Abstract: A quartz crystal unit comprises a quartz crystal tuning fork resonator capable of vibrating in a flexural mode of an inverse phase and having at least one groove having at least one stepped portion formed in at least one of opposite main surfaces of each of first and second quartz crystal tuning fork tines. An electrode is disposed on the at least one stepped portion of the at least one groove so that the electrode of the first quartz crystal tuning fork tine has an electrical polarity opposite to an electrical polarity of the electrode of the second quartz crystal tuning fork tine. The quartz crystal unit comprising the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator has a capacitance ratio r1 of a fundamental mode of vibration less than a capacitance ratio r2 of a second overtone mode of vibration.

Abstract: A MEMS structure having a stress-inducer temperature-compensated resonator member is described. The MEMS structure includes a frame disposed above a substrate. The frame has an inner surface and an outer surface and is composed of a first material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and a second material having a second CTE, different from the first CTE. A resonator member is coupled to the inner surface of the frame.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multi-cantilever MEMS sensor functioning as a mechanical sensor having a plurality of cantilevers, replacing a conventional DSP based sound source localization algorithm and reducing production cost when the MEMES sensor applied to mass-produced robots, a manufacturing method thereof, a sound source localization apparatus using the multi-cantilever MEMS sensor and a sound source localization method using the sound source localization apparatus.

Abstract: A resonator having a base part; and a resonating arm that performs flexing vibration, the resonating arm part has two principal surfaces, a first groove provided on one principal surface, a second groove provided in juxtaposition with the first groove on the other principal surface, a third groove provided in juxtaposition with the first groove and provided nearer the base part side than the first groove on the other principal surface, and a fourth groove provided in juxtaposition with the second groove and provided nearer the base part side than the second groove on the principal surface. The sum of a depth of the first and second groove part and a sum of a depth of the third and fourth groove part are larger than a distance between the one principal surface and the other principal surface.

Abstract: A vibration device includes: a vibrating reed including a base having a notch, a plurality of vibrating arms extending from the base, and each including an arm section, a weight section, and a groove section, and a support section, wherein a mechanical resonant frequency f of the vibrating reed is higher than a thermal relaxation frequency f0 of the vibrating reed, and assuming that a closest approach distance between the notch and a crotch section formed between the vibrating arms is a base flexion width Wb, and an arm width of the vibrating arm in a case of replacing a cross-sectional shape of the vibrating arm having a thermoelastic loss equivalent to a thermoelastic loss of the cross-sectional shape and a thickness equal to a thickness of the cross-sectional shape is an effective arm width We, a relationship of Wb>We is satisfied.

Abstract: The packaged piezoelectric resonator comprises a case (170; 270) with a lid (140; 240) and a piezoelectric resonator element (110) housed in said case, The piezoelectric resonator element includes a planar tuning-fork-shaped part with two parallel vibrating arms (112, 114), and an additional attachment arm (118) intended for fixing the resonator element (110) to the bottom (172) of the case (170). The inside surface of the lid (140, 240) is stepped in such a way as to form a first portion (142) where the lid has a first thickness and a second portion (144) where the lid has a second thickness substantially greater than the first thickness, the first portion (142) extending at least over distal end portions (166, 168) of the vibrating arms (112, 114), and the second portion (144) extending at least over a part of the attachment arm (118).

Abstract: A piezoelectric resonator element includes: a resonating arm extending in a first direction and cantilever-supported; a base portion cantilever-supporting the resonating arm; and an excitation electrode allowing the resonating arm to perform flexural vibration in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. In the piezoelectric resonator element, the resonating arm includes an adjusting part adjusting rigidity with respect to a bend in a third direction that is orthogonal to the first and second directions.

Abstract: A resonator includes a base portion and a vibration arm. The vibration arm has first and second main faces opposite each other, the main faces have first and second grooves, the first groove has a plurality of first groove portions which are divided in the longitudinal direction of the vibration arm and arranged to be alternately shifted on both sides with respect to the longitudinal center line of the vibration arm, the second groove has a plurality of second groove portions arranged similar to the first groove portions on an opposite side to the first groove portions with respect to the longitudinal center line. A voltage is applied to excitation electrodes provided at the first and second grooves and second excitation electrodes provided on both side faces of the vibration arm, such that the vibration arm flexural-vibrates in the in-plane direction of the first or second main face.

