Abstract: According to one embodiment, a system includes control apparatus and server. Control apparatus includes collector, transmitter, receiver and main controller. Collector collects sensing data concerning control targets in social infrastructure. Transmitter transmits collected sensing data to server. Receiver receives control instruction from server. Main controller controls control targets based on control instruction. Server includes acquisition unit, database, generator and instructor. Acquisition unit acquires sensing data from control apparatus. Database stores sensing data. Generator generates control instruction by processing sensing data. Instructor transmits generated control instruction to control apparatus.

Abstract: An optical network including a plurality of gateway nodes interconnected with a plurality of intermediate nodes with segments of fiber. The network includes a plurality of devices, such as reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexers, optimally placed at various nodes throughout the network. The device placement is optimized with an integer linear programming analysis considering span definition such that any given span involves some number of segments not exceeding a number of segments that would require wavelength regeneration, cost of placement of a device at a given node, cost of wavelength regeneration, and various parameters and constraints.

Abstract: Systems and methods for maintaining a current map of a workspace using on-demand sensors and fixed sensors are described herein. For example, a system may include a fixed sensor positioned within the workspace, an on-demand sensor available for selective deployment in the workspace, and a computing device. The computing device may maintain a digital map of the workspace, identify a region in the workspace for collection of additional sensor information, and cause the on-demand sensor to gather the additional sensor information for updating the digital map.

Abstract: In one of its aspects the technology disclosed herein concerns a communications system comprising an access node (22) and a wireless terminal (26). A wireless terminal comprises receiver circuitry and processor circuitry. The receiver circuitry receives wireless communications over an air interface from a radio access network. The processor circuitry changes from using a first periodicity to using a second periodicity to detect a synchronization signal included in the received wireless communications.

Abstract: A system and method of condition based maintenance of a fiber network includes a processor and memory having instructions that when executed cause the system to transmit an optical signal over a plurality of fiber links in the fiber network; receive a response signal in response to the transmitting of the optical signal; and determine one or more condition indicators in response to the receiving of the response signal.

Abstract: Techniques are described for separating control plane functions in a network device using virtual machines. The techniques include initializing multiple virtual machine instances in a control unit of a standalone router, and running different control processes for the router in each of the virtual machines. For example, in a root system domain (RSD)-protected system domain (PSD) system, a control unit of the standalone router may support a RSD virtual machine (VM) and one or more PSD VMs configured to form logical devices and execute logically separate control processes without requiring physically separate, hardware-independent routing engines to form the PSDs. Each of the RSD VM and PSD VMs includes a separate kernel, an operating system, and control processes for the logical device. When a software failure occurs in the PSD VM, the PSD VM may perform a software failover without affecting the operation of the RSD VM.

Abstract: A network device receives multicast packets that include information identifying destinations in the network, identifies next hops associated with the destinations, and populates a cache with the destinations and addresses of the identified next hops. The network device receives a particular multicast packet that includes information identifying particular destinations included in the cache, identifies one or more next hops for the particular destinations from the cache, and forwards the particular multicast packet to the identified one or more next hops to permit the identified one or more next hops to forward the multicast packet toward the particular destinations.

Abstract: Gateway device (100), adapted to couple a first network with a second network, comprising: a first network interface device (102) coupled by a first interface to a first network and having a second interface; a second network interface device (104) coupled by a first interface with the second network and having a second interface; a network coupling device (103) adapted to transmit in a first status no data from the second interface of the second network interface device (104) to the second interface of the first network interface device (102) on the physical layer and adapted to transmit in a second status data from the second interface of the first network interface device (102) to the second interface of the second network interface device (104); wherein said network coupling device (103) includes a switching device (126, 128) coupled to a conductor (130, 134) coupling the second interface of the first network interface device (102) and second network interface device (104); wherein the switching device (1

Abstract: This application provides a method for deciding on handling a failure of a stacking system, where the method includes: collecting values of a decision parameter for respective groups after the stacking system is divided; and applying a preset reserve strategy according to the values of the decision parameter for the respective groups to decide on one of the groups to be reserved.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for segment routing (SR) over label distribution protocol (LDP). In one embodiment, the method includes a node receiving a packet with an attached segment ID. In response, the node may attach a label to the packet. Thereafter, the node may forward the packet with the attached label and segment ID to another node via a label switched path (LSP).

