Abstract: A restart method that performs restart in a label transfer network, the restart method includes: selecting, by a restart node, one or more adjacent nodes based on a processing capacity of the restart node, setting a selected adjacent node as a restart group and notifying the selected adjacent node of restart; restoring, based on a label value of a path notified by the selected adjacent node, an entry corresponding to the path using a label table that associates the path with the label; and repeating a notification of restart and a restoration of an entry to restore the label table.

Abstract: The present application is directed towards distributing multicast routing packets in a cluster environment utilizing link aggregation. In a cluster environment, a plurality of devices may be connected to an upstream router or switch as a single “virtual” device having a plurality of connections as part of a link aggregation group, allowing the router to easily and efficiently distribute packets among the connections. Multicast routing packets may be sent via only a single connection of the link aggregation group, and accordingly, a recipient device may distribute the multicast routing packet to other devices. To distinguish between a newly received routing packet from the router and an internally distributed routing packet from a first device, the first device may insert a predetermined identifier into a MAC address of the routing packet.

Abstract: A method for configuring a router is disclosed. The method comprises providing router configuration information. The router configuration information is sent to the router over a cellular data network.

Abstract: Method of routing in a telecommunications network an SIP message intended to be routed through intermediate entities constituting nodes of a signaling path. According to the invention, said method comprises a step of bypassing an intermediate entity able to be bypassed if unavailable. Application to the IMS architecture.

Abstract: Provided are a method, system, computer storage device, and storage area network for maintaining a communication path from a host to a storage subsystem in a network. A storage subsystem controls data transfer and access to a storage devices in a network including a switch and a host. A topological storage stores topological coupling relationship between the host and the switch and a topological coupling relationship between the switch and the storage subsystem. In response to determining a failed path, the storage subsystem determines a first port on the storage subsystem in the failed path. The storage subsystem determines from the topology storage the topological coupling relationships between the host and the switch and the switch and the storage subsystem. The storage subsystem redirects, based on the topological coupling relationships, a message sent to the first port of the storage subsystem to an operational second port in the storage subsystem.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for classifying media access control (MAC) address based on an Ethernet ring network, and the method comprises: when the Ethernet ring network is carrying out initialization, a node of the ring classifies the MAC address corresponding to a non-ring port in its own forward database (FDB) into a MAC address group, and takes its own MAC address as the index of the MAC address group. A node of the ring broadcasts a message carrying the MAC address group indexed by its own MAC address in the Ethernet ring network; the node of the ring receiving the message completes the classification of the MAC address corresponding to the ring port in its own FDB by adding the MAC address group carried by the message into its own FDB. The present invention also provides a device for classifying media access control (MAC) address based on Ethernet ring network.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmission device that addresses the issue of alleviating the occurrence of delays in delivery, or the abandonment, of transmitted data in the transmission device when transmission capacity of the transmission device declines, as well as being easy to set up and maintain. The transmission device comprises a sorting means for assigning a first signal to either a first path or a second path on the basis of assignment information for assigning the first signal; a first transmitting means for transmitting the signal from among the first signal that is allocated to the first path upon the first path; and a second transmitting means for transmitting the signal from among the first signal that is allocated to the second path upon the second path.

Abstract: A distributed switch may include a hierarchy with one or more levels of surrogate sub-switches (and surrogate bridge elements) that enable the distributed switch to scale bandwidth based on the size of the membership of a multicast group. Moreover, each surrogate may optimize the hierarchy according to one or more optimization criteria. For example, each surrogate in the hierarchy may have the necessary information to ensure that if the next surrogate in the hierarchy is unavailable, the data may be routed to a backup surrogate. The selected hierarchy may be further optimized by skipping surrogates (or a surrogate level) such that the data intended for a skipped surrogate is sent to a surrogate in a lower-level of the hierarchy. This may better utilize the connection interfaces in the transmitting sub-switches and eliminate any unnecessary surrogate-to-surrogate transfers.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a gateway device configured to be operatively coupled to a Fiber Channel switch by a first data port and a second data port. The gateway device is configured to designate the first data port as a primary data port and the second data port as a secondary data port. The gateway device is configured to associate a set of virtual ports with the first data port and not the second data port when in the first configuration. The gateway device is configured to associate the set of virtual ports with the second data port when in the second configuration. The gateway device moves from the first configuration to the second configuration when an error associated with the first data port is detected.