Abstract: A piezoelectric resonator element includes: a resonating arm extending in a first direction and cantilever-supported; a base portion cantilever-supporting the resonating arm; and an excitation electrode allowing the resonating arm to perform flexural vibration in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. In the piezoelectric resonator element, the resonating arm includes an adjusting part adjusting rigidity with respect to a bend in a third direction that is orthogonal to the first and second directions.

Abstract: A compact resonator has a wide bandwidth and a small variation of the specific vibration frequency. The resonator is a thin film tuning-fork type inflection resonator in which a thin film made of a piezoelectric material is formed on a substrate on which a lower electrode is formed, and an upper electrode is formed on the piezoelectric thin film.

Abstract: A piezoelectric device includes a piezoelectric film and an electrode film. The piezoelectric film is constituted of lead zirconium titanate represented by Pb1+X(ZrYTi1?Y)O3+X, where X is 0 or more and 0.3 or less and Y is 0 or more and 0.55 or less, the piezoelectric film having a tension stress. The electrode film applies a voltage to the piezoelectric film.

Abstract: A vibrating reed includes: a base; at least one vibrating arm extending from the base; at least one support arm extending from the base, and at least a part of which extends in parallel to the vibrating arm; and at least one receiving section formed of a part of the support arm, the part extending to have a shape of a projection so that a distance from the vibrating arm is reduced.

Abstract: A resonator element includes: a base portion; and a resonating arm extending in a first direction from the base portion, wherein the resonating arm includes a first surface, a second surface facing the first surface, a first side surface extending in the first direction so as to connect the first and second surfaces, and a second side surface facing the first side surface, wherein the resonating arm includes a first width portion having a first width and a second width portion provided at a root of the resonating arm so as to have a second width larger than the first width, wherein the resonating arm includes a groove portion provided on at least one of the first and second surfaces so as to extend in the first direction, the groove portion in the second width portion having a width larger than a width of the groove portion in the first width portion, and wherein a sum of the width between the groove portion in the second width portion and the first side surface and the width between the groove portion in the

Abstract: Surface-mounted piezoelectric devices are disclosed, of which an exemplary device includes a tuning-fork type piezoelectric vibrating piece having a base portion and a pair of vibrating arms extending from the base portion. The device includes a package defined by a wall. The package includes a cavity accommodating the tuning-fork type piezoelectric vibrating piece and at least one columnar body situated between the vibrating arms in the cavity.

Abstract: A quartz crystal unit comprising a quartz crystal tuning fork resonator capable of vibrating in a flexural mode of an inverse phase and having a quartz crystal tuning fork base, and first and second quartz crystal tuning fork tines connected to the quartz crystal tuning fork base, an electrode being disposed on each of two of side surfaces of each of the first and second quartz crystal tuning fork tines so that the electrode disposed on each of two of the side surfaces of the first quartz crystal tuning fork tine has an electrical polarity opposite to an electrical polarity of the electrode disposed on each of two of the side surfaces of the second quartz crystal tuning fork tine, a motional capacitance C1 of a fundamental mode of vibration of the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator being greater than a motional capacitance C2 of a second overtone mode of vibration thereof.

Abstract: Piezoelectric vibrating pieces are disclosed that have a base and a pair of vibrating arms extending from one end of the base in a designated direction. A respective groove is defined in each of the upper and lower surfaces of each vibrating arm. The grooves extend in the designated direction and have a first width. Each groove includes a respective rib feature having a second width that is narrower than the first width. A piezoelectric frame includes the piezoelectric device and an outer frame surrounding the device. A piezoelectric device includes the piezoelectric vibrating piece or piezoelectric frame, a lid, and a base.

Abstract: A flexural vibration piece includes a base, and a vibrating arms extending therefrom, each pair of vibrating arms has a first groove formed in the extension direction of the vibrating arm in one main surface following the direction in which the pair of vibrating arms are aligned, and a second groove formed side by side to the first groove in another main surface, the sum of the depths of the first and second groove portions is greater than the interval between the one main surface and the other main surface, and a mass portion is provided on each of the pair of vibrating arms, on the one main surface which is the opening side of the first grooves formed toward the outer sides opposite the inner sides on which the vibrating arms face each other.

Abstract: A tuning-fork-type bimorph piezoelectric vibrator includes two piezoelectric bodies that are bonded together and have opposite polarization directions. An intermediate metal layer is disposed between bonding surfaces of the piezoelectric bodies. A first slit is arranged to define legs and a base of the tuning fork structure. Second slits are provided in a first principal surface having a front metal layer to define driving/detecting electrodes. The tuning-fork-type bimorph piezoelectric vibrator provides improved temperature characteristics of a detuning frequency by not including a back metal layer on a second principal surface at least in an area in which greater than a predetermined level of stress is applied during operation.

