Abstract: A method and apparatus for drying long fibre hay. A first step involves providing round bales of long fibre hay. A second step involves separating the bales to form a loose mass of long fibre hay. A third step involves feeding the loose mass of long fibre hay into a rotary dehydration drum. A fourth step involves separating the loose mass of long fibre hay from air containing entrained moisture by passing the long fibre hay through a cyclone separator with a first stream of air passing to an exhaust and a second stream of the loose mass of long fibre hay passing into an air lock. A fifth step involves cooling the loose mass of long fibre hay. A sixth step involves passing the loose mass of long fibre hay through a hay baler, whereby the loose mass of long fibre hay is formed back into bales.

Abstract: A washing/drying machine and a clothes dryer including an air circulative duct for circulating air into the inner tub for washing or drying inputted clothes or an inner portion of a drum and an evaporator of the refrigerating cycle, positioned in the air circulative duct to dehumidify the circulated air can improve dehumidifying performance of the circulated air, reduce time for drying clothes and energy consumption.

Abstract: A drum dryer comprises a drying drum which is arranged for a gas to flow through it to be dried from a first end of the drum to its opposite second end, and a housing in which the drum is located with a space around the drum between the internal wall of the housing and the external surface of the drum. Gas can be directed into the space through a housing inlet, to flow in the space to the first end of the drum where it can be admitted into the drum for drying.

Abstract: A fire arrester for use with a clothes dryer includes a fire detector at the dryer vent to detect fires starting in the dryer and provides an electrical power disconnect means to break the flow of electrical power being supplied to operate the dryer. Optionally, the signal is applied to release an extinguishing agent or fire suppressant into the interior of the dryer just prior to shutting off the dryer blower. The output signal from the fire detector can also be used to provide various alarms, including local visual and/or alarms, as well as a remote alarm, which can be accomplished by sending a signal to a remote monitoring facility such as a home intrusion service or to a local fire department. Optionally, the activation of any of the alarm signals, and/or the activation of any of the features or functions of the fire arrester can be accomplished by using wireless communications.

Abstract: A method for blowing steam against a paper web, whereby the steam is blown by a steam box having several profiling chambers in the cross direction of a paper machine. The cross-profile of the paper web is controlled by the steam supplied by the profiling chambers. A gas flow is provided between the profiling chambers to prevent the steam blown by a profiling chamber from affecting the effective area of the steam blown by the adjacent profiling chamber. Further, a steam box for implementing the method is disclosed.

Abstract: In a web transporting apparatus that transports a web while floating the web by jetting air from jetting holes formed in a transporting surface to the web, edge rollers that is rotatable and supports edges of the web are provided at both ends of the transporting surface. The web is transported while the edges of the web are supported by the edge rollers, and thus a floating amount of the web can be kept. Also, the supplied air can be prevented from escaping from a space between the transporting surface and the web through the edges of the web, and the web can be stably floated and transported with little air.

Abstract: A steam box includes a elongated steam-distribution chamber, regulator chambers set in a row next to the elongated steam-distribution chamber and covered on one side with a continuous perforated screen. Operating devices distribute the steam from the distribution chamber to each regulator chamber. The steam box is intended to feed steam through the perforated screen to the web, to heat it according to a desired profile. The perforated screen is secured along one long edge to hinge members and along the opposite edge to locking members and is arranged to be able to be opened, to permit access to the regulator chambers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cleaning sheets that resist folding, especially refolding upon themselves even after an initial fold has been formed in the sheet.

Abstract: A humidifying cylinder includes a first rotatable cylinder having an inlet end and an outlet end and a plurality of first blades extending substantially radially outwardly from an exterior surface of the first cylinder. The humidifying cylinder further includes a second rotatable cylinder having an inlet end and an outlet end and a plurality of second blades extending substantially radially inwardly from an interior surface of the second cylinder, the second cylinder being substantially coaxial with the first cylinder and the first cylinder being disposed inside of the second cylinder such that the exterior surface of the first cylinder and the interior surface of the second cylinder define an annular space. At least one drive is provided for rotating the first cylinder and the second cylinder. At least one conduit is disposed in the annular space for introducing moisture into the annular space. A method of humidifying material is also disclosed.

