Abstract: An electron emission device is provided which has sufficient on/off characteristics and is capable of efficiently emitting electrons with a low voltage. An electron emission device includes a substrate, a cathode electrode, a gate electrode, which are arranged on the substrate, an insulation layer covering the surface of the cathode electrode, and a dipole layer formed by terminating the surface of the insulation layer with hydrogen.

Abstract: An AMOLED display system, including an AMOLED display panel receiving a video signal, includes a video driver receiving the video signal and generating a video drive signal indicative of the video signal and referenced to a positive power supply voltage of the display panel, and a current driver coupled to an OLED pixel element receiving the video drive signal and the positive power supply voltage and providing a drive current to the OLED pixel element. The drive current is proportional to a current drive voltage which is indicative of the video signal and independent of the positive power supply voltage. In one embodiment, the video drive signal is indicative of the sum of or the difference between the positive power supply voltage and the video signal and the current drive voltage is indicative of the difference between the positive power supply voltage and the video drive signal.

Abstract: There is explained a plasma display panel that is adaptive for improving brightness uniformity of an entire panel. A plasma display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention has a width, a thickness and a gap of a driving electrode, barrier ribs, a black matrix and a dielectric layer etc in a central area set differently from those in a peripheral area of the plasma display panel.

Abstract: A first electrode layer capable of transmitting visible light, a displaying layer, whose optical characteristics alter in accordance with an electric field, an optical switching layer capable of exhibiting electrical conductivity when being exposed to an electromagnetic wave, and a second electrode layer, which is provided with linear electrodes arrayed in parallel and capable of transmitting the electromagnetic wave, are overlaid in this order. A voltage is applied to each of the linear electrodes and in accordance with image information. Scanning with the electromagnetic wave is performed in two-dimensional directions and from the side of the second electrode layer, the optical characteristics of the displaying layer altering in accordance with an electric field formed between the first electrode layer and the optical switching layer, the image information being thereby displayed.

Abstract: The invention provides a semiconductor device which performs a write operation of a signal current rapidly to a current input type pixel. Before inputting a signal current, a precharge operation is performed by flowing a large current. After that, a signal current is inputted to perform the set operation. A predetermined potential can be obtained rapidly as the precharge operation is performed before the set operation. The predetermined potential is approximately equal to a potential after completing the set operation. Therefore, the set operation can be rapidly performed and a write operation of a signal current can be rapidly performed. By using two transistors, a gate width W can be long or a gate length L can be short in the precharge operation or the gate width W can be short and the gate length L can be long in the set operation.

Abstract: The subject invention pertains to a method of spark processing silicon and resulting materials. The subject invention also relates to electroluminescent devices incorporating the materials produced by the subject method. The subject method for spark-processing can enhance the EL output, as compared with conventional spark-processed (sp) silicon. The enhancement of EL output can be due, at least in part, to increasing the light emitting area. The subject method can smooth the sp surface, so as to allow more complete coverage of the sp area with a continuous, semitransparent, conducting film. The smoothening of the sp surface can be accomplished by, for example, introducing into the spark plasma a volatile liquid, such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, in which particles can be suspended and/or in which a heavy ion salt is dissolved. The particles preferably float in the volatile liquid, rather than settle quickly. In a specific embodiment, silicon particles in the range of about 0.

Abstract: A PDP driving method that reduces the reset voltage of the PDP driving waveforms to make it possible to use low-voltage elements and to achieve high contrasts is disclosed. Since conventional PDP waveforms require very high reset voltages, it causes a problem of intense background light emissions, low contrasts, use of high-voltage components, and increased circuit costs. According to the driving waveforms of the present invention, relative voltage differences between the address electrode and the X electrode and between the X electrode and the Y electrode are considered to design waveforms of low reset voltages, thereby providing high contrasts and low-cost circuit.

Abstract: A bottom and top emission OLED structure includes: first and second anodes; first and second organic light-emitting layers disposed between the first and second anodes. A first electrode may be disposed between the first and second organic light-emitting layers or first and second electrically isolated electrodes may be disposed between the first and second organic light-emitting layers.

