Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes, peripheral electrodes including three electrodes for ion trapping, and a transistor coupled to each of the three electrodes. A common signal (COM signal) that varies between a first potential and a second potential in a first period is applied to a counter electrode. A driving signal that varies between a third potential and a fourth potential is input to the transistor. The driving signal is coupled to or uncoupled from the peripheral electrodes by the transistor in a unit of a duration equal to or less than ½ of the first period. AC signals varying between a positive-polarity potential and a negative-polarity potential, with a potential of the common signal being a reference, in a second period longer than the first period, are applied to the three electrodes of the peripheral electrodes, in a state where phases of the AC signals are shifted mutually.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel; a frame at a rear of the display panel, the frame including a first and a second protrusions; a first substrate at a front surface of the frame, the first substrate elongated in a direction along a first side of the frame; a plurality of first light sources disposed on the first substrate at predetermined intervals in the direction. Further, the first protrusion is positioned at an end of the first substrate adjacent to the foremost light source in the first substrate, and the second protrusion is positioned at an end of the first substrate adjacent to the rearmost light source in the first substrate, at least one of the first and the second protrusions includes an inclined surface and the frame is pressed to form the first and the second protrusion such that the protrusions are formed on the front surface of the frame.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to three dimensional (3D) display apparatus. In one embodiment, the 3D display apparatus include a polychromatic backlight unit comprising an emissive light source, a collimator comprising a plurality of collimating features coupled to and in optical communication with the backlight unit, and a diffractive element comprising a plurality of gratings coupled to and in optical communication with the collimator. In other embodiments, the 3D display apparatus includes a monochromatic backlight unit, an LCD module, and a quantum dot containing film.

Abstract: A lens for lighting installations including a lenticular body having a planar light input surface and a curved light output surface, with the lenticular body providing a light propagation path from the input surface to the output surface along a lens axis. The curvature values of the output surface includes peak values at the peripheral region and at least one valley value at the central region.

Abstract: A light and thin display device is provided. The light and thin display device includes: an LED light bar disposed at a light-incident end of a light guide plate and attached to an inner side of a heat dissipation plate; a base connected with an outer side of the heat dissipation plate; a water cooling pipe including an inlet port, an outlet port, and multiple bending segments connected between the inlet port and the outlet port. The bending segments are attached to the heat dissipation plate for circulating coolant liquid. By making full use of the heat dissipation capacity of the heat dissipation plate and the heat conduction base, the area of the heat dissipation plate is reduced and heat dissipation fins are avoided. The display device is ensured light and thin and has a good heat dissipation effect. The cost of the heat dissipation structure is reduced.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a large display portion with improved portability is provided. The display device includes a first display panel, a second display panel, and an adhesive layer. The area of the second display panel is larger than the area of the first display panel. The first display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a reflective liquid crystal element and a first transistor each positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate. The second display panel includes a first resin layer having flexibility, a second resin layer having flexibility, and a light-emitting element and a second transistor each positioned between the first resin layer and the second resin layer. The liquid crystal element has a function of reflecting light toward the second substrate side. The light-emitting element has a function of emitting light toward the second resin layer side.

Abstract: In one aspect, there is provided a display. The display may include a waveguide layer, a first active layer, a redirecting layer, and a lenset layer.

Abstract: Techniques for Domain Generation Algorithm (DGA) behavior detection are provided. In some embodiments, a system, process, and/or computer program product for DGA behavior detection includes receiving passive Domain Name System (DNS) data that comprises a plurality of DNS responses at a security device; and applying a signature to the passive DNS data to detect DGA behavior, in which applying the signature to the passive DNS data to detect DGA behavior further comprises: parsing each of the plurality of DNS responses to determine whether one or more of the plurality of DNS responses correspond to a non-existent domain (NXDOMAIN) response.

Abstract: A display apparatus and a display method are provided. The display apparatus includes a display comprising one or more light emitting element groups each group comprising a predetermined number of light emitting devices; and a controller configured to determine priorities of the light emitting elements included in the one or more light emitting element groups based on a collected light emitting time of each of the light emitting elements and to determine, based on the priorities, whether each of the light emitting elements emits light.

