Abstract: A converter circuit converts AC electric power into DC power. An inverter circuit converts the DC power into AC power. A capacitor is connected in parallel to each of the converter circuit and the inverter circuit between these circuits. The capacitor allows variation of an output voltage from the converter circuit, and absorbs variation of an output voltage from the inverter circuit due to a switching operation. An overvoltage protection circuit includes a resistor and a semiconductor element connected in series to each other. The overvoltage protection circuit is connected in parallel to the capacitor to protect the inverter circuit from an overvoltage. First and second control units respectively control the inverter circuit and the overvoltage protection circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit, coupled between a first reference terminal and a second reference terminal; the ESD protection circuit includes a first voltage divider, a second voltage divider, a first trigger circuit and a second trigger circuit. The first trigger circuit includes a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is coupled to the first reference terminal, and the second terminal is coupled to the second reference terminal via the first voltage divider. The second trigger circuit includes a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is coupled to the second reference terminal, the second terminal is coupled to the first reference terminal via the second voltage divider, and the second trigger circuit and the first trigger circuit are in parallel connection.

Abstract: An exemplary computing device includes a plurality of circuits and/or a plurality of in-situ monitors configured to generate outputs that indicate one or more operating conditions of the circuits. The computing device also includes a system management unit configured to detect a potentially faulty voltage-to-frequency ratio implemented by one of the circuits based at least in part on one or more of the outputs. The system management unit is also configured to modify the potentially faulty voltage-to-frequency ratio based at least in part on one or more of the outputs. Various other devices, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: An input/output (I/O) interface includes a resistance-to-current (R/I) converter; an internal resistor; first, second, and third current sources; first and second diodes; and a comparator. The R/I converter is coupled to an I/O pin and generates an output current based on an external resistance at the I/O pin during an analog operating mode. The internal resistor is coupled to the I/O pin and to ground. The first current source is coupled to the R/I converter circuit. The first diode is coupled to the R/I converter and to the I/O pin. The second current source is coupled to the R/I converter and the first diode and to ground. The second diode is coupled to the I/O pin and to the third current source. The comparator has inputs coupled to the I/O pin and to a reference voltage, and outputs a control signal indicative of a digital operating mode.

Abstract: An overvoltage protection circuit for a control unit for a vehicle includes an input terminal for applying an electrical input voltage, a test terminal for applying an electrical test voltage, and an output terminal for providing an electrical output voltage to supply the control unit. The overvoltage protection circuit also includes a reference device to provide a reference voltage using the input voltage. The overvoltage protection circuit includes a dividing device to provide a divided voltage using the output voltage. The overvoltage protection circuit includes a control device to provide a regulation signal using the reference and divided voltages. The overvoltage protection circuit includes a regulation device connected between the input and output terminals. The regulation device provides the output voltage using the input voltage and the regulation signal. The overvoltage protection circuit includes a modification device to modify a value of the divided voltage using the test voltage.

Abstract: A method and monitoring device for selectively determining partial insulation resistance and partial system leakage capacitance of an outgoing line in a branched ungrounded power supply system monitored using an insulation monitoring device actively superposing a measuring alternating voltage on the ungrounded power supply system. Using an equivalent circuit diagram of the branched ungrounded power supply system as a basis, the partial insulation resistance having the current/voltage ratios applicable in linear systems are derived from the known measuring voltage and the inner resistance of the insulation monitoring device and from the total insulation resistance and the stationary partial current measured in the corresponding outgoing line and in the settled state.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, an electronic device may include a battery, a resonance circuit, a rectifier, a DC/DC converter, a charger, a switch, an overvoltage protection circuit configured to perform an overvoltage protection operation or to stop the overvoltage protection operation based on the voltage at the output terminal of the rectifier, a control circuit, and a communication circuit, and the control circuit may be configured to: based on a periodic repetition of a performance of the overvoltage protection operation and a stop of the overvoltage protection while the switch is in an off state, identify a first period during which the overvoltage protection operation is stopped, based on the first period, identify an expected voltage at an output terminal of the rectifier, to be expected, wherein the expected voltage is a voltage if the switch is in an on state, based on the expected voltage, identify whether an occurrence of an overvoltage is expected if the switch is in the on state, and control the c

Abstract: Overvoltage protection circuits are provided. In some embodiments, an overvoltage protection circuit includes a first diode made of a first semiconductor material having a bandgap width greater than that of silicon. A second diode is included and is electrically cross-coupled with the first diode. The second diode is made of a second semiconductor material different from the first semiconductor material.