Abstract: The piezoelectric vibrating piece (20) comprises a base portion (29) having an adhesive area on a first surface of electrically conductive adhesive 31 for mounting, a pair of vibrating arms (21) extending in a first direction from one edge of the base portion, base electrodes (23a, 25a) arranged in the base portion, an exciting electrode (23c, 25c) extending in a first direction and connecting the base electrode to excite a pair of vibrating arms. The area where the base electrodes (23a, 25a) conduct the electrically conductive adhesive (31) is smaller than the adhesive area (33).

Abstract: With a crystal vibrator, a package (housing) is produced by joining a base to a lid, and an internal space is formed within this package. A crystal resonator plate is held on the base in this internal space, and the internal space of the package is sealed airtight. In placing the crystal resonator plate on the base, the +X axial direction of the crystal resonator plate within the internal space is set.

Abstract: An object is to provide a tuning-fork type piezoelectric unit in which as well as maintaining the vibration characteristics in the stationary condition when miniaturized, the bond strength is maintained, and also the frequency change for before and after a drop impact test is suppressed.

Abstract: The coupled resonator comprises a first low frequency resonator, such as a balance spring (1) and a second higher frequency resonator, such as a tuning fork (2), the two resonators (1 and 2) including permanent mechanical coupling means. Application to the regulating system of a timepiece.

Abstract: A piezoelectric device has a piezoelectric vibration element mounted in a package wherein the piezoelectric vibration element comprises two stick-like vibration legs; a central leg provided between the two vibration legs; a coupling portion that couples one end of each of the two vibration legs and one end of the central leg; and a protrusion portion that is coupled to another end of the central leg, has a predetermined angle, neither 0 nor 180 degrees, to the length direction of the central leg, and extends into a direction not interfering with the driving legs. In making the piezoelectric device smaller and thinner, this configuration avoids interference between a support point on the central leg, provided for supporting the vibration element, and conductive electrodes, improves insulation between the conductive electrodes, and reduces the generation of short-circuits between the conductive electrodes.

Abstract: Providing a piezoelectric vibrating reed which has low disconnection possibility and ensures reliability for stable operation without requiring strict exposure position accuracy.

Abstract: Providing a piezoelectric vibrating reed which is capable of decreasing variation in the amount of etching residue as much as possible and suppressing influence of vibration loss on the vibration characteristics as much as possible.

Abstract: There is provided a piezoelectric vibrator 1 that includes a base substrate 2, a lid substrate 3, a piezoelectric vibrating reed 4, a pair of external electrodes 38 and 39, a pair of through electrodes 32 and 33, and routing electrodes 36 and 37. Both surfaces of the base substrate 2 are polished. The lid substrate 3 includes a recess 3a for a cavity C and is bonded to the base substrate. The piezoelectric vibrating reed 4 is bonded to the upper surface of the base substrate so as to be received in a cavity that is formed between the base substrate and the lid substrate. The pair of external electrodes 38 and 39 is formed on the lower surface of the base substrate. The pair of through electrodes 32 and 33 is formed so as to pass through the base substrate, maintains airtightness in the cavity, and is electrically connected to the pair of external electrodes, respectively.

Abstract: A piezoelectric vibrating reed includes a piezoelectric plate made of a piezoelectric material, a pair of exciter electrodes formed on outer surfaces of the piezoelectric plate and configured to vibrate the piezoelectric plate when a predetermined voltage is applied thereon, and a pair of mount electrodes electrically connected to the pair of exciter electrodes, respectively. One mount electrode in the pair of mount electrodes is formed on one surface (under surface) of the piezoelectric plate and the other mount electrode is formed on the other surface (top surface) of the piezoelectric plate in a state not to oppose the one mount electrode with the piezoelectric plate in between. Accordingly, not only can power be saved, but also higher performance can be achieved by lowering the R1 characteristic and thereby enhancing the vibration characteristic.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a case accommodating a piezoelectric vibrating piece therein in a piezoelectric oscillator including the piezoelectric vibrating piece, including the steps of: applying deep drawing to a conductive plate member to shape the plate member in a nearly cylindrical shape with a bottom; pressing an inner surface of a bottom part of the plate member by a punch for step drawing while an outer surface of the bottom part is being abutted against a surface including an opening of a hole of a die having an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the bottom part, whereby a projecting portion is formed on the outer surface of the bottom part; and cutting the plate member having the projecting portion at a predetermined position on the opening side thereof, whereby a case in a nearly cylindrical shape with a bottom having the projecting portion is obtained.