Abstract: One or more devices in a provider network receive a notification that a border controller (SBC) device has failed and, in response to the notification, modify a backup SBC configuration file for the failed SBC device to create a modified backup configuration file, where the modified backup configuration file replaces carrier-side Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the failed SBC device with carrier-side addresses of a failover SBC device. The devices send the modified backup configuration file to the failover SBC device to configure the failover SBC device and send a backup router configuration file for a local router associated with the failed SBC device to a local router associated with the failover SBC device, where the backup router configuration file is to configure the local router associated with the failover SBC.

Abstract: Network node modules within a vehicle are arranged to form a reconfigurable automotive neural network. Each network node module includes one or more subsystems for performing one or more operations and a local processing module for communicating with the one or more subsystems. A switch coupled between the one or more subsystems and the processing module re-routes traffic from the one or more subsystems to an external processing module upon failure of the local processing module.

Abstract: A plurality of frame buffers of a communication device store input frames for respective flows, which are units of managing communication. A sequential scheduler and an adjustment scheduler cyclically visit the plurality of frame buffers to read a frame for external output from each frame buffer. The sequential scheduler reads one frame per a visit to each frame buffer at a speed lower than a communication speed of the communication device. The adjustment scheduler reads one or more frames per a visit to each frame buffer such that a restriction on read quantity defined by a reference value greater than the shortest frame size is imposed.

Abstract: A distributed switch may include a hierarchy with one or more levels of surrogate sub-switches (and surrogate bridge elements) that enable the distributed switch to scale bandwidth based on the size of the membership of a multicast group. Moreover, each surrogate may optimize the hierarchy according to one or more optimization criteria. For example, each surrogate in the hierarchy may have the necessary information to ensure that if the next surrogate in the hierarchy is unavailable, the data may be routed to a backup surrogate. The selected hierarchy may be further optimized by skipping surrogates (or a surrogate level) such that the data intended for a skipped surrogate is sent to a surrogate in a lower-level of the hierarchy. This may better utilize the connection interfaces in the transmitting sub-switches and eliminate any unnecessary surrogate-to-surrogate transfers.

Abstract: A route determination device includes a memory to store a piece of route information of the route which is already calculated; and a processor to execute a process including: receiving a calculation request which requests route calculation; determining the route which conforms to the calculation request by performing the route calculation when the route information stored in the memory does not include the route which conforms to the calculation request; obtaining the route which conforms to the calculation request from the route information when the route information stored in the memory includes the route which conforms to the calculation request; storing the route information of the route determined by route determining processing in the memory; and sharing, with another route determination device which determines the route going through another node device among the plurality of node devices, the route information of the route determined by the route determining processing.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for managing a switch fabric. In one embodiment, a server system is provided that includes a midplane, one or more server cards, switch modules and a management controller. The midplane may include a fabric interconnect for a switch fabric. The one or more server cards and the switch modules may be operatively connected to the midplane. The switch modules may be configured to switch network traffic for the one or more server cards. The management controller may be configured to manage the switch modules via the fabric interconnect.

Abstract: A label switched path (LSP) establishing method comprising receiving a first path message from a network node outside of a topology-transparent zone (TTZ) along a path for the LSP, computing a TTZ path through the TTZ from the network component to an egress TTZ edge node along the LSP, sending a second path message to a TTZ internal node along the TTZ path, receiving a first reservation (RESV) message from the TTZ internal node that comprises a label allocated for the egress TTZ edge node, and sending a second RESV message that comprises a label allocated for the network component and the label allocated for the egress TTZ edge node to the network node.

Abstract: A communication system includes a work path and a protection path that are set between a first transfer apparatus and a second transfer apparatus, one of the work path and the protection path being selected by the first transfer apparatus and the second transfer apparatus according to a control signal that includes first information indicating whether there is a failure in one of the work path and the protection path, and a third path that is activated when the first transfer apparatus or the second transfer apparatus receives a control signal in which the first information has been changed to second information indicating that a failure had occurred in both the work path and the protection path and is selected by the first transfer apparatus and the second transfer apparatus.

Abstract: A switch unit, which is connected to one or more computers and one or more storage systems, comprises an update function for updating transfer management information (a routing table, for example). The storage system has a function for adding a virtual port to a physical port. The storage system migrates the virtual port addition destination from a first physical port to a second physical port and transmits a request of a predetermined type which includes identification information on the virtual port of the migration target to the switch unit. The transfer management information is updated by the update function of the switch unit so that the transfer destination which corresponds with the migration target virtual port is the switch port connected to the second physical port.

