Abstract: An optical coherence tomography (OCT) system including a source of broadband optical radiation and a beamsplitter coupled to the source is provided. The beamsplitter divides the source radiation into a reference path and a sample path. The reference path includes an optical switch to switch the reference path between a first path having a first reference reflection at a first reference optical path length and a second path having a second reference reflection at a second reference optical path length. The system further includes a beam combiner that mixes source radiation reflected from a subject in the sample path with source radiation returned from the first reference reflection and the second reference reflection. A detection system detects a first wavelength dependent interferogram during the first time interval and a second wavelength dependent interferogram during the second time interval. A processor preconditions the first and second wavelength dependent interferograms.

Abstract: Provided is a laser scanning microscope including a scanning unit that scans laser light emitted from a light source two-dimensionally across a specimen, a light-detecting unit that detects light coming from the specimen, an information-acquiring unit that acquires information about an observation mode, and a control unit that controls the scanning unit based on the information acquired by the information-acquiring unit. The scanning unit includes a galvanometer scanner and a resonant scanner that are alternately operable. The control unit controls the scanning unit to deactivate the resonant scanner if the information acquired by the information-acquiring unit indicates an observation mode in which the galvanometer scanner is used alone and to maintain the resonant scanner in an active state if the information acquired by the information-acquiring unit indicates an observation mode in which the galvanometer scanner and the resonant scanner are alternately used.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus capable of suppressing ghost, and securing a necessary amount of working distance even when an eye to be inspected has a diopter on a myopia side, includes: a large area image acquisition unit acquiring a large area image of a fundus of the eye to be inspected at a low resolution based on return light of first measuring light from the fundus; a small area image acquisition unit acquiring a small area image of the fundus at a high resolution based on return light of second measuring light from the fundus; and a dichroic prism combining the first measuring light and the second measuring light, and dividing the return light, in which the large area image acquisition unit includes an optical member having a positive optical power, which is arranged at a position opposite to the eye to be inspected with respect to the dichroic prism.

Abstract: Provided is a system and method for active multispectral imaging having a transmitter that uses narrowband optical radiation to dynamically illuminate an object with modulated structured light in multiple spectral bands, and a receiver that includes an independent panchromatic imager. The transmitter and receiver can be operated in a bistatic decoupled configuration to enable passive multispectral synthesis, illumination-invariant sensing, optical communications, and the ability for the transmitter to emit a sequence of spectral bands in an order that is unknown to the receiver, and the receiver is able to passively decode the spectral identity from a band identifier embedded in the modulated structured light. The receiver passively decodes embedded high-bandwidth simplex communications while reconstructing calibrated multispectral images at video frame rates.

Abstract: A method of determining at least one behavioral parameter of a wearer for designing an ophthalmic eyeglass lens includes: a) acquiring a first data set from a first representation of the head of the wearer in three dimensions; b) determining the relative position in space of at least three particular points of the head based on the data set; c) acquiring a second data set from a second representation of the head in a natural posture, including at least one image of each of the three particular points; d) identifying the image of each of the particular points from step b) on the representation of step c); e) deducing information relating to the position and/or to the orientation of the head of the wearer during the determination of the second representation from this identification; and f) determining the behavioral parameter of the wearer based on the information from step e).

Abstract: Systems and methods for creating fully custom products from scratch without exclusive use of off-the-shelf or pre-specified components. A system for creating custom products includes an image capture device for capturing image data and/or measurement data of a user. A computer is communicatively coupled with the image capture device and configured to construct an anatomic model of the user based on the captured image data and/or measurement data. The computer provides a configurable product model and enables preview and automatic or user-guided customization of the product model. A display is communicatively coupled with the computer and displays the custom product model superimposed on the anatomic model or image data of the user. The computer is further configured to provide the customized product model to a manufacturer for manufacturing eyewear for the user in accordance with the customized product model.

Abstract: An optical system of an ophthalmologic imaging apparatus of embodiment splits light from a first light source into measurement light and reference light and detects interference light of returned light of measurement light from an eye and reference light. An image forming part forms an image based on detection result from the optical system. The optical unit includes a lens and joining member. The lens is locatable in an optical path of measurement light and used for changing a focus position of measurement light from a first site of the eye to second site. The joining member joins an optical path from a second light source to the optical path of measurement light. The optical unit converges light from the second light source having been guided into the optical path of measurement light by the joining member on an eye fundus via the lens.