Abstract: A piezoelectric vibration element having a favorable drive level characteristic for miniaturization, and a piezoelectric oscillator. The piezoelectric vibration element includes a base made of a piezoelectric material, a plurality of vibration arms extended from the base, a long groove formed along a longitudinal direction of a main surface of each of the plurality of vibration arms, and an exciting electrode provided inside the long groove. A center position in a width dimension of the long groove is decentered in a minus X-axis direction from a center position of an arm width dimension.

Abstract: A tuning fork resonator element that has a base portion, first and second resonating arms extending from the base portion in a first direction, and a support frame sandwiching the first and second resonating arms and being connected to the base portion includes: a first excitation electrode, formed in an area close to a connection portion with the base portion of the support frame, being connected to a mount electrode with a conductive adhesive; a second excitation electrode, formed in at least one of an area sandwiching the first and second resonating arms of the support frame and an area positioned farther than the first and second resonating arms in the first direction, being connected to a mount electrode with the conductive adhesive; and a cut portion of the support frame formed on an external surface of the support frame.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a piezoelectric resonator element from a substrate made of piezoelectric material is provided. The method includes forming a first dry etching mask in a first masking region of a first surface of the substrate in a first mask forming process and performing a first dry etching process to remove a portion of the substrate in areas between the first dry etching mask after the first mask forming process. The method further includes maintaining a first un-etched portion of the substrate between the first dry etching mask after the first dry etching process and removing the first dry etching mask in a mask removing process after the first dry etching process. A wet etching process is performed to remove the first un-etched portion of the substrate after the mask removing process, thereby forming the piezoelectric resonator element.

Abstract: A flexural-mode tuning-fork type quartz crystal resonator includes a proximal portion, a pair of vibrating arm portions, and a plurality of first concave portions. The vibrating arm portions project in a direction from the proximal portion. The first concave portions are formed into groove shapes in the upper and lower principal surfaces of the proximal portion, and extend in the widthwise direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the pair of vibrating arm portions. The first concave portions formed in the upper principal surface of the proximal portion and those formed in the lower principal surface of the proximal portion are arranged at a predetermined interval not to face each other.

Abstract: A piezoelectric resonator includes a piezoelectric resonator element having a resonating arm and a metal film that is formed on the resonating arm; a package including a bottom part on which the piezoelectric resonator element is fixed and a frame wall that surrounds the bottom part, and having an opening above the bottom part; and a lid including a frame in which a through hole is provided and an optically transparent part that has an upper face and a lower face of the frame and is disposed at the through hole, the through hole penetrating a front face and a back face, the lower face of the optically transparent part being disposed so as to oppose the metal film, and the lid closing the opening of the package such that the lid overlaps with the bottom part and the frame wall, the through hole having a curved inner wall face whose curved face is coupled with at least one of the front face and the back face at least one opening edge of the front face and the back face and a vertical inner wall face that is pro

Abstract: There is disclosed a manufacturing method of a tuning-fork type quartz crystal resonator, in which a simple step can just be added to the existing manufacturing process to prevent generation of short-circuit at a crotch portion and largely improve yield. On a quartz crystal wafer, a metal film is formed on a quartz crystal substrate processed into a tuning-fork form by evaporation or sputtering, the metal film is patterned into desired electrode and wiring line shapes by photolithography/etching, and then a crotch portion 30 is irradiated with laser from a direction substantially vertical to a wafer surface to remove a non-etched metal film portion in the manufacturing method of the tuning-fork type quartz crystal resonator.

Abstract: A tuning fork flexural crystal vibration device includes a base, two vibration arms, grooves, electrodes, and wirings. The base has a flat plate shape. The two vibration arms have flat panel shapes extending from a side surface of the base in the same direction. The grooves are provided for the two vibration arms so as to extend from base-side end portions of the vibration arms along the longitudinal direction of the vibration arms and are depressed in the thickness direction of the vibration arms. The grooves include front-side grooves which open in the front main surfaces of the vibration arms and are provided at least one by one for each vibration arm, and rear-side grooves which open in the rear main surfaces of the vibration arms and are provided at least one by one for each vibration arm. The bottom surface of the front-side groove does not face the bottom surface of the rear-side groove provided in the same vibration arm in which the front-side groove is provided.