Abstract: Electroluminescent panels for use in battery operated devices include a driver circuit and a plurality of panel regions having a capacitance. Each panel region has a substitute capacitor with a capacitance substantially equal to the capacitance of the panel region concerned. The driver circuit switches between the panel region and the substitute capacitor, switching the panel region on and off. The capacitance of the load on the driver circuit does not change. The electroluminescent panels can have an elimination layer that eliminates noise produced by the emission layer in operation caused by changes in emission layer thickness. The elimination layer is added to the panel and operated in phase opposition to the emission layer. Changes in layer thickness occurring in operation in the emission layer are offset by changes in thickness in the elimination layer. Thus, the overall thickness of the panel is constant.

Abstract: A semiconductor device in which electrostatic discharge damage during manufacturing steps is prevented. More specifically, a semiconductor device in which electrostatic discharge damage during a step in which the formation of a pixel electrode is completed is prevented. A semiconductor device of the invention comprises a light emitting element, a driving transistor and a protection means disposed between the light emitting element and the driving transistor. The protection means comprises as least one of a resistor element, a capacitor element and a rectifier element. More specifically, the protection means is disposed between a pixel electrode of the light emitting element and a source electrode or a drain electrode of the driving transistor. It is to be noted that the rectifier element is an element having a rectifying function and corresponds to a diode or a transistor whose drain electrode and gate electrode are connected to each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides a LED driver for control the brightness of the LED. An energy-transferred element and a switch are connected in series with the LED for controlling the current of the LED. A diode is coupled to the energy-transferred element for freewheeling the energy of the energy-transferred element through the LED. A control circuit is developed to generate a control signal for switching the switch in response to the LED current. The LED current is further adjusted in response to a voltage signal of the LED. The value of the voltage signal is correlated to the LED temperature. Therefore the LED current can be programmed in accordance with the LED temperature.

Abstract: The luminance of light emitting elements varies when the characteristics thereof change due to changes in environment temperature and changes with time. It is an object of the present invention to suppress the effect of the change in current value of a light emitting element due to the changes of environment temperature and changes with time. The invention provides a display device provided with a compensation function for the changes in environment temperature and a compensation function for the change with time. The display device of the invention includes a light emitting element, a driving transistor connected to the light emitting element, and a monitoring light emitting element. By using this monitoring light emitting element, an effect of the change of current value of the light emitting element due to the change of environment temperature and change with time can be suppressed.

Abstract: A display pixel circuit having a data line loading circuit with a first capacitor, a first reset circuit coupled with the data line loading circuit, and a diode coupled to the data line loading circuit. The display pixel circuit also includes a second capacitor associated with the diode, and a second reset circuit coupled with the second capacitor. The first reset circuit is configured to reset the first capacitor. The second reset circuit is configured to reset the second capacitor, and the diode is driven by a constant current after resetting the first capacitor and the second capacitor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a LED driver for controlling the brightness of the LED. An inductor and a switch are connected in series with the LED for controlling the current of the LED. A diode is coupled in parallel to the inductor for freewheeling the energy of the inductor through the LED. A control circuit is developed to generate a control signal for switching the switch in response a reflected signal of inductor and the LED current. The LED current is further adjusted in response to the reflected signal. The value of the reflected signal is correlated to the LED temperature. Therefore the LED current can be programmed in accordance with the LED temperature.

Abstract: An image sensor includes an array of pixels arranged in rows and columns. A reference current source provides the reference current to a transistor forming one half of a current mirror. Each column has a current source, which forms the other half of a current mirror. A switch is provided to selectively connect a resistance between ground and the transistor. When the resistance is connected, the transistor is starved of gate-source voltage, which reduces the current supplied by each current source.

Abstract: An OLED display device includes an array of light emitting pixels, each pixel having three or more OLEDs for emitting different colors of light specifying a gamut and at least one additional OLED for emitting a color of light within the gamut, wherein the power efficiency of the additional OLED is higher than the luminance efficiency of at least one of the three or more OLEDs; and means for driving the OLEDs in the pixels to produce a given color and luminance at a reduced power usage.

Abstract: An image-forming device having, in an envelope, an electron-emitting element, an image-forming member for forming an image by irradiation of an electron beam emitted from the electron-emitting element, and an electroconductive supporting member for supporting the envelope. The potential of the supporting member is controlled to not be higher than the maximum potential applied to the electron-emitting element. The electron-emitting element and the image-forming member can be placed in juxtaposition on the same substrate, an electro-conductive substrate can be additionally provided in opposition to the face of the substrate, and the supporting member can be connected electrically to one of the electrodes and also to the electro-conductive substrate.

