Abstract: A node failure recovery tool includes an interface and one or more processors. The interface is configured to receive a first portion and a second portion of state information from a first node. The one or more processors are configured to determine a time that the first portion of state information was received and store the first portion of state information and the time that the first portion of state information was received. The one or more processors are further configured to determine a time that the second portion of state information was received and start a timer, determine that the timer has expired and that the third portion of state information has not been received, and after determining that the first node has crashed, send a retrieved second portion of state information to the first node so that the first node can recover from the crash.

Abstract: A tree recovery method for a software-defined network (SDN) adapted to an SDN controller is provided. The tree recovery method includes: establishing topology information based on a current SDN topology and storing the topology information in a storage of the SDN controller; receiving a failure message reporting a failure link of the SDN, a plurality of network nodes of the topology information are classified into at least one losing nodes and at least one remaining node according to the failure link; and calculating and linking the at least one losing node to the at least one remaining node by using the topology information stored in the storage.

Abstract: A method includes selectively controlling, at a computing device having a memory, initiation of a full garbage collection operation based on a total resource usage metric and a managed object metric. The managed object metric is based on objects managed by a runtime application.

Abstract: Systems and methods for building a hyper-scale monitoring fabric are described. The system receives a duplicate of a first portion of traffic information from a production network as first traffic information and communicates the first traffic information in the hyper-scale monitoring fabric. The first traffic information is communicated to a controller computer that configures the hyper-scale monitoring fabric. The system receives a duplicate of a second portion of the traffic information from the production network as second traffic information. The system forwards the second traffic information to a tool farm.

Abstract: A repeater receiving an original frame from a connected Electronic Control Unit (ECU) by a normal port divides data stored in a data area of the received frame, and each of a plurality of divided data pieces is stored in the data area in each of a plurality of division frames to be sent out to a destination. Each of the plurality of division frames of the original frame is distributed to one of two ring ports according to a determination of the repeater, and each of the division frames is sent out therefrom to the destination. In such manner, the frame transmission time required for a transmission of the frame is reduced.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a data packet at a routing engine of a node of a network. A route is selected, from a forwarding table of the node, for sending the data packet from the node to a destination of the data packet. The forwarding table includes route characteristics, including route costs, related to two or more routes from the node to the destination. The selected route is analyzed, by a hardware computing device, to determine whether the selected route is suitable to convey the data packet based on real-time traffic information. The data packet is returned to the routing engine if the selected route is determined unsuitable to convey the data packet. An alternate route is selected, from the forwarding table, for the data packet in place of the previous selected route if the previous selected route is unsuitable to convey the data packet.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for using segment routing (SR) in native IP networks. The method involves receiving a packet. The packet is an IP packet and includes an IP header. The method also involves updating the packet. Updating the packet involves writing information, including a segment routing segment identifier, to the destination address of the packet.

Abstract: A computing system may comprise a plurality of processing devices. In one example, a processing device may comprise a top level router, a device controller and a plurality of processing engines grouped in a plurality of clusters. The top level router may comprise a plurality of high speed communication interfaces to couple the processing device with other processing devices. The device controller may comprise a device controller memory space. Each cluster may have a cluster memory. Each processing engine may comprise an engine memory. The device controller memory space, the cluster memory of all clusters and the engine memory of all processing engines of all processing devices may form a uniform address space for the computing system, which may be addressed using a packet that contains a single destination address in a header of the packet.

Abstract: A direction-switchable transponder of a high speed communications network, e.g., an fiber optic data communications network, is capable of dynamically reversing the data traffic flow of its various communications channels in response to a signal. The signal can specify a number of channels, a channel map, or a required bandwidth. The direction-switchable transponder can receive a signal relating to network bandwidth requirements; select, based on the received signal, one or more fiber optic channels for reversing direction of flow of network traffic; and dynamically and automatically reconfigure the selected fiber optic signal to reverse direction of flow of network traffic. By responding to asymmetric bandwidth requirements, the direction-switchable transponder uses high speed communications network lines more efficiently.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a multi-link aggregation method, including: establishing, by a first device, a transparent transmission channel with a second device, where the transparent transmission channel spans multiple links connected to the first device and the second device; performing, by the first device, network address translation on a first target packet to obtain a second target packet; and transmitting, by the first device, the second target packet to the second device through the transparent transmission channel, so that the second device performs network address translation on the second target packet to obtain a third target packet, and the second device sends the third target packet to a target device identified by destination address information of the first target packet.