Abstract: A transient voltage suppression device and a manufacturing method therefor, the transient voltage suppression device including: a substrate, a first conductivity type well region and a second conductivity type well region disposed in the substrate. The first conductivity type well region includes a first well, a second well, and a third well. The second conductivity type well region includes a fourth well that isolates the first well from the second well, and a fifth well that isolates the second well from the third well. The device further includes a Zener diode well region provided in the first well, a first doped region provided in the Zener diode well region, a second doped region provided in the Zener diode well region, a third doped region provided in the second well, a fourth doped region provided in the third well, and a fifth doped region provided in the third well.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure relates to an electronic circuit including a first switch coupling a first node of the circuit to an input/output terminal of the circuit; a second switch coupling the first node to a second node of application of a fixed potential; and a high-pass filter having an input coupled to the terminal and an output coupled to a control terminal of the second switch.

Abstract: A power control device includes: an output voltage controller configured to control an output voltage based on a feedback voltage corresponding to the output voltage; and an overvoltage protector configured to continue or stop the operation of the output voltage controller based on a first detection result of whether the output voltage has exceeded an output voltage threshold value and a second detection result of whether the feedback voltage has fallen to or below a feedback voltage threshold value.

Abstract: Electrostatic discharge (ESD) test systems include a FET-based pulse generator using pairs of back-to-back FETs coupled to produce an ESD pulse based on discharging a capacitor that is coupled in series with a device under test (DUT). A number of FETs can be selected based on an intended ESD test voltage magnitude.

Abstract: A USB Type-C/Power Delivery controller chip includes a first pin for receiving a first voltage, a second pin for receiving a second voltage, and a third pin for coupling to the CC pin of a USB connector. The USB controller chip includes a VCONN power supply circuit having a blocking field effect transistor (BFET) coupled in series with a hot-swap field FET (HSFET) between the first and third pins, and first and second Zener diodes coupled anode-to-anode between the HSFET's source and gate. A cable detection circuit includes a BFET coupled between the second and third pins, and a Zener diode coupled between the BFET's gate and a lower rail. A power delivery physical layer circuit includes a receiver and a transmitter, each coupled to the third pin through a respective BFET, the respective BFETs each having a Zener diode coupled between respective gates and the lower rail.

Abstract: The present application provides method and circuit for monitoring a voltage of a power supply, which adopts a divided voltage circuit to obtain a divided voltage from an input voltage of an input power source generated from the power supply, for detecting the input voltage according to the divided voltage by adopting a first detection circuit and a second detection circuit. Also, judging whether the divided voltage is clamped according to a clamp threshold value to determine the first detection circuit or the second detection circuit detecting a detection current and determine another detection circuit detecting the divided voltage. Hereby, the input voltage transmitted from a rectification circuit to the power supply is monitored, and the dependence between the two detection circuits is avoided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for detecting movement of a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device. The system uses a drive voltage signal source for generating a low frequency drive voltage signal for driving the MEMS device. An excitation signal source may be used for generating an excitation signal which is also applied to the MEMS device. The excitation signal has a frequency which is above a physical response capability of the MEMS device, such that operation of the MEMS device is not significantly affected by the excitation signal. A sensing impedance is used to help generate a signal which is responsive to the capacitance of the MEMS device. The capacitance of the MEMS device changes in response to movement of the MEMS device. An output subsystem is provided which responds to changes sensed by the sensing impedance, and which produces an output voltage signal. A filter filters the output voltage signal to produce a filtered output voltage signal.

Abstract: An over-voltage protection circuit includes an over-voltage detection circuit, a voltage generator and a switch for providing over-voltage protection between two pins of a USB Type-C port. The over-voltage detection circuit provides an over-voltage signal according to the level of the second pin. The switch includes a first end coupled to the first pin, a second end coupled to the second pin and a control end coupled to a control signal. When the over-voltage signal does not indicate an over-voltage occurrence at the second pin, the voltage generator provides the control signal having a first level for operating the switch in a first region. When the over-voltage signal indicates an over-voltage occurrence at the second pin, the voltage generator adjusts the control signal to a second level for cutting off the switch. The switch operates in a second region after the over-voltage occurrence and before the switch is cut off.

