Abstract: A flat type cathode ray tube. Electrode beams are vertically emitted from electron beam emitting sources along vertical scanning electrodes which have a strip-shaped configuration in horizontal direction and are insulated from each other and lined up in the vertical direction. The beams turn at a predetermined position toward a phosphor screen for vertically scanning and are horizontally focussed and deflected onto the phosphor screen by horizontal focussing and deflection electrodes.

Abstract: An electromagnetic deflection unit for use in a projection television display tube, includes: a system of line deflection coils having two oppositely located saddle coils each with their longitudinal conductor groups which are to be positioned on either side of the longitudinal axis of the display tube. At the screen-sided end the conductor groups of the oppositely located saddle coils are located at a first distance, on one side of the tube axis and on the other side they are located at a second, smaller distance from each other, whereas at the gun-sided end the situation is just the reverse. The distances at the screen-sided end are adjusted to generate a 4-pole component upon energization of the line deflection coil system, which component renders the raster to be written on the display screen trapezoidal. The distances at the gun-sided end are adjusted to generate a 4-pole component which is opposite to the 4-pole component generated in the proximity of the screen-sided end.

Abstract: A deflection yoke field modifying device corrects N-S pincushion distortion without increasing A-zone convergence errors. The device may be of the form of a ferrite ring which is located near the electron beam exit end of the deflection yoke. The ring may be mounted on the yoke insulator. The ring shunts flux from the vertical deflection field in order to provide the desired N-S pincushion correction.

Abstract: An acceleration and scan expansion lens system for use in an electron discharge tube provides scan expanion in which the amount of scan expansion provided in the horizontal direction is independent of the amount of scan expansion provided in the vertical direction. In a preferred embodiment, the lens system (10) is employed in a cathode-ray tube (12) which has greater deflection sensitivity in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction. The lens system includes a mesh electrode structure (62) that has a dome-shaped mesh element (66) which is supported by an electrically connected to a metallic cylindrical support element (70). The dome-shaped mesh element is formed to have a concave surface as viewed in the propagation direction (35) of the electron beam and is of rotationally symmetric shape. The lens system also includes an annular electrode element (64) that has an aperture of elliptical shape and is positioned adjacent the output end of the mesh electrode structure.

Abstract: Display tube such as a projection television display tube or a DGD tube (DGD=Data Graphic Display), including an electron gun (5) in an evacuated envelope (1) for generating an electron beam (6) which is focussed to a spot (8) on a display screen (7) with the aid of an electrostatic focussing lens (27, 30) and which is deflected across the display screen (7) in two mutually perpendicular directions (x, y). If a correction structure (37) consisting of magnetic half-hard material is provided in such a tube in the proximity of the focussing lens (27, 30) and coaxially of the gun axis (20) in which at least one magnetic 2N pole (N.gtoreq.2) is induced for correcting spot shape errors, a high spot quality can be realized with low-cost deep-drawn lens electrodes (27, 30).

Abstract: An improved mesh lens for PDA-type cathode-ray tubes is constructed in a manner that permits deformation into a concavo-convex shape with a substantially shorter radius of curvature than heretofore obtainable with prior art devices. A mesh lens (12) formed in accordance with this invention particularly comprises of multitude of interconnected webs (58) forming an array of apertures (60). Each web (58) has opposing ends and a midline (62) extending between those ends. The mesh (12) is configured so that an individual aperture (60) of the array is formed by a set of webs (58) interconnected at their ends. The midline (62) of each web in the undeformed mesh defines a bent line. The mesh can be deformed into a concavo-convex shape having a relatively short radius of curvature. This is so because the individual webs of the mesh respond to the application of deformation forces by initially straightening, thereby effectively delaying the development of tensile stresses in the webs.

Abstract: An apparatus for pulsing an electron beam in an electron beam test probe used for examining integrated circuits is disclosed. The apparatus includes a structure having two intersecting channels cut therein. The electron beam passes through a first one of these channels enroute to the integrated circuit being tested. A linear conductor is disposed along the axis of the second channel such that the combination of said conductor and said second channel forms a coaxial transmission line. An electric field is generated in the second channel by applying a suitable potential between the linear conductor and the second channel. This electric field extends into the first channel from the region common to both channels.

Abstract: A three electron gun color picture tube includes phosphorescent marks attached to the rear side fo the shadow mask. These marks can be used for checking the exact position of the electron beams during adjustment.

Abstract: A color picture tube comprising three electron-gun systems, in which on the shadow mask or a part connected thereto, phosphorescent marks are attached to the rear side thereof. These marks can be used for checking the exact position of the electron beams during adjustment. By suitably delaying the chrominance signals it is possible to improve the E-W convergence.