Abstract: An apparatus for optical coherence tomography (OCT) comprises a light source, a first arm, a second arm, and a processing unit. The first arm has a first dispersive optical assembly that induces a first amount of dispersion into light from the light source and traversing the first arm, where the first arm is one of a sample arm and a reference arm of an interferometer. The second arm has a second dispersive optical assembly that induces a second amount of dispersion into light from the light source and traversing the second arm, where the second arm is the other of the sample arm and reference arm. The second amount of dispersion is larger than the first amount of dispersion. The processing unit processes an interferometry signal to perform OCT, where the interferometry signal represents a superposition of the light from the first arm and the light from the second arm.

Abstract: A macular health measurement and storage system comprises a plurality of macular-pigment measurement machine for measuring macular pigment density in humans, a plurality of computers each of which is associated with a corresponding one the macular-pigment measuring machines, and a central host. The plurality of macular-pigment measurement machines include a device for receiving macular pigment data from a patient, at least one data transfer port, and at least one processor that enables the transfer of the macular pigment data from the transfer port. The plurality of computers include a first port coupled to the data transfer port of the corresponding macular-pigment measurement machine for receiving the macular pigment data. Each of the computers includes a second port for transferring patient data. The central host is coupled to the second ports on each of the plurality of computers. The central host includes a storage device for storing the patient data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an eye testing and image capture device for testing and examination of an eye comprising an image display device to display an image for viewing by an eye to be tested; an image capture device to capture an image of the eye; a beam splitter positioned to split light between the image capture device and the image display device; and a lighting array for illuminating the eye wherein the lighting array comprises a first array positioned at a first angle to the eye and a second array positioned at a second angle to the eye and the first array and second array comprise two or more different light types. The present invention also relates to a method of obtaining eye test data and one or more image of an eye as well as to a system and method of screening a patient using the device and method.

Abstract: Resolution enhancement of OCT images during ophthalmic surgery may be performed with an OCT scanning controller that interfaces to an OCT scanner used with a surgical microscope. Real-time OCT images may be acquired by the OCT scanner, while previously acquired high resolution OCT images are accessed by the OCT scanning controller. The high resolution OCT images may be morphed based on the real-time OCT images to match a deformation of the eye. The morphed high resolution OCT images may be displayed during surgery.

Abstract: Ocular surface interferometry devices, systems, and methods are disclosed for imaging an ocular tear film. An imaging device can be focused on the lipid layer of the tear film to capture optical wave interference interactions of specularly reflected light from the tear film combined with a background signal(s) in a first image, wherein the specularly reflected light may be produced from various portions of the ocular tear film by obliquely illuminating various portions of the ocular tear film with a multi-wavelength light source, such as in a tiling pattern(s). The imaging device can also be focused on the lipid layer to capture a second image containing the background signal(s) present in the first image. The second image can be subtracted from the first image to reduce and/or eliminate the background signal(s) in the first image to produce a resulting image, which can used to measure a tear film layer thickness.

Abstract: The technology described in this document can be embodied in systems and computer-implemented methods for determining a score representing an amount of staining of the cornea. The methods include obtaining a digital image of the cornea stained with a tracer material, receiving a selection of a portion of the image, and processing, by a processing device, the selection to exclude areas with one or more artifacts to define an evaluation area. For each of a plurality of pixels within the evaluation area, a plurality of Cartesian color components are determined and a hue value in a polar coordinate based color space is calculated from the components. An amount of staining of the cornea is then determined as a function of the hue value. The methods also include assigning a score to the evaluation area based on the amount of staining calculated for the plurality of pixels.

Abstract: Background reduction apparatuses and methods of Ocular Surface Interferometry (OSI) employing polarization are disclosed for measuring a tear film layer thickness (TFLT) of the ocular tear film, including lipid layer thickness (LLT) and/or aqueous layer thickness (ALT) and can be used to evaluate and potentially diagnosis dry eye syndrome (DES). In certain disclosed embodiments, a multi-wavelength light source can be controlled to illuminate the ocular tear film. Light emitted from the multi-wavelength light source undergoes optical wave interference interactions in the tear film. An imaging device can be focused on the lipid layer of the tear film to capture optical wave interference interactions of specularly reflected light from the tear film combined with a background signal(s) in at least one image. The at least one image can be processed and analyzed to measure a tear film layer thickness (TFLT), including lipid layer thickness (LLT) and/or aqueous layer thickness (ALT).

