Abstract: Systems and techniques are described for virtual machine communication and migration. A described technique includes operating server systems that are configured to run virtual machines and providing a virtual network for Internet Protocol (IP) based communications to the virtual machines. The virtual machines can be assigned network addresses, such as IP addresses, on the virtual network. Providing the virtual network can include using separate IP tunnels to effect delivery of IP packets on the virtual network to the virtual machines, respectively. The technique includes migrating a virtual machine running on a first server system to a second server system. The migrated virtual machine can maintain its assigned IP address. The technique includes updating a tunnel endpoint destination associated with the assigned IP address of the migrated virtual machine. The updated tunnel endpoint destination can be based on a network address associated with the second server system.

Abstract: The disclosure describes techniques for network monitoring and fault localization. For example, a controller comprises one or more processors operably coupled to a memory configured to: receive a first one or more Quality of Experience (QoE) metrics measured by a first probe traversing a first path comprising one or more links; receive a second one or more QoE metrics measured by a second probe traversing a second path comprising one or more links; determine, from the first one or more QoE metrics, that the first path has an anomaly; determine, from the second one or more QoE metrics, that the second path has an anomaly; and determine, in response to determining the first path and the second path has an anomaly, based on the type of metrics and the type of links, that an intersection between the first path and the second path is a root cause of the anomaly.

Abstract: A method for managing a Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (M-MIMO) base station is disclosed. The method comprises receiving from a neighbour base station a notification of load conditions at the neighbour base station (110) and obtaining measurements on communication resources associated with the neighbour base station (120). The method further comprises determining whether there exists within a spatial distribution of traffic served by the neighbour base station a region having a concentration of traffic which is above a threshold level (130), and, if such a region exists, and if a condition for load transfer from the neighbour base station is fulfilled, causing at least one reference signal transmitted by the M-MIMO base station to be transmitted towards the determined region with a signal strength sufficient to trigger handover of a device in the determined region to the M-MIMO base station (160).

Abstract: Systems and methods for classifying interference in data signals received by a terminal device (or other end-user or endpoint device) transacting data in a data transfer network are disclosed. Embodiments include defining an array of signal quality metrics at the terminal device, where each signal quality metric is associated with a subcarrier of a data channel used to transfer data with the data transfer network. The array of signal quality metrics may be input to a classification model and the classification model may output a type, sources, and/or cause of disruptions such as interference identified in the signal quality data. In some cases, the output may include frequency characteristics such as a center frequency and/or bandwidth of the identified signal disruption. The terminal device may transmit a message to an upstream device of the data transfer network, which may indicate the identified interference.

Abstract: An information handling system communicates with external devices, such as a docking station, through a multi-protocol streaming cable, such as USB 3.0 (or greater) cable having a USB data protocol, a DisplayPort graphics protocol and a power transfer protocol. Upon detection of excessive errors at the cable, the multi-protocol stream is adjusted to maintain errors within an acceptable range and prioritize information transferred through one of the protocols. Adjustments may include changes to the number of data lanes assigned to each protocol, changes to the rate at which information is transferred with each protocol and changes to power transfer.

Abstract: A wireless device receives an indication for activation of packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) packet duplication of a radio bearer associated with a first radio link control (RLC) entity and a second RLC entity. A packet of the radio bearer is duplicated. The packet to the first RLC entity is provided. A duplicate packet to the second RLC is provided. The packet of the first RLC entity is transmitted. An acknowledgement of a successful delivery for the packet of the first RLC entity is received. In response to the acknowledgement, the duplicate packet of the second RLC entity is discarded.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide for a method, system, and computer program for increasing the success of a facsimile transmission. In an embodiment of the invention, the method includes monitoring an incoming facsimile number transmitting a fax image by a carrier and on the condition that a threshold failure rate is met or exceeded for the carrier transmitting the fax image on the incoming facsimile number, adjusting the carrier to a new carrier.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for determining remote unit behavior parameters. One method includes receiving a message including parameters associated with an application in a remote unit. The method includes determining a first set of parameters including a first portion of the parameters, wherein each parameter of the first set of parameters corresponds to a remote unit behavior. The method includes determining a second set of parameters including a second portion of the parameters, wherein each parameter of the second set of parameters corresponds to a service behavior. The method includes associating the second set of parameters with a data network name, a single network slice selection assistance information, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: For a managed network, some embodiments provide a method for a set of service nodes in an active-active service node cluster in conjunction with a host computer hosting a destination data compute node (DCN) to improve the efficiency of directing a return data message to a service node storing state information for the flow to which the data message belongs. A primary service node in some embodiments receives a data message in a particular data message flow addressed to a destination DCN, performs a service on the data message and forwards the data message, along with information identifying the primary service node, to a host computer on which the destination DCN executes. The host computer generates an entry in a reverse forwarding table including identifying information for the particular data message flow and the primary service node to use to forward data messages in the particular data message flow to the primary service node.