Abstract: A through-air drying apparatus for drying a traveling wet paper web supported on a continuous fabric comprises a dryer roll about which the fabric and web are partially wrapped and which has a foraminous roll face, a supply hood which surrounds the portion of the roll about which the fabric and web are wrapped and which supplies heated air through the fabric and web and through the roll face into the interior of the roll, and an exhaust system for exhausting air from the roll. An axial exhaust passage is formed through at least one head of the roll. An exhaust manifold is connected to the exhaust passage and defines two outlets on opposite sides of the manifold. A pair of movable ducts are sealingly and releasably engaged with the outlets in the opposite sides of the manifold, the ducts being spaced apart on opposite sides of the roll so that an access space is defined between the two ducts for access to the roll and supply hood.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a solid-liquid material comprises a housing formed with a series of interconnected chambers defined by chamber walls with at least two drums mounted in series within the chambers. Each chamber receives one of the at least two drums for rotatable movement therein. Each chamber and the associated drum are dimensioned to define a region therebetween to retain the solid-liquid material. The regions of adjacent chambers communicate with each other to define a continuous passage from drum to drum through the apparatus. An inlet in the housing admits the solid-liquid material to the passage, and an outlet permits extraction of a processed solid-liquid material from the passage. Each drum rotates in a direction opposite to the adjacent drum to advance the solid-liquid material through the passage from drum to adjacent drum in a sinuous path such that the curvature of the solid-liquid material changes when passing from drum to adjacent drum.

Abstract: A flighted, horizontally inclined rotary retort, heated externally by flame, hot gases, steam or other sources of heat. The retort shall have sufficient flight area to transport the coal through the retort in the predetermined time. The coal being processed in this retort is prevented from becoming exothermic by provision for a countercurrent flow of blanket gas, heated to a predetermined temperature below exotherm, to prevent coal surface temperatures from rising above the ignition temperature. The retort accommodates oversize pieces of raw coal by having alternating long and short flights, thus allowing greater space between long flights and allowing the larger pieces to be carried over the center pipe by the wiping action of the long flights. The retort will also be provided with an internal pipe, mounted on the center line of the shell.

Abstract: A wet and/or dry finishing machine for fabrics in rope or open-width form comprising a treatment tank in which a transporting means is installed for the fabric, for example in endless-loop form, the transporting means drawing the fabric from the base of the tank and feeding it against a counteracting fuller element, in proximity to at least one base wall portion of the tank there being positioned a duct provided with apertures and through which an air stream is circulated, a portion of the fabric bearing on the top of the duct. This improves drying and shortens the drying time.

Abstract: Drying of a solid polymer is disclosed in which a solid polymer obtained by polymerization (or a product of modification of the solid polymer) is contacted with a drying gas so that any solvent and/or unreacted polymerization feed materials remaining in the solid polymer are removed to thereby dry the solid polymer, and in which a gaseous polymerization feed material is used as the drying gas and contacted with the solid polymer to thereby dry the solid polymer (step i), and the resultant solid polymer is contacted with a drying gas which contains an inert gas (step ii). The drying gas can be recovered from the step (i) and part thereof can be recycled through a polymerization step as it is or be recycled, after cooling the drying gas to thereby remove any condensed components, to the step (i). Not only can the solid polymer be efficiently dried but also the solvent and unreacted polymerization feed materials recovered from the solid polymer can efficiently be recycled by the disclosed method.

Abstract: A clothes drying apparatus has the general shape of a drying sleeve with sufficient length and width to hold an article of clothing for drying. The article of clothing is placed in the drying sleeve and synch lines on each end of the drying sleeve are closed thereby retaining the article of clothing inside of the drying sleeve. The drying sleeve can then be hung out to dry.