Abstract: The display panel includes a light emitting device, three quantum dot converters including quantum dot particles and converting light of a first color emitted from the light emitting device to light of a different color and emitting the light of the different color, a transmission part transmitting light of the first color emitted from the light emitting device, and a transparent substrate disposed on one side of the three quantum dot converters and the transmission part. One of the three quantum dot converters emits a white light to the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A display panel includes: a display area in which an image is to be displayed; a non-display area in which no image is to be displayed; a first mark that is arranged in the non-display area; a second mark that is arranged in the non-display area on a layer different from a layer on which the first mark is arranged and is adjacent to or superimposed on the first mark in a plan view; a light-transmitting portion that is arranged in the non-display area in such a manner as to overlap at least the first mark in a plan view; and a light-shielding portion that is arranged in the non-display area on a side opposite to the light-transmitting portion with respect to the first mark and the second mark and overlaps the light-transmitting portion in a plan view.

Abstract: A light board mounting system includes a fixture frame having a planar surface and a plurality of alternating bosses disposed along a length of the fixture frame. The system also includes a light board having a first side and a second side, a plurality of lights disposed along a length of the light board on the first side, and a pair of electrical contacts coupled to the plurality of lights and mounted to the second side of the light board and extending away from the second side. In addition, the light board mounting system includes a first edge and opposing second edge of the light board secured to the planar surface of the fixture frame between the plurality of alternating bosses, the second side of the light board being adjacent to the planar surface of the fixture frame and the pair of electrical contacts extending through the planar surface.

Abstract: An optical structure includes a high refractive-index layer and a low refractive-index layer laminated on the high refractive-index layer and having a refractive index lower than that of the high refractive-index layer, and is disposed on a display surface of a display device. An interface between the layers has a concave-and-convex shape, and each of a concavity and a convexity in the shape has a flat portion extending in a surface direction of the layers. A side surface of the concave-and-convex shape, which extends between the flat portions of the concavity and convexity, is a curved surface or a folded surface that is convex to the low refractive-index layer. A difference between a maximum angle and a minimum angle, which are defined between the side surface of the concave-and-convex shape and a normal direction of the layers, is not less than 3 degrees and not more than 60 degrees.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a light-exiting direction adjustment element including a first substrate; a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate; a light transmission part disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and an adjustment part disposed between the adjacent light transmission parts, wherein the adjustment part includes an electrode control unit and light-shielding charged particles used to shield light passing through the adjustment part under control of the electrode control unit.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical member and the like which enable suppression of diffusion of stray light due to a pigment even when the optical member and the like are used adjacent to a light guiding part through which incident light is transmitted. The optical member is configured to be used adjacent to the light guiding part through which the incident light is transmitted and to attenuate the incident light. The optical member has a dispersed carbon particle part that is formed as a result of dispersion of carbon particles in a particular region in a silicone resin. The carbon particles are stray light diffusion suppressing particles for suppressing the intensity of light being incident onto the carbon particles and diffused.

Abstract: A display apparatus and a display method are provided. The display apparatus includes a display comprising one or more light emitting element groups each group comprising a predetermined number of light emitting devices; and a controller configured to determine priorities of the light emitting elements included in the one or more light emitting element groups based on a collected light emitting time of each of the light emitting elements and to determine, based on the priorities, whether each of the light emitting elements emits light.

Abstract: An optical device has a light guide plate that guides light in a plane parallel to an emission surface thereof, an optical deflection surface that deflects light entering the light guide plate from a light source that faces a plane parallel to at least the emission surface or the surface opposite the emission surface, so that the light travels along the light guide direction of the light guide plate, and a plurality of light focusing portions. Each of the light focusing portions includes an optical surface whereon the light deflected by the optical deflection surface and guided by the light guide plate is incident, and which causes the emission surface to output emission light that converges substantially on a convergence point or convergence line in a space, or that radiates substantially from a convergence point or convergence line in a space.