Abstract: An operating method of a storage device including a plurality of memory chips and a connection including a network command queue and a virtual command queue includes receiving a plurality of commands from a host device using the connection, selecting a physical command queue allocated to the connection among a plurality of physical command queues corresponding to the plurality of memory chips, sequentially storing the plurality of commands in the network command queue and the virtual command queue, and transmitting a command throttling request to the host device in response to the plurality of commands based on a queue depth of the network command queue and adjusting a number of physical command queues allocated to the connection based on a queue depth of the virtual command queue.

Abstract: Embodiments presented in this disclosure relate to methods and apparatuses (such as Access Points (AP's), evolved NodeB's (eNB's), etc.) for use in aggregation, or integration, between a Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) and a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). In one embodiment, an eNB decides that an aggregation between the WWAN and the WLAN is to be performed for at least one bearer of one or more bearers associated with a specific UE. Next, the eNB identifies which one(s) of the at least one bearer of the specific UE that is/are to be aggregated between the WWAN and the WLAN. Also, the eNB schedules each one of the at least one bearer identified to be aggregated between the WWAN and the WLAN.

Abstract: An operating mode change method of a wireless local area network (WLAN) system according to an exemplary embodiment includes transmitting, by a station (STA) to an access point (AP), an operating mode change request frame comprising at least one of information on a change of a traffic indication map (TIM) mode, a request for a change of a power save parameter, and information on a change of a service type of the STA, receiving, from the AP, an operating mode change response frame comprising at least one of a TIM mode allowed by the AP, a reallocated association identification (AID), and information on a changed power save parameter, and performing at least one of the change of the TIM mode and the change of the power save parameter based on the information included in the operating mode change.

Abstract: An anomaly detector (100) for detecting an abnormal activity in a telecommunications network. The anomaly detector (100) includes a receiver unit (102) configured to receive a plurality of network measurements (nm) in relation to the telecommunications network; a model-based mapping unit (104) configured to map the received plurality of network measurements (nm) via a machine-trained anomaly detection model (106) to an anomaly indicator (ai); and an output unit (108) configured to provide the anomaly indicator (ai), which indicates the abnormal activity in the telecommunications network.

Abstract: A device may receive data indicating a required quality of service (QoS), and may receive radio access network (RAN) information associated with a RAN, wherein the RAN information is provided by a centralized unit (CU) of the RAN. The device may provide the RAN information to a multi-access edge computing (MEC) platform, and may receive, from the MEC platform, a QoS request that requests the required QoS. The device may provide the QoS request to the CU, and may receive a QoS response to the QoS request. The device may provide the QoS response to a policy control function (PCF) of a core network, and may receive an indication of approval of the QoS response from the PCF. The device may cause, based on receiving the indication of approval, the required QoS to be implemented by the MEC platform and network devices associated with the core network.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for handling failure at one of several peer centralized components of a logical router. At a first one of the peer centralized components of the logical router, the method detects that a second one of the peer centralized components has failed. In response to the detection, the method automatically identifies a network layer address of the failed second peer. The method assumes responsibility for data traffic to the failed peer by broadcasting a message on a logical switch that connects all of the peer centralized components and a distributed component of the logical router. The message instructs recipients to associate the identified network layer address with a data link layer address of the first peer centralized component.

Abstract: A method of downloading a multimedia content from a content server to a client through a wireless communication network is provided. The multimedia content is subdivided into a plurality of chunks and for each chunk the content server has at least two corresponding versions thereof encoded with different encoding rates. The method includes having the client send a first request of a first version of a corresponding requested chunk, and having a proxy server intercept the first request to generate a second request of a second version of the requested chunk. The method also includes having the proxy server send the second request to the content server in place of the first request, and having the content server send the second version to the client. The second request is generated based on the amount of information content of the versions of said requested chunk.