Abstract: A flat cathode-ray tube wherein a horizontally uniform sheet-like electron beam is vertically deflected and modulated with a video signal, with the modulated electron beam irradiating a portion of a phosphor screen, includes a modulation electrode assembly arranged by n electrode groups, each consisting of at least one first electrode group and at least one second electrode group, the first electrode group having vertically elongated stripe electrodes, each having one or n (n is an integer of 2 or more) openings or slits corresponding to each pel and which are aligned in the horizontal direction on at least one plane such that all openings are equidistantly formed, the second electrode group having the same construction as the first electrode group or being arranged such that vertically elongated stripe electrodes, each having n openings or slits corresponding to n pels along the horizontal direction are aligned on at least one plane to equidistantly form the openings along the horizontal direction, all the o

Abstract: An electron beam deflection yoke for use in a cathode ray tube (CRT) includes a plastic housing within which are symmetrically positioned a pair of horizontal coils and on the outside of which are symmetrically mounted a pair of vertical coils wound on respective halves of a cracked ferrite core. Integral with and on the outside of the housing, or yoke liner, are two pairs of flexible members, or ribs, aligned with the longitudinal axis of the housing, positioned 180.degree. from each other around the circular circumference of the housing, and adapted to engage an inner surface of a respective one-half ferrite core between the coil windings thereon. The flexible ribs are adapted to receive core elements having a wide range of thicknesses and inner dimensions and to maintain the one-half ferrite cores, which are coupled together and held in position by resilient clips, concentric relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing.

Abstract: A deviator associated with an autoconvergent color image tube is modified so that it may be used in combination with a tube of the same type, but having an image screen of smaller size, the horizontal and/or vertical deviation center being displaced. According to the invention, a magnetic screen is placed across the magnetic field lines produced by the vertical and horizontal deviation coils whereby the deviation centers are displaced without any modification of the coils.

Abstract: An electron beam deflection structure (10) of the traveling wave type includes first and second deflection members (52 and 58) positioned on opposite sides of and extending along the path of an electron beam (26) to deflect the beam in response to deflection signals applied to the deflection members. In a preferred embodiment, both deflection members are of a meander line type which include a plurality of deflection plate segments (74, 76) connected in series by a plurality of lead portions (78) to form a pair of transmission lines, each transmission line having a characteristic impedance that tends to vary with distance along the path of the electron beam due to a flared spacing between the output portions of the deflection members. Pitch compensation including different pitches for the first and second deflection members increases and maintains substantially uniform the characteristic impedance of each transmission line to prevent reflection of the deflection signal back toward the input end of the line.

Abstract: A convergence unit for an in-line color cathode ray tube consists of two E-shaped cores, preferably formed of strip-shaped soft-magnetic material. Each E-core has two relatively long limbs extending from a central relatively short pole piece to end relatively short pole pieces windings extend around the limbs which are substantially parallel to a tangent to the neck of the CRT so that the magnetic fields due to individual turns reinforce the magnetic fields between the pole pieces.Preferably each E-core has each of its two windings extending over both limbs, one being reverse wound, so that the mutual inductance between the two windings is zero.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube including feedback means capable of producing a feedback signal indicative of the position, in at least two dimensions, of a scanning electron beam. The feedback means comprises a plurality of feedback elements disposed at selected locations within the tube enclosure. With a shadow-mask type CRT, the elements are formed on the gun-side surface of the shadow mask itself. With other kinds of CRT's, the elements are formed either on an interior supporting member or on the interior surface of the display medium. In one embodiment, the elements are formed of a phosphorescent material. In other embodiments, the elements are formed of materials capable of producing, upon excitation by a scanning electron beam, signals of visual or electrical character. The signals thus produced may be employed in a closed-loop correction system to accomplish automatic convergence and/or geometric adjustment of a displayed image.

Abstract: A deflection yoke for a picture tube of a projection color television receiver set has a solenoid-shaped auxiliary coil arranged adjacent to a core of the deflection yoke with a center axis of the auxiliary coil being aligned to a center axis of the deflection yoke. A vertical deflection current or a horizontal deflection current is supplied to the auxiliary coil. An electron beam is deflected by a magnetic field generated by the current of the auxiliary coil so that a raster formed on a face plate of the picture tube is deformed. The raster is deformed to such an extent that it has a correct shape when it is projected on a screen.

Abstract: A television display system includes a kinescope producing an electron beam and a deflection yoke for deflecting the electron beam to form a raster on a display screen of the kinescope. A field forming apparatus is located external to the yoke for correcting side pincushion distortion of the raster on the kinescope display screen. The field forming apparatus comprises a pair of magnetically permeable flux gathering members located on opposite sides of the yoke within the stray field produced by the vertical deflection coils of the yoke. Flux channeling members carry the flux from the flux gathering members to flux directing members at the front of the yoke where the appropriate distortion correction field is formed. The flux channeling members include a part that extends perpendicular to the kinescope so as to place the flux directing members close to the funnel of the kinescope in order to generate a field of sufficient intensity to provide the desired amount of pincushion distortion correction.

