Abstract: In one embodiment, apparatus for transmitting and receiving data includes a transmission line network having at least three input/output terminals; at least three transmit/receive units, respectively coupled to the at least three input/output terminals; and a control system. The control system is configured to, depending on a desired direction of data flow over the transmission line network, i) dynamically place each of the transmit/receive units in a transmit mode or a receive mode, and ii) dynamically enable and disable an active termination of each transmit/receive unit. Methods for using this and other related apparatus to transmit and receive data over a transmission line network are also disclosed.

Abstract: A signal input port of a reverse amplifier is provided by an FIC connector, for direct connection to an F-port output of a forward amplifier, thereby eliminating the need for jumper cables. Also, via this connection, the reverse amplifier remotely provides power to the forward amplifier.

Abstract: A circuit topology for multiple loads includes a driving terminal, a first node coupled to the driving terminal via a main transmission line, a second node coupled to the first node via a first branch transmission line, a first receiving terminal coupled to the first node via a second branch transmission line, a third node coupled to the second node via a third branch transmission line, and a second receiving terminal coupled to the second node via a fourth branch transmission line. The second branch transmission line is longer than the first transmission line, and a first resistor is connected in the second branch transmission line. The third branch transmission line is longer than the fourth branch transmission line, and a second resistor is connected in the third branch transmission line.

Abstract: A telecommunications apparatus for use with a plug having at least first, second and third pins. The telecommunications apparatus includes a plug connector for receiving the plug. The plug connector includes at least first, second and third electrical contacts for electrically contacting the first, second and third pins, respectively, when the plug is inserted in the plug connector.

Abstract: An electrical module with a first substrate, and a component mounted on the first substrate is specified. The component includes a second substrate and a chip arranged on the second substrate. In the module, a filter circuit is realized that includes shunt arms connected to ground each with at least one parallel resonator. The parallel resonators are arranged on the chip. The ground-side connection of at least two of the shunt arms to each other is realized outside the chip and the second substrate. The ground-side connection of the shunt arms is advantageously realized in the first substrate or on a circuit board on which the first substrate is arranged.

Abstract: A repeater of a global input/output line includes a data transmitter including first and second drivers for outputting data signals of the global input/output line through different transmission routes in response to a transmission direction control signal, and a third driver for driving the global input/output line in response to an output signal of the data transmitter.

Abstract: A high-frequency circuit for branching high-frequency signals for pluralities of communications systems of different frequencies, which comprises a lowpass filter circuit disposed between first and second ports and/or a highpass filter circuit disposed between the first port and a fourth port; and a matching circuit and a bandpass filter circuit disposed between the first port and a third port; the lowpass filter circuit, the highpass filter circuit and the matching circuit comprising capacitance elements and inductance elements; the bandpass filter circuit being a SAW filter; and the passband f1 of the lowpass filter circuit, the passband f2 of the bandpass filter circuit, and the passband f3 of the highpass filter circuit meeting the condition of f1<f2<f3.

Abstract: A method and system is described wherein a signal with a lower frequency is up-converted to a higher frequency. In one embodiment, the higher frequency signal is used as a stable frequency and phase reference. In another embodiment, the invention is used as a transmitter. The up-conversion is accomplished by controlling a switch with an oscillating signal, the frequency of the oscillating signal being selected as a sub-harmonic of the desired output frequency. When the invention is being used as a frequency or phase reference, the oscillating signal is not modulated, and controls a switch that is connected to a bias signal. When the invention is being used in the frequency modulation (FM) or phase modulation (PM) implementations, the oscillating signal is modulated by an information signal before it causes the switch to gate the bias signal.