Abstract: A network node for facilitating data transfer is disclosed, comprising: a routing module configured to receive network link capacity information; a first radio interference operating on a first radio access technology and coupled to the routing module; and a second radio interface operating on a second radio access technology and coupled to the routing module, wherein the routing module is configured to receive packets directed to a third virtual radio interface and route the packets to one or both of the first and the second radio interfaces to provide throughput at the third virtual radio interface that is greater than throughput available via either the first or the second radio interfaces independently.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method of providing a segment routing as a service application. The method includes receiving a configuration of an internet protocol environment. The configuration can be a layer 3 configuration of a single cloud environment or even across multiple cloud environments. The configuration defines routing, forwarding, and paths in the environment between different entities such as virtual machines. The method includes receiving a parameter associated with a workload of a tenant. The parameter can be a service level agreement (i.e., a best bandwidth available), a pathway requirement, a parameter associated with specific workload, and so forth. Based on the configuration and the parameter, the method includes generating tenant-defined layer 3 overlay segment routing rules that define how the workload of the tenant will route data in the internet protocol environment using segment routing.

Abstract: A communication control apparatus including: a control unit that determine whether to select a gateway having a specific function for a user equipment based on capability information received from the user equipment and a service availability information of the user equipment received from a subscriber information management apparatus; a transmission unit that transmits an inquiry signal including a parameter indicating that the specific function can be used to a DNS when the control unit determines to select the gateway having the specific function for the user equipment; and a reception unit that receives a list of gateways having the specific function from the DNS.

Abstract: Example methods and computer systems are provided for filter-based packet handling at a virtual network adapter. The method may comprise: receiving an ingress packet destined for the virtualized computing instance that is supported by the host and connected to the virtual network adapter; and matching the ingress packet to one of multiple filters configured for the virtual network adapter. The multiple filters may include a first filter specifying one or more first packet characteristics and a second filter specifying one or more second packet characteristics. The method may also comprise: in response to matching the ingress packet to the first filter, assigning the ingress packet to a first packet queue; and in response to matching the ingress packet to the second filter, assigning the ingress packet to a second packet queue.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a wireless communication terminal includes: at least one antenna; a receiver; a transmitter; a communication processor; a network processor; and a memory. The transmitter is configured to transmit a first frame including information to specify a plurality of frequency components. The communication processor is configured to determine whether or not a second frame is received via each of the plurality of frequency components. The transmitter is configured to transmit a third frame including first information concerning a first value range which is used to determine whether to respond to the first frame, the first value range being dependent on a number of frequency components via which the second frame has been received. The first frame or the third frame includes the first data cached in the memory or information based on the first data.

Abstract: Non-volatile memory may contain definitions of: (i) a plurality of message queue implementations respectively associated with different queue behaviors, the different queue behaviors specified by corresponding sets of modes, and (ii) an application programming interface (API) through which applications can access one or more message queues. One or more processors may be configured to: create a message queue of a particular message queue type, supported by a corresponding message queue implementation, by specifying a set of modes corresponding to a queue behavior; receive, from a producing application and by way of the API, one or more messages for the message queue; store the one or more messages in a data structure associated with the message queue; receive, from a consuming application and by way of the API, a request to read from the message queue; and provide a message from the message queue to the consuming application.

Abstract: A method including configuring a transmit process to store information including a queue of packets to be transmitted, the queue defining transmit process packets to be transmitted, each packet associated with a transmission time, and configuring a synchronization process to receive from the transmit process at least some of the information. The synchronization process performs one of: A) accessing a dummy send queue and a completion queue, and transmitting one or more of the transmit process packets in accordance with a completion queue entry in the completion queue, and B) sends a doorbell to transmission hardware at a time when at least one of the transmit process packets is to be transmitted, the synchronization process including a master queue configured to store transmission entries, each transmission entry including a transmit process indicator and an indication of transmit process packets to be transmitted. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