Abstract: A fast reroute (FRR) implementation utilizes an optimized FRR table to implement a fast switchover to a backup link upon detecting a primary link failure on a label switched path (LSP). The switchover can be performed in a negligible amount of time (close to zero milliseconds) based on a backup indicator flag which can be dynamically updated. The FRR table stores pre-determined backup egress interfaces and FRR labels corresponding to primary egress interfaces to minimize the switchover time.

Abstract: In an approach for audio based event analytics, a processor receives a recording of audio from an event. A processor collects information about the event and a list of participants. A processor segments the recording into, at least, a plurality of utterances. A processor analyzes the segmented recording. A processor summarizes the recording based on the segmentation and the analysis. A processor generates insights about interactions patterns of the event based on the segmentation and the analysis.

Abstract: Provided is a packet transmission apparatus including at least one user network interface (UNI) line card configured to receive traffic including a client signal, a fabric switch configured to perform switching on the traffic based on a unit of line card, a network-to-network interface working (NNI-W) line card configured to generate a multiprotocol label switching-transport profile (MPLS-TP) working tunnel to transmit the traffic transferred through the fabric switch, and a network-to-network interface protection (NNI-P) line card configured to generate a MPLS-TP protection tunnel to transmit the traffic transferred through the fabric switch when a fault occurs on a path of the NNI-W line card.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to provide redundancy in a process control system are disclosed. An example method includes receiving, at a first network host, first integrity messages transmitted from a second network host over a first network. The method includes detecting a network failure over a first communication path between a first network interface of the first network host and a second network interface of the second network host via first network when a first network interface of the first network host fails to receive one of the first integrity messages expected from a first network interface of the second network host. The method includes automatically establishing a second communication path between the first network host and the second network host in response to the detected network failure.

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER). For example, one method involves receiving a packet at a node. The packet includes a bit string includes information identifying a plurality of destinations. The node selects an entry in a bit indexed forwarding table (BIFT). The BIFT includes both a primary path entry and a backup path entry. The node forwards the packet based on information in the entry.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments configured to detect a quorum of peers in a peer to peer network. In one embodiment, a first peer receives a message originating in a second peer, where the message includes a peer identifier. The peer identifier is stored in quorum detection data in response to determining that the peer identifier is not already present in the quorum detection data. A quorum of the peers is detected based at least in part on the quorum detection data.

Abstract: A method for authorizing a smart-home device for enrollment with a demand-response program may include receiving, at a control server of an energy management system and for the smart-home device, identifying information for a user account. The method may also include sending the identifying information from the control server to an Application Program Interface (API) with an enrollment request. The method may additionally include receiving, at the control server, a determination from the API as to whether the identifying information for the user account was matched to an existing utility account. The method may further include based on the determination from the API, determining whether the smart-home device can be enrolled with the demand-response program.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus may include (1) a database that maintains a pruned multicast distribution tree and (2) a processing unit having access to the database, wherein the processing unit (A) receives at least one type 3 Ethernet Segment Identifier (ESI) message from at least one other bridge domain on at least one other computing device, (B) determines, based at least in part on the type 3 ESI message, whether the other bridge domain on the other computing device has a root access concentrator, and then (C) populates, in response to determining whether the other bridge domain has a root access concentrator, the pruned multicast distribution tree to account for the other bridge domain such that the bridge domain on the computing device is able to determine whether to send multicast traffic to the other bridge domain. Various other apparatuses, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for classifying a food item of organic or irregular structure includes an image capture unit, a data input unit, and a data output unit. An evaluation unit is connected to said image capture unit, to said data input unit and to said data output unit. The image capture unit captures the food item as optical data and provides the optical data in transmittable form for transmission to the evaluation unit. The evaluation unit extracts feature values of the food item from the optical data. The feature values are combined to form a feature value tuple for the food item. The feature value tuple is automatically assignable to a feature value tuple range. The feature value tuple range is formed by one or more feature value tuples. The feature value tuple range is assigned a class. The data input unit is used to perform an assignment of the class to the feature value tuple range.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for generating segment routing (SR) segment lists. In one embodiment, a node receives information that identifies a path from a first node to a second node. Based on the received path, a set of segment identifiers that encodes the path is generated. A packet that is forwarded along the set of segment identifiers travels the received path.

