Abstract: A vestigial sideband (VSB) modulation transmission system and, a method for encoding an input signal in the system are disclosed. According to the present invention, the VSB transmission system includes a convolutional encoder for encoding an input signal, a trellis-coded modulation (TCM) encoder for encoding the convolutionally encoded signal, and a signal mapper mapping the trellis-coded signal to generate a corresponding output signal. Different types of the convolutional encoders are explored, and the experimental results showing the performances of the VSB systems incorporating each type of encoders reveals that a reliable data transmission can be achieved even at a lower input signal to noise ratio when a convolutional encoder is used as an error-correcting encoder in a VSB system.

Abstract: Binary arithmetic decoding methods and apparatus are provided. A first decoded bit and a first set of decoding parameters are generated using a previously generated set of decoding parameters. A second decoded bit and a second set of decoding parameters are generated using the first set of decoding parameters. If the first decoded bit is a last bit of a syntax element, the second set of decoding parameters is disregarded in generating subsequent decoded bits. The generation of the first and second decoded bits and determination of whether the first decoded bit is a last bit of a syntax element, e.g., a de-binarizing operation, may be pipelined such that the determination of whether the first decoded bit is a last bit of a syntax element occurs concurrent with and/or after generation of the second decoded bit and the second set of decoding parameters.

Abstract: A system and method of switching from a first receiver receiving a constant bit rate signal to a second receiver receiving the constant bit rate signal, where the constant bit rate signal received by the first and second receivers is converted to a first baseband signal and a second baseband signal comprising estimating a signal quality metric of the first baseband signal, comparing the signal quality metric to a predetermined threshold, and switching from the first baseband signal to the second baseband signal if the signal quality metric is greater than the threshold.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a serial transmission device for reducing instantaneous current including an input terminal for receiving serial data, a coding module coupled to the receiving terminal comprising a plurality of coding units in series for transforming the serial data to a plurality of coding results according to a plurality of coding schemes, and a plurality of output terminals respectively coupled to the plurality of coding units of the coding module for outputting the plurality of coding results.

Abstract: Binary data signal multi-line interval encoding and decoding arrangements supporting high speed data communications consistent with certain embodiments produce a signal having a plurality of pulses with a minimum pulse duration of T. The pulses are arranged in a signal pattern selected as one of M possible signal patterns of L bits transmitted over N time intervals, with each time interval being of T seconds in duration, to represent one of M possible message sequence, where M>2N. The plurality of pulses have transitions that occur at times falling between the boundaries of the time interval T. Embodiments may be implemented in hardware, with a computer executing a software program within, or with both. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Abstract: A decoding method is adapted to be implemented using a Context-based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC) decoding apparatus, and includes: initializing a plurality of context variables; storing the context variables; performing arithmetic decoding of a syntax element according to the context variables so as to output a decoded syntax element and an update signal; and updating at least one of the context variables according to the update signal. At least one of the context variables is pre-initialized in the initializing step before a bit stream ready.

Abstract: A communication system including a transmitter, a receiver, and a TMDS-like link, in which video data and auxiliary data (typically including timing data associated with other auxiliary data) are transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver, or in which video data are transmitted over the link from the transmitter to the receiver, and auxiliary data (typically including timing data associated with other auxiliary data) are transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter. In typical embodiments the auxiliary data include one or more streams of audio data.

Abstract: A method and a standard radio wave receiver for receiving a plurality of standard radio waves respectively having signal configurations in accordance with respective specifications which define carrier channels and formats and for decoding time code signals carried by the standard radio waves. The method extracts at least part of a bit waveform common to the specifications as a extracted signal from a waveform of each of the time code signals given by each of the carrier channels, synchronizes bits to each of the time code signals in accordance with the extracted signal, determines an evaluation index indicating good or bad of a reception condition for each of the carrier channels from the bit waveform, and selects a single channel from the carrier channels in accordance with the evaluation index.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for pulse communications using precision timing. A method includes digitally pulse coding a data stream; and modulating a carrier signal using the digitally pulse coded data stream.

Abstract: A transmitter system that transfers digital data on a fixed frequency channel of a radio frequency band in the presence of interference from at least one FHSS interference source includes a time diversity generation circuit. The time diversity circuit compacts a duration of data frames then replicate the time compressed data frames. The duplicated time compressed frames of data are transmitted to a communication receiver that has a time diversity data recovery circuit.