Abstract: An approach is provided for improving network restoration by enhancing loop free alternative coverage. A loop-free alternate (LFA) procedure is initiated for a failed link of a network including a plurality of nodes. A state of incomplete loop-free alternate coverage for the nodes is determined. A shortest path in the network exclusive of the nodes associated with the failed link is determined. Each node along the determined shortest path is set as an explicit route object to create a bypass label switched path for the network.

Abstract: A protection switching unit and a method of performing protection switching of the protection switching unit are provided. The method includes steps of detecting a fault that has occurred at a working path of a network; opening a first switch that is connected to the working path and closing a second switch that is connected to the protection path of the network; and maintaining a connection state of the first switch and the working path and a connection state of the second switch and the protection path, when a fault that has occurred at the working path is restored.

Abstract: When stored identifying information of a transmission target frame and identifying information of a received frame are equal, a node apparatus updates transmission feasibility information stored in association with the final destination of the received frame. The transmission feasibility information indicates feasibility of transmission to each of a plurality of adjacent node apparatuses being a transmission destination, and is updated so that feasibility of transmission to the transmission destination associated with the identifying information of the received frame indicates that “the transmission is infeasible”. The node apparatus transmits the received frame, when there is no adjacent apparatus to which transmission is feasible, and when the stored identifying information of the transmission target frame is equal to the identifying information of the received frame, to the adjacent node apparatus recognized as the origin in association with the identifying information of the received frame.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a network node for service instance management in telecommunications network. According to the method a plurality of network paths are monitored. A number of network paths form a protection group associated with a service instance or group of service instances. The monitoring of the network paths includes periodic transmission of CCMs on the network paths. To facilitate detection of mismatches related to protection switching, some CCMs include a mismatch information element that specifies traffic status of a working network path and of a protection network path for a set of protection groups. The set of protections groups includes the protection groups which the monitored network path is a member of. A CCM that includes the mismatch information element also includes an indication bit that indicates presence of the mismatch information element in the CCM.

Abstract: A structure and a first panel are operably disposed with respect to the structure. A first plurality of nodes is disposed within the first panel, including a first plurality of power distribution network nodes in a first power distribution network, and wherein the first plurality of nodes further comprises a first group of nodes. A second panel is operably disposed with respect to the structure. A second plurality of nodes is disposed within the second panel, including a second plurality of power distribution network nodes in a second power distribution network isolated from the first power distribution network. The second plurality of nodes further comprises a second group of nodes. A bus guardian, separate from the two panels, electrically connects the first panel and the second panel. The bus guardian is configured to network the first group of nodes and the second group of nodes in a network.

Abstract: An external signal is received by the first wireless transmission device of one wireless transmission device group, and then is divided. One divided signal is transmitted to the first wireless transmission device of the other wireless transmission device group opposite to the one wireless transmission device group, and the other divided signal is transmitted to the second wireless transmission device of the one wireless transmission device group. In the same manner, in the second, third, . . . , wireless transmission devices of the one wireless transmission device group, an input signal is divided into two signals, and the divided signals are each transmitted to the opposing wireless transmission device of the other wireless transmission device group and to the adjacent wireless transmission device of the one wireless transmission device group.

Abstract: Technique for controlling data forwarding in a computer network are provided. The network comprises a set of nodes for forwarding data, wherein a first node is associated with a primary tree and a backup tree, wherein the primary tree defines a default path for the first node to forward data to a second node and the backup tree defines another path for the data forwarding in case of a failure of the primary tree. The basic principle of the techniques is to notify the first node of a failure of the primary tree wherein the notification is provided by the second node. The techniques are particularly beneficial for computer networks offering multipoint services, such as SPB-controlled networks, because the techniques ensure the congruency of the forward and reverse paths even when the data forwarding has been switched from the primary tree to the backup tree.

Abstract: A data communication apparatus forms a mesh network together with at least one gateway includes a frame generating unit and a frame transferring unit. The frame generating unit generates a meter data frame to transmit to a gateway. The meter data frame is a frame including meter data. The frame transferring unit transfers the meter data frame received from another data communication apparatus. The meter data frame is addressed to the gateway. The frame generating unit transmits the meter data frame to which number of alternate routing that indicates number of allowable transmission attempts from a data communication apparatus adjacent to a destination gateway of the meter data frame to the gateway is added. The frame transferring unit changes the number of alternate routing added thereto to a value smaller by 1 than a value that has been set and transits the meter data frame to another data communication apparatus.