Abstract: The electronic apparatus comprises a display portion and a quartz crystal oscillator at least, and said electronic apparatus comprises at least one quartz crystal oscillator. Also, the at least one oscillator comprises a quartz crystal oscillating circuit comprising an amplification circuit and a feedback circuit. The feedback circuit is constructed by a flexural mode, quartz crystal tuning fork resonator or a length-extensional mode quartz crystal resonator and for example, the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator comprising tuning fork tines and tuning fork base that are formed integrally, is shown with novel shape and electrode construction. Also, the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator, capable of vibrating in a fundamental mode and having a high frequency stability can be provided with a small series resistance and a high quality factor, even when the tuning fork resonator is miniaturized.

Abstract: The electronic apparatus comprises a display portion and a quartz crystal oscillator at least, and said electronic apparatus comprises at least one quartz crystal oscillator. Also, the at least one oscillator comprises a quartz crystal oscillating circuit comprising an amplification circuit and a feedback circuit. The feedback circuit is constructed by a flexural mode, quartz crystal tuning fork resonator or a length-extensional mode quartz crystal resonator and for example, the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator comprising tuning fork tines and tuning fork base that are formed integrally, is shown with novel shape and electrode construction. Also, the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator, capable of vibrating in a fundamental mode and having a high frequency stability can be provided with a small series resistance and a high quality factor, even when the tuning fork resonator is miniaturized.

Abstract: A control apparatus and method for controlling an image display includes at least one reference object for generating a predetermined spectrum signal, a modulation unit for modulating the predetermined spectrum signal with a predetermined method, and a remote controller. The remote controller includes an image sensor for receiving the modulated predetermined spectrum signal and generating a digital signal and a processing unit for receiving the digital signal, demodulating the digital signal, and calculating an image variation of the image of the reference object formed on the digital image.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a quartz crystal unit comprises forming a quartz crystal tuning fork resonator that is capable of vibrating in a flexural mode of an inverse phase and that has a quartz crystal tuning fork base, and first and second quartz crystal tuning fork tines connected to the quartz crystal tuning fork base. An electrode is disposed on each of two of side surfaces of each of the first and second quartz crystal tuning fork tines so that the electrodes of the first quartz crystal tuning fork tine have an electrical polarity opposite to an electrical polarity of the electrodes of the second quartz crystal tuning fork tine, a motional capacitance C1 of a fundamental mode of vibration of the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator being greater than a motional capacitance C2 of a second overtone mode of vibration thereof.

Abstract: The measurement of the characteristic of the piezoelectric element of the oscillation device, particularly, the equivalent serial resistance value can be carried out without using a measurement device connected to the outside. An oscillation device causes oscillation by driving a piezoelectric element by means of an oscillation circuit, the equivalent serial resistance value of the piezoelectric element is determined on the basis of the voltage-current relationship between the output signal of the oscillation circuit of the oscillation device and the drive signal used when the oscillation circuit drives the piezoelectric element. The oscillation device has a piezoelectric element, an oscillation circuit that drives the oscillation of the piezoelectric element through feedback of the drive signal to the drive terminal of the piezoelectric element, and a drive signal switch circuit that controls the external output of the drive signal of the oscillation circuit.

Abstract: A flexural vibration piece includes: a flexural vibrator that has a first region on which a compressive stress or a tensile stress acts due to vibration and a second region having a relationship in which a tensile stress acts thereon when a compressive stress acts on the first region and a compressive stress acts thereon when a tensile stress acts on the first region, and performs flexural vibration in a first plane; and a heat conduction path, in the vicinity of the first region and the second region, that is formed of a material having a thermal conductivity higher than that of the flexural vibrator and thermally connects between the first region and the second region, wherein when m is the number of heat conduction paths, ?th is the thermal conductivity of the heat conduction path, ?v is the thermal conductivity of the flexural vibrator, tv is the thickness of the flexural vibrator in a direction orthogonal to the first plane, and tth is the thickness of the heat conduction path, a relationship of tth?(tv/

Abstract: The electronic apparatus comprises a display portion and a quartz crystal oscillator at least, and said electronic apparatus comprises at least one quartz crystal oscillator. Also, the at least one oscillator comprises a quartz crystal oscillating circuit comprising an amplification circuit and a feedback circuit. The feedback circuit is constructed by a flexural mode, quartz crystal tuning fork resonator or a length-extensional mode quartz crystal resonator and for example, the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator comprising tuning fork tines and tuning fork base that are formed integrally, is shown with novel shape and electrode construction. Also, the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator, capable of vibrating in a fundamental mode and having a high frequency stability can be provided with a small series resistance and a high quality factor, even when the tuning fork resonator is miniaturized.

