Abstract: A multiple frequency directional antenna is provided. The antenna includes a radiating array aligned over a ground plane. The radiating array has at least two first elongated slots and two second elongated slots. The slots have different lengths to provide different operating frequencies. On the radiating array opposite the slots is a microstrip impedance matching and diplexing feed network. Radio frequency power is supplied to the antenna via the feed network.

Abstract: A planar antenna structure intended to be used in small portable radio devices and a radio device using an antenna structure according to the invention. The radiating element (340) of the antenna is a conductive part in the cover of the radio device or a conductive coating attached to the cover. The radiating element is fed electro-magnetically by a parallel planar feed element (330) connected to the antenna port and located near the radiating element, between it and the ground plane (310). Between the feed element and antenna port there is a feed circuit (320) to provide matching for the antenna and, if necessary, forming an additional operating band. The radiating element need not be shaped to set the resonating frequencies or match the antenna. Instead, it can be designed relatively freely, based on the desired external appearance of the device, for example. Moreover the antenna requires relatively little space within the device.

Abstract: A small volume antenna (100) has the form of a polygonal (e.g., square) board with multiple antenna elements (104, 110) located at vertices (114, 116) (e.g., opposite vertices). The antenna elements (104, 110) include two segments (118, 120, 124, 126) that meet at corners (122, 128) that are located at the vertices (114, 116). Peripheral portions (134, 136, 138, 140) of a ground plane (132) that underlie the segments (118, 120, 124, 126) of the antenna elements are deleted, and slots (154, 162) that have two joined segments (156, 158, 164, 166) that parallel the segments (118, 120, 124, 126) of the antenna elements (104, 110) are formed in the antenna elements. The antenna elements (104, 110) are selectively loaded by switched impedance (e.g., capacitance) networks (172, 176, 178, 180, 182, 186, 190, 192). The antenna (100) is able to support operation in at least two broad operating bands.

Abstract: An antenna element includes a ground plane, a first conductive disk lying parallel with the ground plane and spaced therefrom, and a second conductive disk, larger than the first disk, more remote from the ground plane than the first disk. A electrical and thermal conducing element may make electrical and thermal contact with the ground plane and the first and second disks. A radome extends over the element and in thermal communication with the thermal element. A conductive or high-dielectric-constant planar wing is supported by the ground plane outside of the projection of the disks, with a central axis of the element lying in the plane of the wing. If two wings are present, one may be electrically conductive or dielectric and the other conductive or dielectric. The wings, when the element is arrayed, lie part-way between the centers of adjacent array elements.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an antenna apparatus including a dielectric substrate on which an element including a conductive material pattern is formed. The dielectric substrate is a film.

Abstract: A microstrip slot dipole antenna of the inverted F type, includes a coplanar feed, and is suitable for easy peel-and-stick adhesive mounting. The antenna includes a ground plane, a dielectric layer, a horizontal element and a pair of spaced apart vertical elements depending therefrom defining an inverted F antenna above the ground plane with the dielectric layer therebetween. The pair of vertical elements may be conductive vias. A first antenna feed point is on an upper surface of the horizontal element, and a second antenna feed point is on an upper surface of a second vertical element of the spaced apart vertical elements. The second feed point may be a conductive pad on the dielectric layer spaced apart from a first vertical element and insulated from the horizontal element.

Abstract: The feed point adjustable planar antenna includes a ground component, a main radiation plane, a branch line extended from the main radiation plane, and a ground pin electrically connecting the radiation component with the ground component. If it needs to fine tune the frequency band interval after the design of the antenna is completed, the feed position of the coaxial cable to the branch line can be changed to achieve the fine tuning without cutting the antenna. The ground pin extends from a side edge of the ground component and the branch line is adjacent to the ground component. The branch line and the ground component form a larger coupling range than the conventional planar antenna does. In the mean time, the coaxial cable also has a larger feed range than the conventional planar antenna does.

Abstract: A flat panel antenna includes a horizontal ground plan, a vertical ground plane, a radiation metal member disposed over and in parallel with the horizontal ground plane; the vertical ground plane being disposed at a level higher than that of the radiation metal member, an extension member extending from the vertical ground plane in the direction of and in parallel with the radiation metal member to penetrate into the radiation metal member for a proper length for precise control impedance of the antenna for the normalized impedance to approach 1, i.e. 50-ohm of the system impedance of the antenna to upgrade radiation efficiency of the flat panel antenna.