Abstract: Mechanisms are provided to improve efficiency of systems operating on internet protocol (IP) over Infiniband (IB) networks. One mechanism includes multicasting a first ARP request from a source node, the first ARP request including an IP address of a source port of the source node, and performing load-balancing of host traffic across a plurality of ports of a plurality of nodes by sending a reply from a destination node corresponding to the IP address included in the first ARP request, the reply being sent over the source port to the source node.

Abstract: A method may include: (i) provisioning a first network-side interface of a first plug-in unit and a second network-side interface of a second plug-in unit as members of a network-side protection group, the first plug-in unit and the second plug-in unit integral to an adaptation layer network element; (ii) provisioning a first client-side interface of the first plug-in unit and a second client-side interface of the second plug-in unit as members of a client-side protection group; (iii) designating one of the first and second network-side interface as an active network-side interface of the network-side protection group; and (iv) designating one of the first second client-side interface as an active client-side interface of the client-side protection group, such that traffic ingressing on the active network-side interface may egress on the active client-side interface and traffic ingressing on the active client-side interface may egress on the active network-side interface.

Abstract: With respect to a routing and a gateway (protocol conversion) in a network system, frame data can simply be generated even if a source node does not understand format specifications of all protocols, communication efficiency degradation caused by an enlargement of header information can be prevented as much as possible, and dealing with a new protocol can be simplified. A source node (data transmission device) transmits “common routing information”, which includes route information identifying all the nodes through which a message frame is routed from an own node to a destination node, while adding the common routing information on the message frame. Each relay node (data relay device) sequentially transfers the message frame while referring to the common routing information to perform identification of a destination, generation of a header, and update of the common routing information.

Abstract: A power supply controller includes a first port, a second port, and a controller. The first port is connected to a power supply device. The second port is connected to a first relay node device via a wired path. The controller performs control to supply power received from the power supply device from the second port to the first relay node device. The controller performs control to generate a power-on instruction frame for instructing the first relay node device started by receiving power supply to start power supply from a port included in the first relay node device to a second relay node device connected to the first relay node device via a wired path. The controller performs control to transmit the generated power-on instruction frame from the second port.

Abstract: Embodiments provide systems, methods, and computer program products for inferring the switch port connectivity of discovered but unmanaged devices in a network without direct access to the devices. Embodiments operate by generating a physical address-to-port map based on collected operational data and then pruning the generated map based on switch port connectivity information and/or inferred link connectivity information. The switch port connectivity of discovered unmanaged devices is then generated or updated based on the pruned map. The switch port connectivity information can be used by various other tools to enable diagramming, asset inventory, and network planning, design, and optimization workflows.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally pertains to systems and methods for protecting bonding engines in network communications. In one exemplary embodiment, physical communication links, such as subscriber lines, of a bonding group are terminated by a plurality of access modules such that at least some of the communication links remain operational in the event of a failure of one of the access modules. Further, a backup bonding engine is used to protect the group's bonding engine. In the event of a failure or other operational problem associated with the group's bonding engine, the backup bonding engine is used to fragment incoming messages and to send the fragments to the operational subscriber lines. Thus, the bonding group can survive an operational failure of the group's bonding engine.

Abstract: A method comprising receiving a request from a network component to find a backup ingress node for an ingress node of a point-to-multipoint (P2MP) label switched path (LSP), determining a plurality of candidate backup ingress nodes that satisfy a plurality of constraints, including being an edge node in the ingress node's domain and having a direct link to the ingress node, a path to each next hop node of the ingress node of the P2MP LSP, and a path from a source node that communicates with the ingress node, wherein the determination is in response to receiving the request, selecting the backup ingress node from the candidate backup ingress nodes that has a minimum cost of paths from the source node to the next hop nodes via the backup ingress node; and sending a reply to the network component that indicates the selected backup ingress node.

