the improvement comprising said sleeve having a thin wall section adjacent to the nut formed by a recess in said section and a collar between said nut and sleeve which has a tensile strength very much less than the tensile strength of said sleeve and the sleeve is adapted upon setting of the fastener to have the thin wall section buckle outwardly upon the contact with the parts being fastened to form a large bearing surface.

Abstract: A method of making leak-tight tube joints, in a non-brazed tubular heat exchanger or the like, including the steps of expanding tube ends out into mechanical contact with a header plate in which they are received, and, in conjunction with this step, introducing a sealant into tube joints. According to one invention aspect, the sealant has the form of a relatively ductile elastomeric or metallic material and is introduced into a joint as a coating on a tube end. In another invention aspect, the sealant has the form of an anaerobic adhesive and is introduced into the joint as a liquid by a capillary action for subsequent curing in the hidden crevices and voids of the joint.

Abstract: A tube fitting assembly is disclosed wherein a ductile metal tube is forced into first and second orifices within a fitting. The tube is closely received within the first orifice and the second orifice is larger so that the axial force on the tube axially contracts the tube to form a radially expanded bead on the tube substantially filling the second orifice. This establishes a fluid tight seal between the tube and the fitting and also retains the tube in the fitting. An annular deformable seal member is also provided between an outer surface of the tube and an inner surface of the fitting and this seal may be a rubber-like O-ring or a composition material which is more yieldable than the material of the tube and fitting, may be set up from a liquid or plastic sealant material, or may be a deformable wall of the fitting.

Abstract: A tubular rivet is formed having flared conical head portions in fastening elation to a plurality of laminates presenting outer surfaces that are inclined to planes normal to a bore through the laminates and having countersinks the axes of which are normal to the respective outer surfaces by means of a mandrel having a conical forming head on a bendable pull shaft extending through an annular anvil having a conical forming surface and adapted to swivel relative to the pull shaft.

Abstract: A joint is provided between one tube and another tube without the necessity of a heavy thick-walled metal coupling. The joint includes first and an optional second enlarged portions on a first tube with the second enlarged portion near an end of the second tube. A first shoulder is provided between the first enlarged portion and the main body of the first tube. A second annular shoulder is provided at the junction between the first and second enlarged portions. The end of the second tube slips into the first enlarged portion of the second tube and the second tube is then axially compressed so as to form an annular bead which acts against and is contained by the second enlarged portion of the first tube. This axial compression provides both a mechanical interconnection so that the tubes will not axially separate despite fluid pressure or mechanical force, and also provides a fluid tight seal at the annular bead and the second shoulder or second enlarged portion.

Abstract: An insertable threaded sleeve provided with an outer screwthread and an inner screwthread for a screw, the outer screwthread being adapted to the screwthread of a tapped hole in an object. An extension adapted to be deformed by a buckling so as to be locked in the screwthread of the hole is provided with an outer knurling which improves the engagement thereof with the screwthread of the tapped hole and a flange on the outer end. The sleeve is replaceable and can be used in particular when the object is made from a soft material whereas the screw is made from a hard material. It may have if desired means for locking the screw against rotation.

Abstract: A tube end received in a bore of a tube sheet is expanded by introducing a mandrel into the tube end and utilizing fluid pressure to bias a pair of sealing rings outwardly to engagement with a tube end, thereby sealing off the clearance between the mandrel and the tube end. In addition to utilizing the fluid pressure to provide the sealing action, the invention admits the fluid pressure into the clearance and thereby expands the tube end.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for expanding a tube at selective points about its circumference to join with another tube. After a segment of a first tube is inserted into a second tube having an end sleeve segment with a larger diameter and wall thickness than the first tube, compression and subsequent radial expansion of one or more elastomeric bars lodged within longitudinal slots of a bushing means locted within the first tube end segment cause the elastomer to radially expand the wall of the first tube. The wall of the first tube expands at selective points against the wall of the second tube in proximity to their respective ends, creating a selective interference fit therebetween.