Abstract: Antenna module for frequencies in the GHz-range mountable on vehicles features a wide range of functions. Module includes a lower patch-antenna with a lower dielectric substrate. A lower ?/2-antenna structure is on the upper surface of the lower substrate for reception of satellite-transmitted frequencies in the GHz range, and a metallization is on the lower surface of the lower substrate. An upper patch-antenna of smaller dimensions and with an upper dielectric substrate is on the lower patch-antenna. An upper ?/2-antenna structure for reception of satellite-transmitted frequencies in the GHz-range is on the upper surface of the upper substrate. A metallization is below the upper substrate. A lower antenna connector runs from the lower ?/2-antenna structure through the lower substrate. An upper antenna connector separate from the lower antenna connector runs from the upper antenna structure through the upper substrate and the lower patch antenna.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mobile terminal with plural antennas. The mobile terminal with plural antennas, comprising a circuit board formed with a variety of elements, at least one first antenna formed on one surface of the circuit board to transmit and receive a radio signal for mobile communications, and at least one second antenna formed on the other surface of the circuit board to transmit and receive a radio signal for additional services. Accordingly, as the size of the mobile terminal does not necessarily increase to have plural antennas, the mobile terminal can be miniaturized.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a new family of antennas with a multiband behaviour and a reduced size. The general configuration of the antenna consists of a multilevel structure which provides the multiband behaviour, combined with a multilevel and/or space-filling ground-plane. The multilevel structure consists of two arms of different length that follow a winding parallel path spaced by a winding parallel gap (parallel to the arms) with a substantially similar shape as each of said arms, that is, with a similar winding path as the arms. The resulting antenna covers the major current and future wireless services, opening this way a wide range of possibilities in the design of universal, multi-purpose, wireless terminals and devices.

Abstract: An antenna includes a ground plane, a match portion, and a radiation portion. The ground plane is used for grounding. The match portion is parallel to the ground plane, and is connected to the ground plane. The radiation portion is connected to one end of the match portion, and extends upwardly with respect to the ground plane. The radiation portion can be a spiral element or a meandrous element. The radiation portion can also include a main body extending upwardly with respect to the ground plane, and a plurality of branches extending parallelly along a same direction from the main body.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a housing and a multi-frequency band antenna carried within the housing. The multi-frequency band antenna may include a main loop conductor having a gap therein defining first and second ends of the main loop conductor, a first branch conductor having a first end connected adjacent the first end of the main loop conductor and having a second end defining a first feed point, and a second branch conductor having a first end connected adjacent the second end of the main loop conductor and a second end defining a second feed point. The antenna may further include a tuning branch conductor having a first end connected to the main loop conductor between the respective first ends of the first and second branches.

Abstract: An antenna for use in a relatively small confined space, such as a mobile phone, is provided. In one example, the antenna includes a feeding arm having an end coupled to a feeding contact; and a grounded arm having an end coupled to a ground contact, wherein the feeding arm and the grounded arm are bent to conform to the relatively small confined volume. The relatively small confined volume can be internal space of a mobile communication device. The mobile communication device can be a mobile phone, for example.

Abstract: A ground plane apparatus (200 ) has a plurality of substantially planar ground plane surfaces (201 ) that are connected, arranged, and configured to substantially form a pyramid-shaped object. A plurality of radiating antennas (202 ) are then provided with at least one such antenna being mounted on each of the plurality of substantially planar ground plan surfaces such that a line of sight (205 ) between tips of adjacent radiating antennas is substantially occluded by at least one of the substantially planar ground plan surfaces. An electrically conductive raised surface (401 ) may be mounted along adjacent edges of the substantially planar ground plane surfaces. Such raised surfaces may further aid in more fully occluding the line of sight between adjacent radiating antennas. As another optional approach, additional shorted antennas (501 ) are also mounted along at least some of the above-noted adjacent edges to further aid in occluding this line of sight.