Abstract: A network switch including a plurality of stack units sequentially linked to each other. Each stack unit includes a port, a forwarding engine, a first interface, and a second interface. The second interface of each stack unit is linked to the first interface of a subsequent stack unit. The second interface of a last stack unit is linked to the first interface of a first stack unit. In response to a packet traveling in a first direction from the first stack unit to the last stack unit and a link between a second stack unit and a third stack unit being inoperative, the forwarding engine of the second stack unit returns the packet in a second direction to a preceding stack unit. The packet travels in the second direction from the preceding stack unit to the first stack unit, to the last stack unit, and to the third stack unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of managing congestion in a multi-path network, the network having a plurality of network elements arranged in a plurality of switch stages and a plurality of network links interconnecting the network elements, the method comprising the steps of detecting congestion on a network link, the congested network link interconnecting the output port of a first network element with a first input port of a second network element in a subsequent switch stage; identifying an uncongested network link connected to a second input port of said second network element; and directing future data packets on a route across the multi-path network which includes the identified uncongested network link. Also provided is a multi-path network and an Ethernet bridge or router incorporating such a multi-path network.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for managing a backup service gateway (SGW) associated with a primary SGW, the backup SGW periodically receiving from the primary SGW at least a portion of corresponding UE session state information and in response to a failure of the primary SGW, assuming management of IP addresses and paths associated with the primary SGW, and in response to receiving control or data plane traffic associated with a UE, generating a Downlink Data Notification (DDN) message adapted to inform an MME that the UE is in a live state.

Abstract: An application, peer and method for determining a faulty peer in a structured Peer-to-Peer overlay network. The overlay network includes plural peers besides the faulty peer. The method includes determining that a message sent from a given peer to a target peer along a first path did not reach the target peer; determining an intermediate peer at which the message had arrived; using a second path to send the message from the given peer to the target peer; determining that the message had arrived at the target peer on the second path; adjusting a node identifier (nodeID) of at least one of the target peer and the intermediate peer to obtain a new target peer or a new intermediate peer; and reusing the first and second paths to send the message to the new target peer or the new intermediate peer until the faulty peer is detected.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for tracking and checking measures and computer programs thereof. A master node receiving from a plurality of slaves nodes messages related with measures generated by the slaves nodes, the method including: capturing, a traffic driver unit, the messages sent by the slaves nodes and further sending them to a monitor unit; analyzing, the monitor unit, the received messages so as to detect, by a behavioral learning technique, anomalies in the messages; when an anomaly is detected, sending, the monitor unit, the detected anomaly to a regenerator unit for regenerating at least the detected anomaly by a prediction technique; and injecting, said traffic drive unit, measures regenerated by the regenerator unit to the transport network.

Abstract: A method is described of constructing a transition route in a data communication network having as components nodes and links. Upon receipt of a transition notification identifying a first component a non-neighboring node constructs a transition route around the first component. In an embodiment, a node performs detecting the first component transition; issuing a transition notification identifying the first component and recognizable by nodes configured to construct a transition route around the first component; and upon expiry of a notification transition period, issuing a transition advertisement recognizable by all nodes on the network.

Abstract: A method is described to enable carrying out a fast reroute protection technique which provides both link and node protection without traffic duplication, without the need to distinguish between link and node failures, and without replicating traffic. The technique covers concurrent Working and backup logical path failures, and in particular LSP logical paths. The method is adapted to provide a “Dual Failure Protection” (DFP), and is expandable to various multi-failure scenarios.

Abstract: A first path for forwarding an I/O request from a host device to a disk in a disk array is identified. The first path includes two endpoints (a first initiator endpoint on the host device and a first target endpoint on the disk array) separated by a storage area network. In response to an indication that the first path is non-functional, a second path to the disk for the I/O request is identified as an alternative to the first path. The second path includes a second initiator endpoint and a second target endpoint and is identified by selecting a path from among those paths that have at least one endpoint that is different from the two endpoints of the first path.

Abstract: A method for application broadcast forwarding for routers running redundancy protocols in a network is provided. The network includes a first router running at least one program instance of a redundancy protocol at one interface, and a second router running at least one program instance of the redundancy protocol at one interface. A relay agent is enabled on both the first and second routers. The method includes, for each router, determining at least one preference ID for the router, determining a broadcast ID of each incoming broadcast packet, matching the broadcast ID of the incoming broadcast packet with the at least one preference ID of the router, and relaying the incoming broadcast packet from a first network domain to a second network domain if the broadcast ID of the incoming broadcast packet matches one preference ID of the router.