Abstract: Certain aspects of a method and system for implementing a codec may comprise at least one of inverse discrete cosine transforming windowed data corresponding to a plurality of input audio samples during encoding by a Bluetooth subband codec and discrete cosine transforming shifted subband samples during decoding by the Bluetooth subband codec. The input audio samples may be reconstructed from the discrete cosine transforming of the shifted subband samples. The inverse discrete cosine transforming may be executed during a matrix operation of the encoding. The discrete cosine transforming may be executed during a matrix operation of the decoding. The input audio samples may be windowed during the encoding via a plurality of delay lines. A vector may be generated during a matrix operation of the decoding. The audio data associated with the generated vector may be windowed by a plurality of filter coefficients via a plurality of delay lines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a digital communication architecture based upon the concept of time encoding. In one aspect, systems provide time-encoding-based digital communication, the systems comprising a transmitter, a communication channel, and a receiver. In another aspect, methods for digital communication comprise time encoding digital input data and then transmitting the resultant asynchronous pulse signal to a receiver that converts the asynchronous pulse signal back into digital symbols. Methods of providing a digital communication link can include (i) providing digital symbols, (ii) time encoding the digital symbols to generate asynchronous pulse signals, (iii) communicating switching times of the signals to a receiver, and (iv) digitizing in parallel and reconstructing the digital symbols. The methods and systems of the invention can utilize existing chip-scale circuit technologies and can be characterized by link capacities of 50 Gbit/sec, 100 Gbit/sec, 200 Gbit/sec, or higher.

Abstract: A modulator being made small in size, low in costs, low in power consumption, small in heat generation and spurious signals. The modulator includes multipliers (101, 102) for code-modulating received transmission data (D(n), C(n)), and outputting the modulated data, a control channel gain factor signal generator (106) for generating a gain control signal, a control channel gain factor signal generator (107), and weighting coefficient setting signal generators (108, 109) for receiving the output of the complex-number computing section (120) and controlling the gains of the raised cosine filters (110 to 113).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for encrypting and compressing multimedia data, which transforms and compresses multimedia data through an encryption key in a process of compressing the multimedia data to record and transmit the data, and encrypts the multimedia data to allow the data to be decoded using only the encryption key. The method includes creating Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients by applying input multimedia data to a DCT unit, and quantizing the DCT coefficients; encrypting and compressing transformed Differential Coefficients (DC coefficient) and transformed Amplitude Coefficients (AC coefficient) by transforming encoded DC and AC coefficients depending on a certain encryption key at the time of entropy encoding quantized DC and AC coefficients of the quantized DCT coefficients; and Huffmann coding the encrypted DC and AC coefficients and outputting the coded DC and AC coefficients.

Abstract: Disclosed is an operation method of a base station antenna system, which includes receiving signals from at least two antennas to which a mono-pulse scheme has been applied; operating sum channel weight vectors for increasing a gain of signals incident to a specific direction and difference channel weight vectors for causing a gain of signals incident to a specific direction to be zero; applying the sum channel weight vectors and the difference channel weight vectors to the received signals, and outputting predetermined signals; and obtaining beam patterns of a sum channel and a difference channel, to which the weight vectors have been applied, by means of a direction of interest, calculating a mono-pulse ratio by means of the beam patterns, and estimating the direction of a mobile station by means of the mono-pulse ratio, and output of the sum channel and output of the difference channel to which the weight vectors have been applied.

Abstract: An input signal INDATA inputted to a sender-side interface portion is encoded by an encoder, and a transmission signal generated by the encoding is transmitted to a receiver-side interface portion through two signal transmission lines. The input signal INDATA is encoded in such a manner that the logic level of the transmission signal transmitted through at least one of the two signal transmission lines is changed in any two consecutive elementary periods. The receiver-side interface portion is provided with a clock receiver, and a clock signal is generated based on the change of the transmission signals supplied from the two signal transmission lines.