Abstract: An antenna system (110) for more efficient radiation and reception of radio frequency (RF) signals includes a primary conductor (302), a ground conductor (306) and one or more secondary conductors (310). The primary conductor (302) functions as a first antenna by receiving or radiating electromagnetic energy at a first set of one or more predetermined frequencies of operation. The ground conductor (306) is coupled to one end of the primary conductor (302). Each of the one or more secondary conductors (310) has a first end coupled to the ground conductor (306) near an area of higher current densities which forms when the primary conductor (302) is receiving or radiating electromagnetic energy at one of the first set of predetermined frequencies. The one or more secondary conductors (310) function to provide an additional path for any localized ground currents in the ground conductor (306) near the area of higher current densities.

Abstract: Antenna, antenna combination, and portable electronic device having the antenna or the antenna combination are disclosed. The antenna comprises a radiator, a grounding portion, and an arc-shaped feeding portion connected with a coaxial cable for feeding electronically. A first end of the arc-shaped feeding portion is connected with the radiator, and a second end of the arc-shaped feeding portion is connected with the grounding portion.

Abstract: An antenna system includes a ground plane including a first corner and a second corner that are positioned along a first common edge. A first antenna element is disposed at the first corner of the ground plane and includes a first slot. A second antenna element is disposed at the second corner of the ground plane and includes a second slot. The first antenna element and the second antenna element are fed with an electromagnetic signal and the electromagnetic signal at the first antenna element is approximately 90 degrees shifted from the signal at the second antenna element. The first antenna element and the second antenna element form an antenna structure, and the antenna structure transmits circularly polarized radiation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an antenna structure comprising a ground plane; a radiator having a curved shape portion and a rectangular portion connected to the ground plane via a first end of the curved shape portion and grounded by a ground point of the ground plane, the rectangular portion being connected to a second end of the curved shape portion; and a feed point connected to the second end of the curved shape portion of the radiator.

Abstract: An antenna element includes a dielectric board, a first antenna radiation electrode formed on a top surface of the dielectric board at an outer region, a second antenna radiation electrode formed on the top surface of the dielectric board at a central portion, a ground electrode formed on a bottom surface of the dielectric board, a feeding pattern formed on the side surface of the dielectric board for feeding to the first antenna radiation electrode by electromagnetic coupling, and a feeding pin having an end connected to the second antenna radiation electrode. A combination of the first antenna radiation electrode, the ground electrode, and the feeding pattern serves as a first antenna portion for receiving a first radio wave. A combination of the second antenna radiation electrode, the ground electrode, and the feeding pin serves as a second antenna portion for receiving a second radio wave.

Abstract: An intenna-type dipole antenna of a mobile terminal, for receiving a broadcast signal in a very high frequency (VHF) band, includes: a conducting plate which functions as one of a radiator and a ground; and a pole which functions as the other of the radiator and the ground. Accordingly, the dipole antenna can be implemented as an intenna with facilitated installation and low costs.

Abstract: A mobile terminal and a mobile terminal antenna reduce the intensity of electromagnetic waves radiated in the direction of a human body. The mobile terminal antenna includes a radiator, which radiates electromagnetic waves; a ground which is connected with the radiator, and a radiation preventer which has a metallic bar on one side of the ground in parallel with the ground at an interval. Accordingly, the electromagnetic radiation exposure to the human body can be reduced by altering the radiation emission pattern, while the performance of the antenna can be simultaneously enhanced.

Abstract: A plate member is adapted to be electrically grounded. A first radiating electrode opposes the plate member with a gap and extending parallel to the plate member. A second radiating electrode opposes the plate member with a gap and extending parallel to the plate member. A feeding pin is connected to a center part of the first radiating electrode and a center part of the second radiating electrode. The feeding pin is adapted to feed power to the first radiating electrode and the second radiating electrode. A pair of first short-circuiting pins are electrically connecting the plate member and an outer edge of the first radiating electrode at symmetrical positions relative to the feeding pin. A pair of second short-circuiting pins are electrically connecting the plate member and both ends of the second radiating electrode. The first radiating electrode is formed with blank portions which are located at such positions that are on hypothetical straight lines connecting the feeding pin and the short pins.

