Abstract: A fluidic system and method includes a channel reservoir which holds 1.5 milliliters or less of fluid. The agitation mechanism, which is partially integrated with the channel or reservoir, includes a fiber or rod at least partially situated within the channel or reservoir, and which acts to move or vibrate to stir and/or agitate fluid within the channel or reservoir. The fluid is then extracted from an extraction area following the agitation or stirring operation.

Abstract: The plate reactor includes a rotatable plate coated with a thin film containing an active photocatalytic nanocomposite. In use, the plate is partially submerged in polluted water so that a portion thereof is exposed to air and light. The exposed areas of the plate gains oxygen from the air, which reacts with the photo-promoted electrons from the coating. This results in the formation of very reactive superoxide radical ions (O2?) and/or the generation of hydroxyl radicals (.OH), either of which can oxidize targeted organic matter and pollutants in wastewater when the exposed area is submerged during rotation of the plate, thus purifying the water. A plurality of paddles radially extend from the edge of the plate to mix the water during rotation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for reacting a natural oil with a short chain alcohol in the presence of alkaline catalyst, in which a mixture of natural oil, short chain alcohol and alkaline catalyst is fed in one direction along a pipe reactor under transitional or turbulent conditions, so that the reactants are mixed in a direction normal to the flow direction to a greater degree than in a direction parallel to the flow direction or so that the reactants are mixed in a direction normal to the flow direction, such that the time taken for 90% of the elements of fluid to pass through the reactor is within 20% of the mean residence time of reactant in the reactor. There is also provided a ship, comprising means for storing a raw material used in the synthesis of biodiesel, a plant for the synthesis of biodiesel and means for storing the biodiesel synthesized.

Abstract: To provide a method for catalytically cracking waste plastics wherein the efficiency in decomposition is high; even polyethylene composed of linear chain molecules difficult in decomposition is decomposable at a low temperature and decomposed residue is hardly produced; the process is simple since dechlorination can be achieved at the same time with catalytically cracking waste plastics in one reaction vessel; and oil fractions can be recovered at 50% or more on a net yield basis. The method for catalytically cracking waste plastics of the present invention has a constitution in which waste plastics are loaded as a raw material into a granular FCC catalyst heated to a temperature range from 350° C. to 500° C. inside a reaction vessel, thereby decomposing and gasifying the waste plastics in contact with the FCC catalyst.

Abstract: A compact device for mixing fluids in a downflow reactor comprising at least one substantially horizontal gathering device provided with a vertical gathering line intended to receive the fluids, at least one injection device arranged in the gathering line, an annular mixing chamber located downstream from the gathering means in the direction of circulation of the fluids, the mixing chamber comprising an inlet end directly connected to the gathering line and an outlet end for passage of the fluids, and a horizontal predistribution plate comprising at least one chimney, the plate being located downstream from the mixing chamber at a distance d2, in the direction of circulation of the fluids. The reactor is especially useful for exothermic reactions, e.g. hydrotreatment, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrocracking, hydrogenation and hydrodearomatization reactions.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon-containing gas is mixed with an oxygen gas in a gas mixer in the presence of coarse water droplet environment, e.g., a ‘rainy’ or ‘driving rainstorm’ environment in which the water droplets generally have a size greater than 200 microns SMD. The water droplets surround and contact entrained particles in either the oxygen gas stream or the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream. The water acts to suppress, prevent and quench ignition of the hydrocarbon gas in the mixer which would otherwise be caused by energetic collisions between such particles and structures within the gas mixer. In one configuration the gas mixer includes water pipes having coarse water droplet-producing nozzles at the peripheral end thereof concentrically located within oxygen supply pipes. Additionally, nozzles introduce coarse water droplets into a pipe carrying the hydrocarbon gas and forming a mixing chamber for the hydrocarbon and oxygen gases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hole-jetting type reactor and its applications, in particular to a process for the production of isocyanates by the phosgenation of aliphatic or aromatic diamines or triamines in the gas phase using this reactor. The present invention achieves a good mixing and reacting result of the gas-phase phosgenation reaction at a high temperature by improving the mixing of reactants in the reactor to reduce the possibility of forming swirls and eliminate negative pressure produced at a local jet area, which can finally reduce back-mixing and formation of solid by-products.