Abstract: A pulse transmitter having a relatively simple structure and generating a pulse modulating signal even at a high transmission rate. In the pulse transmitter, a symbol pulse generating part (103) generates a symbol pulse of amplitude level ? when data S1 is “0,” and that of amplitude level &ggr; when data S1 is “1” in the first pulse slot section, the data pulse generating part (104) generates a data pulse of amplitude level 0 when data S2 to Sn is “0,” and that of amplitude level ? when data S2 to Sn is “1” in a later pulse slot section. The relationship of the amplitude levels keep the relation ?<?<&ggr. An adder (105) adds the symbol pulse and the data pulse and outputs the sum as a pulse modulating signal.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are described for providing predictive adaptive communications. Embodiments include a network access unit, in communication with multiple data terminals, and adapted to determine geospatial and other network data (e.g., current capability and position information relating to a designated one of the data terminals, map data, etc.), and to generate a link condition prediction as a function of the network data. The network access unit may then adaptively encode source data (e.g., using adaptive coding and modulation of hierarchically pre-coded data) to preempt impacts of changing link conditions on communications with the designated data terminal as a function of the link condition prediction.

Abstract: A NICAM system includes a NICAM deframer, a FIFO buffer and a symbol rate conversion (SRC) unit. The NICAM deframer obtains multiple deinterleaved symbols according to a strobe signal and a data signal in each timing and expands the deinterleaved symbols to corresponding multiple pulse code modulation (PCM) symbols. The FIFO buffer temporarily stores the symbols and outputs the PCM symbols at a local timing, rate. The SRC unit determines whether a SRC function is enabled according to the statuses of the symbols in the FIFO buffer every a constant time interval. When the SRC function is enabled, the SRC unit interpolates the PCM symbols to obtain multiple new PCM symbols and outputs the new PCM symbols at the local timing rate.

Abstract: A micro-controller is connected between a hardware-based adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM) decoder and a read only memory (ROM) storing both micro-controller programming instructions and ADPCM encoded source file data. A micro-controller architecture implements time multiplexed ROM addressing driven by a two phase clock signal. In an instruction phase, a program counter supplies ROM address(es) for retrieving micro-controller programming instructions. In a decoder phase, an address counter supplies ROM address(es) for retrieving portions of the ADPCM encoded source file data. ADPCM encoded source file data extracted from the ROM in the decoder phase of the clock signal is delivered to the decoder for processing during the subsequent instruction phase of the clock signal. The selection between program counter and address counter supplied addresses for application to the ROM is made by a two phase clock signal driven multiplexer.

Abstract: Space-time codes are developed for multi-radii AM-PSK constellations. Further, a “super-unified” space-time code construction is developed that incorporates multi-radii AM-PSK codes with the Lu-Kumar unified codes. The multi-radii space-time codes achieve the rate-diversity tradeoff—that is, the codes transmits information at the maximum rate possible for the given signaling constellation and the achieved transmit diversity level.

Abstract: The present invention provides a serial data decoder without capacitor that can be made in the form of an integrated circuit without any additional external device. The integrated serial data decoder comprises a clock generator, a frame detector and a channel decoder. Demodulated serial data are inputted for being converted into parallel data periodically and repeatedly.

Abstract: Provided is a communication system which exploits status information expressed in the shift time of a code series. A code type transmitting device 1 for converting input data into the shift time of a code pulse train and transmitting the shift time comprises means 80 for generating a synchronizing signal to trap or hold a synchronism, means 50 for generating a sequential pulse train at a timing based on the synchronizing signal, means 70 for generating such a data code pulse train sequentially with the sequential pulse train as has a shift time determined according to the input data, and means 70 for generating and sending out a transmission signal, with the signal which is based on a transmission signal generating pulse train containing a fundamental pulse train having at least the data code pulse train.

Abstract: A multi-scale spike detector for performing multi-resolution spike detections of a signal is provided. The spike detector includes a gamma filter having cascaded low-pass filters. The cascaded filters collectively provide different cutoff frequencies, each of the filters having a respective output. One of the filters has an input, at which the signal is received. The spike detector further includes combining circuitry that combines at least some of the respective outputs of the cascaded filters. The differences formed from this combining provide a waveform representation of the input signal. The waveform representation consists essentially of spikes that occur in the signal.

Abstract: A system and method of generating an output signal includes a receiving system generating a plurality of signals having a first format, an encoder 162 encoding the plurality of signals into a plurality of transport streams and a multiplexer 210. The system also includes a local area network 130 routing the plurality of transport streams to the multiplexer 210 to form a combined signal, a modulator 214 modulating the combined signal to form a modulated signal and a system 202 forming the output signal from the modulated signal. In one aspect, the output signals may be satellite uplink signals.