Abstract: Ocular surface interferometry (OSI) devices, systems, and methods are disclosed for measuring a tear film layer thickness (TFLT) of the ocular tear film, including the lipid layer thickness (LLT) and/or the aqueous layer thickness (ALT). The TFLT can be used to diagnose dry eye syndrome (DES). Certain embodiments also include ocular topography devices, systems and methods for deducing corneal shape by capturing an image of a target reflecting from the surface of the cornea. The image of the target contains topography information that is reviewable by a clinician to diagnose the health of the patient's eye by detecting corneal aberrations and/or abnormalities in corneal shape. Certain embodiments also include a combination of the OSI and ocular topography devices, systems and methods to provide imaging that can be used to yield a combined diagnosis of the patient's tear film and corneal shape.

Abstract: An optical coherence tomography (OCT) system using partial mirrors is generally described. In an example, the OCT system includes a swept light source. The system further includes an interferometer into which light from the light source is directed and a detector configured to produce an imaging sample signal based on light received from the interferometer. The system also includes a partial mirror disposed over an aperture, wherein the partial mirror is configured to transmit light within a first wavelength range and reflect light within a second wavelength range.

Abstract: Certain embodiments pertain to Fourier ptychographic retinal imaging methods and systems that focus on a retina of an eye to acquire a sequence of raw retinal images, construct a full-resolution, complex retinal image from the sequence of raw retinal image and correct the aberration in the full-resolution, complex retinal image to generate a substantially aberration-free retinal image.

Abstract: The tomographic image capturing device of the present invention comprises a display means (18) configured to: split light from a light source (11) into measurement light and reference light and cause the measurement light and the reference light to be incident to an object (E) and a reference object (49), respectively; capture tomographic images of the object (E) on the basis of interference light generated by superposition of the measurement light reflected from the object (E) and the reference light reflected from the reference object (49); and display tomographic pictures of the object generated on the basis of the captured tomographic images. The tomographic image capturing device has a first image capturing mode and a second image capturing mode. The first image capturing mode is a mode in which the measurement light is two-dimensionally scanned by raster scan to be incident to the object (E) and the tomographic images of the object (E) are captured.

Abstract: Described is a hemoglobin and hematocrit analyzer, and an analyzing method thereof. The method includes: scanning and taking an image signal of the palpebral conjunctiva of a subject by a scanning unit; receiving the image signal by an analyzing unit connected to the scanning unit; providing a default colorimetric scale by a database connected to the analyzing unit; inputting a clinical test result into the analyzing unit through an input unit connected to the analyzing unit. The image signal is transformed by the analyzing unit to a measured color value. The measured color value is compared with the default colorimetric scale to obtain a test result. The measured color value and the clinical test result are provided as feedback to the database.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes an identification unit configured to identify a retinal blood vessel based on a retinal image, a measurement unit configured to measure blood flow information for the blood vessel based on the retinal image, and a display control unit configured to display the measured blood flow information by at least one selected from a depth of the identified blood vessel, a size of the identified blood vessel, and a combination of both.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for display control. In the method, the electronic device acquires an image including one or more observed objects. The electronic device determines whether an observed object is clearly visible for a user according to vision information of the user. When determining that the observed object is not clearly visible for the user, the electronic device displays an enlarged image including at least a portion of the observed object.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ophthalmic apparatus and to a treatment site measuring method for the apparatus. The ophthalmic apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a first image unit for capturing the lower region of a retina so as to generate an image of the captured retina; a second image unit for capturing the local region of the retina indicated by a surgical operator so as to generate an image of the captured local region of the retina; and a control unit for mapping the image of the local region of the retina generated by the second image unit to the image of the retina generated by the first image unit based on the image of the retina generated by the first image unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for diagnosing and/or quantifying the degree of strabismus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a beam that supports at least two targets, a video camera, a light source for generating Purkinje reflexes, and a computer. The patient gazes at the targets while the video camera captures the patient's eyes. The frames of the video are then analyzed as described herein to determine the location of the pupil and the first Purkinje reflex. With this information, strabismus can be diagnosed, as well as the angle of deviation, which is useful for surgically correcting the strabismus. Methods of analyzing the frames are also discussed herein.

Abstract: A tomographic image capturing apparatus includes a fixation lamp configured to guide a line of sight of a subject's eye, and a control unit configured to control a projection position of measuring light according to a predetermined position on a fundus of the subject's eye and a projection position of the fixation lamp.

