Abstract: A technique for implementing AP-local dynamic switching involves Layer 2 switching. This may be accomplished by providing data associated with wireless stations to an AP sufficient to enable the AP to determine whether traffic from a particular wireless station should be locally switched. Alternatively, the wireless station may be able to determine whether to locally switch traffic based upon the traffic itself. For example, it may be desirable to AP-locally switch voice traffic to avoid latency, which is particularly detrimental to voice transmissions such as voice-over-IP. Traffic that is not to be switched locally is Layer 2 tunneled upstream.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed that provide more accurate clustering of devices by forming clusters of devices and merging or changing clusters based on predetermined criteria. The technique starts with a large number of clusters (e.g., one for each account) and refines the clusters, for example, by merging clusters or determining which cluster a given device should be in when the device is associated with multiple clusters. One technique iteratively adjusts clusters of devices by merging clusters determined to be associated with a single user until a cluster contains all of the devices and accounts expected to be associated with a single user.

Abstract: A method for connecting a plurality of networks. The method may include establishing a first network link between a first network element and a second network element. The first network link may implement an interconnection between a first network and a second network. The method may include establishing a second network link between the first network element and a third network element. The first network element, the second network element, and the third network element may be located on a virtual network. The method may include detecting, over the virtual network, a first network event regarding the first network link. The method may include, in response to detecting the first network event, adjusting the interconnection between the first network and the second network. The method may include disregarding a second network event regarding the second network link.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a first and a second node devices, and a control device configured to control data transmission between the first and the second node devices, the control device being coupled to the first node device through a first path group including a plurality of paths and being coupled to the second node device through a second path group including a plurality of paths, the control device is configured to perform a communication test of the first path group and the second path group, and when a first failure is detected in a first path in the first path group, couple a third path other than the first path in the first path group with the first node device, couple a second path in the second path group with the second node device, and couple the third path and the second path with each other.

Abstract: An emulation mode for network devices is described as a means of isolating a defective network device from real network traffic, while continuing to transmit faux traffic to the defective network device, wherein the faux traffic is intentionally dropped. The emulation mode allows the defective network device to be tested in an environment that appears real, without impacting user traffic. A management server can control one or more neighbor network devices and place them in the emulation mode as a way to isolate and test the defective network device. In the emulation mode, the neighbor network device monitors for packets that, based on previous routing history, would be sent to the defective network device and, instead, routes them to functioning network devices using a current FIB. A virtual RIB/FIB can also be used to route the same packets to the defective network device.

Abstract: Systems and methods with a service operating in a network between an originating node and a terminating node include, responsive to detection of a fault on a service, determining a first snapshot of information at each of the originating node and the terminating node; responsive to detection of clearing of the fault, determining a second snapshot of information at each of the originating node and the terminating node; and utilizing the first snapshot of information at each of the originating node and the terminating node and the second snapshot of information at each of the originating node and the terminating node to determine packet disruption information for the service based on the fault and the clearing of the fault.

Abstract: A communication, an air conditioner, and a method for controlling the communication apparatus are disclosed. The communication apparatus includes a communicator and a controller. The communicator is configured to receive a recognition signal from each of one or more other communication apparatuses. The communicator is also configured to transmit a generated first status message generated based on the recognition signal. The communicator is also configured to receive at least one second status message generated by the one or more other communication apparatuses. The controller is configured to generate the first status message based on the recognition signal received by the communicator. The controller is also configured to determine a repeat node by comparing the second status message with the first status message.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable storage media which have instructions stored for execution on a processor, for automating the commissioning of a transport network element within a network. A system configured according to this disclosure can be an Automated Commissioning Tool which can initiate communications with a network element on the network. The Automated Commissioning Tool can then retrieve updated firmware corresponding to the network element and configure the network element to have the updated firmware. Finally, the Automated Commissioning Tool can determine, from a network plan, a first port on the network element which is to be connected via a cross-connect to a second port on the network element and establish the cross-connect on the network element. At this point the network element may be commissioned to operate as a transport network element within the network.