Abstract: The invention related to a modulator for a communications system. The modulator comprises a spread spectrum coder, a pulse code modulator having a signal input port connectable to a signal output port of the spread spectrum coder. The modulator performs a robust and error free modulation and coding scheme by using a modified spread spectrum scheme combined with pulse code modulation. The communication system contains a low data rate, noise robust modulation and coding scheme using a very simple transmitter. This results in a very straightforward transmitter circuit, reducing size and costs of the transmitter.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for receiving data in a communication system including a communication module and a memory. The communication module may compress data received from an external system by using a first data compression/decompression block, and may transfer the compressed data to the data bus. The memory may decompress the compressed data received from the data bus using the second data compression/decompression block, and may store the decompressed data in the memory. Also, the memory may compress data to be transmitted using the second data compression/decompression block and may transfer the compressed data to the data bus. The communication module may decompress the compressed data received from the data bus using the first data compression/decompression block, and may transmit the decompressed data to the external system.

Abstract: A statistical multiplexer for coding and multiplexing multiple channels of digital television data, or multiple panels of HDTV digital television data. A bit rate need parameter is determined for each encoder in a stat mux group, and an encoding bit rate is allocated to each channel based on its need parameter. A transmission bit rate is allocated to each channel as a time-lagged version of its need parameter to minimize a rate mismatch between the output and the input of a decoder buffer. A packet processor checks for impending decoder buffer overflow or underflow events to set minimum and maximum limits on the transmission bit rate. Moreover, these limits are set based on whether a new transmission bit rate can be implemented before the decoding time stamp (DTS) of the current or next frame.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for controlling a buffer in a digital audio broadcasting (DAB) communication system. An audio encoder marks a frame as “dropped” whenever a buffer overflow might occur. Only a small number of bits are utilized to process a lost frame, thereby preventing the buffer from overflowing and allowing the encoder buffer-level to quickly recover from the potential overflow condition. The audio encoder optionally sets a flag that provides an indication to the receivers that a frame has been lost. If a “frame lost” condition is detected by a receiver, the receiver can optionally employ mitigation techniques to reduce the impact of the lost frame(s).

Abstract: A sensor circuit includes an analog-to-digital converter, a control circuit, a calculation circuit, and a pulse width modulation converter. The analog-to-digital converter converts an electric signal associated with a detected physical quantity to sensor data by sampling the electric signal a predetermined sampling number times per a predetermined sampling section. The control circuit determines the sampling number based on a magnitude of the electric signal. The calculation circuit calculates an average value of all the sensor data per the sampling section. The pulse width modulation converter generates a pulse width modulation signal having a pulse width corresponding to the average value.

Abstract: A method determines a duration of a frame in an impulse radio system for radio ranging. Channel state information of a channel between two transceivers is estimated periodically. A signal to noise and interference ratio is also estimated periodically. The frame duration of the frame is then determined according to the channel state information and the signal to noise and interference ratio.

Abstract: Pulse modulation is used in many forms and generally consists of a pulse of radio energy, that can be as simple as On-Off Keying (OOK) to more complex systems like Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) and even more advanced systems. In this application a system and method of adding complexity to the transmission system known as pulse modulation by placing one or more notches in the radio pulse spectrum at the transmitter to indicate a combination of bits or symbols is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preamble detection in mobile unit to base unit wireless telephony sets a preamble detection threshold based upon a Beaulieu series computation dependent upon preamble correlation data. This preamble detection threshold adjusts for noise by assuming the noise is additive White Gaussian noise (AWGN) with a known variance. The method determines the threshold for achieving a probability of false detection of the preamble from noise input of less than 0.001.

Abstract: A digital wireless communications device enabling call distance to be increased while avoiding mute processing as far as possible, even if code error occurs in an ADPCM code. The digital wireless communications device may be configured to include: an error detector for detecting code error in an ADPCM code received via a wireless circuit; an ADPCM decoder for generating a PCM signal by decoding the ADPCM code; and a substitution unit for determining that a click noise is generated if the high-speed scale factor and the low-speed scale factor determined by the ADPCM decoder within a predetermined time period after the error detector has judged that there is a code error in the ADPCM code, and the received ADPCM code itself, respectively exceed prescribed threshold values, and for substituting the ADPCM code with a predetermined prescribed code.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a network receiver for receiving an over-the-air in-band on-channel broadcast signal and extracting broadcast content from the broadcast signal, and an output for delivering the content by way of a first receiver output signal to a plurality of network player devices. A method performed by the apparatus is also included.