Abstract: Techniques for controlling synchronous HARQ retransmissions are disclosed, in which non-adaptive retransmissions scheduled for a first transmission time interval are automatically deferred to a later transmission time interval in the event that a control message prohibiting the retransmission during the first transmission interval is received. In an exemplary method, a NACK message is received in response to a previous data transmission corresponding to a stop-and-wait HARQ process, and a synchronous HARQ retransmission is scheduled for a first transmission interval in response. A control message indicating that data for the stop-and-wait HARQ process may not be sent during the first transmission interval is received, and the synchronous HARQ retransmission is automatically deferred to a second transmission interval, responsive to the control message. An explicit grant is not required to trigger the retransmission during the second transmission interval.

Abstract: A network apparatus including a central processing unit, first physical layer devices, a second physical layer device, and a network switch. The network switch includes first ports communicating with the first physical layer devices; a second port communicating with the second physical layer device; and third and fourth ports communicating with the central processing unit over first and second media independent interfaces, respectively. The network switch includes a switch core module configured to route data packets between connected ports, including the first and third ports. The network switch includes a bypass switch configured to (i) in response to a first mode being selected, directly connect the second port and the fourth port, bypassing the switch core module, and (ii) in response to a second mode being selected, disconnect the second port from the fourth port and connect the second and fourth ports to the switch core module.

Abstract: A method for managing a topology of a multi-ring Ethernet and a system thereof are disclosed, and the method includes: a node including a blocked port on the multi-ring Ethernet periodically sending a Topology Find Frame (TF) message along a transmission control channel through an own good port; a node receiving said TF message in the multi-ring Ethernet updating an own topology database according the NODE_LIST in said TF message, writing an own NODE_ID into the NODE_LIST of said TF message, and then forwarding said TF message along the transmission control channel.

Abstract: When stored identifying information of a transmission target frame and identifying information of a received frame are equal, a node apparatus updates transmission feasibility information stored in association with the final destination of the received frame. The transmission feasibility information indicates feasibility of transmission to each of a plurality of adjacent node apparatuses being a transmission destination, and is updated so that feasibility of transmission to the transmission destination associated with the identifying information of the received frame indicates that “the transmission is infeasible”. The node apparatus transmits the received frame, when there is no adjacent apparatus to which transmission is feasible, and when the stored identifying information of the transmission target frame is equal to the identifying information of the received frame, to the adjacent node apparatus recognized as the origin in association with the identifying information of the received frame.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for rapidly resuming, at times of failures, network traffic in a connection-oriented network by using an alternative route pre-computed and stored locally in nodes along an initial route without requiring signaling of upstream nodes or a master server.

Abstract: A method is disclosed that enables an improved technique for recovering from an error scenario encountered during a call setup involving a malfunctioning media gateway and corresponding media gateway controller. The media gateway first detects a malfunction that affects a digital signal processing resource, and then proactively selects a processing resource available elsewhere at the gateway. The media gateway selects the new processing resource based on criteria including: i) the capabilities that were identified to handle the packet stream at the affected (faulty) processor; ii) the capabilities of the IP terminal originating the packet stream that is being moved; and iii) the Internet Protocol address of the affected processing resource. Advantageously, an effort is made to avoid having to inform the media gateway controller of the move, thereby minimizing any discontinuity in each packet stream and minimizing the time and processing that are required to establish the call.

Abstract: The present invention, provides an Ethernet transmission apparatus comprising a first and second MEPs provided for each of transmission lines of operational and non-operational systems and for performing the transmission/reception of a frame to be transmitted over each transmission line in a duplexed manner, and a switching processing part for switching the MEP to be used for reception by using ETH-CC which is transmitted at regular intervals, in which the above described first and second MEPs are configured to be able to confirm each other's received content and are adapted to add a continuous sequence number to the ETH-CC when transmitting the ETH-CC, and when the sequence number of the received ETH-CC is smaller than the sequence number of the ETH-CC received by the operational system side, the MEP of the non-operational system side is adapted not to transmit the frame.

Abstract: A method for determining a restoration path for a new service in a mesh network involves selecting between candidate restoration paths corresponding to a primary path for the new service based on the shared-risk link groups (SRLGs) associated with links in the primary path. The method includes, for each of a plurality of candidate restoration paths associated with the primary path, (1) determining whether the primary path requires any additional restoration bandwidth to be reserved on any link of the restoration path based on whether, for each link of the restoration path, the primary path is SRLG-disjoint from each other primary path that is protected by that link, (2) generating a path cost for the restoration path, where the path cost is a function of whether any additional restoration bandwidth is required; and (3) selecting the restoration path for the new service based on the path cost.