Abstract: A device is arranged in the drying section of a papermaking machine for reducing the effects of the tendency of a paper web (4) to adhere to a drying cylinder (1) as it passes from the drying cylinder to a subsequent guide roll (2). In the drying section, the paper web (4), supported by a drying fabric (5), is conducted alternatingly over a plurality of drying cylinders (1) and guide rolls (2). A blow box (6) is arranged in the transition portion (A) and has a wall (7) extending in parallel with the drying fabric (5) so as to form a narrow air gap (8) between the wall and the drying fabric. The blow box (6) comprises nozzle (12) having a slot-shaped opening for ejecting a well-defined air jet (P1) towards the drying fabric (5) away from the air gap (8). The nozzle (12) is directed such that its center plane intersects the circumferential surface of the drying cylinder (1) along a first straight line positioned upstream of a second line, along which the paper web (4) leaves the drying cylinder (1).

Abstract: An apparatus for drying photo-sensitive material having a transfer path for the photo-sensitive material having at least one curved section, a supply device for supplying hot air to the photo-sensitive material, and a suction duct for sucking the hot air provided inside the curved section. The apparatus further includes turn rollers provided along the inside of the curved section, and a paper guide having an opening for circulating hot air, provided between the adjacent two rollers of the plurality of turn rollers in such a manner as not to contact with the photo-sensitive material. It is possible to dry all the portions of the photo-sensitive material under a uniform condition, while maintaining the transfer characteristics so that no drying irregularity appears; thereby, making it possible to prevent the reduction in the printing quality of the picture due to the drying irregularity.

Abstract: A dehydration treatment apparatus for sludge wherein organic sludge and a modifying/setting agent are charged into a rotating drum and the sludge is dehydrated and dried. The apparatus comprises a rotating drum, a sludge charging hopper arranged on the inlet side of said rotating drum, a discharging screw arranged on the outlet side of the rotating drum, at least two rectangular blades that are projected from each of circular surfaces arranged toward the feeding direction from the inlet side of the inner circumferential surface of the rotating drum and are slanted downward at a prescribed angle toward the feeding direction, and an agitating/feeding means wherein the positions of the blades on the circular surfaces are made different stepwise successively in the direction of rotation toward the feeding direction so that sludge may be scraped up by the blades on the fore circular surface to be fed forward.

Abstract: A device for supplying gas to a rotary cylinder by means of a slip ring channel is described, a relative movement between rotating part and stationary part of the slip ring being permitted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for covering lumpy products, especially pills, pellets or tablets, with a coating material, comprising a rotatable drum, a device designed for feeding air into the drum, a device designed for releasing the air from the drum, including at least one releasing air channel provided with at least one air passage opening directed to the interior space of the drum, and further comprising a device designed for spraying the product located in the drum with a coating material. In order to provide a coating device which is easy to operate, especially easy to clean, and the stop periods of which are substantially reduced, the at least one releasing air channel extends along at least one part of the inside wall of the drum and is detachably connected thereto. Thus, the releasing air channels are easy to detach from the drum and may be cleaned outside therefrom.

Abstract: An apparatus for blending boiled rice and vinegar including a rotatable agitating vessel which is mounted so as to be positioned to face both upwards and sideways. A blower is provided to blow air into the vessel when it is facing sideways to further aid in blending the ingredients.

Abstract: A method, and associated apparatus, for drying harvested brine shrimp cysts for storage for subsequent hatching for fish food. The cysts are washed with fresh water, and strained through a sieve to remove foreign material, flotation separated to eliminate dead cysts, strained out of the water, dewatered centrifugally, and finally dried in a special apparatus which prevents any caking of the cysts together. The drying apparatus includes a drum with cyst-retaining porous walls, mounted on its side to rotate in a vented housing about its longitudinal axis. Drying air is blown into the rotating drum, exiting through the porous walls, drying the cysts without caking.

Abstract: A method, and associated apparatus, for drying harvested brine shrimp cysts for storage for subsequent hatching for fish food. The cysts are washed with fresh water, and strained through a sieve to remove foreign material, flotation separated to eliminate dead cysts, strained out of the water, dewatered centrifugally, and finally dried in a special apparatus which prevents any caking of the cysts together. The drying apparatus includes a drum with cyst-retaining porous walls, mounted on its side to rotate in a vented housing about its longitudinal axis. Drying air is blown into the rotating drum, exiting through the porous walls, drying the cysts without caking.

Abstract: A system and method for removing drag-out adhering surface treating solutions from barrels and their loads of articles in bulk after electroplating and/or chemical surface treatments and the recovery (recycling) of said solutions.