Abstract: A plug assembly comprising a generally cylindrical expansion sleeve having a socket portion which receives a wedging nut. One of the nut and socket portion is tapered such that the sleeve may be radially expanded as the nut enters more deeply into the socket portion. A screw element is threadedly received by the nut and by a clearance opening through the sleeve. The screw element is provided with a head which engages the sleeve on the side axially opposite the socket portion whereby threading of the screw element into the nut draws the latter more deeply into the socket portion. The outer periphery of the sleeve is preshaped to be out-of-round to provide for an interference fit with a cylindrical bore which is to be plugged.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for forming a heat exchanger tube comprising the steps of inserting an inner tube within an outer tube, interposing therebetween a heat conductive fin element and expanding the inner tube thereby causing frictional engagement of the inner tube, outer tube and interposed fin.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for joining a tube into a tube sheet opening. After a tube is inserted into a tube sheet opening, compression and subsequent radial expansion of an elastomeric material inside the tube causes the elastomer to radially expand the tube wall creating an interference fit between the tube and inner wall of the tube sheet opening. A portion of the elastomer positioned exterior to the tube sheet face expands to a greater radial diameter than the portion of the elastomer within the tube sheet opening resulting in radial expansion of the tube wall toward the tube sheet face to create a sealing effect between the tube and tube sheet.

Abstract: A stem securing assembly for conduits and a method for its use is provided herein. The conduit, e.g., of polyethylene tubing, is apertured through the wall thereof and a hollow stem to be secured thereto, e.g., for sprinkler heads and the like, is provided with a frusto-conical bulbous base. Preferably, it is provided with a double sloping shouldered base with the diameter of the frusto-conical bulbous base being slightly less than the diameter of the conduit aperture so that the lower end of the hollow stem is insertable through the aperture. A malleably deformable, e.g., resilient, sleeve is positioned to surround the stem and to rest on the frusto-conical bulbous base, or on the second shoulder if both are provided. The assembly so provided is inserted into the aperture. The sleeve has an outside diameter enabling snug insertion of the sleeve into the aperture. A clamping member, e.g., a screw-threaded nut or the like, engages the stem and is urged, e.g.

Abstract: A metallic syringe tube is fused to a plastic fitting into which the tube is inserted so that the inner end of the tube contacts the fitting, by clamping the tube between a counterelectrode which acts as an abutment for the inner end of the tube and a clamping jaw which engages the free end of the tube, and applying a resistance heating voltage to the tube between the counterelectrode and a location between the fitting and the clamping jaw for heating at least a portion of the syringe tube inner end in contact with the fitting to the melting temperature of the plastic forming the fitting.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of forming a step to stile joint in a ladder which does not utilize mechanical fastenings such as rivets and the like.According to this invention, the step is provided with integral hollow sections extending therealong which protrude from each end and which pass through apertures in the stiles and are adapted to be swage connected thereto.

Abstract: A method of forming a fastener joint in a composite material work piece subject to an operating load comprising the steps of forming a hole of a prescribed hole diameter through the composite material work piece placing a tubular metal sleeve member with a compressible cushion layer around the outside thereof within the hole through the work piece; non-elastically expanding the tubular metal sleeve member radially and circumferentially to force the cushion layer into contact with the hole surface and compress the cushion layer; and placing a fastener in the tubular metal sleeve member to maintain the sleeve member radially and circumferentially expanded and the cushion layer compressed to a thickness to transmit the operating load from the work piece to the fastener through the cushion layer and sleeve member. The joint formed by the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A tube expander (10), for extrudably expanding the walls of a tube (12) is disclosed.The clamping force required on a tube (12) to prevent relative movement between the tube (12) and a tube expander (10), generally limits the amount of deformation completed during single stroke forming operations. The present invention provides a tube expander (10) for partially forming the tube (12) during insertion of the expander (10) into the tube (12) and fully forming the tube (12) during withdrawal of the expander (10). The tube expander (10) has an annular forming member (44) moveably mounted on a mandrel (22) for movement between a first position at which a plane (46) of the annular forming member (44) is at a skew angle with respect to a longitudinal axis (32) of the mandrel (22) and a second position at which the plane (46) of the annular forming member (44) is normal to the longitudinal axis (32).