Abstract: Various systems and methods for using strict path forwarding. For example, one method involves receiving an advertisement at a node. The advertisement includes a segment identifier (SID). In response to receiving the advertisement, the node determines whether the SID is a strict SID or not. If the SID is a strict SID, the node generates information, such as forwarding information, that indicates how to forward packets along a strict shortest path corresponding to the strict SID.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a data transmission method, an apparatus and a terminal. The method includes: establishing a plurality of physical connections between a first network element and a second network element; establishing a plurality of virtual connections on each of the physical connections; selecting a first virtual connection from the plurality of virtual connections based on a pre-determined rule; and executing a data transmission process on the selected first virtual connection. By using the present disclosure, the issues of poor transmission quality and waste of resources when using a TCP connection in the relevant art to perform data transmission may be solved, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of data.

Abstract: Technologies for increasing the bandwidth of partitioned hierarchical networks is disclosed. If each partition of network groups of a computer network are isolated, then the connections between the network groups of different partitions may go unused. However, careful selection of the network connections between partitions of different network groups may allow for a pseudo-direct connection between two network groups of the same partition using a single non-blocking switch in a network group of a different partition. Such a configuration can increase the effective bandwidth available within a partition without affecting the bandwidth available in another partition.

Abstract: A method and system is implemented in a network node that functions as a controller for a domain in a split architecture network. The domain comprises a plurality of flow switches, where the plurality of flow switches implement a data plane for the split architecture network and the controller implements a control plane for the split architecture network that is remote from the data plane. The method and system configure the plurality of flow switches to efficiently handle each type of broadcast packet in the domain of the split architecture network without flooding the domain with the broadcast packets to thereby reduce a number of broadcast packets forwarded within the domain.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention may include a method, computer program product and computer system for a cable removal system. The embodiment may include a computing device that determines whether a user is contacting a network cable. The network cable is physical connection between a first device and a second device. The first device includes at least one network port. The embodiment may include a computing device determining whether an information transmission across the network cable can be rerouted based on determining that the user is contacting the network cable. The embodiment may include a computing device rerouting information transmission based on determining that the information transmission across the network cable can be rerouted. The embodiment may include a computing device alerting the user that there is no information transmission across the network cable based on rerouting the information transmission.

Abstract: Techniques are described for specifying and constructing multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) rings. Routers may signal membership within MPLS rings and automatically establish ring-based label switch paths (LSPs) as components of the MPLS rings for packet transport within ring networks. In one example, a router includes a processor configured to output Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) messages, as described herein, to establish an MPLS ring having a plurality of ring LSPs. Each of the ring LSPs is configured to transport MPLS packets around the ring network to a different one of the routers operating as an egress router for the respective ring LSP. Moreover, each of the ring LSPs comprises two counter-rotating multipoint-to-point (MP2P) LSPs for which any of the routers can operate as an ingress to source packet traffic into the ring LSP for transport to the respective egress router for the ring LSP.

Abstract: A method, communications processing device, and computer readable medium for MPLS segment routing are disclosed. One embodiment of the method comprises generating a first link-state packet comprising a first data structure. The first data structure maps a first portcode to a link connecting the first router within the network or to an additional router reachable from the first router. The method embodiment further includes receiving an incoming data packet encapsulated with a header comprising an incoming portcode stack having the first portcode as its uppermost portcode. The method embodiment further includes removing the first portcode from the incoming portcode stack to create an outgoing portcode stack for an outgoing data packet, and forwarding the outgoing data packet via a port, of the first router, identified by the first portcode.

Abstract: A first request is received from a device over a network. It is determined that the first request should be redirected, based at least in part on information included in the first request. A redirect message is sent to the device over the network. A second request is received that includes the address and the port number. Responsive to determining that the port number is on the predetermined list of port numbers, modifying the second request by removing the port number. The modified second request is sent to the address.