Abstract: A quantum dot, a color conversion panel, and a display device, the quantum dot including a core; and a shell layer positioned outside of the core, wherein at least one of the core and the shell layer is doped with aluminum, silicon, titanium, magnesium, or zinc, and the core includes a Group III-V compound.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of present disclosure provides a color conversion panel including: a substrate; a plurality of light blocking layers disposed on the substrate; a color conversion layer disposed on the substrate between the plurality of the light blocking layers and including quantum dots; an optical filter layer covering the color conversion layer and the light blocking layers; and a hydrogen blocking layer disposed on one surface of the optical filter layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a backlight module and a liquid crystal display using the same. The backlight module includes a light guide plate, a light source and a plurality of light extraction gratings. The light source is disposed at an end of the light guide plate. A plurality of light extraction gratings are disposed on a light emission surface of the light guide plate, and are arranged in an array. The plurality of light extraction gratings are divided into a plurality of regions arranged at equal intervals in a direction from the end of the light guide plate near the light source to another end of the light guide plate away from the of the light source, a gap between adjacent columns of two adjacent regions is a+b, where a is a gap between adjacent columns in the same region and b is a width of one light extraction grating.

Abstract: Disclosed are a backlight unit and a display device including the same. The backlight unit and display device can minimize a change in an optical layer when exposed to hostile environments, such as high and low temperature environments. The backlight unit and the display device have a rigid structure, due to the minimized change in the optical layer even when exposed to hostile environments, such as high and low temperature environments.

Abstract: To enhance visibility of an image provided by a wearable optical device depending on different situations. Provided is an electronic apparatus including an illuminance information acquisition unit (510) configured to acquire illuminance information indicating illuminance of light incident on a wearable optical device toward a viewer from a real space, a situation information acquisition unit (540) configured to acquire situation information indicating a situation surrounding the wearable optical device, a luminance determination unit (520) configured to determine luminance of light emitted by the wearable optical device to allow the viewer to perceive an image superimposed on the real space, the determination of luminance being performed on a basis of the illuminance information and the situation information, and a controller (530) configured to control the wearable optical device to cause the wearable optical device to emit light having the determined luminance.

Abstract: An optical touch system includes a touch panel and a reading circuit. The touch panel comprises a first touch area including a plurality of image sensing units, where the plurality of image sensing units is arranged to form an array of a plurality of columns and a plurality of rows. The reading circuit is coupled to the plurality of image sensing units, where the plurality of image sensing units includes a first selected image sensing unit and a second selected image sensing unit. The reading circuit reads the first selected image sensing unit in the first touch area in a first touch sensing frame, and the reading circuit reads the second selected image sensing unit in the first touch area in a second touch sensing frame.

Abstract: A video display device includes a liquid crystal display panel, and light source substrates configured to illuminate the liquid crystal display panel from a rear side of the liquid crystal display panel. Each of the light source substrates includes a plurality of light emitting diodes each of which is provided in corresponding one of areas different from each other in the liquid crystal display panel, and driver elements which drive each of the plurality of light emitting diodes such that light is emitted with luminance corresponding to brightness within a corresponding area of an image in accordance with a control signal. First conductive foil is disposed on a first main surface of the light source substrate on which the light emitting diodes are provided. Second conductive foil is disposed on a second main surface of the light source substrate on a side opposite to the first main surface.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first, second, third, and fourth pixel electrodes, each including a stem portion and a branch portion to define a plurality of domains, a common electrode opposing each of the first, second, third, and fourth pixel electrodes, and a liquid crystal layer between each of the common electrodes and a corresponding one of the first through fourth pixel electrodes, wherein an overall planar area of the stem portion and the branch portion of the fourth pixel electrode is smaller than an overall planar area of the stem portion and the branch portion of each of the first through third pixel electrodes.

Abstract: The invention provides a backlight module. The backlight module has a cavity, a reflecting cover, a light source and an auxiliary light-guiding diffusion structure. The cavity comprises a reflective surface, a mounting surface connected to the reflective surface, and a light-emitting surface connecting the reflective surface and the mounting surface; the light source a light-emitting diode, the reflecting cover mounted on the mounting surface, the light source being disposed inside the reflecting cover; the auxiliary light-guiding diffusion structure disposed on the reflective surface and able to assist in diffusing the light incident to the reflective surface to improve emission uniformity of the backlight module and display quality.