Abstract: A shell and tube type heat exchanger having a tube bundle supported at opposite ends in tube sheets is capable of being repaired quickly by closing off opposite ends of a damaged tube using the method and apparatus disclosed. The apparatus comprises a two-part tapered plug assembly which is adapted to be installed in the tube in alignment with the tube sheet and expanded radially outward into tight engagement with the interior of a tube by pulling an inner wedge portion of the plug assembly axially relative to an outer ring portion. The pulling is effected by an hydraulic ram which is connected by a breakaway unit to a pull rod which slides axially relative to a compression tube both of which are received axially within the defective tube. The hydraulic ram pulls the rod relative to the compression tube and thereby draws the wedge inside the ring until the breakaway connection releases the pull rod and enables the pull rod, compression tube and auxiliary parts to be withdrawn from the defective tube.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for applying couplings of the force fit type disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,924,413 and 4,053,247 to sections of plain end pipe to join the pipe sections together, utilizing apparatus and structures respectively exterior to and internal of the pipe sections, whereby the reaction force of a jack applying a compression force via the tensioning of the structures to a coupling at one end of a pipe section operates to exert an applying force to the coupling at the opposite end of the pipe section. Several forms of apparatus are disclosed respectively suited to different types of situations in which plain end pipe sections are joined, such as in off shore oil well drilling or in installation of transmission pipe in a horizontal position above or below ground level.

Abstract: In this device, the bore of the cylindrical hub has a groove in the shape of an ellipse in which is engaged a radial boss obtained by an upsetting of the material of the end portion of a tubular element inserted in the bore so as to ensure both the axial and rotational connection with the hub. The upsetting is achieved by means of a punch inserted in the end portion of the tubular element and bearing against the extremity of this end portion.

Abstract: The tube plug comprises a shell having a tapered inner surface against which an externally tapered expander member moves by application of a pulling force. The motion of the expander member relative to the shell causes the shell to expand into contact with a heat exchange tube thereby plugging the tube. The expander member is formed from a hardened metal with tangentially blended leading radius and a self-locking trailing edge which provides for ease in expanding the shell while preventing inadvertent unlocking of the plug. The shell has a substantially uniform wall thickness throughout the portion of the shell which experiences expansion so that the force necessary to perform the expanding process does not increase beyond the strength limitations of the installation equipment as the expander member is moved through the shell.

Abstract: A method for connecting in a sealtight manner a flanged sleeve to a pipe, especially for subsea gas and oil ducts, comprises the steps of introducing the free end of the pipe into the flanged sleeve with a clearance, expanding the pipe within the sleeve with the aid of a resilient expansible body which is axially compressed, releasing the axial compression and withdrawing the expansible body. The radial expansion is such as to expand the pipe at its plastic deformation condition and the sleeve within its elastic deformation limit, so that a union is achieved between the tube and the sleeve which is virtually indissoluble.

Abstract: To attach a segmental stator, for example in the form of armature laminations, to the housing of a flywheel of an internal combustion engine, and permanent magnet rotor elements to the flywheel circumference, while permitting differential thermal expansion, the attachment elements include a shaft or web element (10, 210, 403, 403') which connects the respective magnetic structural component--stator laminations (1) or permanent magnet field (19)--to the engine structure housing (2) or flywheel (15), respectively, by two headed ends (8, 208, 408; 7, 207, 407) which may be in form of tapped cylindrical or spherical elements or cylindrical tubular portions fitted into holes (415) of the engine structure and expanded after placement, by driving a pin (FIG. 4c: 16) thereinto, or pulling a headed pin (FIG. 4d: 17) therethrough.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for lining a housing which receives an opening roller of a fiber opening device for an open-end spinning apparatus by means of a finite metal band, wherein the housing comprises apertures in its generated surface which connect the interior of the housing to other parts of the spinning apparatus and to which apertures in the metal band correspond.

Abstract: A passage is provided in a heat exchanger water compartment to permit extension of a tube therethrough and at the same time assist in sealing the tube and passage interface. The distance between the intersection of the lower bottom edge of the water compartment bottom part with the inner edge of the passage and the intersection of the horizontal extension of the upper edge of the bottom part in the direction of the passage extension has a positive value.