Abstract: A method of constructing an antenna, filter, or similar structure comprising one or more planar electrically conductive radiating and/or receiving elements having conductive feedlines attached thereto and a planar around reference conductor spaced therefrom by a spacer layer, comprising the steps of: providing a planar dielectric fabric spacer layer; applying conductive material to a first side of said spacer layer, by an embroidery process employing conductive thread or yarn, to define said electrically conductive radiating and/or receiving elements having conductive feedlines attached thereto; providing a planar around reference conductor on the opposite side of said planar spacer layer in a position corresponding to the pattern of said electrically conductive radiating and/or receiving elements having conductive feedlines attached thereto; and providing a connection whereby said conductive feedlines attached to said electrically conductive radiating and/or receiving elements, and said planar around referen

Abstract: Communications devices having a combined antenna and speaker for a radio receiving apparatus is provided. The combined antenna and speaker includes a speaker and a low profile built-in radio antenna element. The antenna element includes a flat sheet carrying a conductive antenna trace. An exciter is connected to the sheet and devised to induce vibrations therein for generating sound. This integrates a flat panel speaker with the antenna element, which saves components and may increase performance.

Abstract: The antenna assembly is circularly polarized and may be able to receive multiple independent signals. The antenna assembly includes a plurality of electrically conductive layers arranged about an axis to define a series of adjacent corner reflectors (e.g. four to eight corner reflectors), and a plurality of spiral antenna elements. Each spiral antenna element extends across a respective open end of a corresponding corner reflector. Each corner reflector may have an equal corner angle, and each spiral antenna element may be a bifilar spiral antenna element and/or a log spiral antenna element. A housing may contain the corner reflectors and the spiral antenna elements. Electronic circuitry may be coupled to the plurality of spiral antenna elements and contained within the housing. The antenna is preferential for television reception on multiple channels and directions without consumer adjustment, as the antenna provides spatial, angular and frequency diversity through simultaneous overlapping beams.

Abstract: A monopole antenna capable of implementing an MIMO system, which includes a ground part formed of plate metal, a monopole antenna element connected to one side of the ground part and formed of strips bent multiple times, an auxiliary antenna element connected to one side of the ground part and disposed adjacent to the monopole antenna element to electrically connect to the monopole antenna element, and a short-circuit part interconnecting the monopole antenna element and the auxiliary antenna element. Accordingly, the monopole antenna element is bent multiple times so that the antenna can become compact in less than half a width compared to the conventional antenna, and when the MIMO system is constructed, the interference between the respective antennas can be reduced so that the array antenna can become compact in size.

Abstract: Antennas suitable for wideband transmission and reception are disclosed that are useful in environments susceptible to vibration and impact motion such as for example vehicles of various types, e.g., automobiles, trains, etc. The apparatus can include a bicone antenna including two cone-shaped elements. The physical shape of at least one of the two cone-shaped elements may be at least partially defined by one or more pleats (e.g., a series) that extend about a portion of the cone. An antenna can further includes a mast for supporting the bicone as well as a second antenna section including a fractalized dipole. The fractalized dipole can be configured as a conformal circuit board conforming to the shape of the mast and can include self-similar portions or extensions. The antenna may also include a counterpoise to balance the electrically conductive conformal portion. The counterpoise may be defined substantially by a repetitive tooth-like pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a handset and generally of any handheld device, which includes an antenna for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals. More in particular, the invention is related to handsets of the clamshell or flip-phone type. An electromagnetic bra structure is introduced to correct the position of the lobes of the handheld radiation pattern, so that the radiation and sensitivity of the hand held device is increased in the horizontal plane or generally to the other desired directions. The electromagnetic bra structure comprises at least one conducting surface arranged over at least one side of a ground plane of the handset, so that a resonance circuit having a high impedance at an operating frequency of the antenna is establish, to block currents and electromagnetic fields from entering a region of the ground plane.

Abstract: A vertical complementary fractal antenna is provided, which includes a first fractal structure and a second fractal structure. The first fractal structure is defined as a superposition over at least one iteration of a motif, while the second fractal structure has a pattern complementary to that of the first fractal structure. Thus, the antenna may effectively increase bandwidth.

Abstract: A mobile communication device. An antenna provides an output signal including a first resonance frequency and a wavelength. A printed circuit board (PCV) includes a metal grounding face and a layout face opposite the metal grounding face and is coupled to the antenna at a first node. A metal module is coupled to the metal grounding face at a second node. A distance between the first node and the second node is determined by the wavelength.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is a modified inverted-F antenna for wireless communication. The antenna circuit includes a dielectric substrate having a first surface, a radiating stub on the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and a first ground plate on the first surface of the dielectric substrate to couple to ground. The first ground plate includes one or more grounded capacitive stubs spaced apart from the radiating stub. The one or more grounded capacitive stubs tune performance parameters for the antenna circuit.