Abstract: A light-emitting device comprises a stack of organic electroluminescent (EL) elements, wherein an organic EL element in the stack overlaps at least a portion of another organic EL element, and the organic EL elements are electrically separate. Each of the organic EL elements of the stack is activated with a different level of voltage.

Abstract: An organic EL display device and a method of producing the same wherein superior connection reliability can be obtained between a thin film transistor and a lower electrode of an organic EL element even if a color-converting medium is provided adjacent light-emitting face of the organic EL element. For this purpose, in an active-driving type organic EL display device comprising an organic EL element made so as to have an organic luminous medium sandwiched between an upper electrode and a lower electrode, and a thin film transistor for controlling luminescence of the organic EL element, the luminescence of the organic EL element is taken out from the lower electrode, a color-converting medium is provided adjacent the lower electrode, and an inclined electrically connecting member is set between the lower electrode and the thin film transistor.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel having cathodes, gates, and anodes in which the cathodes and the gates are connected in a matrix manner, and an electron emitter which emits electrons in a state where a voltage is applied only between the cathodes and the anodes and which is provided with the cathode. A display of pixels is performed under a dark state by stopping electron emission from the electron emitter for the anodes by applying a stop voltage between the cathodes and the gates. In addition, a controller controls operation of a circuit for driving a display panel in such a way that a potential of each of the anodes becomes not less than a threshold value potential by which the potential of each of the anodes can perform electron emission from the electron emitter after a predetermined time elapse from starting of application of a drive voltage which provides a specified display state or the stop voltage between the cathodes and the gates when a display starting signal is generated.

Abstract: A method of driving a display apparatus includes the steps of (a) providing the display apparatus with a plurality of pixel circuits having an electroluminescence element, a driving transistor for providing driving current to drive the electroluminescence element and a capacitor connected to a gate of the driving transistor, and a column control circuit comprising a transistor, a first switch for providing a voltage signal to a gate of the transistor through a capacitor element, a switch circuit for connecting the gate of the transistor to a reference voltage source, and a second switch capable of providing a current signal to the plurality of pixel circuits from the transistor, and (b) inputting a voltage of blanking level to the capacitor element through the first switch while connecting the gate of the transistor to the reference voltage source by the switch circuit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a PDP image display method and device for dividing an image of each frame displayed on a PDP corresponding to an input video signal into subfields, each subfield corresponding to a bit that represents one of a plurality of luminance weights, combining luminance weights of the subfields, and displaying gray. The subfields include first and second subfield groups. A number of the subfields included in the second subfield group is greater than a number of the subfields included in the first subfield group. At least one of the subfields, which is used for forming low gray, is included in the second subfield group, and a start point of the second subfield group is varied according to a load ratio of the input video signal.

Abstract: A display current of a whole gray scale range according to a display signal of four bits is produced from a sum of output currents of an analog current supply circuit producing a first output current according to lower data bits and two digital current supply circuits operating in accordance with corresponding data bits to execute or stop generation of second and third output currents according to higher data bits. The analog current supply circuit has a calibration function of compensating for output current variations due to transistor characteristics at one point in a control range of the first output current. A display device with light-emitting elements can accurately generate a display current for gray-scale expression without imposing an excessive load on a manufacturing process while suppressing circuit footprint.

Abstract: A front substrate of an image display device has a phosphor screen and a metal back layer superposed on the phosphor screen. A plurality of electron emitting elements which emit electrons toward the phosphor screen are located on a rear substrate opposed to the front substrate. The metal back layer has a region which corresponds to the phosphor screen and is divided by gaps g1 in a first direction and gaps g2 in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction such that there are relations g1<g2, and ?g1<?g2, where ?g1 and ?g2 are sheet resistances at the gaps g1 and g2, respectively.

Abstract: An electro-luminescence display which obtains proper color realization even though identical data driving waveforms are applied to each group of R, G and B pixel cells. In the display, a plurality of data lines cross a plurality of gate lines to define a plurality of pixel cell areas. A plurality of power supply lines pass through the pixel cell areas. A switching device is provided in each pixel cell area in such a manner to be electrically connected to the gate line and the data line. A plurality of driving devices are patterned based on a ratio of channel width to channel length in accordance with the type of pixel cell area. Each driving device having a gate connected to one electrode of the switching device and a source connected to the power supply line at each of the pixel cell areas. A plurality of EL diodes are connected to the plurality of driving devices, respectively. A wiring is commonly connected to the plurality of power supply lines.