Abstract: A battery protection circuit includes: a charging control switch connected in series to a big current path between a battery module configured with a plurality of cells connected in series and a plurality of pack terminals; a battery controller for controlling the charging control switch based on cell voltages of the cells; and a plurality of first protection circuits connected to the respective cells on the big current path, and intercepting or allowing a current flowing to the corresponding cell based on the cell voltage of the corresponding cell from among the cells, wherein the first protection circuits respectively include at least one switch connected in series between neighboring cells or between one of the cells and a first pack terminal from among the pack terminals, and a cell controller for controlling the at least one switch according to a cell voltage of the corresponding cell.

Abstract: The invention provides a surge protector, in particular for information technology and/or communications technology systems, which is equipped with: a housing (ST, BT; GT); a first input terminal (E1) for applying a first external voltage signal; a second input terminal (E2) for applying a second external voltage signal; a first output terminal (A1) for outputting the first external voltage signal; a second output terminal (A2) for outputting the second external voltage signal; a surge protection circuit device (G1, R1, Z1; G1, G2, R1, R2, Z1; G1, G2, R1, R2, Z1, Z2), at least part of which is provided on a circuit board (P) located in the housing (ST, BT; G); a first current path (ST1) for conducting the first external voltage signal from the first input terminal (E1) to the first output terminal (A1) bypassing the surge protection circuit device (G1, R1, Z1; G1, G2, R1, R2, Z1; G1, G2, R1, R2, Z1, Z2); a second current path (ST2) for conducting the second external voltage signal from the second input termin

Abstract: Electrical overstress protection for high speed interfaces are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a semiconductor die with bidirectional protection against electrical overstress is provided. The semiconductor die includes a first pad, a second pad, a forward protection silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) electrically connected between the first pad and the second pad and configured to activate in response to electrical overstress that increases a voltage of the first pad relative to a voltage of the second pad, and a reverse protection SCR electrically connected in parallel with the forward protection SCR between the first pad and the second pad and configured to activate in response to electrical overstress that decreases the voltage of the first pad relative to the voltage of the second pad.

Abstract: A high voltage protection system for saddle type vehicle detects the short circuiting of any wire. The high voltage protection system provides three different modules: a high voltage protection circuit, a fault collection circuit, and a fault detection circuit, working together to detect the short circuiting or voltage spike and disconnect the vehicle loads from the power supply to prevent an accident.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are systems and circuitry for protecting against overdrive and electrostatic discharge. For example, protection circuitry may include field effect transistors to discharge overdrive outside of an operational voltage range of a circuit in some embodiments to prevent damage to the circuit. Further, the protection circuitry may utilize diode features inherent in the field effect transistors to protect against electrostatic discharge in some embodiments. The circuitry may be implemented in radio frequency sampling analog-to-digital converters and can provide for single-ended signal input and/or output for the analog-to-digital converters.

Abstract: A disclosed under-voltage lockout (UVLO) circuit includes an automatic UVLO threshold configuration. The UVLO circuit may include an over-voltage protection circuit that receives power from a power source, a peak detector that detects a peak voltage output for the power source, a voltage threshold generator that sets a UVLO threshold based on the peak voltage output, and a comparator that compares an instantaneous voltage with the UVLO threshold and configures an operating mode of a device based on the comparison.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a protection circuit in a semiconductor device includes first and second transistors including gates electrically connected to a first node, and connected in series to each other between the first and second lines, third and fourth transistors including gates electrically connected to a second node between the first and second transistors, and connected in series to each other between the first and second lines, and a fifth transistor including a gate electrically connected to a third node between the third and fourth transistors, and provided between the second node and the second line. The protection circuit further includes an arithmetic circuit configured to perform calculation using a first signal received from the second node to output a second signal, and a sixth transistor configured to receive the second signal to output a control signal to the arithmetic circuit.

Abstract: An overvoltage protection circuit which can be applied to a motor controller is provided. The overvoltage protection circuit is coupled to an input terminal for receiving an input voltage. The overvoltage protection circuit comprises a switch circuit, a controller, and a comparing unit. When the input voltage is greater than a first voltage, a discharging mechanism is forced to start so as to suppress a voltage spike. When the input voltage is less than a second voltage, the discharging mechanism is closed so as to operate normally.