Abstract: An antenna element for use with an array includes an elongated slot fed from a waveguide for exciting a patch radiator. An elongated thermally conductive strip lies between the slot and the patch, and is parallel with the direction of elongation of the slot. A radome extends above the patch. In one embodiment, a thermal conductor rod extends from the thermally conductive strip to the patch, and coaxially above the patch to the radome. In a preferred embodiment, the slot is ridged and (inter) digitated near its ends. The slot is excited from stripline by means of an elongated conductive strip orthogonal to the elongation of the slot. Through vias extend through and between thin electrically conductive layers to define the waveguide and provide heat sinking.

Abstract: A multi-band antenna includes a first antenna operating at wireless wide area network and having a first radiating arm, a second antenna operating at wireless local area network and a grounding portion employed by the first antenna and the second antenna. Wherein the first radiating arm of the first antenna further includes a metallic sheet, an insulative member affixed to the metallic sheet and a metal foil affixed to the insulative member.

Abstract: An antenna grounding system comprises an electronic device having at first member movably coupled to a second member, at least one cable extending between the first and second members and coupled to an antenna, and a clip having at least two fingers configured to receive the at least one cable therebetween and provide grounding for the at least one cable.

Abstract: An omni-directional antenna includes an electrically conductive ground plane, an electrically conductive parasitic disc spaced upwardly apart from the ground plane and parallel thereto, and an electrically conductive vertical antenna element extending up through the center of the ground plane and parasitic disc, The vertical element terminates in a tip defining a length above the parasitic disc that is matched to a frequency of interest. The parasitic disc and ground plane are preferably both circular. To prevent electrical connection, the vertical element preferably extends through separate insulators in the parasitic disc and ground plane. The length of the vertical element is matched to a microwave frequency; in particular, the length of the vertical element is proportioned to one-quarter wavelength of the frequency of interest. The invention is particularly suited to microwave frequencies.

Abstract: A radio communication device including: a case; a circuit board mounted inside the case; an antenna apparatus that is arranged inside the case and is fed electricity from the circuit board; and one or a plurality of antenna improving elements that are each arranged inside the case and each have a line section with one end grounded at one point to a ground of the circuit board and with another end open, in which the antenna improving element is arranged near a central portion of the case along a longitudinal direction thereof, and the antenna apparatus is arranged near an end of the case along the longitudinal direction thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle mobile radio holder for mounting a mobile radio terminal in a vehicle, with the vehicle mobile radio holder having a housing with a first housing part which is shaped to hold a mobile radio terminal. The vehicle mobile radio holder also has an electrical interface for connection of an external antenna to the vehicle mobile radio holder, and a coupling antenna which is electrically connected to the interface, for non-contacting electromagnetic coupling of RF signals between the coupling antenna and the antenna of the mobile radio terminal which is inserted into the vehicle mobile radio holder. The vehicle mobile radio holder also has one or more elements for reflection of electromagnetic radiation which has been emitted from the antenna of the mobile radio terminal inserted into the vehicle mobile radio holder and has not been injected into the coupling antenna, and/or has one or more elements for absorption of this electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: Low-profile, compact embedded multi-mode antenna designs are provided for use with computing devices, such as laptop computers, which enable ease of integration within computing devices with limited space, while providing suitable antenna characteristics (e.g., impedance matching and radiation efficiency) over an operating bandwidth of about 0.8 GHz to about 11 GHz.

Abstract: An antenna comprising: a first substantially planar ground plate; a first substantially planar resonator positioned in a plane substantially parallel to the first ground plate; a second substantially planar ground plate positioned in a plane substantially parallel to the first ground plate; two or more connectors for electrically connecting the second ground plate to ground; and one or more connectors for electrically connecting the first resonator to the second ground plate; wherein the first resonator and the second ground plate are connected to at least one of receiver means and transmitter means by antenna feeding means.

Abstract: A chip antenna apparatus for receiving global positioning system signals, includes a L-shaped ground area and an omni-directional chip antenna. The L-shaped ground area is disposed on a circuit board. The omni-directional chip antenna is disposed in a gap of the L-shaped ground area on the circuit board and electrically connected to the L-shaped ground area.