Abstract: An electron emission device and a method of driving the electron emission device are capable of preventing the deterioration of luminance in displaying moving images by inhibiting the emission delay. The electron emission device includes cathode electrodes, gate electrodes formed over the cathode electrodes, and an insulating layer disposed between the cathode electrodes and the gate electrodes. Electron emission regions are formed on the cathode electrodes to emit electrons under the application of electric fields generated due to a difference between voltages applied to the cathode electrodes and the gate electrodes. A driving unit applies voltages to the cathode electrodes and the gate electrodes. An anode electrode receives a positive voltage to accelerate the electrons emitted from the electron emission regions. A first voltage Vc applied to the cathode electrodes and a second voltage Vg applied to the gate electrodes satisfy the following condition: 0.4?Vc/Vg<0.8.

Abstract: A cold cathode type flat panel display which is an image display device including a vacuum panel container composed of a cathode substrate in which plural cold cathode type electron sources are arranged, an anode substrate, plural spacers for supporting the cathode substrate and the anode substrate, and a glass frame. Plural electrical lines extend in a line direction and a row direction across an interlayer insulator on the cathode substrate. Parts of lines positioned in an upper layer of the plural electrical lines are made into scan lines and lines positioned in a lower layer are made into data lines. Further, parts of the electrical lines positioned in the upper layer are made into ground lines for giving ground voltage to the spacers.

Abstract: A driving method for an active matrix OLED display. In the driving method, a first current is provided to flow through an OLED of a pixel in a first period of one display period, according to a video signal on the data electrode and a scan signal on the scan electrode. Next, a second current is provided to flow through the OLED in a second period of the display period to neutralize carrier accumulation inside the OLED, wherein the first current and the second current flow in opposite directions.

Abstract: A power module for a field emission display and a method of power generation are described. More particularly, the power module and method of power generation both are for the field emission display in diode structure. The power module has a direct current (DC) power source, a pulse width modulation circuit connected to the DC power source for generating a pulse width modulation signal, an electronic switch connected to the pulse width modulation circuit for receiving the modulation signal so as to convert the DC power into a high-frequency alternating power supplied to the primary side of a transformer. Moreover, the second side of the transformer generates a high-voltage and a high-frequency power source to the field emission display.

Abstract: A driving apparatus of a multiple-scanning driving circuit relating to a simple pixel structure of 2T1C (2 TFTs and 1 capacitor) includes a write-scan circuit, an erase-scan circuit and a data driving circuit. A write-enable line connected to the write-scan and the data driving circuits is used to control the signals of these two circuits. One erase-enable line connected to the erase-scan and the data driving circuits is used to control the signals of these two circuits. Thus, a circuit system of time-multiplex multiple write-scan and erase-scan is completed to solve the problems of a low time utility rate and an insufficient luminance in a digital driving AMOLED system.

Abstract: A capacitive load driving circuit has an input terminal, a front-edge delay circuit delaying a front edge of an input signal input via the input terminal, a back-edge delay circuit delaying a back edge of the input signal, an amplifying circuit amplifying a drive control signal obtained through the front-edge delay circuit and the back-edge delay circuit, and an output switch device which is driven by the amplifying circuit. The front-edge delay circuit includes a first time-constant circuit having a first resistor and a first capacitor, the back-edge delay circuit includes a second time-constant circuit having a second resistor and a second capacitor, and the drive control signal is generated by a signal combining circuit which combines an output signal of the first-time constant circuit with an output signal of the second-time constant circuit.

Abstract: A method of driving a PDP apparatus to sufficiently suppress the background light emission and improve the dark room contrast, in which first electrodes and second electrodes are arranged adjacently by turns, a first display line is formed between one side of the second electrode and the first electrode adjacent thereto, a second display line is formed between the other side of the second electrode and the first electrode adjacent thereto, and the interlaced display that displays the first display line and the second display line alternately in different fields is performed, has been disclosed, wherein the reset voltage that directly relates to the intensity of the background light emission is varied according to the number of times of sustain discharges, the display conditions, and so on, in each subfield and the reset discharge is caused to occur with the minimum voltage in each subfield.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for driving a display panel that provides excellent halftone brightness at low power consumption. A unit display period of a video signal is constituted by a plurality of divided display periods. In each of the divided display periods, the pixel data write process in which each of the pixel cells is set to either a light-emitting cell or a non-light-emitting cell in accordance with pixel data corresponding to the video signal is carried out. In addition, in each of the divided display periods, the light emission sustain process in which only the aforementioned light-emitting cell is allowed to emit light for the number corresponding to a weight assigned to each of the divided display periods is carried out. In accordance with the brightness level of the video signal, the number of light emissions that is to be assigned to each of the divided display periods is changed.