Abstract: Disclosed is a router (and method) for virtualizing a control plane of the router without redundancy. The router can include a processor, a data plane, a control plane, and a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to request, a cloud service to instantiate a virtual instance of the control plane, receive a confirmation of instantiation of the virtual instance, transfer to the virtual instance of the control plane, an active state of the control plane, perform offline services (e.g., configuration change, operating system update, or firmware upgrade, etc.) and in response to completion of the offline services, receive the active state.

Abstract: Communications methods, apparatus and systems for detecting a status condition indicative of a failure of a media processing entity and providing media redirection to increase media resource function availability. One embodiment of the present invention is a method that includes directing, by a first Session Border Controller (SBC), a first media call flow of a first call through a first media content processing entity to a second SBC, detecting, at one of said first or second SBCs, a status condition indicative of a failure condition for the first media content processing entity, and redirecting, by the SBC that detects the status condition indicative of a failure condition, the first media call flow for the first call so that the first media call flow passes through a second media content processing entity instead of through the first media content processing entity without terminating the first call.

Abstract: An industrial machine that includes a plurality of components, an identification tag reader, an actuator, and a controller. The plurality of components is installed in the industrial machine and each of the plurality of components includes an identification tag. The identification tag reader is receives a signal from each of the plurality of identification tags, and each signal received from the plurality of identification tags is specific to a respective one of the plurality of components. The controller identifies the plurality of components that is installed in the industrial machine based on the signals from each of the plurality of identification tags, compares the identified plurality of components to a predetermined list of components that are expected to be installed in the industrial machine, and modifies an operational setting of an operating parameter when the identified plurality of components does not match the predetermined list of components.

Abstract: A method for interworking between a first protocol entity adapted to operate in accordance with a stream reservation protocol for reserving resources for a data stream along a stream path of the data stream and a second protocol entity adapted to operate in accordance with a routing protocol for distributing information in a communication network is described. The method comprises sending, from the first protocol entity to the second protocol entity, a request for stream path information indicating, for a data stream to be sent, a stream path in the communication network. The method also comprises determining, by the second protocol entity, the stream path information for the stream path based on the request, sending, from the second protocol entity to the first protocol entity, the determined stream path information, and initiating, by the first protocol entity, a resource reservation procedure for reserving resources in response to receiving the stream path information.

Abstract: A method of maintaining a desired level of an aerosolized compound within a space to be treated with the compound, the method including providing a diffusion device with the compound in liquid form and a control system for operating the device. The control system includes a sensor in fluid communication with the air within the space to be treated configured to sense the concentration of the compound aerosolized within the space. The diffusion device is operated to diffuse the compound into the space. The concentration of the compound within the space to be treated is sensed with the sensor and operation of the diffusion device is altered based on the concentration of the compound sensed to achieve a desired concentration of compound within the space. The sensing and operation altering steps are repeated periodically to maintain the desired concentration of the compound within the space.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for segment routing using a remote forwarding adjacency identifier. In one embodiment, a first node in a network receives a packet, wherein the packet is received with a first segment-ID and another segment ID attached thereto. The first node detaches the first and the other segment IDs from the packet. Then the first node attaches a first label to the packet. Eventually, the first node forwards the packet with the attached first label directly to a second node in the network. In one embodiment, the other segment ID corresponds to a forwarding adjacency or tunnel label switched path between the first node and another node.

Abstract: A physical host executes a virtual machine monitor (VMM) that instantiates a source virtual machine (VM). In response to the VMM receiving from the source VM a packet specifying a first destination address of a destination VM and a second destination address of a default gateway, the VMM determines whether the packet can be communicated to the destination VM without the packet being routed by the default gateway. In response to the VMM determining that the packet can be communicated to the destination VM without the packet being routed by the default gateway, the VMM forwards the packet to the destination VM such that the packet bypasses routing by the default gateway.