Abstract: A method of forwarding a multicast packet by a physical forwarding element is provided. The method receives a multicast packet that identifies a multicast group. The method scans a multicast tree associated with the multicast group to identify an ECMP group for forwarding the multicast packet to a member of the multicast group. The method calculates a group of hash values on several fields of the packet and uses a first hash value in the group of hash values to identify a first path in the ECMP. The method determines that the identified path has failed. The method uses a second hash value to identify a second path in the ECMP. The method forwards the multicast packet to the multicast member through the second path.

Abstract: This application discloses a path processing method and apparatus, and a terminal. In the path processing method, user equipment may determine, based on connection parameter information corresponding to at least one existing packet data network (PDN) connection, whether a target PDN connection satisfying a target connection condition exists in the at least one existing PDN connection. When the target PDN connection satisfying the target connection condition exists, the user equipment may transmit a service packet by using the target PDN connection. When the target PDN connection satisfying the target connection condition does not exist, the user equipment may initiate establishment of the target PDN connection, to transmit a service packet by using the established target PDN connection. As can be learned, when transmitting the service packet, the user equipment may transmit the service packet by using the target PDN connection satisfying the target connection condition.

Abstract: A VPN is established between a client and a remote server. Data is partitioned into a plurality of packets. The packets are encrypted and scheduled for transmission over a cellular and a Wi-Fi connection. Scheduling of the packets is dynamically adjusted. Addresses of the encrypted packets are translated to match network addresses of respective physical interfaces. Packets are transmitted from the client to the server based on the scheduling. A packet that is transmitted on one of the connections and is subsequently lost is subsequently transmitted on the other connection.

Abstract: Methods and systems for managing access to virtual storage systems is provided. A listening socket is configured for an application for detecting communication for a plurality of virtual storage systems presented by a clustered storage system having a plurality of nodes. A packet is received at a node of the clustered storage system from a client system for a virtual storage system from among the plurality of virtual storage systems. An identifier for the virtual storage system for which the packet is destined is determined. A connection socket is cloned for the virtual storage system such that any other packet for a same connection and for the virtual storage system can be forwarded to the virtual storage system. Thereafter, the packet is processed by the application on behalf of the virtual storage system.

Abstract: Process to associate a set of physical ports on a physical device with a set of software virtual interfaces. Process includes placing the set of software virtual interfaces to be associated with a set of N physical ports in an enabled state which has a first link state when no activation device is connected to a particular software virtual interface and a second link state when an activation device is connected to the particular software virtual interface. Connecting an activation device such as a loopback connector to a physical port to shift the software virtual interface to the second link state to map that particular physical port to that particular software virtual interface.

Abstract: A method may include storing updated firmware in storage of a target switch, transmitting instructions to the target switch to initiate a restart thereof, and transmitting a respective notification to (i) at least one switch in each of a core layer and aggregation layer of the computer system, and (ii) switches in an access layer if a switch of the aggregation layer is the selected target switch. The notification may be indicative of an impending shut down of the target switch and include instructions to each recipient switch to cease directing packets thereto. The method may also include processing any packets directed to the target switch prior to the receipt of the notification and compliance thereto by each recipient switch, confirming all packets directed to the target switch from each recipient switch have been received and processed, and restarting the target switch, thereby updating the firmware on the target switch.

Abstract: In the subject system for a network switch may receive one or more packets via a set of input ports. The network switch may write the one or more packets into an ingress buffer of an ingress tile shared by the set of input ports. The network switch may read the one or more packets from the ingress buffer according to a schedule by a scheduler. The network switch may forward the read one or more packets to a plurality of output ports.