Abstract: An ophthalmic imaging device that captures an image of a test eye, the device includes: an OCT optical system configured to acquire an OCT signal by scanning a tissue of the test eye with measurement light, the ophthalmic imaging device configured to execute: receiving a designation of a wide area which is wider than a unit area which is an acquisition unit for acquiring motion contrast data indicating a motion of the tissue; acquiring a plurality of OCT signals for the same position at different timing in each of a plurality of unit areas, the plurality of unit areas being positioned in the designated wide area and being not completely overlapped with each other; and acquiring the motion contrast data of each of the plurality of unit areas by processing the plurality of OCT signals acquired for the same position.

Abstract: An object that has attracted a viewer's interest is determined using head pose and distance information. In one example a viewer's head is detected at a camera of a computing system. A distance from the head to the camera is determined. A pose of the head is determined as a yaw angle of the head. A location is determined using the distance and the yaw angle, and an object of attention is determined using the location.

Abstract: A method to determine an ophthalmic tissue structure comprises measuring image data for a range of depths corresponding to a target point in an eye with an axial scanner with a probe; determining an image information by an imaging processor from the image data; identifying a tissue pathology corresponding to the target point by the processor from the image information; and signaling a user by a user indicator based on the identified tissue pathology. A corresponding apparatus comprises an axial scanner with a probe to measure image data for a range of depths corresponding to a target point in an eye; a processor to determine an image information from the image data, and to identify a tissue pathology corresponding to the target point from the image information; and a user indicator to signal a user based on the identified tissue pathology.

Abstract: A state determination device includes a calculator that receives multiple eye region images captured at different timings in a time interval from when a person opening eyes closes the eyes to when the person opens the eyes next and calculates a luminance value relating to multiple pixels included in each of the eye region images and a determiner, wherein the determiner calculates a time interval from a first time point when the luminance value relating to the pixels reaches a predetermined first luminance value for the first time to a second time point when the luminance value relating to the pixels reaches a second luminance value after the first time point; if a time interval from the first time point to the second time point is a first time interval, the determiner determines that the person is in a first state; if the time interval from the first time point to the second time point is a second time interval which is shorter than the first time interval, the determiner determines that the person is in a se

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are presented for obtaining high-resolution 3-D images of a sample over a range of wavelengths, optionally with polarization-sensitive detection. In preferred embodiments a spectral domain OCT apparatus is used to sample the complex field of light reflected or scattered from a sample, providing full range imaging. In certain embodiments structured illumination is utilized to provide enhanced lateral resolution. In certain embodiments the resolution or depth of field of images is enhanced by digital refocusing or digital correction of aberrations in the sample. Individual sample volumes are imaged using single shot techniques, and larger volumes can be imaged by stitching together images of adjacent volumes.

Abstract: An ophthalmic surgical apparatus includes an observation optical system, an illumination optical system, an interference optical system, and an image forming unit. The observation optical system is configured to observe an eye through an objective lens. The illumination optical system is configured to illuminate the eye through the objective lens. The interference optical system includes a reference optical path and a signal optical path which leads to the eye through the deflecting member located between the objective lens and the eye, and is configured to detect interference light based on light having passed through the signal optical path and returning from the eye and the reference light having passed through the reference optical path. The image forming unit forms an image of the eye based on a detection result obtained by the interference optical system.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to methods and systems for imaging, recognizing, and tracking of a user's eye that is wearing a HWC. Aspects further relate to the processing of images reflected from the user's eye and controlling displayed content in accordance therewith. Aspects further relate to determining health conditions of the user based on eye imaging technologies.

Abstract: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging systems are provided including a source of broadband optical radiation coupled to a sample arm of the OCT imaging system; a beam shaping optical assembly in the sample arm, the beam shaping optical assembly being configured to receive optical radiation from the source as a beam of optical radiation and to shape the spatial profile of the beam of optical radiation; a scan mirror assembly coupled to the beam shaping optical assembly; and objective lens assembly coupled to the beam shaping optical assembly. The beam shaping optical assembly includes a lens assembly configured to change a NA of the OCT system without changing a focus; to change a focus of the OCT system without changing a NA of the system; or to change both the NA and the focus of the OCT system responsive to a control input.