Abstract: A lighting module having a heat sink and at least one light source supported by the heat sink. A printed circuit board is also supported on the heat sink and electrically coupled to the at least one light source with at least one conductor. The heat sink is folded or formed to define a conductor protector for protecting the at least one conductor and has at least one wall that is situated in operative relationship with the at least one conductor in order to shield or protect the at least one conductor.

Abstract: A frame assembly and display device are provided. The frame assembly includes a mounting member, a sliding member, a top cover and a bottom cover. The sliding member is slidably disposed on the mounting member, in which the sliding member has at least one mounting hole and at least one engaging plate. The top cover has at least one protruding lug, in which the protruding lug is accommodated in the mounting hole, and at least one portion of the protruding lug is positioned by the engaging plate. The bottom cover has at least one engaging hook, in which the engaging hook is engaged in the mounting hole.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device, includes a liquid crystal panel; and a backlight unit under the liquid crystal panel and having a light source. The light source includes a first luminous material having a first peak wavelength, a second luminous material having a second peak wavelength greater than the first peak wavelength, a third luminous material having a third peak wavelength greater than the second peak wavelength, and a light absorption material having an absorption maximum at a wavelength between the second peak wavelength and the third peak wavelength.

Abstract: An image sensor is provided. The image sensor includes a visible light receiving portion and an infrared receiving portion. The visible light receiving portion is configured to receive a visible light. The visible light receiving portion includes a first white filter. The infrared receiving portion is configured to receive infrared. The infrared receiving portion includes an infrared photodiode, a second white filter, and an infrared pass filter. The second white filter is disposed on the infrared photodiode. The infrared pass filter is disposed on the infrared photodiode. The infrared is received by the infrared photodiode after passing through the second white filter and the infrared pass filter.

Abstract: A backlight assembly includes a light guide plate, containing a plurality of dots. Each dot includes a first reflecting surface and a second reflecting surface, respectively configured to reflect a first incident light such that reflected light emerges in a first preset direction in a narrow viewing angle mode, and to diffusely reflect a second incident light such that the reflected light emerges dispersedly in a wide viewing angle mode. A first light source can be disposed over a lateral side of the light guide plate and facing the first reflecting surface, to provide the first incident light on the first reflecting surface in the narrow viewing angle mode. A second light source can be disposed over another lateral side of the light guide plate and facing the second reflecting surface to provide the second incident light on the second reflecting surface in the wide viewing angle mode.

Abstract: A photoluminescent composition (“phosphor ink”) comprises a suspension of particles of at least one blue light (380 nm to 480 nm) excitable phosphor material in a light transmissive liquid binder in which the weight loading of at least one phosphor material to binder material is in a range 40% to 75%. The binder can be U.V. curable, thermally curable, solvent based or a combination thereof and comprise a polymer resin; a monomer resin, an acrylic, a silicone or a fluorinated polymer. The composition can further comprise particles of a light reflective material suspended in the liquid binder. Photoluminescence wavelength conversion components; solid-state light emitting devices; light emitting signage surfaces and light emitting signage utilizing the composition are disclosed.

Abstract: A light source module includes a light guide plate, a light source, a first prism sheet, a second prism sheet and a third prism sheet. The light guide plate includes a light emitting surface, a bottom surface and a light incident surface. The light source is disposed on the light incident surface and emits a beam into the light guide plate through the light incident surface. The first prism sheet is disposed on the light emitting surface and includes a plurality of first prism units located between the light emitting surface and the second prism sheet. The second prism sheet includes a plurality of second prism units extending in a first direction and located between the first prism sheet and the third prism sheet. The third prism sheet includes a plurality of third prism units extending in a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a viewing angle mode switching method of a liquid crystal display device and the liquid crystal display device. A viewing angle mode switching request is received. The target view mode is a first viewing angle mode or a second viewing angle mode. A timing relationship between the second scanning signal and the first scanning signal is adjusted, according to the viewing angle mode switching request. The liquid crystal display device is instructed to switch between the first viewing angle mode and the second viewing angle mode, according to a change of the timing relationship between the second scanning signal and the first scanning signal. With implementing the embodiments of the present invention, switch between different viewing modes can be achieved, and the display convenience of the liquid crystal display device can be improved.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a vehicle indicator lighting assembly or other lighting device for providing dual-color outputs in a lit state and an unlit state, respectively. Specifically, a color of a lighting device may be controlled such that an unlit state may communicate a desired color corresponding to a surface of a component of the lighting device. For instance, the lighting device can include a light guide having one or more decoupling regions and a bezel having one or more effecting facets arranged relative to the light guide. The light guide may be optically-coupled to a light source. The one or more effecting facets may be designed such that, when the lighting device is not illuminated by the light source, a color of a surface of the one or more effecting facets is displayed to an observer in a trailing vehicle by reflection of ambient light from an environment external to the vehicle.