Abstract: A system includes a first device having a first physical layer transceiver (PHY) and a first port that is coupled to the first PHY and that operates in a mode. The system also includes a second device having a second PHY and a second port that is coupled to the second PHY and that operates in a mode. The second device provides, through the second port via a cable coupled to the first port to the first device and prior to advertising the at least one mode that the second port is configured to operate in, a second PHY ability of the second PHY. The second device receives a first PHY ability of the first PHY and determines that a mismatch exists between the first and second PHY abilities. In response to the mismatch, the second device adjusts the operation of the second PHY to correct the mismatch.

Abstract: Systems 100, 1000, methods, and machine-interpretable programming or other instruction products for the management of data transmission by multiple networked computing resources 106, 1106. In particular, the disclosure relates to the synchronization of related requests for transmitting data using distributed network resources.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a bearer handover control device and control method. The method includes: receiving, by a network side device, a bearer handover message; and determining, by the network side device according to the bearer handover message, a bearer needing to be handed over in all bearers, so that an end marker End Marker message is sent to a source base station only for the bearer needing to be handed over. By using the foregoing solutions, for a multi-connection scenario, a network side device can determine a bearer needing to be handed over, so that an end marker message is sent only for the bearer needing to be handed over, which can prevent discarding of subsequent data of a bearer that is not to be handed over, and ensure multiple connections between a UE and base stations, thereby improving stability of a system.

Abstract: A parallel processing method for a traffic having an order, which supports virtual core automatic scaling in a virtual environment having at least one virtual machine (VM) and at least one virtual core queue for each VM, may comprise identifying a flow of the traffic according to attributes of the traffic; determining a virtual core queue to which the traffic is mapped according to the identified flow and queuing the traffic to the determined virtual core queue; and transferring the traffic from the determined virtual core queue to a VM corresponding to the determined virtual core queue through a virtual switch. Also, traffic belonging to a same flow may be queued to a same virtual core queue and processed by a same virtual core.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and method for automatically composing resources in a data center using a management application. The management application can communicate with a data center management software to collect information of computer resource, storage resource, and network resource of the data center. Based at least upon the network resource information of the data center, the management application can generate a network topology of the data center. In response to receiving a request from a specific user, the management application can compose suitable resources of the data center to match the request.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for identifying a source of a failure in a network is provided. The method includes receiving hardware infrastructure information of the network, wherein the network includes a plurality of hardware infrastructure units, and receiving software services information of the network. The method also includes associating the hardware infrastructure information with the software services information, and generating a graph based on the association of the hardware infrastructure information and the software services information.

Abstract: A gateway having an architecture authorizing bidirectional communication between applications located in different domains and presenting a high assurance level of protection. The gateway interconnects a first and second domain. The gateway comprises an internal protocol, first and second protocol adapters hosted within the first and second domains and configured to make a conversion between application data formatted according to an applicative protocol relative to the two domains and gateway data formatted according to the gateway internal protocol, and a security module hosted on a separate platform to communicate with the first and second protocol adapters via first and second data links according to the gateway internal protocol.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed herein for managing network bandwidth in a distributed system having multiple endpoints that upload data to a central server or server cluster. One embodiment provides a computer-implemented method that includes receiving a logical topology of the network that is determined based on network measurements. The method further includes generating a tree having links of the logical network topology as nodes, and allocating bandwidth during a traversal of the tree to obtain a bandwidth allocation scheme for the endpoints uploading data. In addition, the method includes controlling bandwidth consumption by the endpoints based on the determined bandwidth allocation scheme.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for segment routing using a remote forwarding adjacency identifier. In one embodiment, a first node in a network receives a packet, wherein the packet is received with a first segment-ID and another segment ID attached thereto. The first node detaches the first and the other segment IDs from the packet. Then the first node attaches a first label to the packet. Eventually, the first node forwards the packet with the attached first label directly to a second node in the network. In one embodiment, the other segment ID corresponds to a forwarding adjacency or tunnel label switched path between the first node and another node.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method for transmitting a clock packet. The method includes: a first network element generates a first clock packet, where the first clock packet includes a first source identity and first clock information, and the first source identity is used to indicate a device that provides the first clock information. The first network element sends the first clock packet to a second network element forming a ring network with the first network element. The first network element receives a second clock packet sent by the second network element, where the second clock packet includes a second source identity and second clock information, and the second source identity is used to indicate a device that provides the second clock information. The first network element skips tracking the second clock information after determining that the second source identity is the same as the first source identity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cooperative power management by virtual machines is disclosed. In an example apparatus, a computing device includes a number of virtual machines (VMs), each sharing a resource with another of the VMs. A virtual machine monitor (VMM) includes a shared memory object accessible by the VMs, wherein the shared memory object comprises a current power state requested by a VM for the resource.