Abstract: A signal splitter for reducing noise ingress and a cable television network incorporating such splitters. A signal splitter has an input and a plurality of outputs, where alternate outputs are connected to phase shifting devices. Prevention circuitry is provided for at least preventing the generation of intermodulation products in the phase shifting devices. The prevention circuitry is provided with a pre-connected filter in the form of a high-pass filter for stopping voltage peaks through reflection of the energy contained in the voltage peaks.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods are provided to switch between transmit and receive modes in wireless hearing aids. One aspect relates to an apparatus for use within a communication system that has an inductive coil connected to a tuning capacitor at a node. An amplifier is connected to the node through a DC blocking capacitor to receive an induced signal in the inductive coil in a receive mode. A driver energizes the inductive coil with a driven signal in a transmit mode. According to various embodiments, the apparatus transforms the inductive coil, the tuning capacitor and the DC blocking capacitor into an equivalent series resonant circuit to reduce an inductive load in the transmit mode, and transforms the inductive coil, the tuning capacitor and the DC blocking capacitor into an equivalent parallel resonant circuit to increase an inductive load in the receive mode.

Abstract: A metamaterial is proposed which is composed of base elements having six ports with two ports, respectively. The base element further comprises four nodes connected with a central point via inductors, to which nodes the ports are connected via capacitors.

Abstract: An electronic circuit, an RF signal power amplifier circuit, and an integrated circuit provide for combining two radio frequency signals. These circuits include, among other things, capacitors (276, 282) that provide an elliptic section. This elliptic section simultaneously allows for filtering and reduction in required values for first and second inductors (248, 272), respectively. For example, the filtering provided by the capacitors (276, 282) allows for the harmonic of the combining frequency to be filtered out. This allows a designer to compensate for additional loss experienced by the circuit (200) by reducing filtering from sections that follow the circuit (200).

Abstract: The electric multiple conductor system (1) is used for the transmission of signals in differential mode, and has two signal lines (5, 6) and a shared reference line (7). Each signal line (5, 6) comprises an attenuation or filter element (13, 14) with a connection branch (15, 16), which runs between a branch node (20, 21) in the respective signal line (5, 6) and the reference line (7). The attenuation or filter elements (13, 14) of the respective signal lines (5, 6) are nominally of the same size. The connection branch (15, 16) of each attenuation or filter element (13, 14) comprises a serial connection of a first partial branch (17, 18) with a first reactive impedance (23, 24) and a second partial branch (19) with a second reactive impedance (25). The second partial branch (19) is a shared component of all attenuation or filter elements (13, 14).

Abstract: A microwave, power splitter/combiner (20) is formed as part of a multilayer laminate (27, 28, 29, 33, 34) such that two ports (22, 23) are connected by plated vias (31, 32) to conductive pads (29, 30) connected across an isolation resistor (27). Furthermore, a microwave circuit is provided in the form of a multi-layer laminate including a substrate carrying a resistive layer which has been etched to define at least one resistor, a dielectric membrane covering the resistor, a conductive layer defining at least part of an electrical circuit, and said at least one resistor is electrically connected to the conductive layer by vias extending through the dielectric membrane.

Abstract: An integrated power combiner is disclosed. The power combiner includes a first circular geometry primary winding having one or more inductive elements, such as an active winding with one or more driver stages. A circular geometry secondary winding is disposed adjacent to the first primary winding, such as an active winding with one or more driver stages. A second circular geometry primary winding is disposed adjacent to the secondary winding and has one or more inductive elements. One or more connections are provided between one or more of the inductive elements of the first circular geometry primary winding and one or more of the inductive elements of the second circular geometry primary winding.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for transmission without crosstalk in interconnections used for sending a plurality of signals, such as the interconnections made with flat multiconductor cables, or with the tracks of a printed circuit board, or inside an integrated circuit. An interconnection with four parallel transmission conductors plus a reference conductor has each of its ends connected to a termination circuit. The transmitting circuit receives at its input the signals of the four channels of the source and its output terminals are connected to the conductors of the interconnection. The receiving circuit(s) input terminals are connected to the conductors of the interconnection, and its four output channels are connected to the destination. The signals of the four channels of an active source are sent to the four channels of the destination, without noticeable crosstalk.