Abstract: Pixels for three colors, namely, R, G, and B, are arranged in a stripe manner. Two data lines DL are placed in a space between pixel columns for every other pixel column, and a power supply line is placed in a space between the pixel columns, where a data line is not placed. Pixel columns for colors with the best current efficiency and with the least current efficiency share a single power supply line, while pixel columns for colors with intermediate current efficiency share another power supply line.

Abstract: A flexible display device has one or more flexible electrode assemblies. Each of the electrode assemblies includes a hierarchical control arrangement for selectively activating electrodes of the display device. The hierarchical control arrangement includes high-level control elements and low-level control elements, each of the high-level control elements being operatively coupled to respective subsets of the low-level control elements, which in turn are coupled to respective groups of the electrodes. Exemplary control elements are microstructure elements containing imbedded microprocessors or integrated circuits. The use of a hierarchical control arrangement results in data signals having to pass through fewer control elements when compared with single-level arrangements. This increases operation speed and reduces power losses due to voltage drops across control elements. In addition, the number of connections to device(s) external to the display may thereby be reduced.

Abstract: A driving circuit of active matrix organic electroluminescence display is disclosed. Each pixel includes four TFTS and two capacitors. A gate of scan TFT is controlled by the scan line of the row where the pixel is located and a drain of scan TFT is connected to the data line of the column where the pixel is situated. Reset TFT and detect TFT are controlled by one threshold-lock line. One capacitor Cd is used to store data voltage (Vdata) of image signals and the other capacitor Ct is used to store threshold voltage (Vth) of drive TFT. Therefore, the sum of capacitors Cd and Ct will drive TFT to output a corresponding current to the organic electro luminescence element.

Abstract: A plasma display panel with color space transformation device is described. The plasma display panel with color space transformation device has a digital board, a display control circuit and a color plasma display panel. The digital board has a color space transformation device to transform the color space of the color plasma display panel into a new color space according to a video specification of images or into a new color space according to a user requirement. The digital board further modifies the images to fit the new color space. The color plasma display panel shows the modified images in the new color space.

Abstract: A light emitting display, and a method of driving the same, including a plurality of pixels arranged in regions partitioned by a plurality of scan lines, a plurality of data lines, a plurality of compensating power source lines, which are supplied with compensating power sources, and a plurality of first power source lines. Each pixel includes a pixel circuit for outputting currents corresponding to the compensating power sources and data signals in a plurality of sub-frames included in a frame and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) that emits light corresponding to the current output from the pixel circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving a display panel having drive lines and capacitive light emitting elements.

Abstract: An OLED display for producing a multicolor image includes a plurality of pixels including three different colored addressable gamut-pixels and a fourth addressable within-gamut-pixel, each pixel having a separately addressable organic light-emitting diode with first and second electrodes and one or more organic light emissive layers provided between the electrodes; active matrix circuitry including a separate power transistor for at least two of the three different colored addressable gamut-pixels for regulating current between a first and second voltage source through the organic light-emitting diode of the colored addressable gamut-pixel; and the active matrix circuitry including a power transistor for the fourth addressable within-gamut-pixel for regulating current between a third and fourth voltage source through the organic light-emitting diode of the fourth addressable within-gamut-pixel wherein at least three of the first, second, third, and fourth voltage sources provide different voltage levels.

Abstract: One pixel (10) is comprised of a controlling TFT (Tr1), a TFT (Tr3) functioning as a threshold voltage generating element, a TFT (Tr4) functioning as a reset element, a driving TFT (Tr2), a capacitor (C1) holding the gate voltage of the driving TFT, a TFT (Tr5) functioning as a current restraining means for being controlled so as to be OFF at a reset operation time, and an EL element (E1). At the reset operation time in which a terminal voltage of the capacitor (C1) is reset to a predetermined electrical potential, a current restraining means comprising the TFT (Tr5) is controlled so as to prevent excess current due to an operation of the driving TFT (Tr2) from being imparted to the EL element (E1).