Abstract: Methods and systems to facilitate eye tracking control on mobile devices are provided. An image of a portion of a user is received at an eye tracking device, where the image includes reflections caused by light emitted on the user from one or more light sources located within the eye tracking device. One or more eye features associated with an eye of the user is detected using the reflections. Point of regard information is determined using the one or more eye features, where the point of regard information indicates a location on a display of a computing device coupled to the eye tracking device at which the user was looking when the image of the portion of the user was taken. The point of regard information is sent to an application capable of performing a subsequent operation using the point of regard information.

Abstract: An ocular fundus camera system and an associated methodology. The system includes (a) an image sensor disposed along a fundus-image reflection path adjacent that path's downstream end, and in optical communication with light carried in this path, (b) an aperture centered on the reflection path's long axis, operatively associated with, and stationary with respect to, the sensor at a location which is upstream from the sensor, and (c), for accomplishing (1) precision fundus-image focusing on the sensor, and additionally (2) autorefraction, optical, light-content shifting structure, operable selectively for producing, within that portion of the reflection path which is disposed downstream from the shifting structure, relative trans-axial displacement solely of any non-collimated light carried in that portion of the main path which is disposed upstream from the shifting structure.

Abstract: An integral laser imaging and treatment apparatus, and associated systems and methods that allow a physician (e.g., a surgeon) to perform laser surgical procedures on an eye structure or a body surface with an integral laser imaging and treatment apparatus disposed at a first (i.e. local) location from a control system disposed at a second (i.e. remote) location, e.g., a physician's office. In some embodiments, communication between the integral laser imaging and treatment apparatus and control system is achieved via the Internet®. Also, in some embodiments, the laser imaging and treatment apparatus is further configured to provide photodynamic therapy to a patient.

Abstract: A system, method, medium, controller, or ophthalmoscope for imaging a fundus of a subject. Estimating a first illumination center position for an illumination beam relative to a center position of a pupil of the subject. The first illumination center position may be offset from the center position of the pupil. Sending instructions to an ophthalmoscope to shift a center position of the illumination beam to the first illumination center position.

Abstract: A user terminal apparatus and an iris recognition method thereof are provided. The user terminal apparatus includes an imaging unit configured to generate an image of a user, a display configured to display the generated image, and a controller configured to detect a user eye from the generated image, control the display to display a guide image in a position of the generated image in which the detected user eye is located, and perform iris recognition in response to a difference between a size of an iris included in the detected user eye and a size of the guide image being within a preset range.

Abstract: A scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) for imaging the retina of an eye comprises a source (12) of collimated light, a scanning device (14, 16, 1328, 1319), a scan transfer device (20) and a detector (1310). The scan transfer device has a first focus (16) at which an apparent point source is provided and a second focus (24) at which an eye (524, 1324) may be accommodated. The scan transfer device transfers a two-dimensional collimated light scan from the apparent point source into the eye. An optical coherence tomography (OCT) system (900) is combined with the SLO, the OCT system providing OCT reference and sample beams. The OCT sample beam (902) propagates along the same optical path as of the SLO collimated light through the scan transfer device. An aberration compensator (1204, 1316) automatically compensates for systematic aberrations and/or changes in wavefront introduced by scanning elements and the scan transfer device as a function of scan angle.

Abstract: A method for detecting glaucoma in a subject based on spatial frequency analysis of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) as obtained from optical coherence tomography (OCT) image data is disclosed. Based on the spatial frequency content of the analyzed ILM profile, a quantity called the Retinal surface contour variability (RSCV) is calculated and the presence or absence of a glaucoma condition is determined based on the RSCV magnitude.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for capturing an image in a portable terminal. An image is received at the portable terminal. An eye region is detected in the image. An eye center of the eye region is determined. It is determined whether a reflection region is detected in the eye region. When the reflection region is detected, a shape of the reflection region is determined, and guide information for preventing the reflection region is output based on the shape of the reflection region.

Abstract: The present invention reduces a positional displacement of an acquired image attributable to a delay from the issuance of a drive instruction to a scanner to the scanner actually reaching an instructed drive position. An ophthalmologic apparatus has a light scanning unit which scans measuring light on an eye to be examined, an acquisition unit which receives light reflected from the eye to be examined and acquires a light receiving signal, and an instruction unit which instructs the drive position of the light scanning unit. The apparatus further includes a position detection unit which detects the current position of the light scanning unit and a measurement unit which measures the drive time delay from the issuance of an instruction by the instruction until the current position reaches the instructed drive position. The acquisition unit starts acquiring the light receiving signal at timing based on the drive time delay.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining an orientation of anatomical cornea structures includes: a lighting device, configured to direct a first luminous radiation, polarized with an orientable polarization direction, towards a cornea, when the cornea is in an observation seat; a control device, configured to modify an orientation of the polarization direction; an image acquisition device, arranged so as to receive a second luminous radiation, transmitted through the cornea arranged in the observation seat and illuminated by the first luminous radiation; and an acquisition polarizing filter, arranged so as to intercept the second luminous radiation directed towards the image acquisition device.