Abstract: A combiner includes a circulator having a series of at least three sequential ports such that a signal input into a port is transmitted as an output at the next sequential port. A bandpass filter has a pass band and is coupled to a first port of the circulator such that a signal in the pass band that is input to the filter is output at a second port of the circulator. A third port of the circulator is configured to be coupled to an input signal that is out of the pass band such that a signal input at the third port is reflected as an output from the first port by the bandpass filter to then be output at the second port. The signals input at the first and third ports are combined at the second port. This configuration might be used in a cascaded fashion for combining multiple signals, together with low loss.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coupling arrangement for coupling out a RF signal of a transmission line connecting a first and a second RF unit, such like an IQ modulator and a power amplifier. The coupling arrangement comprises first and second coupling means that are adapted to be coupled to respective first and second transmission lines connecting the RF units. The first and second transmission lines separately provide transmission of respective first and second RF signals forming a differential RF signal. Preferably, the first coupling means are adapted to provide coupling out of the first RF signal, thereby inevitably affecting transmission of the first RF signal. The second coupling means provide a substantially equal impact on the transmission of the second RF signal, such that the net impact of first and second coupling means on the differential RF signal nearly vanishes.

Abstract: A front end module comprises a diplexer, a first duplexer, and a second duplexer. The first duplexer is connected to the diplexer through a first high frequency switch and separates transmission signals and reception signals of the N-CDMA from each other. The second duplexer is connected to the diplexer through a second high frequency switch and separates transmission signals and reception signals of the W-CDMA from each other. Each of the duplexers includes acoustic wave elements. A single multi-layer substrate for integration is used to integrate the components of the front end module. The diplexer is made up of a conductor layer located inside or on the surface of the multi-layer substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing adaptive control of the output of a radio frequency coupler. A plurality of input signals is provided to a multi-prong divider/combiner, the divider/combiner having a first and a second input terminals communicating a first and a second input signals with a first and a second prong of the divider/combiner, the divider/combiner dividing/combining said signals into at least one output signal. A first auxiliary signal is provided to a receiving terminal of a first transmission line, the first transmission line electromagnetically manipulating signal transmission in the first prong such that a first manipulated signal is substantially different in magnitude than the first input signal and dividing/combining the manipulated signal and the second input signal to provide a controlled output signal.

Abstract: A bandpass filter comprises a number of resonators which are arranged between an input and an output of the filter and which are interconnected to form at least two main signal paths that lead from the input to the output. The at least two main signal paths have overlapping passbands and are connected to the input and/or output via different resonators.

Abstract: A hybrid 180° microwave balun device is provided to convert an unbalanced RF signal at the common port into two radio frequency signals with equal amplitude and 180° phase difference at two differential ports. The hybrid device includes a coplanar waveguide connecting to the common port. A power divider separates the coplanar waveguide into two symmetrical slotline waveguides to carry balanced signals. Two broadband multioctave slotline to microstrip transitions constructed in a way that the microstrip lines carry 180° phase separated signals to the differential output ports.

Abstract: A signal transmission structure includes a driving circuit block, a receiving circuit block, a main transmission line, and a copper patch. The main transmission line connects the driving circuit block to the receiving circuit block for transmitting signals therebetween. The copper patch is arranged at the main transmission line, and has a rectangular shape. The copper patch can reduce switching rates when the signal state of the driving circuit changes rapidly. The copper patch serves as a compensation capacitor, to reduce a rate of switching of the signal, and to reduce or even eliminate the problems of crosstalk and overshooting and undershooting of signals. It is of advantage that the copper patch is simple to manufacture and very suitable for mass production.

Abstract: A signal level adjustment system adjusting a level of signal outputted from a signal output circuit is realized. An input buffer threshold adjustment unit sets a threshold of a signal input circuit to a first variable value. A signal level adjustment unit adjusts an output level of a first signal at the signal output circuit until a voltage of the first signal outputted from the signal output circuit and inputted to the signal input circuit falls into a given range determined based on the threshold.

Abstract: A system for connecting at least two receivers to a common antenna is proposed, antenna signal lines being supplied to the receivers, which stands out in that the input impedances of the at least two receivers are matched only in a narrow-band fashion in the range of their current reception frequencies to the impedances of the antenna signal lines supplied to them. An antenna signal splitter is also proposed. Finally, a method for controlling the reception frequencies of at least two receivers connected to a common receiving antenna is proposed, which is distinguished by the fact that the reception frequencies of the at least two receivers are set in such a way that they maintain a predefined minimum frequency distance from one another. A reduction of an antenna signal attenuation in an antenna signal splitter for multiple receiver systems is thereby possible, provided the receivers are tuned to different reception frequencies.