Abstract: Systems and electronic displays with improved contrast even under bright-light conditions are provided. Such an electronic display may include a self-emissive pixel (e.g., OLED or ?-LED) with a corresponding liquid crystal switchable retarder pixel. A liquid crystal layer of the switchable retarder pixel may be tuned to an “on” state or an “off” state. In the “on” state, the switchable retarder pixel may allow outside light that enters the pixel to reflect back out of the pixel. This may add to the amount of light that appears to be emitted from that pixel. In the “off” state, the switchable retarder pixel may block the outside light that enters the pixel from reflecting back out of the pixel. This may reduce the amount of light that appears to be emitted from that pixel. Selectively controlling the switchable retarder pixels may allow for increased contrast even under bright-light conditions.

Abstract: Embodiment of the disclosure provide a display panel, a display device and a control method thereof, which belong to the field of display technology. The display panel comprises: a first base substrate and a second base substrate that are provided opposite to each other; and a plurality of pixel units formed between the first base substrate and the second base substrate. The pixel unit of the plurality of pixel units comprises: a liquid crystal adjustment unit; and a first light-shielding region and a first light-transmitting region at the first side of the liquid crystal adjustment unit. The liquid crystal adjustment unit comprises an adjustment electrode and a liquid crystal layer. The adjustment electrode is configured to control the deflection of the liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer such that the light from the second side of the liquid crystal adjustment unit is transmitted to at least one of the first light-shielding region and the first light-transmitting region.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a backlight unit which provides a light to the display panel, and a light control member disposed between the display panel and the backlight unit. The light control member includes a plurality of first barrier wall members extending in a first direction and arranged in a second direction crossing the first direction.

Abstract: A backplane structure includes: a backplane; an electronic board having a plurality of first through-holes and a plurality of second through-holes spaced apart from the plurality of the first through-holes, the first through-holes each having a rectangular cross section; a plurality of strutting components, a plurality of connecting pieces, and a plurality of locking components, wherein the plurality of strutting components and the plurality of locking components are both disposed at positions corresponding to the second through-holes and the first through-holes on the backplane, respectively, the plurality of strutting components are fixedly connected to the electronic board via the plurality of connecting pieces, each of the locking components includes an inwardly concave locking slot disposed in a side surface of the locking component perpendicular to the backplane, and each of the locking components is locked with the electronic board via each of first through-holes.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes an optical member disposed on a display panel. The optical member includes a linear polarizer and a ?/4 phase retarder overlapping with green and red pixel areas and not overlapping with a blue pixel area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is disclosed. The liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel, a light guide plate configured to guide blue light from a blue light source to the liquid crystal display panel and a light conversion sheet comprising a light conversion layer and a light compensation pattern positioned on edges of the light conversion layer configured to compensate blue light leakage at the edges of the light conversion sheet, wherein the light conversion sheet is positioned between the liquid crystal display panel and the light guide panel.

Abstract: A display panel includes a display device, an optical absorbing layer, an anti-reflection structure and a cover layer. The display device includes a plurality of pixels. The optical absorbing layer is over the display device and configured to absorb a light within a wavelength range. The anti-reflection structure is over the pixels of the display device, wherein the anti-reflection structure includes a photo-sensitive alignment layer, a liquid crystal circular polarizer and a linear polarizer. The photo-sensitive alignment layer is over the optical absorbing layer, wherein the photo-sensitive alignment layer is sensitive to and curable by the light within the wavelength range. The liquid crystal circular polarizer is over the photo-sensitive alignment layer, wherein the liquid crystal circular polarizer includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules aligned by the photo-sensitive alignment layer. The linear polarizer is over the liquid crystal circular polarizer.