Abstract: A flexural resonator element includes a base body and a beam with a groove and a through-hole, the beam being extended in a Y direction from the base body and flexurally vibrating in an X direction orthogonal to the Y direction, the groove being formed on a surfaces of the beam perpendicular to a Z direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction, and the through-hole having a smaller width in the X direction than a width of an opening of the groove in the X direction and penetrating from an inner surface of the groove formed on the surface of the beam to a surface of the beam opposite to the surface of the beam having the groove.

Abstract: A tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece (20) is comprised of a base portion (23) comprising a piezoelectric material, a pair of parallel vibrating arms (21) with a designated thickness (D3) and width (W3) extend from the base portion, and a pair of weight portions (28) are formed by enlarging the width (W4) of the distal ends pair of vibrating arms. A cross-section of the pair of weight portions is formed symmetric with a central axis which is center of the pair of vibrating arms, and at least one portion of the pair of weight portions has a thickness which is less than the designated thickness (D3).

Abstract: In an exemplary method a profile outline of a desired piezoelectric vibrating piece is formed on a surface of a piezoelectric wafer. The piece includes a base and at least two arms extending from the base. On a surface of the wafer within the profile outline, a first metal layer is formed comprising at least one of Cr, Ni, and Ti. A second metal layer, of Au and/or Ag, is formed on at least one selected region of the first metal layer. An electrode pattern is formed on at least one selected region of the second metal layer. From at least one selected location within the electrode pattern, the second metal layer is peeled away to form an electrode on the piezoelectric vibrating device comprising the first metal layer but not the second metal layer.

Abstract: A quartz crystal unit comprising a case having an interior space and a mounting portion in the interior space, and a quartz crystal resonator having a base portion and first and second vibrational arms, the quartz crystal resonator being vibratable in a flexural mode, a capacitance ratio r1 of a fundamental mode of vibration of the quartz crystal resonator being less than a capacitance ratio r2 of a second overtone mode of vibration thereof, a mounting arm protruding from the base portion and extending in a common direction with at least one of the first and second vibrational arms, the mounting arm being mounted on the mounting portion of the case, an electrode being disposed on a surface of the mounting arm and a surface in the interior space of the case, the electrode disposed on the surface of the mounting arm being connected to the electrode disposed on the surface in the interior space of the case.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectric resonator of which vibration frequency can be accurately adjusted and the adjustment accuracy of the vibration frequency can be improved. The piezoelectric resonator of the present invention includes an vibrating arm extended from a base, and a metal film for adjusting frequency formed along the longitudinal direction from the tip of the vibrating arm, in which the metal film for adjusting frequency is provided with a block pattern divided into a plurality of blocks in compliance with the amount of frequency adjustment. Structuring as above, the frequency adjustment of the piezoelectric resonator is conducted by eliminating the blocks in compliance with the amount of frequency adjustment one by one, which makes it possible to adjust the vibration frequency with accuracy.

Abstract: A tuning fork type piezoelectric resonator element includes: a base including a pair of cuts provided opposite from each other and a constricted part located between the pair of cuts, a pair of resonator arms extending from the base, and an excitation electrode provided to each of the pair of resonator arms. When the pair of resonator arms vibrate at an inherent resonance frequency fcom of a common mode at which the pair of resonator arms swing in a same direction, a node of the vibration of the common mode is located at the constricted part.

Abstract: An electronic component includes: a functional piece having a predetermined function; a bump electrode formed on the functional piece, the bump electrode including a core with elastic property and a conductive film provided on a surface of the core; and a holding unit for holding a conductive contact state between the bump electrode and a connecting electrode which is electrically conducted to a driving circuit. The electronic component is coupled to the connecting electrode, and elastic deformation of the core causes the conductive film to make conductive contact with the connecting electrode.

Abstract: A quartz crystal tuning fork resonator has quartz crystal tuning fork tines for undergoing vibration in an inverse phase. Each of the quartz crystal tuning fork tines has a first main surface and a second main surface opposite the first main surface, each of the first and second main surfaces having a central linear portion. The quartz crystal tuning fork tines extend from a quartz crystal tuning fork base. At least one groove is formed in the central linear portion of each of the first and second main surfaces of each of the quartz crystal tuning fork tines. A width of the groove in the central linear portion of one of the first and second main surfaces of each of the quartz crystal tuning fork tines is greater than or equal to a distance in the width direction of the groove measured from an outer edge of the groove to an outer edge of the tuning fork tine.