Abstract: A paraelectric transmission line layer and a ferroelectric transmission line layer are laminated through a ground conductor, and plural phase shifters, which are connected via through holes that pass through the ground conductor, are disposed on both of the transmission line layers at some positions on a feeding line that branches off from the input terminal between all antenna terminals and an input terminal to which a high-frequency power is applied. In addition, loss elements each having the same transmission loss amount as the phase shifter, or the phase shifters are disposed so that transmission loss amounts from all of the antenna terminals to the input terminal are equalized. Accordingly, an antenna control unit which can be manufactured in fewer manufacturing processes and has a pointed beam and a large beam tilt amount, and a phased-array antenna that employs such an antenna control unit are provided.

Abstract: A splitter circuit includes a plurality of transistors each including a collector that is connected to a direct-current power supply and a base to which a common input signal is supplied, and a plurality of first resistors each including one end that is grounded and the other end that is connected to an emitter of a corresponding one of the plurality of transistors. A signal that appears on the emitter of each of the plurality of transistors is output from the other end of a corresponding one of the plurality of first resistors as an output signal.

Abstract: Multiple sensor signals are used to modulate an equal number of frequency-spaced carrier signals in a directional parametric upconverting amplifier. Basically, the carrier signals are separated in a cascaded or parallel configuration of narrow frequency passbands, which also modulate the carrier signals with low-frequency sensor signals. The modulated carrier signals are multiplexed and output over a single signal path, thereby reducing power dissipation. Preferably implemented in superconducting circuitry, the multiplexed amplifier facilitates multiplexing of as many as hundreds of sensor signals and achieves both amplification and upconverting with minimal dissipation of power.

Abstract: A multicell amplifier comprises a first divider unit, which receives the input signal of the amplifier, divides it into 2N subsignals, amplifies them and recombines the amplified signals in two N-way combiners to form two local output signals; two further divider units which take the local output signals and divide them into 4N subsignals, amplify them and recombine the amplified signals to form three local output signals; and two combiner units which take the three local output signals and divide them into 4N subsignals, amplify them and recombine the amplified signals to provide the output signal of the amplifier.

Abstract: A telecommunications apparatus for use with a plug having at least first, second and third pins. The telecommunications apparatus includes a plug connector for receiving the plug. The plug connector includes at least first, second and third electrical contacts for electrically contacting the first, second and third pins, respectively, when the plug is inserted in the plug connector.

Abstract: The coupler of the present invention includes a plurality of core members that are disposed between the semi-conductive ground jacket and neutral conductor of a standard URD MV cable. The core members are series wound by a transformer conductor, which forms a secondary winding that is coupled to the primary of a transformer, which provides impedance translation and/or isolation. The secondary of the transformer is coupled to a connector for communicating data signals through the coupler.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high frequency omni-directional 2-way power divider which includes one input terminal and two output terminals so that a signal inputted through the input terminal is uniformly distributed to the two output terminals.

Abstract: A multilayer diplexer has a first I/O terminal, a second I/O terminal, an antenna terminal, a high-pass filter coupled between the antenna terminal and the second I/O terminal, and a low-pass filter coupled between the antenna terminal and the first I/O terminal. The high-pass filter has a first capacitor and a second capacitor connected in serial coupled between the antenna terminal and the second I/O terminal, a fourth capacitor coupled between the antenna terminal and the second I/O terminal, and a first inductor coupled between a connection node of the first and second capacitors and a reference ground. The low-pass filter has a second inductor coupled between the antenna terminal and the first I/O terminal, and a third and fifth capacitor connected in parallel coupled between the antenna terminal and the first I/O terminal.

Abstract: At least one of a feedback path and a feed path is divided into two paths, and the divided feedback path and the feed path for feeding a signal form a twisted pattern to suppress radiation noise of a high frequency by a twisted pair effect. The other divided feedback path decreases a resistance value of a direct current component and decreases a whole direct current resistance to feed a sufficient current to the path.