Abstract: For duplicating PDCP PDUs for a radio bearer, methods, apparatus, and systems are disclosed. One apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver for communicating with a mobile communication network. The processor establishes a radio bearer to communicate with the network, the radio bearer includes a PDCP entity, first and second RLC entities associated with said PDCP entity, first and second logical channels associated with said first and second RLC entities, respectively. The processor receives a control signal from the network, duplicates PDCP data PDUs in the PDCP entity, and submits them to the first and second RLC entities for transmission. The processor indicates to one of the first and second RLC entities to discard duplicated PDCP data PDUs in response to the successful delivery of corresponding PDCP data PDUs by the other RLC entity.

Abstract: A computerized computer system entity rendering method provides rendering on a display screen a computer system entity visualization according to an arrangement of icons corresponding to physical and virtual entities in the computer system. In one implementation, the method includes modeling of the computer system, including physical and virtual entities, and associating the physical and virtual entities with entity types and assigning the entity types with plural computer system diagram levels. An arrangement of icons on a display screen corresponding to the physical and virtual entities in the computer system is determined, with the arrangement of icons including application of force-directed spacing of icons and constraints on icon positioning according to computer system diagram levels.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose an availability counting apparatus and method. The apparatus includes: a configuration module, configured to: receive an unavailability rule configured by a user, and subscribe to a detection item from a detection apparatus at each layer of network functions virtualization and notify the detection apparatus of a condition for triggering a fault alarm, according to the unavailability rule; a calculation module, configured to: receive fault alarm information and fault recovery information that are reported by the detection apparatus, and calculate availability of each layer of the network functions virtualization; and a report module, configured to output an availability counting report according to a preset period.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, a system for receiving second signals from a switch responsive to the switch receiving first signals a first waveguide system, wherein the first waveguide system facilitates generating the first signals responsive to receiving first electromagnetic waves that propagate along a transmission medium. The system further facilitates selecting a communication device according to the second signals, and transmitting a first wireless signal directed to the communication device, wherein the first wireless signal conveys first data supplied by the second signals. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, a first waveguide system for obtaining instructions that reconfigures operations thereof, receiving first electromagnetic waves propagating along a transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path, where the first electromagnetic waves convey first data. The first waveguide system can further facilitate processing the first electromagnetic waves, according to the instructions, to selectively generate repeated electromagnetic waves for delivery to a second waveguide system, regenerated electromagnetic waves for delivery to the second waveguide system, first signals for delivery to a routing device, or any combinations thereof. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Methodologies and systems that pass signals between control planes of nodes within a FlexE Network also conforming to the Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) protocol are described. The signals passed between the control planes conform to the GMPLS protocol and comprise a FlexE Ethernet Group Number and identify at least one Ethernet PHY conforming to the requirements of IEEE 802.3-2015. The Flexible Ethernet Group Number and the at least one Ethernet PHY are stored in non-transitory memory accessible by a node within the FlexE Network. Then, the node configures a FlexE Group based upon the Flexible Ethernet Group Number and the at least one Ethernet PHY.