Abstract: Methods and systems for originating and terminating a short message service (SMS) message using an IP network are disclosed. Delivery of an SMS message is attempted on a first network a first predetermined number of times according to a first predetermined time schedule. Delivery of the SMS message on a second network is attempted after a failure to deliver the SMS message on the first network. Reattempted delivery of the SMS message on the first network is followed by reattempted delivery of the SMS message on the second network, according to a second predetermined time schedule.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus are set forth which adjusts one or more of the brightness, vibrancy and color shift of displayed content based upon the at least approximate age of the viewer. At a display (15) the user's age is at least approximated by accessing an established user data file (835, 837) containing age determining data and/or capturing a facial image (804) of the user and processing the same to determine at least the approximate age of the user. Based upon the age determination the brightness, vibrancy and/or color shift may be adjusted to account for the effects of the aging of the human eye. User overrides (900, 902, 904) may be provided for the user to alter or turn off the adjustments. Adjustment of the brightness, vibrancy and/or color shift may also take into account ambient light conditions.

Abstract: A method for processing data packets in a communication network includes establishing a path for a flow of the data packets through the communication network. At a node along the path having a plurality of aggregated ports, a port is selected from among the plurality to serve as part of the path. A label is chosen responsively to the selected port. The label is attached to the data packets in the flow at a point on the path upstream from the node. Upon receiving the data packets at the node, the data packets are switched through the selected port responsively to the label.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and systems for managing VPN tunnels. A VPN concentrator establishes a first aggregated VPN connection and a second aggregated VPN connection with a first host and a first network device respectively. When the first aggregated VPN connection comprises a first plurality of VPN tunnels, the VPN concentrator applies uplink and downlink bandwidth limits to each of the plurality of VPN tunnels. Similarly, when the second aggregated VPN connection comprise a second plurality of VPN tunnels, the VPN concentrator applies uplink and downlink bandwidth limits to each of the plurality of VPN tunnels. The first host encapsulates a first data packet in a first encapsulating packet and transmits the first encapsulating packet to a VPN concentrator using a first aggregated VPN connection.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system for managing communication connections in a virtualization environment, comprises a plurality of host machines implementing a virtualization environment, wherein each of the host machines comprises a hypervisor, at least one user virtual machine (UVM), a connection agent, and an I/O controller; and a virtual disk comprising a plurality of storage devices, the virtual disk being accessible by all of the I/O controllers, wherein the I/O controllers conduct I/O transactions with the virtual disk based on I/O requests received from the UVMs, and wherein, for each of the host machines: each of the UVMs on the host machine sends its respective I/O requests to a selected one of the I/O controllers, and for each of the UVMs on the host machine, the connection agent on the host machine selected one of the I/O controllers for the UVM based on a list of the available I/O controllers.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture (e.g., physical storage media) to reroute tunnel traffic in a network are disclosed. Example methods disclosed herein include, in response to detecting an event associated with routing first traffic in the network, determining a plurality of paths to carry respective traffic for a plurality of tunnels between pairs of routers in the network, the plurality of paths being determined based on a quality metric characterizing an aggregate tunnel bandwidth to be carried by the plurality of paths for the plurality of tunnels. Such disclosed example methods also include sending first routing information describing the plurality of paths to the routers in the network to cause the routers to route the respective traffic for the plurality of tunnels using the plurality of paths.