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes (a) first and second substrates facing each other, (b) a plurality of first electrodes formed on the first substrate and extending in parallel with one another, (c) a plurality of second electrodes formed on the second substrate and extending in parallel with one another perpendicularly to the first electrodes, and (d) a plurality of display cells arranged at intersections of the first electrodes with the second electrodes, wherein a first selection pulse is input into the first electrodes and a second selection pulse is input selectively into one or more of the second electrodes to thereby control whether light is to be emitted in each of the display cells, and at least one of the display cells has a third electrode formed on the first substrate and being electrically connected to a first electrode other than a first electrode belonging to a display cell to which the third electrode belongs.

Abstract: An electro-luminescence display device includes an electro-luminescence panel having a plurality of pixels at pixel areas defined by intersections between data lines and first and second gate lines, each of the pixels including: an electro-luminescence cell connected to receive a supply voltage, and a first cell driver and a second cell driver for alternately controlling a current flow into the electro-luminescence cell.

Abstract: A method for driving a plasma display panel in which any one of a scanning electrode and a sustaining electrode is shared by neighboring display cells interposed therebetween. At least one condition selected from the group consisting of a voltage of a sustaining pulse, a pulse width of a sustaining pulse, and a pulse applying interval of a sustaining pulse is changed in relation to a polarity of the sustaining pulse. The sustaining pulse is applied to the scanning electrode and sustaining electrode by a predetermined number with relation to an image data during a sustaining period.

Abstract: A light emitting device that achieves long life, and which is capable of performing high duty drive, by suppressing initial light emitting element deterioration is provided. Reverse bias application to an EL element (109) is performed one row at a time by forming a reverse bias electric power source line (112) and a reverse bias TFT (108). Reverse bias application can therefore be performed in synchronous with operations for write-in of an image signal, light emission, erasure, and the like. Reverse bias application therefore becomes possible while maintaining a duty equivalent to that of a conventional driving method.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bright and high-resolution display apparatus having a dynamic range exceeding the number of gray-scale voltage (or current) outputs, which a signal driver is capable of generating. In accordance with the present invention, a select period, in which a group of pixels on each row is driven, is divided into a plurality of sub-periods. The signal driver supplies a voltage output varying from sub-period to sub-period to selected pixels through a signal electrode. The pixel is capable of expressing various values of a gray scale, the size of which is at least approximately equal to (the number of gray-scale voltage outputs, which the signal driver is capable of generating)×(the number of sub-periods). By changing the ratio of the length of a sub-period to the length of another sub-period or the range of the driving voltage (or current), the dynamic range of the display can be further increased.

Abstract: An electron emitter has an emitter made of a dielectric material, and an upper electrode and a lower electrode to which a drive voltage is applied to emit electrons. The upper electrode is formed on a first surface of the substance serving as the emitter, and the lower electrode is formed on a second surface of the substance serving as the emitter. The upper electrode has a plurality of through regions through which the emitter is exposed. The upper electrode has a surface which faces the emitter in peripheral portions of the through regions and which is spaced from the emitter.

Abstract: A power supply device supplying power to a data driver of a light emission display device. The power supply device includes: an external reference voltage supply supplying an external reference voltage; a reference voltage generator converting external power into a regulated direct current (DC) reference voltage and outputs the regulated DC reference voltage when the external power is changed. A reference voltage selector selects one of the reference voltages output from the external reference voltage supply and the reference voltage generator and outputs a selected reference voltage. A voltage converter converts the regulated reference voltage output from the reference voltage selector into a plurality of internal DC power sources to be supplied to the drivers.

Abstract: By controlling the luminance of light emitting element not by means of a voltage to be impressed to the TFT but by means of controlling a current that flows to the TFT in a signal line drive circuit, the current that flows to the light emitting element is held to a desired value without depending on the characteristics of the TFT. Further, a voltage of inverted bias is impressed to the light emitting element every predetermined period. Since a multiplier effect is given by the two configurations described above, it is possible to prevent the luminance from deteriorating due to a deterioration of the organic luminescent layer, and further, it is possible to maintain the current that flows to the light emitting element to a desired value without depending on the characteristics of the TFT.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for driving a plasma display panel wherein an initializing discharge can be weakened to lower a dark room brightness and an initialization time can be shortened to permit a single scanning. In the apparatus, a sensing device senses an electrical signal with an initialization waveform applied from a voltage source to a display panel. A controlling device controls said electrical signal with an initialization waveform applied from the voltage source to the display panel by the sensed electrical signal.