Abstract: Some embodiments move the task of selecting between different transit provider paths from the network level to the application level. Some embodiments perform network level configurations involving a destination network router advertising over a first transit provider path, a unique first address identifying a destination network server as reachable via the first path and advertising over a second transit provider path, a unique second address identifying the destination network server as reachable via the second path. Some embodiments further perform application level configurations involving a source network server passing a first packet to the destination network server over the first path by addressing the first packet to the first address and passing a second packet to the destination network server over the second path by addressing the second packet to the second address. The path selection may be based on policies accounting for congestion, performance, and other metrics.

Abstract: A user device may provide, for display in a first area of a graphical user interface (GUI), a first link to a first predicted interface within a website or a program. The first predicted interface may be an interface to which a user is predicted to navigate. The first link may be a graphical representation of at least a portion of the first predicted interface. The user device may provide, for display in a second area of the GUI, additional links to additional predicted interfaces within the website or the program. The first link may be more prominently displayed in relation to the additional links. The additional predicted interfaces may be interfaces to which the user is predicted to navigate. The additional links may be graphical representations of at least a portion of the additional predicted interfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for path creation element driven dynamic setup of forwarding adjacencies and explicit path. In one embodiment of the method, a node receives an instruction to create a tunnel between the node and another node. The node creates or initiates the creation of the tunnel in response to receiving the instruction, wherein the tunnel comprises a plurality of nodes in data communication between the node and the other node. The node maps a first identifier (ID) to information relating to the tunnel. The node advertises the first ID to other nodes in a network of nodes.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for segment routing (SR). In one embodiment, the method includes a node creating a segment stack that identifies one segment calculated using a first algorithm and a second segment calculated using a second, different algorithm. The node then attaches this header to a packet and sends it to another node.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device in a network identifies a shortest path tree for a point of local repair in the network that excludes at least one link between the point of local repair and a neighbor of the point of local repair in the network. The device evaluates member nodes of a branch of the shortest path tree, to form a list of repair segments. The device further causes one or more segment routing labels to be added to a header of a packet based on the repair segment list and in response to a failure in the network associated with the at least one link excluded from the shortest path tree.

Abstract: A device may monitor a network port for an address resolution protocol (ARP) request from a sender device. The device may detect the ARP request based on monitoring the network port for the ARP request. The device may identify a target protocol address included in the ARP request. The device may configure a protocol address of the device using the target protocol address.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture (e.g., physical storage media) to reroute tunnel traffic in a network are disclosed. Example methods disclosed herein include, in response to detecting an event associated with routing first traffic in the network, determining a plurality of paths to carry respective traffic for a plurality of tunnels between pairs of routers in the network, the plurality of paths being determined based on a quality metric characterizing an aggregate tunnel bandwidth to be carried by the plurality of paths for the plurality of tunnels. Such disclosed example methods also include sending first routing information describing the plurality of paths to the routers in the network to cause the routers to route the respective traffic for the plurality of tunnels using the plurality of paths.

Abstract: A system, computer readable medium, and method are provided for a resource management in a cloud architecture. The method includes the steps of collecting a first time stamped data (TSD), and a second TSD, and generating a prediction model based on the first TSD and the second TSD. The method further includes collecting a third TSD, and predicting a fourth TSD based on the prediction model and the third TSD. With more data are obtained via the prediction, the resource management is more efficient and accurate.

Abstract: A parallel processing apparatus including a plurality of compute nodes and a management node including a first processor configured to execute a process including collecting failure information regarding a plurality of ports of the plurality of compute nodes, and transmitting, to the plurality of compute nodes, failed port information including information on a failed port of the plurality of ports when an update in the failure information is detected in the collecting, wherein each of the plurality of compute nodes includes a second processor configured to execute a process including determining a retransmission route based on the failed port information when an inter-compute node communication in a low-level communication library has failed, and re-executing the inter-node communication by using the determined retransmission route.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for validating routing table information in a network. A network assurance appliance may be configured to retrieve routing table information from a plurality of nodes in a network fabric. The routing table information includes path information from at least one source node to at least one destination node. A graph representation of the routing table information is constructed with the at least one destination node as a sink vertex for the graph representation. The network assurance appliance determines, for each leaf node in the network fabric, whether the leaf node can reach the sink vertex based on the graph representation and determines that there is a misconfiguration of the network fabric based on whether each leaf node in the fabric can reach the sink vertex.