Abstract: This multi-core processor system for processing information, of the kind including a data exchange engine (2) associated with multiple users (3) of shared resources (4), is characterized in that it includes means for controlling data exchanges in the processor, associated with each user (3), with the exchange engine (2) and with the shared resources (4) and defining at the processor, a data exchange law determined according to a defined space-time mapping, a giving the possibility of obtaining predictable operating performances of this processor.

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for multicast forwarding. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving at a node a multicast message comprising a message header, where the message header comprises an incoming message bit array and a set identifier value associated with the incoming message bit array. The method further comprises selecting a first forwarding table entry, the first forwarding table entry comprises a set identifier value matching that of the message header. The method further comprises comparing at least a portion of the incoming message bit array to a corresponding portion of a neighbor bit array of the first forwarding table entry, determining that for at least one relative bit position a corresponding destination node is both a destination for the message and a reachable destination from a first neighboring node, and forwarding a copy of the message to the first neighboring node.

Abstract: There is provided methods and apparatus to improve spectral efficiency in Hybrid Automated Repeat reQuest (HARQ) communications. New data and retransmission data is combined in packets using code domain multiplexing, where data layers carry data and retransmission layers carry retransmission data. This technique is leveraged to introduce Multi-Packet HARQ. The HARQ layers contain Incremental Redundancy (IR) bits to assist in the decoding of a subset of previously undecoded layers. Multiple packets are jointly decoded at the receiver. Using the properties of code multiplexing, and in particular Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA), the correct decoding of a subset of previously undecoded layers assists in the decoding of all previously undecoded layers. HARQ feedback for multiple packets is jointly interpreted by the receiver and the transmitter using state tables. These techniques are further leveraged to allow for Multiple-User SCMA.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array having a normal area and a temporary area. A page buffer stores data to be written to the normal area in a normal program operation and store a temporary data to be written to the temporary area in a temporary program operation. A control logic performs the normal program operation including a plurality of program loops. The control logic receives a suspend command before the normal program operation is completed and determines, in response to the suspend command, whether to complete the normal program operation or to suspend the normal operation and perform the temporary program operation based on a reference value representing a time for performing at least one program loop of the plurality of program loops.

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER) using IPv6. For example, one method involves receiving, at a node, a packet that includes an IP header. The packet also includes a multicast forwarding entry. The method also involves comparing the multicast forwarding entry with forwarding information stored by the node and selecting a neighbor based on the comparing. The method further includes forwarding the packet to the neighbor.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for segment routing (SR). In one embodiment, the method includes a node creating a segment stack that identifies one segment calculated using a first algorithm and a second segment calculated using a second, different algorithm. The node then attaches this header to a packet and sends it to another node.

Abstract: One or more nodes, in a network, are configured to transmit a message, for computing diverse paths through the network from a first domain to a second domain using a Resource Reservation Protocol-Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) signaling protocol; generate at least one data structure that identifies multiple diverse entry points to the second domain; transmit the at least one data structure toward the first domain; complete the at least one data structure to form at least one completed data structure; use a first data structure, of the at least one completed data structure, to compute a primary path from the first domain to the second domain; and use a second data structure, of the at least one completed data structure, to compute a secondary path from the first domain to the second domain.