Abstract: A method, network device, and computer readable medium are disclosed. In one embodiment of the method, a data packet is received at a node within a first segment routing enabled access network. The first access network is connected, via a first area edge node, to a first area of a subdivided segment routing enabled network, and a specified destination for the data packet is reachable via a second segment routing enabled access network connected to the subdivided network. The method embodiment further includes receiving from a centralized controller a remote segment identifier stack, where the remote segment identifier stack encodes a path extending from the first area edge node to the second access network. The embodiment of the method continues with encapsulating the data packet with a full segment identifier stack comprising the remote segment identifier stack, and forwarding the encapsulated data packet toward the first area edge node.

Abstract: Systems and methods for simulating a user's behavior in an interactive computer system are provided. For example, a computer program product includes a simulator configured to simulate a user interacting with a computer program. The simulator includes a learning mode of operation and a simulation mode of operation. During the learning mode, for example, the simulator is configured to monitor the user's interaction with the computer program for one or more events and analyze one or more current circumstances during the occurrence of the one or more events, and further, to record at least one user input in response to the occurrence of at least one event, store the at least one user inputs in at least one data field, and associate the at least one data field with the at least one events and the at least one current circumstances.

Abstract: A network device in a network is provided that is configured to implement a process for modifying a timestamp in a packet that is a timing protocol packet. The timing protocol packet is encapsulated by a user data protocol (UDP) datagram, where the modified timestamp is written into the packet, but does not require a checksum of the UDP datagram to be changed. The process includes receiving a packet including a first timestamp over the network, receiving the first timestamp from the packet and a second timestamp to be written to the packet, and determining a third timestamp that is a modification of the second timestamp to be written to the packet, the third timestamp having least significant bits modified from the second timestamp such that the checksum of the UDP datagram is unchanged. The process writes the third timestamp into the packet and transmits the UDP datagram to the network.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for receiving local data via a vehicle sensing module of a vehicle control system, receiving remote data via a cloud interface unit of the vehicle control system from a cloud server, and processing the local data and the remote data via a processing unit of the vehicle control system. Based on the processing of the local data and the remote data, at least one vehicle feature is controlled. The local data and the remote data are associated with processing priority levels. The processing unit varies a frequency of processing based on the processing priority levels. Further provided is a cloud server for transmitting remote data to a crowd of vehicles. The cloud server comprises a first module configured to allocate vehicles to a plurality of groups based at least on location data received from the vehicles. A second module of the cloud server is configured to determine different remote data for each group.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting an invalid packet on a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus having a plurality of CAN nodes coupled thereto is provided. The method may include monitoring a CAN identifier (CAN ID) of each packet sent by each CAN node. The method may also include determining whether to detect the validity using a time threshold, historical data, or an acknowledgement (ACK) bit. For example, when the CAN ID is unknown, the method may include the use of validity detection process based upon the ACK Slot bit. Accordingly, the method may include detecting the validity of each packet using the selected method determined. In addition, the method may include storing the detected validity in a database having a listing for valid packets (white list) and a listing for invalid packets (black list). Moreover, the method may include disabling the invalid packets.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sending a delivery notification of a network application-related product are provided. The method includes: selecting a delivery executing server in advance from multiple delivery servers of an application; acquiring quality of service information of the delivery executing server of the application; judging, according to a predefined judging rule, whether the quality of service information meets a requirement; and if the requirement is met, retaining the delivery executing server unchanged; otherwise, setting another delivery server of the application as a delivery executing server; and sending a delivery notification to a current delivery executing server of the application upon detecting the delivery notification of the application to be sent.

Abstract: A system and method for controlled collaboration among a plurality of users, each at one of a plurality of computing appliances having a display apparatus and an input apparatus. An initial video presentation is displayed on at least two of the display apparatus. At least a part of the initial presentation is captured and stored and used to provide a presentation of a background image. Each of at least two users provide via the input apparatus a User Input having an associated presentation relative to the background image presentation, said User Input being stored as associated with the computing appliance/user providing the input. Data for the User Input is stored in a non-transient memory as associatively mapped to the user/computing appliance providing the User Input.