Abstract: For the uniform treatment of bulk material by means of a gas the bulk material is fluidized in a rotating container (101) in order to be mixed by the rotation thereof. In the case of heating the bulk material the rotation of the container is expediently interrupted at periodic intervals. A transport device is preferably provided in the interior of this container, in particular in the form of a worm or screw flight (20) of irregular pitch--related to one rotation in order to be able to precisely determine the dwell time through the mechanical transport. This screw (20) is preferably constructed as a two-start screw (FIG. 6).

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for drying a particulate material, for instance bark, the material is disposed as an annular bed (11) on a perforated disc (10). The bed is moved along the disc by being rotated about its axis by pushing members (12). A surface layer of moist material is continuously deposited on the upper surface of the bed in an area extending over the entire width of the bed, while at the same time a corresponding surface layer of dried material is continuously removed from the lower surface of the bed in a substantially corresponding area (17), so that the bed thickness is substantially maintained uniform over the entire area of the bed. A uniform moisture content is imparted to a drying medium which is passed through the support disc and the bed, the medium is preferably saturated with moisture before leaving the bed.

Abstract: A clothes dryer assembly includes a drum made of two molded halves, each being perforated. The drum is mounted for rotation on a frame and enclosed within a housing also made of two molded halves and having a large number of openings for free air flow. The drum is supported on rollers on the frame and has a side door for access. A motor is mounted on the frame to drive the drum.

Abstract: A mounting structure for use in rotationally supporting a rotatable drum dryer is provided which prevents spauling, flaking and pitting of the dryer tracks, which supports the rotational movement of the dryer, and which prevents axial shifting of the dryer. The mounting structure preferably includes a fixed base, at least a pair of proximal, continuous, annular tracks fixedly secured to the dryer, and a corresponding pair of trunnion rollers rotatably coupled with the base and adapted for contacting the faces of the tracks respectively. The mounting structure also advantageously includes at least one thrust wheel for engaging the side of one of the tracks to prevent axial shifting of the dryer. More particularly, two mounting structures are provided, one for each end of the dryer, and each mounting structure includes two pairs of thrust wheels, one pair engaging the side of each track and opposedly configured to prevent axial shifting of the dryer in either direction.

Abstract: A machine for heat and/or cold treatment of lumpy material, more particularly a drum dryer for pasta, has a number of chambers (6) distributed around the drum periphery. Each chamber (6) is bounded in known manner at the inner and outer drum periphery by a perforated wall (8, 10) to enable air or another treatment gas to flow through. At least one perforated wall (8, 10) is associated with a retaining device, more particularly a tensioning device, at least one of the perforated walls (8, 10) and preferably at least the outer wall (10) being divided in the axial and/or peripheral direction around the drum periphery. Advantageously each chamber (6) is associated with a separate perforated wall (10) which can be tensioned by a tensioning device.

Abstract: Apparatus for the drying of ferrous or non-ferrous turnings or scrap comprises a vertical axis drier (1) in which a drum (2) which encloses a transporter (3) for the turnings in question is mounted transversely. The turnings are heated indirectly via the drum (2) to evaporate their liquid content, while a protective atmosphere is maintained within the drum to prevent oxidation of the material. The vapors leaving the drum (2) are burnt in the drier (1) to heat the material and render the operation of the apparatus self-sufficient. As an alternative the vapors can be treated to recover their oil content, e.g. by distillation.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying fruits, berries, and the like, including a helical drum for supporting berries in its interior. Each turn of the helical drum is in parallel spaced-apart relation to the adjacent turns, and the spacing between turns is smaller than the diameter of the fruits or berries being dried. The drum is mounted on a frame for rotation about its longitudinal axis, and a fan is mounted inside the helical drum to provide a drying current of air outwardly between the turns of the drum. Berries which are introduced into the interior of the drum are supported between and on the turns of the helix, and as the drum rotates, the berries are moved down the drum and through the drying current of air.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for drying and handling sludge. Sludge is conveyed or transferred into a rotary drying chamber that may be housed within a structure such as a solar drying structure. The rotary drying chamber is provided with a perforated side wall structure. As the rotary drying chamber is rotated, the action of the sludge within the drying chamber results in the sludge being transferred from the drying chamber through the side wall structure thereof. In particular, as the sludge is dried, the movement of the sludge within the drying chamber and particularly the impact of the sludge against the internal side wall structure of the drying chamber causes the sludge to be forced outwardly through the perforated side wall structure of the drying chamber in a spaghetti-like fashion. That is, the dried sludge is emitted through the side wall portion of the drying chamber in the form of relatively small spaghetti-like portions.