Abstract: An arrangement for an overvoltage protection of a subsea electrical apparatus and a method for operating it. The arrangement includes a tank submersible below a water surface level, an electrical apparatus accommodated in the tank, and a surge arrester arrangement accommodated in the tank and coupled to a power supply of the electrical apparatus in the tank for providing the overvoltage protection of the electrical apparatus. The arrangement further includes a controllable grounding switch for connecting the surge arrester arrangement to a ground point in response to a control of the grounding switch to a closed state and for disconnecting the surge arrester arrangement from the ground point in response to a control of the grounding switch to an open state.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a system and method for protecting an electronic device from high voltages that may exceed tolerance limits for circuitry within the electronic device. A protection circuit blocks high voltages from the device components through gating techniques. Such gating techniques may similarly be used to control whether power is received by the electronic components when an error condition is detected by a control unit.

Abstract: A circuit protection system is provided herein that minimizes the disconnection time of a circuit while protecting other electrical components. Some configurations comprise a set of parallel circuit interruption devices, each connected in series with respective fuses. A control device sets a state of the circuit interruption device based on a current of the circuit. Under certain current loads, the circuit is interrupted without causing a fuse to blow. Under other current loads, the circuit is interrupted by having one or more fuses blow.

Abstract: Embodiments of a discharge circuit are disclosed for quickly and safely discharging energy from an inductor load. The discharge circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch and a voltage regulator. The inductor load couples between the first switch and the second switch. During fast demagnetization, a high side switch is tuned off to decouple the load from a voltage source and the second switch is turned on. Voltage on one end of the load is pushed high and maintained at a predetermined level due to the voltage regulator. The predetermined voltage pulls down the current at the inductive load and causes temperature of the discharge circuit going up quickly. Once the temperature reaches a predetermined threshold, a comparing circuit outputs a signal to a driver and eventually pulls down voltage of the inductor load for low-power demagnetization.

Abstract: A power supply includes a power converter, a protection circuit, and a control circuit. The protection circuit includes an input for receiving an input voltage, an output for providing an output voltage to the power converter, a first switching device coupled in a current path between the input and the output, and a second switching device coupled across the first switching device. The control circuit is configured to sense the input voltage and the output voltage, in response to the output voltage exceeding a first defined threshold, turn off the first switching device and turn on the second switching device to supply power to the power converter, and in response to the input voltage exceeding a second defined threshold, turn off the second switching device to disconnect the power source from the power converter. Other example power supplies and protection circuits are also disclosed.

Abstract: A modular load management system comprises one or more compact modules designed to fit in the wiring troughs of a standard AC distribution panel of a building. The modules include one or more input terminals to receive electrical power from one or more circuit breakers in the panel and deliver power to load circuits of the building via one or more output terminals. The modules contain at least one disconnect switch for disconnecting circuits from breakers in response to a remote or locally-generated control signal. The modules may also include current sensors on some or all terminals, such that power and energy flow may be monitored on a per-circuit basis.

Abstract: An electrical stress protection circuit includes a detection circuit including a first transistor connected to a driving voltage rail and turned on when electrical stress is provided, and a bypass transistor turned on in response to a signal output when the first transistor is turned on and configured to provide electrical stress to a reference voltage rail. An electronic device configured to perform a predetermined function, includes a detection circuit including a first transistor connected to a driving voltage rail and turned on when electrical stress is provided, and an electrical stress protection circuit including a bypass transistor turned on in response to a signal output when the first transistor is turned on and configured to provide electrical stress to a reference voltage rail.

Abstract: A control device of a power supply circuit includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry includes a state-of-charge calculator and a target calculator. The state-of-charge calculator calculate a state of charge of the first battery. The target calculator calculates a target voltage range. When an output voltage of the first battery detected by a voltage sensor cannot be acquired and an acquisition failure occurs, after the occurrence of the acquisition failure, the state-of-charge calculator is configured to obtain the state of charge of the first battery, as a held state-of-charge, that was calculated before the occurrence of the acquisition failure. When a pre-charge process is performed in a state in which the acquisition failure is occurring, the target calculator is configured to calculate an estimated output voltage of the first battery from the held state-of-charge and calculate the target voltage range based on the estimated output voltage.

Abstract: Methods and systems for detecting a neutral voltage connection, involve determining when a value of a neutral current is equal to zero, wherein the neutral current comprises a difference between a current flowing through two legs of an electrical meter to an end customer, wherein each of the two legs comprises a first voltage with respect to a ground and a second voltage with respect to one another; and verifying that the neutral current has been detected to zero, in response to determining that the value of the neutral current is equal to zero.