Abstract: Various systems and methods for bypassing one or more non-capable nodes. For example, one method involves a capable node determining that an adjacent node is non-capable, where capable nodes are configured to implement a data plane capability and non-capable nodes are not. The method then involves identifying a downstream node that is capable. The downstream node is on a shortest path. The method also involves generating information that identifies a tunnel to the downstream node.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a request from a remote distributed fabric protocol (DFP) system master, using a dedicated processor of a DFP system member, to register local I2C devices on the DFP system member, and sending an acknowledgement including a list of local I2C bus devices back to the DFP system master using the dedicated processor of the DFP system member. The acknowledgement present on the DFP system member. In another embodiment, a system includes a local processor, one or more local I2C bus devices, and a dedicated processor electrically coupled to the local I2C bus devices. The dedicated processor is configured to route interrupts from the local I2C bus devices to the local processor, and expose the local I2C devices to a remote DFP system master by sending details of the local I2C bus devices to the remote DFP system master.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a customer guiding information management unit configured to obtain a content ID used to identify an application introduction source site and an individual identification ID used to identify a user terminal which has accessed the introduction source site and manage the content ID and the individual identification ID as customer guiding information, and a result measurement unit configured to obtain information including an individual identification ID of a user terminal which has downloaded an application, compare the information with the customer guiding information managed by the customer guiding information management unit, and measure a result of the introduction source site identified by the content ID included in the customer guiding information.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product for providing multi-homing techniques for SPB networks is presented. A set of UNI nodes that receive multicast packets are determined based on Backbone Media Access Control-Destination Address (BMAC-DA)/I-Tag Service Identifier (I-SID) of received multicast packets for multicast packets within a transport network. A separate Egress Port Mask is determined for each Backbone-Virtual Local Area Network (B-VLAN) of the transport network, wherein the Egress Port Mask is determined such that only one UNI node of the set of UNI nodes forwards said multicast packets. A set of UNI copies of said multicast packets are filtered out by applying the Egress Port Mask, wherein copies that are not in the Egress Port Mask are dropped. Copies of multicast packets that are not dropped are sent out.

Abstract: An example method includes selecting, by a network device, a remote LFA next hop as an alternate next hop for forwarding network traffic from the network device to a destination, wherein the selected remote LFA next hop provides node protection to a primary next hop node on the shortest path from the network device to the destination. The method includes, for each candidate remote LFA next hop, performing a forward shortest path first (SPF) computation having the respective candidate remote LFA next hop as a root to compute a path segment between the respective candidate remote LFA next hop and the destination, wherein each of the candidate remote LFA next hops is the egress of a respective potential repair tunnel between the network device and candidate remote LFA next hop, and selecting the remote LFA next hop based at least in part on the computed path segments.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for processing an invalidation of a downlink data tunnel between networks. The method includes the following steps: (1) a core network user plane anchor receives an error indication of data tunnel sent from an access network device, (2) after deciding that the user plane corresponding to the error indication uses a One Tunnel technology, the core network user plane anchor notifies a relevant core network control plane to request recovering the downlink data tunnel, (3) the core network control plane recovers the downlink data tunnel and notifies the core network user plane anchor to update information of the user plane. In addition, a communication system and a communication device are also provided. The method, system, and device can improve the speed of recovering data transmission after the downlink data tunnel becomes invalid.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention pertain to the communication field and disclose a method and device for selecting a serving gateway entity. The method includes: receiving an access request message of a user equipment UE sent by a base station, where the access request message includes location information of the base station; acquiring, according to the location information of the base station, a signaling plane address list of serving gateway entities SGWs serving the UE; and selecting, according to failure information of paths between the SGWs and neighboring network elements of the SGWs and the acquired signaling plane address list of SGWs serving the UE, an SGW having no failed path to a neighboring network element of the SGW to serve the UE. The device includes: a receiving module, an acquiring module, and a selecting module.

Abstract: A plurality of forwarding nodes includes: a topology holding unit that holds as first topology information connection relationship between an own node and at least part of the group of nodes; a topology notification unit that notifies a node(s) adjacent to the own node among the group of nodes of the first topology information; and an in-band communication unit that notifies a control apparatus of the first topology information. The control apparatus includes: a topology configuration unit that generates second topology information by combining a plurality of pieces of the first topology information notified by the plurality of forwarding nodes; and an in-band control unit that derives a path from the control apparatus to the plurality of forwarding nodes based on the second topology information and establishes a control channel for controlling the plurality of forwarding nodes along the derived path.