Abstract: A circuit and method for cochlear implant telemetry where digital data is encoded into an RF signal. The RF signal is applied via a rectifier diode to a first switch matrix S1 and a second switch matrix S2, with S1 being coupled to a first sampling capacitor C1 and S2 being coupled to a second sampling capacitor C2. A local oscillator signal with period T is applied that controls S1 and S2, cyclically coupling C1 and C2 to the RF signal, a first input to a comparator, and ground. The comparator compares the first input to a DC reference voltage. The output of the comparator is then sampled via a flip flop clocked by the local oscillator, with the flip flop outputting a data bit stream representative of the envelope of the RF signal having encoded information.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of digital data conversion. The method includes binding input digital data into unit blocks constituted by a plurality of bytes, modulation-coding each byte of the input data blocks by using a code conversion table, and allocating a merging bit in block unit for the modulation-coded input data in block unit.

Abstract: A decoding method is carried out in a receiver configured to accept format information relating to sequences of input data, to use format information in the decoding of each input sequence, and to issue an acknowledgement signal in the event that an input sequence is successfully decoded. The method involves receiving a format message pertaining to a new input sequence, searching a candidate set of format indices an index best satisfying a criterion for matching to the format message, and selecting the index giving the best match. Before searching, the receiver reads the acknowledgement signals issued in response to the decoding or attempted decoding of recent input sequences. If the acknowledgement signals satisfy an appropriate condition, the search is limited to fewer than all the indices in the candidate set. The format information that corresponds to the selected index is used in decoding the new input sequence.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for transmitting a waveform having a controllable attenuation and propagation velocity. An exemplary method comprises: generating an exponential waveform, the exponential waveform (a) being characterized by the equation Vin=De?ASD[x?vSDt], where D is a magnitude, Vin is a voltage, t is time, ASD is an attenuation coefficient, and vSD is a propagation velocity; and (b) being truncated at a maximum value. An exemplary apparatus comprises: an exponential waveform generator; an input recorder coupled to an output of the exponential waveform generator; a transmission line under test coupled to the output of the exponential waveform generator; an output recorder coupled to the transmission line under test; an additional transmission line coupled to the transmission line under test; and a termination impedance coupled to the additional transmission line and to a ground.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mobile terminal equipped with a smart card coupled with an RFID tag and a method for performing an RFID function in the mobile terminal. The smart card includes a user information processing section for storing user information and generating a user information signal including user information, an RFID information processing section for storing RFID data and generating an RFID signal including the RFID data, and a main calculating section connected to the user information processing section in order to control a generation and a transmission of the user information signal and connected to the RFID information processing section order to command a generation and a transmission of the RFID signal. When the RFID tag detects an approach of an RFID interrogator, the RFID tag requests a CPU of the smart card to perform the RFID function. Thus, the CPU of the smart card transmits a mode transition signal to a processor of the mobile terminal in order to indicate a mode transition into an RFID mode.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement maintain end-to-end synchronization on a telecommunications connection transmitting data in frames substantially in real time and using synchronized end-to-end encryption, wherein at least a part of the telecommunications connection is a packet-switched connection, in which case the reproduction delay of the data to be transmitted can be increased by adding one or more extra frames to the frame string being transmitted, wherein the arrangement defines, based on the number of received frames, an initialization vector value corresponding to a frame received at the receiving end of the telecommunications connection and used in decrypting the frame, adjusts the reproduction delay to mark the frame to be added to increase the reproduction delay as an extra frame, and defines the initialization vector value to count only the frames not marked as extra frames in the number of received frames.

Abstract: We describe a voltage level coding system and method. The voltage level coding system includes a level encoder having an input to receive data segments coded using a first code and an output to supply second data codes indicating one of 2N plus at least one additional voltage level to which each data segment is assigned. A converter converts the second data codes into such voltage levels. A controller output supplies the voltage levels. A method for coding digital data includes determining a first data transition, generating a code that includes at least one additional level that minimizes data skew in the first data transition, and coding the first data transition with the additional level in the code.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method can be arranged for coding and/or decoding with a phase invariant coding scheme that is useful for short burst signaling devices. 10-bit data is mapped into a 12-bit data with a non-coherent burst code mapper. A parity generator creates a 12-bit parity data to form a 24-bit extended binary Golay code from the 12-bit data. The values for selected bit fields in the 12-bit data and 12-bit parity data are swapped to generate I and Q data such that sensitivity to changes in rotational phase is removed. I and Q data can be used by a transmitter to transmit a rotationally-invariant signal. On receipt, I and Q signals can be recovered, reverse swapped to generate the parity and data signals, and remapped to recover the transmitted 10-bit data. The receiver can also be arranged to use a soft decoding method for improved signal integrity.