Abstract: Configuring managed devices when a Network Management System (NMS) is not reachable may be provided. First, a first network device in a network may determine that the first network device has a configuration issue. Determining the configuration issue may comprise determining that the first network device needs to be configured and determining that the first network device cannot connect to the NMS. Next, the first network device may determine, in response to determining that the first network device has the configuration issue, that a second network device in the network was configured by the NMS. Then, in response to determining that the second network device was configured by the NMS, the first network device may obtain second network device configuration data from the second network device. The first network device may then be configured with data comprising at least a portion of the second network device configuration data.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus, a data transmission system, and a data transmission method for implementing flexible Ethernet (FlexE) data transmission in an upstream/downstream asymmetric manner includes obtaining a plurality of first data packets that come from different Media Access Control (MAC) clients, where the different MAC clients receive respective second data packets over respective second FlexE virtual links; and sending the plurality of first data packets to a transmit end of the second data packets over a first FlexE virtual link that corresponds to the different MAC clients.

Abstract: A method and system for wireless communication between a moving vehicle, such as a train, and a remote server through at least one external mobile network are disclosed. The communication system includes at least one router in the train for receiving and transmitting wireless data communication to and from a stationary communication server outside the train through at least one exterior mobile network via at least one antenna. The router includes a control unit configured to allocate bandwidth according to a predefined packet policy to streams of data packets which are matched to the predefined packet policies, providing for a very efficient bandwidth management in a wireless network within a train. Hereby, is easy to prioritize voice-over-IP (VOIP) and/or VPN traffic over video traffic.

Abstract: Precoding matrix computations for a large number of antenna arrays can be used to generate efficiencies within a wireless network. Utilizing network topology and context data in conjunction with known available network resources and mobile device measurements can facilitate gains in power and spectral efficiency and reduction in computation complexity posed by current procedures. To take advantage of multiple paths, the precoding matrix can be known at the radio units for each mobile device.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for performing communications between devices using various aspects of Ethernet standards. As further described herein, a protocol is disclosed that may be used for communications between devices, where the communications take place over a physical connection complying with Ethernet standards. Such a protocol may enable reliable and in-order delivery of frames between devices, while following Ethernet physical layer rules, Ethernet symbol encoding, Ethernet lane alignment, and/or Ethernet frame formats.

Abstract: A convergent charging method includes determining, by a session management function (SMF), a charging type of a first data flow and a charging type of a second data flow, where the charging type is online charging or offline charging. The method further includes sending, by the SMF, a first message to a charging server using an online-offline convergent charging session based on the charging types of the first data flow and the second data flow, where the first message includes a first online charging request of the first data flow or a first offline charging request of the second data flow, and the online-offline convergent charging session is used to send the first online charging request and the first offline charging request.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to systems and methods for facilitating two-way communication sessions using serverless cloud-based functions configured in a function-as-a-service (FaaS) system. One example includes accessing a template configured to execute a response based on an event, facilitating a two-way communication session with a user device, and processing data of the two-way communication session to identify an event trigger corresponding to the template. Execution of a serverless cloud-based function associated with the event trigger is requested, and one or more outputs of the serverless cloud-based function associated with the event trigger are integrated into the two-way communication session.

Abstract: A method and a device for decompressing and compressing uplink data are provided. The method for decompressing uplink data includes: checking, by a decompression end, a UDC header in a PDCP packet after the PDCP packet is received, where the UDC header includes at least: compression context information of a data packet in the PDCP packet and information related to a decompression buffer area, and the information related to the decompression buffer area is for indicating the decompression end to control the decompression buffer area of the decompression end to keep consistent with a compression buffer area of a compression end; and performing, by the decompression end, a corresponding operation on the data packet in the PDCP packet according to the compression context information and the information related to the decompression buffer area.

Abstract: Systems and methods of adaptive bandwidth (BW) management are provided by a control unit of distribution and central units to monitor power and traffic loads at a plurality of nodes in a network; a BW management unit communicating with the control unit to reassign a set of network slices with a set of smaller bandwidth parts (BWPs); the BW management unit configured to define a smaller BWP from a slice mapping for the slice reassignment during a AC power outage, the slicing mapping includes network slices tied to smaller BWPs in the network; and the BW management unit configured to adapt BW for users at the node by reassigning of at least one network slice with a defined smaller BWP at the node in response to a condition determined by the BW management unit, the condition of at least one of a AC power outage, and reduced traffic load at the node.