Abstract: According to an example, in a method for redirecting virtual machine traffic a virtual switch may be implemented in a physical server. In addition, a packet sent from a first virtual machine to a second virtual machine may be detected, in which the first virtual machine and the second virtual machine are in the same virtual local area network (VLAN), and in which the packet has a first VLAN label that identifies the VLAN. Moreover, the first VLAN label may be replaced with a second VLAN label in the packet, in which the second VLAN label differs from the first VLAN label, and the packet may be sent to an uplink switch, in which the uplink switch may send the packet to a network security module.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for selectively turning off a switch arrangement for current distribution. A corresponding switch arrangement is also disclosed, including an upstream switch and a directly downstream switch connected in series, each switch being configured to check a current condition associated therewith. Connected between the upstream switch and the downstream switch is a communication link onto which the downstream switch puts a delay signal if its current condition is met and there is no fault present. Following reception of the delay signal, the upstream switch opens only after a delay time. In order to ensure turning off when there is a fault in the opening of a downstream switch even in the case of small overcurrents, when the current condition is met and the fault that prevents opening occurs, the downstream switch puts a fault report onto the communication link that trips the upstream switch.

Abstract: A network management module includes a network interface module, memory, and a processing module. The network interface module is operable for coupling the network management module to a vehicle communication network. The processing module is operable to manage a global vehicle network communication protocol that includes instituting a content-based network packet processing protocol and managing the vehicle communication network to support the network packet processing protocol. The content-based network packet processing protocol includes determining content type of a packet, determining a processing requirement of the packet, and prioritizing execution of the processing requirement based on the content type.

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER). For example, one method involves receiving a packet at a node. The packet includes a bit string. The node traverses the bit string and selects an entry in a bit indexed forwarding table (BIFT). The entry includes a forwarding bit mask. Based on the forwarding bit mask and the bit string, the node forwards the packet.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fast recovery method for a Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) based backup port, and the method includes: it is detected that a failure occurs on a port of an STP-based device; and it is determined whether there is a backup port taking a failed port as a master port, and when it is determined that there is such a backup port, said backup port is changed to a master port; further disclosed is a fast recovery device for an STP based backup port. By means of the technical solutions of the disclosure, it is possible to shorten significantly recovery time of a backup port, and improve greatly performance of link recovery.

Abstract: Provided is a linear protection switching method of a node, wherein the method includes selecting a local request based on a priority of at least one local request, determining a global request based on a priority between the selected local request and a remote message, and performing a state transition based on the global request.

Abstract: A scheduler manages execution of a plurality of data-collection jobs, assigns individual jobs to specific forwarders in a set of forwarders, and generates and transmits tokens (e.g., pairs of data-collection tasks and target sources) to assigned forwarders. The forwarder uses the tokens, along with stored information applicable across jobs, to collect data from the target source and forward it onto an indexer for processing. For example, the indexer can then break a data stream into discrete events, extract a timestamp from each event and index (e.g., store) the event based on the timestamp. The scheduler can monitor forwarders' job performance, such that it can use the performance to influence subsequent job assignments. Thus, data-collection jobs can be efficiently assigned to and executed by a group of forwarders, where the group can potentially be diverse and dynamic in size.

Abstract: A method of maintaining a desired level of an aerosolized compound within a space to be treated with the compound, the method including providing a diffusion device with the compound in liquid form and a control system for operating the device. The control system includes a sensor in fluid communication with the air within the space to be treated configured to sense the concentration of the compound aerosolized within the space. The diffusion device is operated to diffuse the compound into the space. The concentration of the compound within the space to be treated is sensed with the sensor and operation of the diffusion device is altered based on the concentration of the compound sensed to achieve a desired concentration of compound within the space. The sensing and operation altering steps are repeated periodically to maintain the desired concentration of the compound within the space.

Abstract: Techniques are described for providing node protection in a Source Packet Routing in Networking (SPRING) network. In some examples, a first network device, responsive to detecting a configuration request to provide node protection to a second network device that is adjacent to the first network device: generate at least one context table; configure at least one forwarding entry that indicates: a primary path between the first network device and a third network device, and a backup path, based at least in part on the at least one context table, between the first network device and the third network device that bypasses the second network device; while the second network device has not failed, forward network packets to the third network device using the primary path; and responsive to determining that the second network device has failed, forward network packets to the third network device using the backup path.