Abstract: An electron beam deflection yoke is located within the glass envelope of a cathode ray tube to increase deflection sensitivity and decrease deflection power consumption. The yoke comprises a plurality of elongated core members with pole pieces formed at one end. The horizontal and vertical deflection coils are wound on the elongated core members and are energized to produce deflection fields. Deflection field return flux in the core causes fields to be formed between the pole pieces. Magnetically permeable shielding means interact with the fields produced by the coils to shield the electron beam from the deflection fields outside the region occupied by the pole pieces, resulting in a shorter deflection region which allows wider beam deflection angles.

Abstract: A projection color television receiver set comprises three picture tubes juxtaposed to one another and producing red, green and blue light images which are projected through respective lenses onto a single screen to be reproduced as a single synthesized color picture. In order that rectangular rasters produced by the picture tubes disposed at both sides of the center picture tube are prevented from being deformed into trapezoidal rasters when projected on the screen, deflecting yokes used in the lateral picture tubes are provided with horizontal deflection winding in such arrangement that trapezoidal rasters are produced on faceplates of the laterally disposed picture tubes, respectively, which rasters are projected in a rectangular form on the single screen in alignment with the rectangular raster produced and projected from the center picture tube, whereby a color picture of an improved quality is reproduced on the screen, involving substantially no misconvergence.

Abstract: In a deflection unit for in-line color television display tubes, flux altering elements are provided between the field and line deflection coils, near the center of the field deflection coil, the flux altering means extending substantially parallel to the field deflection field. As a result of these measures, such a deflection unit combines a good astigmatism level with an acceptably small frame coma error and a reduced EW-frame distortion.

Abstract: An electron beam deflection structure for a high frequency cathode-ray tube incorporates a meanderline slow wave circuit that is supported directly by the same glass rods used to support other portions of the CRT's beam forming and deflection system. To accomplish this, elongate loops that serially interconnect a plurality of deflection plate segments are bent away from the plane of the segments (and the beam axis) and joined by integral support strips to the rods. The elimination of a separate support structure for the deflectors greatly reduces manufacturing costs.

Abstract: A high power gyro device includes a source of electrons. The electrons from this source are formed into a beam in which individual electrons are made to follow helical paths by a DC magnetic field. The angular velocity of the beam electrons is modulated as the beam passes through an oscillating electric field in a resonant cavity or waveguide so that a high power electromagnetic wave is established in the region as a result of an interaction between the beam and field. A collector for the beam is positioned on the axis, while an output waveguide for the wave is positioned at right angles to the axis. Upstream of the collector, the wave is reflected to the output waveguide by a reflecting surface having an aperture for passing the electron beam to the collector.

Abstract: A broadband electron beam deflection apparatus particularly for a tube in which its electron beam can be focused, varied in position and varied in intensity, consisting in the form of a pair of helices each having a flat surface adjacent to the optical axis of the electron beam and also being precisely maintained in a diverging direction to such axis over the length thereof is provided. The apparatus consists of two individual helix assemblies each composed of separate components combined into a single unit in a manner whereby symmetry and desired characteristic impedance is controlled by the dimensions of the helix and having an end-to-end propagation time equal to the electron beam velocity due to the pitch and circumference of the helix.

Abstract: A charged particle beam deflector having a bimodal resonant cavity through which a charged particle beam is passed along the cavity axis. The cavity is excited in a first mode by applying a first rf signal to the cavity through a first magnetic feed loop on the side of the cavity, and in a second mode orthogonal to the first mode by applying a second rf signal to the cavity through a second magnetic feed loop located on the side of the cavity at a circumferential angle of approximately 90.degree. from the first feed loop. The first mode deflects the beam along a first diametric axis passing through the cavity axis and the first loop location and the second mode deflects the beam along a second diametric axis which is substantially perpendicular to the first diametric axis. The rf signals to the feed loops are normally of identical frequency but may differ in ampitude and in phase from one another or from the beam to provide various controlled scan patterns.

Abstract: A novel method and apparatus for achieving electrostatic deflection of high current ion beams within a scanning apparatus. In one embodiment, a pair of gates are provided, with one gate being oriented proximate each side of the deflection plates, and each gate being biased to a negative voltage of a sufficient amplitude to repel electrons which otherwise would be attracted to the positively-biased deflection plates to thereby protect the electron cloud from degradation, and maintain space charge neutralization of the ion beam. In another embodiment, means are provided to drive the deflection plates at negative voltages at all times and to maintain portions of the ground tube of the apparatus adjacent the deflection plates at a ground or negative level in order to avoid degradation of the electron sheath.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for enhancing the edges of video images displayed on a cathode ray tube. The scanning velocity of the cathode ray tube electron beam is modulated so as to counteract the blurring effect which occurs when a video amplitude transition causes an increase in beam current and a corresponding increase in the size of the electron beam spot at the screen of the cathode ray tube. When such a transition occurs, the beam is deflected in the direction of normal scan at a rate which corresponds to the rate of change in the size of the diameter of the spot so as to substantially arrest the spot edge, thereby causing a displayed video transition to have a better defined vertical edge. Horizontal edges of images are sharpened by auxiliary vertical deflection of the electron beam. Image edges are further improved by a video peaking scheme which eliminates the large spot size growth usually associated with large amplitude video transitions which have been peaked.