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and/or computer system improves a future efficiency of a specific system. One or more processors receive multiple historical data snapshots that describe past operational states of a specific system. The processor(s) identify a time series pattern for the time series of data in the multiple historical snapshots and calculate their variability. The processor(s) then determine that the variability in a first sub-set of the time series pattern is larger than a predefined value, and determine that future values of the first set of the time series pattern are a set of non-forecastable future values. The processor(s) also determine that the variability in a second sub-set of the time series pattern for the data is smaller than the predefined value, and utilizes this second sub-set to modify the specific system at a current time.

Abstract: A method for base station handover includes: receiving a Handover Request message sent by a mobility management entity (MME), to which a destination base station is connected, via an S1 interface, wherein the Handover Request message carries indication information for establishing a data radio bearer (DRB) of a UAV; sending a Handover Request Acknowledge message to the MME via the S1 interface, so that the MME sends a Handover Command message to a source base station of the UAV; establishing a signaling radio bearer (SRB) for the UAV after receiving a random-access request sent by the UAV; and establishing the DRB for the UAV based on the indication information.

Abstract: A base station includes: a transmitter configured to transmit an operation signal for a remote control; and a controller that is coupled to the transmitter, wherein the controller is configured to execute a setting process that includes setting, with regard to transmission of the operation signal, a service class for the remote control, wherein the service class for the remote control includes a Packet Delay Budget (PDB) which is set to 5 milliseconds, and execute a control process that includes controlling, in accordance with the service class, the operation signal to be transmitted via the transmitter, wherein the transmitter is configured to transmit the operation signal by using the service class that is set to the operation signal and information associated with the operation signal, wherein the information relates to a first attribute value that is different from a value of at least one attribute associated with the service class.

Abstract: This specification provides a method for performing early data transmission in a random access procedure in a wireless communication system. More specifically, the method performed by a user equipment (UE) includes: receiving, from a base station, a control message including first information indicating whether selection for a second transport size (TBS) smaller than a first TBS for message 3 is permitted and second information for the first TBS; transmitting, to the base station, a request for the EDT by using message 1; receiving, from the base station, message 2 including a UL grant for the message 3; determining a repetition number for the message 3 based on the control message and the UL grant; and transmitting the message 3 to the base station by the repetition number. Therefore, there is an effect that battery consumption of the UE can be reduced.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the system identifies one or more geographic areas covered by a communication network. The system determines, for each identified geographic area, a congestion metric for the identified geographic area based at least on a difference between a first and second reference point on a network speed curve, wherein the network speed curve represents download speeds for a volume of traffic in the identified geographic area. The system identifies one or more network traffic congestions in one or more of the identified geographic areas based on a comparison of the respective congestion metrics of the identified geographic areas to a threshold congestion metric. The system sends, to one or more operators of the communication network, one or more alerts about the identified network traffic congestions.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure describe techniques and configurations for triggering transmission of data payloads in a wireless communication network. An apparatus may include one or more computer-readable media having instructions and one or more processors coupled with the one or more computer-readable media and configured to execute the instructions to implement an interworking function (IWF) to receive, from a Machine Type Communication (MTC) server, a trigger request to trigger sending of a data payload over a wireless communication network, the data payload being smaller than a preconfigured threshold, and send, in response to the trigger request over a reference point to a module including a Mobility Management Entity (MME) or a Serving GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Support Node (SGSN), a trigger notification to trigger sending of the data payload over the wireless communication network.

Abstract: A method for reducing delay during a link switchover is disclosed. The method comprises determining whether transmission of data in progress is a segmented data transmission, and detecting whether there is a link switchover. If there is a link switchover, the method generates new link characteristic header information for a data packet, and determines a segmentation of the data packet based on the new link characteristic header information. The method then generates segmentation header information for the data packet, and transmits the data packet over a current link.

Abstract: A method for responding to a failure of a main die of a switch data-plane device, the method may include applying a secondary packet forwarding process by multiple chiplets, following the failure of the main die and during at least a part of an execution of a synchronous graceful process that follows the failure of the main die; wherein the multiple chiplets are interconnected to each other by a secondary interconnect; wherein the multiple chiplets and are coupled to the main die by a primary interconnect; wherein the applying of the secondary packet forwarding process is less complex than a primary forwarding process applied by the main die while the main die is functional.