Abstract: A display unit of a display device includes a light emitting unit and a light converting layer disposed on the light emitting unit. The display unit emits an output light under an operation of the highest gray level, and the output light has an output spectrum. An intensity integral of the output spectrum from 380 nm to 489 nm defines as a first intensity integral, an intensity integral of the output spectrum from 490 nm to 780 nm defines as a second intensity integral, a ratio of the first intensity integral over the second intensity integral defines as a first ratio, and the first ratio is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 7.5%.

Abstract: An LED backlight, a backlight module, and a display apparatus are provided. The LED backlight includes: a substrate; a plurality of LED chips disposed on a first surface of the substrate and electrically connected to the substrate, where each LED chip includes a first light emitting surface disposed on a side of the LED chip facing away from the substrate and at least one second light emitting surface, and a plane where the at least one second light emitting surface is located intersects with the substrate; a plurality of prism-shaped light guide structures disposed between adjacent LED chips and in a space defined between two adjacent second light emitting surfaces of adjacent LED chips, where the prism-shaped light guide structures have an index of refraction of n1; and a first medium filling the space between the LED chips and the prism-shaped light guide structures.

Abstract: An imager is provided. The imager has an imaging platen which presents an imaging surface against which an object to be imaged can be placed. The imaging platen has a photodetector layer and a light guiding layer operable to guide light towards the object. The imager includes a light source operable to emit light into the light guiding layer. The light source is located at an edge of the light guiding layer, to guide light into the light guiding layer of the imaging platen.

Abstract: A holographic Bragg grating is used as an output element for a waveguide in a lens used for artificial reality. By using a Bragg grating, a number of waveguides can be reduced. The output element has a first super grating and a second super grating written in a single grating layer of the waveguide. The first super grating has a grating vector that is skew to a grating vector of the second super grating to provide both deflection and out coupling for two-dimensional output coupling.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling a spatial light modulator (106) of an image projector (100), the image projector further comprising an illumination source (102) arranged to illuminate the spatial light modulator (106), the apparatus comprising an input (126) for receiving image data, an output for outputting image data and a controller (110) in communication with the input and the output, the controller (110) being configured to: determine an estimated thermal state of the projector; use at least the estimated thermal state of the projector to obtain an expected illumination pattern of light incident on the spatial light modulator (106) when illuminated by the illumination source (102); use the expected illumination pattern to adjust the received image data so as to compensate for thermal changes in one or more components of the image projector; and output the adjusted image data to the spatial light modulator (106).

Abstract: An illumination panel including an optically transmissive, hollow multiwall structure and an array of LED strips distributed within a series of hollow chambers formed by the multiwall structure. The hollow multiwall structure is formed by two or more sheets of optically clear or translucent material joined by a plurality of transverse ribs. Each LED strip includes an array of interconnected light emitting diodes and is preferably provided with one or more light diffusing or beam-shaping elements included into one or more hollow chambers.

Abstract: A system for detecting errors in a source driver for an electronic display includes an upstream logic device, a comparator, and a source driver. The source driver has a number of driven channels which transmit active signals for generating an image on the electronic display and one or more dummy channels which transmit dummy signals to the comparator. The comparator receives and compares signals from at least some of the driven channels with the dummy channels and generates an alert for transmission to the upstream logic device if a mismatch is detected.

Abstract: A display device including quantum rods is provided. The display device includes a light source generating light, a lightguide plate changing a path of the light generated from the light source and outputting the light to a front surface, a first polarizing plate arranged on top of the lightguide plate and generating first polarized light, a liquid crystal panel arranged on top of the first polarizing plate and displaying an image by using the first polarized light, a second polarizing plate arranged on top of the liquid crystal panel and generating second polarized light, and a quantum rod layer arranged on top of the second polarizing plate, divided into a plurality of pixels, and containing quantum rods in at least one of the pixels. A polarizing axis of the second polarized light is perpendicular to a polarizing axis of polarized light emitted by the quantum rod layer.