Abstract: Reactor for carrying out chemical and physical materials transformations, which comprises a reaction space enclosed by a reactor housing, where the reactor housing has at least two lateral fluid inlets having adjustably mounted nozzles which include an angle of about 20-160 degrees and through which fluid jets which impinge on one another at a common collision point within the reaction space are passed and the reactor has a fluid outlet at the bottom of the reaction space, which is characterized in that—an exchangeable bottom plate•which has a hole as fluid outlet and•on which moveably supported spheres are located so as to block the original path of the individual fluid jets in the unaligned state rests on the bottom of the reaction space and—a half shell standing upright on the bottom of the reaction space is located between each moveably supported sphere and the wall of the reactor space and—bottom plate, half shell and moveably supported spheres comprise one or more hard materials.

Abstract: A system for generating a tissue construct includes a mixing chamber, a piston chamber, a reaction chamber, and a pump. The mixing chamber is configured to receive a hydrogel solution and a cell suspension solution. The piston chamber includes a first piston and is configured to receive a mixture of the hydrogel solution and the cell suspension solution from the mixing chamber. The first piston is configured to push the mixture through one or more capillaries into the reaction chamber. The reaction is configured to receive the mixture and a cross-linking initiator. The pump is configured to move the mixture through the reaction chamber such that the mixture and the cross-linking initiator combine to form an encapsulated cell material.

Abstract: A continuous method and a production device for producing hydrolysis-resistant stable ionic titanium (Ti4+) are provided. The method comprises six steps: (i) carrying out a redox reaction between metal titanium and excess strong acid; (ii) carrying out primary chelation; (iii) diluting; (iv) adjusting pH value for the first time; (v) carrying out secondary chelation; and (vi) adding microelement and adjusting pH value for a second time. The device includes a reaction kettle, multiple metering pumps, a chelation kettle, dilution tank, multiple precise mixing reaction kettles, a first chelator storage tank, a pure water storage tank, an alkali liquor storage tank, a second chelator storage tank, multiple microelements storage tanks, a control center, etc. The method uses a multi-point, spiral, reverse and atomization spraying technique synchronously to carry out digital fully automatic continuous production and reach the effect of elaborately mixing the material.

Abstract: A gas hydrate production apparatus capable of reacting a raw gas with a raw water to thereby form a slurry gas hydrate and capable of removing water from the slurry gas hydrate by means of a gravitational dewatering unit. The gravitational dewatering unit is one including a cylindrical first tower body; a cylindrical dewatering part disposed on top of the first tower body; a water receiving part disposed outside the dewatering part; and a cylindrical second tower body disposed on top of the dewatering part, wherein the cross-sectional area of the second tower body is continuously or intermittently increased upward from the bottom.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to equipment utilized to manufacture chemical agents, particularly biopharmaceuticals. In some embodiments, reactor systems comprising a mobile carriage assembly; a disposable reaction container removably attached to the carriage assembly; and, a carriage holder into which the mobile carriage assembly may be removably inserted are provided.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to a process, comprising: conducting unit operations in at least two process zones in a process microchannel to treat and/or form a non-Newtonian fluid, a different unit operation being conducted in each process zone; and applying an effective amount of shear stress to the non-Newtonian fluid to reduce the viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid in each process zone, the average shear rate in one process zone differing from the average shear rate in another process zone by a factor of at least about 1.2.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a method of fabricating a mixing chamber in a hydroprocessing reactor. The method can include providing a first section forming an opening and coupling a second section including a sidewall to the first section. The second section forms a flange for coupling the mixing chamber and facilitating the mixing of one or more fluids.

Abstract: A reaction apparatus which is used for conducting a gas-liquid chemical reaction in a state that a liquid is in a continuous phase, wherein its reactor has therein a shear type stirring impeller for dispersing a raw reaction gas or a carrier gas and a film-formed catalyst, which apparatus is capable of producing a target reaction product; and a process for producing a tertiary amine in such reaction apparatus.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing biodiesel fuel, i.e., alkyl ester, from vegetable and/or animal oil. A transesterification catalyst is prepared in a base catalyst tank by spraying alkyl alcohol under pressure through jets at metal hydroxide pellets until the pellets have fully reacted with the alcohol. The oil is heated and transesterified in the presence of alkyl alcohol and the transesterification catalyst in a closed, recirculating transesterification flow system under slight cavitation to yield product alkyl ester and product glycerol. Cavitation is achieved by permitting air to enter the transesterification flow system through an adjustable air inlet valve. When permitted to stand, product alkyl ester forms an upper layer that is decanted and subjected to purification steps, to remove particulates and alkyl alcohol from the product alkyl ester, and a lower layer of product glycerol is drained away.