Abstract: To accurately position a past photography position and a photography position this time in follow up using polarization OCT images. In follow up, multiple polarization-sensitive tomographic images are positioned based on multiple polarization planar images of an object, corresponding to multiple polarization-sensitive tomographic images obtained by photographing the object at another time.

Abstract: A diagnosis assisting apparatus includes a display, an imaging unit configured to image a subject, a line of sight detecting unit configured to detect a line of sight direction of the subject from a picked-up image imaged by the imaging unit, a point of view detecting unit configured to detect a point of view of the subject in a display region of the display based on the line of sight direction, and an output controller configured to display a diagnostic image including a natural image and a geometrical image, and the point of view detecting unit detects the point of view of the subject in a case where the diagnostic image is displayed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing visual field testing using light field displays are described. The light field display (201, 202; 801; 504; 601-604; 704; 801), that can correct for the focus and cylindrical refractive error of the subject, can be used to perform a variety of visual field testing strategies by rendering visual stimuli to the eye (203). The light field display may be included near the subject's eye, or reimaged by a relay optical system (802). Several embodiments of head and arm mounted systems (711; 704) including a near eye light field display (704) are presented.

Abstract: A control apparatus includes an irradiation unit configured to irradiate a measurement object with a measuring beam, a restriction unit configured to restrict the measuring beam from being incident on the measurement object and to reflect or scatter the measuring beam, and a polarization control unit configured to control, based on the measuring beam reflected or scattered by the restriction unit, polarization of the measuring beam.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic system comprising and eye tracker and an OCT system. A method of operating the ophthalmologic system comprises: providing data representing a placement of a first B-scan performed on an eye relative to the eye; performing a measurement on the eye using the eye tracker; determining a placement of the eye relative to the ophthalmologic system based on the measurement using the eye tracker; placing the eye relative to a reference placement of the OCT system based on the provided data and the determined placement; performing A-scans on the eye at at least three A-scan positions; determining a placement of a second B-scan relative to the OCT system based on at least one of the at least three A-scans and the provided data such that the second B-scan and the first B-scan have a substantially same placement relative to the eye; and generating a representation of the second B-scan.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for performing a photorefractive assessment. The system comprises a computing device including an image-capturing device, a display device, and a computer application that is executable on the computing device and operable to perform a method including receiving input specifying subject information, capturing an image using the image-capturing device containing eye pupils of a subject, and analyzing the image captured to determine a distance between the subject and the image-capturing device using the subject information and predetermined interpupilary distance information. A remediation action may be performed if the distance determined is not within an appropriate distance range for the photorefractive assessment. An illuminance level of the environment may be analyzed using the image captured to determine whether lighting conditions are appropriate for performing the photorefractive assessment.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pupillary response scanning device and methods for use in performing swinging flashlight test, brightness saturation test, color discrimination test, and color blindness test. The device may include: a housing configured to provide a first isolated eye enclosure for a first eye and a second isolated eye enclosure for a second eye of a patient; one or more visible light sources, one or more infrared light sources, one or more imaging devices in each isolated eye enclosure; and a control system that may be configured for manipulating the visible light sources, infrared light sources and the imaging devices.

Abstract: An optical parameter of an eye is detected using an image collection apparatus that collects an image presented by a fundus. An imaging apparatus adjusts an imaging parameter of an optical path between an eye and the image collection apparatus, wherein the image collection apparatus obtains a clearest image that satisfies a defined clarity criterion or condition. An image processing apparatus processes the clearest image to obtain an optical parameter of the eye. The image of the fundus is captured, and an imaging parameter known in the optical path when the clearest image is captured is found, so that a direction currently being watched by the eye and a distance between the eye and a focusing point can be obtained through optical calculation. Consequently, a position of the focusing point of the eye can be determined precisely for a wide range of concurrent applications for eye control interaction.