Abstract: A switch circuit for selectively switching connection of an antenna side circuit with a reception circuit and a transmission circuit of two communication systems one of which has a reception frequency band partially overlapped with a transmission frequency of the other. The switch circuit includes (a) a first switch unit for switching connection of the antenna side circuit with the transmission circuit side of the first and tie second communication systems and the reception circuit side of the first and the second communication system and (b) a second switch unit connected between the first switch unit and the reception circuit of the first and the second communication system for switching connection of the antenna side circuit with the reception circuit of the first and the second communication system. (c) The transmission circuit side of the first and the second communication system of the first switch unit is connected to a transmission circuit shared by the first and the second communication system.

Abstract: A telecommunications apparatus for use with a plug having at least first, second and third pins. The telecommunications apparatus includes a plug connector for receiving the plug. The plug connector includes at least first, second and third electrical contacts for electrically contacting the first, second and third pins, respectively, when the plug is inserted in the plug connector.

Abstract: A lumped-element diplexer formed in a multi-layered substrate includes a high-pass filter circuit, a low-pass filter circuit, and a ground plane, the elements of the filter circuits being disposed as follows: a first capacitor plate on a first layer of the substrate connected to a first port and a first inductor plate on a third layer, a second capacitor plate on a second layer of the substrate connected to the first inductor plate and a third capacitor plate on a fourth layer, the third capacitor plate in turn being connected to a second port. A fourth capacitor plate on a fifth layer of the substrate is connected to a second inductor plate on a seventh layer, the second inductor plate in turn being connected to the ground plane on a zeroth layer. A fifth capacitor plate on a sixth layer of the substrate is connected to a third port.

Abstract: A balun comprises an unbalanced terminal, two balanced terminals, and two ground terminals. The balun further comprises: a low-pass filter provided between the unbalanced terminal and one of the balanced terminals; and a high-pass filter provided between the unbalanced terminal and the other of the balanced terminals. The low-pass filter incorporates two coils and a capacitor. The high-pass filter incorporates two capacitors and a coil. The coils and the capacitors are made up of conductor layers of a multi-layer substrate.

Abstract: A system is provided for rapidly prototyping monolithic microwave integrated circuit modules to provide an experimental structure that can be physically made to operate by stereolithographically rendering an SLA part directly from the designer's drawings and by coating the part with a conductive layer, with the smoothness being better than 0.001 inch and with the dimensional accuracy being better than 3 mils for some applications. In one embodiment, the coating for the SLA model is made from either rhodium or gold having a thickness of less than 1/10,000th of an inch, with a nickel barrier being first deposited followed by the gold. The particular SLA plastic is a high temperature plastic to prevent bubbling during the metal deposition step which in one embodiment involves sputtering. The coated model has a microfinish of Ra<0.001 inch, with active devices being electrically attached to the coating through the use of conductive adhesives or eutectic solder.

Abstract: An amplifier comprises an amplifier circuit which comprises a first inductor as an impedance element for degeneration, and a control circuit which has a second inductor electro-magnetically connected to the first inductor, and changes a control current flowing through the second inductor to change an inductance value of the first inductor, thereby changing amplification characteristics of the amplifier circuit.

Abstract: The present invention describes a directional CATV component, preferably a signal tap, having a housing frame where coaxial signal cable connections are made allowing for tap circuitry to be placed on either side of the housing frame. The invention allows for the rapid exchange of tap circuitry between front and rear positions providing for the reversal of signal frequency direction. The signal tap comprises a housing frame, a back cover with a support clamp and a signal tap cover containing a plurality of female F-connectors. Loss circuitry is mounted on a PC board that is attached to the tap cover.

Abstract: A system is provided for rapidly prototyping monolithic microwave integrated circuit modules to provide an experimental structure that can be physically made to operate by stereolithographically rendering an SLA part directly from the designer's drawings and by coating the part with a conductive layer, with the smoothness being better than 0.001 inch and with the dimensional accuracy being better than 3 mils for some applications. In one embodiment, the coating for the SLA model is made from either rhodium or gold having a thickness of less than 1/10,000th of an inch, with a nickel barrier being first deposited followed by the gold. The particular SLA plastic is a high temperature plastic to prevent bubbling during the metal deposition step which in one embodiment involves sputtering. The coated model has a microfinish of Ra<0.001 inch, with active devices being electrically attached to the coating through the use of conductive adhesives or eutectic solder.