Abstract: A power control device includes: an output voltage controller configured to control an output voltage based on a feedback voltage corresponding to the output voltage; and an overvoltage protector configured to continue or stop the operation of the output voltage controller based on a first detection result of whether the output voltage has exceeded an output voltage threshold value and a second detection result of whether the feedback voltage has fallen to or below a feedback voltage threshold value.

Abstract: Overvoltage protection circuits are provided. In some embodiments, an overvoltage protection circuit includes a first diode made of a first semiconductor material having a bandgap width greater than that of silicon. A second diode is included and is electrically cross-coupled with the first diode. The second diode is made of a second semiconductor material different from the first semiconductor material.

Abstract: Embodiments of a single event latch-up (SEL) protection circuit are provided, including: a first circuitry block coupled to a source of an input voltage a load, and digitally controlling a first switch; the first switch generates a load and senses an instantaneous load current iLoad. A second circuitry block is configured to generate an average iLoad and generate single event latch-up triggers (i.e., SEL fault detection) as a function of at least a comparison of the inst_iLoad and average iLoad; wherein this first circuitry block contains the analog based SET filtering needed to reduce false SEL triggers. A supervisor module generates on/off commands for the first switch, responsive to receiving the SEL detection in excess of a pre-programmed delay to provide the final SET filtering to prevent false SEL triggers. The first circuitry block removes the load voltage at N1 upon receiving an off command from the supervisor module.

Abstract: A switching converter controller includes a detection circuit, an input load circuit, and a timer circuit. The detection circuit is configured to compare voltage at a power stage voltage input to a line undervoltage threshold voltage to initiate a soft stop operation. The input load circuit is coupled to the power stage voltage input. The input load circuit is configured to, responsive to the soft stop operation, switchably reduce a resistance from the power stage voltage input to a ground terminal. The timer circuit is configured to set a duration of reduced resistance from the power stage voltage input to the ground terminal.

Abstract: A battery secondary protection circuit and a mode switching method thereof are disclosed. The battery secondary protection circuit is coupled in series with a battery primary protection circuit and has a power pin and a sensing pin. The switching method includes steps of: (S1) determining whether a voltage difference between the power pin and the sensing pin is greater than a default value; and (S2) selectively switching the battery secondary protection circuit to a first mode or a second mode according to a determination result of the step (S1). The battery secondary protection circuit delays a first delay time and a second delay time in the first mode and the second mode respectively and then performs a circuit protection operation. The first delay time is longer than the second delay time.

Abstract: A switching element drive device that reduces a switching loss while suppressing noise with an inexpensive configuration, is provided. The switching element drive device includes a current sensor configured to measure a load current flowing through a load, a voltage sensor configured to measure an input voltage inputted from a power supply, and a control part configured to output a command value of a gate drive voltage to a gate drive voltage supply part, the gate drive voltage supply part being configured to supply the gate drive voltage for driving a switching element disposed between the power supply and the load, wherein the control part is further configured to determine the command value of the gate drive voltage based on the load current and the input voltage.

Abstract: The current invention concerns a method for wireless power transfer from a charging station to an energy storage element of an AGV, or on an AGV. Furthermore, it provides a charging station, as well as a wireless energy receiving system for receiving energy from a charging station and providing said received energy to an energy storage element of an AGV, or on an AGV, and furthermore a system for wireless power transfer incorporating one or more charging stations and a plurality of said wireless energy receiving systems.

Abstract: A battery protection circuit has two input nodes and two output nodes. The input nodes are connected to a positive supply line and a negative or ground line respectively, and the two output nodes are connected to a positive side of a load and a negative or ground return side of the load. The circuit includes a solid state switch which is oriented such that when the switch is open current cannot flow from the battery through the load. At least one capacitor is connected in series with a diode between the two input nodes of the circuit to smooth out any negative transient voltages present at the positive input node of the circuit. The capacitor includes a polarized capacitor and the diode is oriented to protect the capacitor during normal use when a positive voltage is present at the input node that is connected to the positive supply line.

Abstract: A communication device according to an embodiment includes an oscillator, a first signal generation circuit, a first insulation element, a first receiving circuit, and a first output circuit. The oscillator is configured to output a first carrier signal when at least one of a plurality of input signals that are externally input is at a first logic level. The first carrier signal and a first input signal among the input signals are input to the first signal generation circuit. The first signal generation circuit is configured to generate a first signal when the first input signal changes from a second logic level to the first logic level, output a first modulated signal based on the first signal, and thereafter output a second modulated signal based on the first carrier signal.