Abstract: A non-transitory processor-readable medium storing code representing instructions to be executed by a processor can cause the processor to receive an indication to load balance a group of sessions associated with a network node and a switch across a group of links between a gateway device and the switch at a first time. The code causes the processor to calculate at a second time, a load based on the group of sessions and associated with a first set of links in an active configuration before the first time. The code causes the processor to send a signal to cause a set of sessions from the group of sessions to re-establish themselves at a third time based on a threshold value calculated based on the load such that the set of sessions are load balanced across a second set of links in the active configuration at the third time.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention provide a forwarding element that can be configured through in-band data-plane messages from a remote controller that is a physically separate machine from the forwarding element. The forwarding element of some embodiments has data plane circuits that include several configurable message-processing stages, several storage queues, and a data-plane configurator. A set of one or more message-processing stages of the data plane are configured (1) to process configuration messages received by the data plane from the remote controller and (2) to store the configuration messages in a set of one or more storage queues. The data-plane configurator receives the configuration messages stored in the set of storage queues and configures one or more of the configurable message-processing stages based on configuration data in the configuration messages.

Abstract: A wireless communication system has an access point managing a first wireless local area network. To transmit the frame, the access point: obtains data to be transmitted in multicast mode; obtains data to be transmitted in unicast mode; and constructs a physical-layer header including: in a common signalling field, an identification of each channel resource intended to be used for making the frame transmission, whether this be for the data to be transmitted in unicast mode or in multicast mode; and, in each field in a series of specific signalling fields, information representing an association between a channel resource identifier used and a unique identifier of the destination concerned or group of destinations concerned. Thus each destination can determine each channel resource to listen to in order to receive the data that are addressed to it, whether this be in unicast mode or in multicast mode.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for the Internet of things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for handling message A retransmission during 2 step random access procedures.

Abstract: Playback devices may receive video content and an age of a playlist associated with the video content. A playback device may use the age of the playlist to schedule output of video fragments of the video content. The playback device may adjust the output of the video content until an actual output time of a video fragment is substantially the same as the scheduled output time for the video fragment.

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter is directed towards a clear channel assessment procedure based on a common preamble, such as for use with 3GPP and IEEE 802.11 technologies, or any other radio technology, including for use in the 6 GHz band. Detection of the common preamble is based on detecting known sequences in signal part, which can be detected without decoding the preamble's payload (channel) part to determine an ongoing transmission's duration. If an ongoing transmission is detected, subsequent energy detection monitoring is performed to determine when transmission ends, which can use a different energy detection threshold from what is used in the initial clear channel assessment's energy detection. The technology facilitates the usage of different sampling rates by different radio technologies that work concurrently in the same unlicensed band, by correlating a received preamble with a stored preamble that accounts for deterministic distortions arising from the different sampling rates.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a network apparatus for designing collision avoidance and a method for controlling the same. The network apparatus for designing collision avoidance includes a plurality of controllers, and a main controller configured to generate a plurality of transmission schedule tables on the basis of transmission data for the plurality of controllers, perform real-time monitoring, and select and change one of the plurality of the transmission schedule tables for collision avoidance.

Abstract: A communication quality evaluation device includes: a storage unit configured to store permission relationship information indicating a relationship between a plurality of first objective indicators indicating communication quality, and use continuation possibility information indicating whether a user will continue use in the case of each of the first objective indicators; an indicator acquisition unit configured to acquire a second objective indicator at a point in time at which the communication quality evaluation device makes a determination; and a permission determination unit configured to determine, using the second objective indicator acquired by the indicator acquisition unit and with reference to the permission relationship information stored in the storage unit, whether the user will continue use on the basis of the result of the referencing.

Abstract: A network device adds a fixed value to a congestion threshold (CT) when a first period ends. Detects whether a difference obtained by subtracting average traffic load of a queue in the first period from average traffic load of the queue in a second period is greater than a target increase value, sets the CT based on a detection result when the second period ends, where the first period is previous to the second period; marks a received packet when a quantity of packets buffered in the queue is greater than the CT, enqueues the marked packet and sends the marked packet to a receiving device.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described herein, which provide a network element comprising a network port to receive production network data that is used for purposes other than testing the performance of a network, a data plane coupled to the network port, the data plane including a timing module to append a time stamp to a set of one or more time stamps included within the production network data, and a control plane coupled to the data plane, the control plane including a latency analyzer to analyze the set of one or more time stamps included within the production network data.