Abstract: There is provided a high-frequency GaAs power FET element with high performance, capable of suppressing an abnormal oscillation. Thin film resistors are provided so as to be connected electrically between incoming distributed constant lines connected electrically to FET chips, and thin film resistors are provided so as to be connected electrically between outgoing distributed constant lines electrically connected to FET chips. An unnecessary roundabout power is consumed by the thin film transistors in the incoming distributed constant lines and the outgoing distributed constant lines.

Abstract: A power combining system includes multiple amplifiers, a reactive combiner for combining the output power of the amplifiers and a short plate. Switches are used to electrically connect an output of each of the amplifiers to an input of the reactive combiner. In the event of amplifier failure, the switches are used to electrically connect the short plate to an input of the reactive combiner in place of the failed amplifier.

Abstract: An I/O circuit disposed on an integrated circuit substrate and having reduced parasitic capacitance. The I/O circuit includes a signal line segmented into a first signal line segment and a second signal line segment, and an inductive structure disposed between the first and second signal line segments. An on-chip termination element is coupled to the first signal line segment, and an electrostatic discharge (ESD) element is coupled to the second signal line segment.

Abstract: An adaptive controller adaptively controls a plurality of variable high frequency devices. A calculation part calculates a scalar function value by using a signal varied in accordance with impedances of the variable high frequency devices, a reference signal, and a predetermined scalar function. An impedance variation part creates a signal that sequentially varies the impedances of the variable high frequency devices. A determination part determines, when the impedance of one of the variable high frequency devices is varied, whether a direction in which the scalar function value is varied is in a predetermined sloped direction. The impedance variation part includes a first variation part that, when a decision result in the determination part is in the predetermined direction, creates a signal that further varies the impedance of the one of the variable high frequency devices in the predetermined sloped direction.

Abstract: A power line communication system comprises an indoor power line and one or more power line branching apparatuses connected to the indoor power line. The power line branching apparatus comprises a communication channel that is branched off from the indoor power line and connectable to a power line communication device, and a power supply channel that is branched off from the indoor power line and connectable to electrical equipment. The power line branching apparatus further comprises an impedance matching circuit and a normal mode filter circuit. The impedance matching circuit is provided on the power supply channel, and sets the impedance of the indoor power line to a predetermined value. The normal mode filter circuit is provided on the power supply channel, and reduces normal mode noise occurring from the electrical equipment connected to the power supply channel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transceiver apparatus that permits miniaturization even when the antenna thereof is an unbalanced circuit and the transmitter circuit section and receiver circuit section thereof are balanced circuits. The transceiver apparatus is constituted comprising: a semiconductor integrated circuit device that mounts on the same semiconductor chip a balanced receiver circuit 41 for receiving a received signal as a differential input and balanced transmitter circuit 52 for outputting a transmitted signal as a differential output, and that has at least two terminals 71,72 connected to connecting nodes that connect the balanced receiver circuit 41 and the balanced transmitter circuit 52; first and second capacitors C2,C3 connected to the terminals 71, 72 respectively; an external inductor L1 connected to the first and second capacitors C2, C3; a band pass filter 2 and an antenna 1 coupled to the first capacitor C2; and a third capacitor C1 connected to the second capacitor C3.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the invention, a compact wireless modem card placement in compliance with thickness requirement of type II PCMCIA standard and type II Compact Flash form factor standard is provided which includes a first side and a second side. The first side has a height clearance of approximately 2 mm. The second side, which is opposite the first side, has a height clearance of approximately 1.45 mm. In one embodiment, those components with a height greater than 1.4 mm are placed on the first side of the card. The first side of the card includes a radio-frequency transmitter (RFT) chip located at the lower left of the first side. The RFT chip performs signal processing functions to up-convert baseband signals received from a mobile station modem (MSM) chip to radio-frequency signals. The first side also includes a radio-frequency (RF) surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter located above and to the left of the RFT chip.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention a splitter is provided with a male F-59 type connector for direct connection to the female port of a video amplifier. In another embodiment of the invention, a cable televison amplifier is provided with a male F-59 type connector for direct connection to the female input port of a typical splitter.