Abstract: A gateway RB may search for an ARP entry of the destination IP address of an IP packet. The gateway RB may generate an Ethernet header based on a VLAN identification and a MAC address in the found ARP entry and a first local MAC address. The gateway RB may generate an Ethernet packet by adding the generated Ethernet header to the IP packet, and send out the Ethernet packet via an egress port in the found ARP entry; wherein the founded ARP entry is generated by the gateway RB based on a received TRILL-encapsulated ARP packet and a VSI on the gateway RB associating with the first local MAC address and the destination IP address of the IP packet belong to the same VLAN.

Abstract: A method for migrating a service of a data center is disclosed. When an active data center is faulty, a tunnel processing device disables a locally-saved tunnel entry of a server in the active data center. After receiving a service access request packet from a customer edge router, the tunnel processing device acquires an IP address of a tunnel processing module deployed on a server in a standby data center according to an IP address of a destination virtual machine, encapsulates the service access request packet and routes the encapsulated packet to the tunnel processing module, so as to migrate a data center service from the active data center to the standby data center.

Abstract: In some examples, a switching system includes a plurality of fabric endpoints and a multi-stage switching fabric having a plurality of fabric planes each having a plurality of stages to switch data units between any of the plurality of fabric endpoints. A fabric endpoint of the fabric endpoints is configured to send, to a switch of a first one of the stages and within a first fabric plane of the plurality of fabric planes, a self-ping message destined for the fabric endpoint. The fabric endpoint is configured to send, in response to determining the fabric endpoint has not received the self-ping message after a predetermined time, an indication of a connectivity fault for the first fabric plane.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method for transferring data in a power system includes an energy management system assigning a different service number to each of types of data, transferring a service number corresponding to specific data from a server to the energy management system, transferring the data corresponding to the transferred service number from the energy management system in a broadcast manner, and the server receiving the data transferred from the energy management system in the broadcast manner.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of determining, by a network manager, a failure in a ring communications network, including determining a plurality of ring segments within different services of a plurality of services using the ring communications network, determining that there are two or more link failures in the ring communications network, determining the ring segments where the two or more link failures are located, and indicating an interruption of one of the services when the two or more failed links are on different ring segments.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for using segment routing (SR) in native IP networks. The method involves receiving a packet. The packet is an IP packet and includes an IP header. The method also involves updating the packet. Updating the packet involves writing information, including a segment routing segment identifier, to the destination address of the packet.

Abstract: Techniques are described for establishing lower priority LSPs on paths determined to be less likely to include bandwidth constrained links. In one example, a router includes a plurality of physical interfaces each having at least one link interconnecting the router as one of a plurality of routers in a network and a processor. The processor is configured to determine whether a link of one of the plurality of physical interfaces is congested based at least in part on an amount of available bandwidth on the link, and, responsive to determining that the link is congested, set a bandwidth subscription for the link, wherein the bandwidth subscription specifies that the amount of available bandwidth on the link for label switched paths having a lower priority is less than the amount of available bandwidth on the link for label switched paths having a higher priority.

Abstract: An example embodiment includes a plurality of flight modules including a primary flight module and a secondary flight module. The embodiment includes a CAN controller, a second CAN controller, a first CAN bus configured to transmit primary control signals from the first CAN controller to the primary flight module and to the secondary flight module, and a second CAN bus configured to transmit secondary control signals from the second CAN controller to the primary flight module and the secondary flight module. The primary flight module is configured to perform functions responsive to receiving the primary control signals, and not in response to receiving the secondary control signals and the secondary flight module is configured to perform functions responsive to receiving the secondary control signals, and not in response to receiving the primary control signals.