Abstract: A method of changing a resonant frequency of an antenna includes coupling the antenna to a ground plane of a circuit board, where the ground plane includes conductive material. The method further includes removing a section of conductive material from a first location of the ground plane, where the shape of the removed section and the first location determine the resonant frequency of the antenna.

Abstract: A GPS antenna has two electrically connected L-sections disposed on opposite sides of a circuit board. The L-sections lie on two separate planes parallel to the circuit board surface. One L-section is connected to a feeding point located at one edge area of the circuit board and the other L-section is connected to a grounding point located at an opposite edge area of the circuit board. Optionally, a second grounding point is connected to the antenna element adjacent to the feeding point for impedance matching purposes. The antenna is configured for use in an electronic device such as a mobile phone.

Abstract: An antenna unit includes a feeding component 40 and a metal plate 50 on which the feeding component 40 is mounted. The feeding component 40 has an attaching member 43 made of resin to support a feeding line against the metal plate. The metal plate 50 has a pair of cut and raised parts 51 at both ends thereof while the attaching member 43 has a pair of locking hooks 432 at both ends thereof. The locking hooks are partly inserted into the cut and raised parts and thereby the feeding component is attached to the metal plate without projecting any parts of the attaching member from a rear surface of the metal plate.

Abstract: A wide band antenna. The antenna comprises a radiating element in a corner region of a substrate, spaced apart from a ground plane occupying a substantial portion of a remaining area of the substrate. Series and shunt impedance matching elements are connected to the radiating element to control the antenna operating parameters. The radiating element is connected to a signal feed.

Abstract: A patch antenna includes a radiator part which includes at least one first radiator attached to an area of one surface of a dielectric, and at least one second radiator disposed within the dielectric and electrically connected to the first radiator; and a ground part which comprises at least one first ground disposed on other surface of the dielectric and at least one second ground disposed on the one surface of the dielectric, the first ground and the second ground electrically connected to each other. Accordingly, the size of the patch antenna is drastically reduced, and a wide bandwidth, high gain, and directionality are obtained.

Abstract: A dual-band antenna (10) is provided. The dual-band antenna printed on a substrate (30) includes a transmission portion (120), a first radiator (140), a second radiator (160), a first grounded portion (180), and a second grounded portion (190). The transmission portion is used for feeding electromagnetic signals. The first radiator is electronically connected to the transmission portion for transceiving electromagnetic signals with a first frequency. The second radiator is electronically connected to the transmission portion for transceiving electromagnetic signals with a second frequency. The first grounded portion is disposed on a first surface of the substrate. The second grounded portion is disposed on a second surface of the substrate. A length of the second grounded portion is greater than that of the first grounded portion. An antenna assembly is also provided in the present invention.

Abstract: A broadband patch antenna including a planar metallic patch sheet that is provided with right-angled edges and is disposed at a predetermined first height above and parallel to the planar base area of an electrically conducting reflector, and a device for feeding an RF signal into the metallic patch sheet. The feeding device encompasses a conductor which is guided in a vertical direction and is insulated through the base area of the reflector and terminates at a feeding point on the metallic patch sheet. To significantly improve the broadband range while keeping the structure of the antenna simple, the metallic patch sheet has the shape of a cross and the conductor of the feeding device is an inner conductor of a coaxial conductor that is positioned between the base area of the reflector and the metallic patch sheet.

Abstract: The multi-band antenna described herein includes multiple antenna elements that collectively resonate in multiple different frequency bands. One exemplary antenna includes first and second vertically spaced antenna elements that connect to a ground plane. A feed antenna element positioned between the first and second antenna elements connects to an antenna feed. The electromagnetic coupling produced by the arrangement of these antenna elements produces multiple resonant frequencies, and therefore, defines multiple operating frequency bands of the multi-band antenna.

Abstract: An antenna with an adjustable grounding element and a related portable device is disclosed. The grounding element of the antenna according to the present invention includes a first section, a second section and a third section, wherein the first section is separately connected to the second section and the third section, such that a shape of the grounding element is substantially hollowed, such as an upside-down U shape. Alternatively, the grounding element further comprises a fourth section having an opening. By adjusting the grounding element or positions or sizes of the opening of the fourth section can obtain different radiation patterns.