Abstract: A circuit is disclosed to provide synchronization between parallel-connected battery cells. The circuit includes at least a plurality of battery cells connected in parallel to an output voltage rail of the battery pack. The circuit may further include a first indicator resistor having a first terminal and a second terminal, where the first terminal is connected to the output voltage rail. The circuit may further include a plurality of charge protection circuits corresponding to the plurality of battery cells and include at least a first charge protection circuit configured to detect that a first battery cell corresponding to the first charge protection circuit has triggered one or more undesirable charge protection states to enter a charge protection mode and shut off a first charge transistor for the first battery cell to prevent charging of the first battery cell in response to the first battery cell entering the charge protection mode.

Abstract: Disclosed is an overvoltage protection circuit and method thereof. The overvoltage protection circuit includes a charge/discharge circuit configured to be charged or discharged based on a source voltage of a first transistor included in a non-isolated converter and a comparison circuit, based on a voltage charged in the charge/discharge circuit exceeding a threshold voltage, turn off a power supply circuit supplying power to the non-isolated converter.

Abstract: An ESD protection circuit is provided, including a negative ESD protection module and a positive ESD protection module, where the negative ESD protection module includes a first resistor, a charging capacitor, a first field effect transistor, and a second field effect transistor, and the positive ESD protection module includes a fourth field effect transistor. When a negative ESD event occurs, there is a comparatively large transient voltage at a gate of a P-type enhanced GaN power device relative to a source of the P-type enhanced GaN power device. Therefore, a displacement current from the source to the gate of the P-type enhanced GaN power device is generated on the charging capacitor. A voltage drop generated by the displacement current on the first resistor may enable the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor to form a path when the first field effect transistor is turned on.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a connector including a plurality of terminals for electrically connecting to a power supply device supplying a power to the electronic device and a control circuit. The control circuit senses a moisture entering the connector, changes an impedance of at least one specified data terminal among the terminals in response to the sensing of the moisture such that the power supply device identifies the impedance of the at least one specified data terminal and changes a level of a voltage depending on the impedance, and receives the voltage whose level is changed from the power supply device. Other various embodiments identified in the specification are also possible.

Abstract: The integrated circuit (IC) described herein lowers the start-up voltage to, for example, 50 mV, compatible for starting a DC-DC converter from a thermoelectric generator (TEG), even with a small temperature gradient. The IC further improves end-to-end efficiency of the energy harvester by improving power efficiency of the DC-DC converter while ensuring maximum power transfer from the TEG at low voltages. The IC uses a low voltage integrated charge pump that can boost sub-100 mV input voltage. A startup clock is generated by a ring-oscillator that begins operation with low supply (e.g., 50 mV or less), and which allows for one inductor to be used for DC-DC converter and for startup of the converter. The IC can be configured between the TEG and any downstream sensor or communication circuits to provide an acceptable (e.g., greater than 1 V) voltage for powering the downstream circuits from a low-voltage (e.g., less than 200 mV) TEG energy source.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a first domain including a first high power source line, a first low power source line, and a first power clamp circuit; a second domain including a second high power source line, a second low power source line, and a second power clamp circuit; a third power clamp circuit provided between the second high power source line and the first low power source line; a first relay circuit that receives a signal from the first domain and outputs the signal to the second domain; and a second relay circuit that receives a signal from the second domain and outputs the signal to the first domain, wherein the first relay circuit and the second relay circuit have a circuit portion that is connected to the second high power source line and the first low power source line.

Abstract: A direct-current breaking device includes a main circuit breaker inserted on a DC line, a resonant circuit connected in parallel with the main circuit breaker, and a MOSA connected in parallel with the main circuit breaker via the resonant circuit. The resonant circuit includes first, second, third, and fourth switching elements, a capacitor, and a reactor. A first circuit unit including the first switching element and the second switching element connected in series with each other, and a second circuit unit including the third switching element and the fourth switching element connected in series with each other are connected in parallel. The capacitor is connected between a connection point of the first switching element and the second switching element and a connection point of the third switching element and the fourth switching element to constitute a bridge circuit. The bridge circuit and the reactor are in series with each other.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a transistor coupled between an input pin and an output pin and an overvoltage detection circuit configured to receive a serial interface signal from the input pin and generate an enable signal in response to a voltage of the serial interface signal exceeding a voltage threshold. The apparatus also includes a first circuit configured to apply a clamping voltage to a gate of the transistor based on the enable signal to regulate a voltage provided at the output pin.