Abstract: With audio data reduction on the basis of ISO/IEC standard 11172-3, a frame length varying by 8 bits is used at a sampling frequency of 44.1 kHz in order to arrive, on average, at a particular fixed data rate. The lengthening of a data frame is signalled by a padding bit in the header of the frames. The invention dispenses with evaluation of the padding bit. Instead, the mean frame length L is calculated, L is rounded down to the next integer, for the subsequent frame it is first established whether the expected sync word for this frame appears, and, if this is so, this frame is decoded without taking into account the padding bit, but if the expected sync word for this frame does not appear, the decoding of the frame is started one 8-bit later without taking into account the padding bit.

Abstract: A stream of bits are received in a first integrated circuit (IC) device, where the stream represents a sequence of symbols transmitted by a second IC device over a serial point to point link that couples the two devices. First and second M-bit sections of the stream are compared to a non-data symbol. The second M-bit section is offset by one bit in the stream relative to the first section. If there is a match between the first section and the non-data symbol, then a flag indicating symbol alignment is asserted. Each of multiple, consecutive, non overlapping M-bit sections that follow the first section are then to be treated as separate symbols. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Abstract: A technique is proposed to accurately estimate the Network CODEC levels for each PCM code a server modem generates. These levels are affected by the digital impairments such as Digital attenuation PAD in the trunk, the Robbed Bit Signaling, the type of CODEC (?-law or a-law—or non standard), and by analog impairments such as loop distortion, noise, inter-modulation distortion, echo. At client modem equalizer output good estimates for these levels are derived. By detecting RBS pattern of the trunk, and using averages of decode levels of similar RBS slots, more accurate data points are obtained. By further replacing these levels with the closest CODEC receive levels, good accuracy is obtained. Non-monotonic points are detected and eliminated. An upper limit is set for constellation points to avoid saturation of the receiver. IMD correction is applied to the decode levels. Ideal points that are not signaled, are added if possible.

Abstract: A DPCM operation which can reduce the size of differential data and a method and an apparatus for encoding data using the DPCM operation are provided. A method for generating differential data includes generating differential data by performing a DPCM operation on quantized data and generating predicted differential data by performing a predicted DPCM operation on the quantized data, generating circular-quantized differential data and circular-quantized predicted differential data by performing a circular quantization operation on the differential data and the predicted differential data so as to reduce their ranges, and selecting one of the circular-quantized differential data and the circular-quantized predicted differential data depending on their magnitudes.

Abstract: In a mobile communication system, a coding apparatus receives 5 information bits and generates a code symbol stream comprised of 20 coded symbols. The coding apparatus generates 5 coded symbol streams having a length 32 by encoding the 5 individual information bits with different Walsh codes having a length 32, and generates a coded symbol stream comprised of 32 coded symbols by XORing the 5 coded symbol streams in a symbol unit. Further, the coding apparatus generates a code symbol stream comprised of 20 coded symbols by puncturing 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, and 30th coded symbols among the 32 coded symbols.

Abstract: An L-channel signal and an R-channel signal are input into a subtractor in which the difference between the L-channel signal and the R-channel signal is determined. The resulting signal is input into first and second multipliers. In the first multiplier, a mixed output signal is generated by using the channel mixture ratio calculated in a previous frame. In the second multiplier, a mixed output signal is generated by using the channel mixture ratio calculated in a current frame. The mixed output signals from the first and second multipliers respectively undergo spectrum transform in first and second spectrum transformers, and quantized in first and second quantizers. A comparator compares a quantization error in the first quantizer with that in the second quantizer. If the quantization error in the second quantizer is greater than that in the first quantizer by a predetermined factor, the comparator controls a switch to select the output of the first quantizer.

Abstract: A transmitting method of digital data whereby information data can be reproduced at a high precision. In order to retain digital data in sectors comprising a plurality of sync frames and sequentially transmit, the sync frame is comprised of the sync signal and the run length limited code which satisfies the limitations of the minimum run length and the maximum run length, and the sync signal includes the sync pattern constituted by a bit pattern of a run length that is longer than the maximum run length by only 3T and addition bit patterns which are arranged before and after the bit pattern and each of which has a urn length that is longer than the minimum run length. The sync signal includes a specific code which indicates a position in the sector and which enables the DC control to be performed.