Abstract: In a drum which is rotatable about a horizontal axis of rotation, inlet and outlet lines for a gas, for drying a material contained in the drum, are connected to an immersion body. The immersion body has inlet and outlet openings for the gas and is disposed within the drum to be immersed in the material. The immersion body contains a tunnel through which the material can flow and has arranged in its interior at least some of the inlet and outlet openings for the gas.

Abstract: An apparatus for carbonizing an agricultural product utilizes a horizontally rotatable cylindrical vessel in which a pair of helical barriers are used to cause hot gases and combustion air to turbulate in a vortex about a central support member to cause various volatile constituents and organic matter of the agricultural product to evolve leaving the carbon constituents remaining on the skeletal silica through controlled burning at a temperature below the fusion point of the skeletal silica of the agricultural product.

Abstract: A dryer which employs open air and solar energy for tumble drying of such items as clothes comprises a rotatable, closed drum and a frame. The drum has first and second end surfaces and a lateral surface. Each of the end surfaces and lateral surface has a plurality of orifices for permitting open air and solar energy to enter and moisture to exit the drum. An access door is attached to the drum and is movable between open and closed positions to permit loading and unloading of the drum. The frame on which the drum is mounted exposes the drum interior to open air and solar energy. Bearings are coupled to the drum and frame for rotatably supporting the drum on the frame. A mechanism for rotating the drum is mounted on the frame and coupled to the drum. The method of drying comprises loading the items to be dried in the drum and exposing the drum loaded with the items to the open air and solar energy while simultaneously rotating the drum to tumble dry the items in the drum.

Abstract: A method of reducing the liquid content of a mixture of a liquid and a particulate solid by subjecting said mixture to pressure filtration in a tube pressure filter in which, after the formation of the filter cake on the filter element of the tube pressure filter, a gas is forced through the filter cake at a pressure which is at least one third of the maximum pressure employed to form the filter cake on the filter element.

Abstract: The present drying drum includes a roller supported drum jacket which is connected at one end thereof to a drive shaft by means of radially extending arms whereby the drive shaft extends coaxially with the rotational axis of the drum jacket. The drive means proper are guided relative to said drive shaft by guide means forming part of the drive shaft itself or either by a bearing surface forming part of a spur gear connected to the drive shaft. The drive means are further connected through a guide rod with an abutment means for taking up the drive reaction.

Abstract: Crop drying apparatus comprises a horizontal rotatable drum divided internally into a plurality of outer chambers for containing crop to be dried, and a central, axially-extending, multi-sided duct which receives an axial air flow. The inner surface of each chamber has a perforate area to permit flow of air from the duct into the chamber to dry the crop therein and the outer surface of each chamber has a perforate area to permit discharge of moisture-laden air from the chamber to the surrounding atmosphere, the inner perforate area of each chamber leading the associated outer perforate area in the normal direction of rotation of the drum. Control flaps are provided to control the air flow through the inner perforations during rotation of the drum.

Abstract: There is provided a rotary dryer having an elongated rotatable tubular shell, the shell being axially subdivided into zones including a feed zone, a material distribution zone and at least one drying zone. In the drying zone there is provided a plurality of radially inwardly extending flight support members, the leading edges of which face the inlet end of the shell and extend inwardly and rearwardly from the inner surface of the shell toward the central axis thereof whereby hang up of fibrous material on the leading edges thereof is minimized. A plurality of longitudinally extending flights is secured to each of the support members.

Abstract: A baffle for an automatic clothes dryer of a rotating drum type is adjustable in height to compensate for differences in load characteristics and to provide optimum tumbling characteristics for different kinds of loads.