Abstract: A node failure recovery tool includes an interface and one or more processors. The interface is configured to receive a first portion and a second portion of state information from a first node. The one or more processors are configured to determine a time that the first portion of state information was received and store the first portion of state information and the time that the first portion of state information was received. The one or more processors are further configured to determine a time that the second portion of state information was received and start a timer, determine that the timer has expired and that the third portion of state information has not been received, and after determining that the first node has crashed, send a retrieved second portion of state information to the first node so that the first node can recover from the crash.

Abstract: A tree recovery method for a software-defined network (SDN) adapted to an SDN controller is provided. The tree recovery method includes: establishing topology information based on a current SDN topology and storing the topology information in a storage of the SDN controller; receiving a failure message reporting a failure link of the SDN, a plurality of network nodes of the topology information are classified into at least one losing nodes and at least one remaining node according to the failure link; and calculating and linking the at least one losing node to the at least one remaining node by using the topology information stored in the storage.

Abstract: A method includes selectively controlling, at a computing device having a memory, initiation of a full garbage collection operation based on a total resource usage metric and a managed object metric. The managed object metric is based on objects managed by a runtime application.

Abstract: Systems and methods for building a hyper-scale monitoring fabric are described. The system receives a duplicate of a first portion of traffic information from a production network as first traffic information and communicates the first traffic information in the hyper-scale monitoring fabric. The first traffic information is communicated to a controller computer that configures the hyper-scale monitoring fabric. The system receives a duplicate of a second portion of the traffic information from the production network as second traffic information. The system forwards the second traffic information to a tool farm.

Abstract: A repeater receiving an original frame from a connected Electronic Control Unit (ECU) by a normal port divides data stored in a data area of the received frame, and each of a plurality of divided data pieces is stored in the data area in each of a plurality of division frames to be sent out to a destination. Each of the plurality of division frames of the original frame is distributed to one of two ring ports according to a determination of the repeater, and each of the division frames is sent out therefrom to the destination. In such manner, the frame transmission time required for a transmission of the frame is reduced.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a data packet at a routing engine of a node of a network. A route is selected, from a forwarding table of the node, for sending the data packet from the node to a destination of the data packet. The forwarding table includes route characteristics, including route costs, related to two or more routes from the node to the destination. The selected route is analyzed, by a hardware computing device, to determine whether the selected route is suitable to convey the data packet based on real-time traffic information. The data packet is returned to the routing engine if the selected route is determined unsuitable to convey the data packet. An alternate route is selected, from the forwarding table, for the data packet in place of the previous selected route if the previous selected route is unsuitable to convey the data packet.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for using segment routing (SR) in native IP networks. The method involves receiving a packet. The packet is an IP packet and includes an IP header. The method also involves updating the packet. Updating the packet involves writing information, including a segment routing segment identifier, to the destination address of the packet.

Abstract: A computing system may comprise a plurality of processing devices. In one example, a processing device may comprise a top level router, a device controller and a plurality of processing engines grouped in a plurality of clusters. The top level router may comprise a plurality of high speed communication interfaces to couple the processing device with other processing devices. The device controller may comprise a device controller memory space. Each cluster may have a cluster memory. Each processing engine may comprise an engine memory. The device controller memory space, the cluster memory of all clusters and the engine memory of all processing engines of all processing devices may form a uniform address space for the computing system, which may be addressed using a packet that contains a single destination address in a header of the packet.

Abstract: A direction-switchable transponder of a high speed communications network, e.g., an fiber optic data communications network, is capable of dynamically reversing the data traffic flow of its various communications channels in response to a signal. The signal can specify a number of channels, a channel map, or a required bandwidth. The direction-switchable transponder can receive a signal relating to network bandwidth requirements; select, based on the received signal, one or more fiber optic channels for reversing direction of flow of network traffic; and dynamically and automatically reconfigure the selected fiber optic signal to reverse direction of flow of network traffic. By responding to asymmetric bandwidth requirements, the direction-switchable transponder uses high speed communications network lines more efficiently.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a multi-link aggregation method, including: establishing, by a first device, a transparent transmission channel with a second device, where the transparent transmission channel spans multiple links connected to the first device and the second device; performing, by the first device, network address translation on a first target packet to obtain a second target packet; and transmitting, by the first device, the second target packet to the second device through the transparent transmission channel, so that the second device performs network address translation on the second target packet to obtain a third target packet, and the second device sends the third target packet to a target device identified by destination address information of the first target packet.

Abstract: A fast reroute (FRR) implementation utilizes an optimized FRR table to implement a fast switchover to a backup link upon detecting a primary link failure on a label switched path (LSP). The switchover can be performed in a negligible amount of time (close to zero milliseconds) based on a backup indicator flag which can be dynamically updated. The FRR table stores pre-determined backup egress interfaces and FRR labels corresponding to primary egress interfaces to minimize the switchover time.

Abstract: In an approach for audio based event analytics, a processor receives a recording of audio from an event. A processor collects information about the event and a list of participants. A processor segments the recording into, at least, a plurality of utterances. A processor analyzes the segmented recording. A processor summarizes the recording based on the segmentation and the analysis. A processor generates insights about interactions patterns of the event based on the segmentation and the analysis.

Abstract: Provided is a packet transmission apparatus including at least one user network interface (UNI) line card configured to receive traffic including a client signal, a fabric switch configured to perform switching on the traffic based on a unit of line card, a network-to-network interface working (NNI-W) line card configured to generate a multiprotocol label switching-transport profile (MPLS-TP) working tunnel to transmit the traffic transferred through the fabric switch, and a network-to-network interface protection (NNI-P) line card configured to generate a MPLS-TP protection tunnel to transmit the traffic transferred through the fabric switch when a fault occurs on a path of the NNI-W line card.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments configured to detect a quorum of peers in a peer to peer network. In one embodiment, a first peer receives a message originating in a second peer, where the message includes a peer identifier. The peer identifier is stored in quorum detection data in response to determining that the peer identifier is not already present in the quorum detection data. A quorum of the peers is detected based at least in part on the quorum detection data.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to provide redundancy in a process control system are disclosed. An example method includes receiving, at a first network host, first integrity messages transmitted from a second network host over a first network. The method includes detecting a network failure over a first communication path between a first network interface of the first network host and a second network interface of the second network host via first network when a first network interface of the first network host fails to receive one of the first integrity messages expected from a first network interface of the second network host. The method includes automatically establishing a second communication path between the first network host and the second network host in response to the detected network failure.

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER). For example, one method involves receiving a packet at a node. The packet includes a bit string includes information identifying a plurality of destinations. The node selects an entry in a bit indexed forwarding table (BIFT). The BIFT includes both a primary path entry and a backup path entry. The node forwards the packet based on information in the entry.

Abstract: A method for authorizing a smart-home device for enrollment with a demand-response program may include receiving, at a control server of an energy management system and for the smart-home device, identifying information for a user account. The method may also include sending the identifying information from the control server to an Application Program Interface (API) with an enrollment request. The method may additionally include receiving, at the control server, a determination from the API as to whether the identifying information for the user account was matched to an existing utility account. The method may further include based on the determination from the API, determining whether the smart-home device can be enrolled with the demand-response program.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus may include (1) a database that maintains a pruned multicast distribution tree and (2) a processing unit having access to the database, wherein the processing unit (A) receives at least one type 3 Ethernet Segment Identifier (ESI) message from at least one other bridge domain on at least one other computing device, (B) determines, based at least in part on the type 3 ESI message, whether the other bridge domain on the other computing device has a root access concentrator, and then (C) populates, in response to determining whether the other bridge domain has a root access concentrator, the pruned multicast distribution tree to account for the other bridge domain such that the bridge domain on the computing device is able to determine whether to send multicast traffic to the other bridge domain. Various other apparatuses, systems, and methods are also disclosed.