Abstract: A microfluidic device that comprises several microchannel structures in which there are an inlet port, an outlet port and there between a structural unit comprising a fluidic function. The structural unit can be selected amongst units enabling a) retaining of nl-aliquots comprising constituents which has been defined by mixing of aliquots within the microfluidic device (unit A), b) mixing of aliquots of liquids (unit B), c) partition of larger aliquots of liquids into smaller aliquots of liquids and distributing the latter individually and in parallel to different microchannel structure of the same microfluidic device (unit C), d) quick penetration into a microchannel structure of an aliquot of a liquid dispensed to an inlet port of a microchannel structure (unit D), and e) volume definition integrated within a microchannel structure (unit E).

Abstract: The gas-phase fluorination of plastic articles is effected in a reaction chamber 1 into which the plastic articles to be fluorinated are introduced. The gas-phase fluorination is effected at normal or atmospheric ambient pressure of about 1 kPa in the reaction chamber. The gas-phase fluorination can be carried out statically or dynamically. The flushing carried out before the gas-phase fluorination for complete or partial removal of atmospheric oxygen from the reaction chamber 1 can also be effected at atmospheric pressure in the reaction chamber. The reaction chamber 1 is equipped with a cover 2 and metering valves V0, V1, V2 for air, inert gas and gas mixture comprising fluorine and one or more inert gases are present on the entrance side of the reaction chamber, which is not vacuum-tight and hence also cannot be evacuated. The metering valves are connected to the reaction chamber 1 via a flow meter 4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the continuous production of high-molecular polyesters by esterification of dicarboxylic acids and/or transesterification of dicarboxylic acid esters with diols and/or mixtures thereof in the presence of catalysts with formation of a prepolymer in a tower reactor and polycondensation thereof to form a high-molecular polyester in a polycondensation reactor, a prepolymer with >40 to 70 repeat units (DP) being produced in the tower reactor and this prepolymer being polycondensed in only one further reactor to form a polyester with >150 to 205 DP.

Abstract: Improvements to a triple helical flow vortex reactor improve the radio-transparent portion of the reactor. A central part is added thereto consisting of an electrically conductive, non-magnetic material. A movable electrode configured to controllably extend into a zone, discharge and retract. A protrusion on the wall optionally aids in the discharge. A feedstock injection unit includes nested pipes: an outer pipe conveys coolants and the inner pipe conveys feedstock. An additional fuel inlet may be connected to an additional reaction chamber connected in series to the reaction chamber. The central part may be porous permitting inward flow of fuel. Slots penetrating the inner wall of the central part enhance the introduction of magnetic and electric fields. An outer shell over the reaction chamber is configured to flow coolant over the outer wall of the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Provided here is an agitation vessel which enhances energy transmission efficiency in an agitation apparatus and an analysis apparatus, simplifies the structure of the agitation apparatus and the analysis apparatus, and allows for downsizing and improved maintenanceability. An agitation vessel (5) agitates retained liquid by sound waves. A sound wave generating member (24) which generates sound waves is provided integrally with the agitation vessel (5). The agitation vessel (5) includes a bottom wall (5d) and plural side walls (5c) made of an optically transparent material, and a part of the opposing side walls among the plural side walls (5c) is a photometric window (5b) that optically measures the liquid agitated. The sound wave generating member (24) is arranged on the side wall (5c), on which the photometric window (5b) is arranged, among the plural side walls (5c).

Abstract: In a process for treating viscous products, especially for performing polymerization processes, especially for homo- or copolymerizing thermoplastics and elastomers, wherein monomer(s) and/or catalysts and/or initiators are added to a backmixed mixing kneader, especially with a length/diameter ratio of 0.5-3.5, heat is supplied to the product which is backmixed with already reacted product and the reacted product is removed from the mixing kneader, the product in the mixing kneader shall be heated up to its boiling temperature, portions of the product shall be evaporated and exothermicity of the product shall be absorbed by evaporative cooling.

Abstract: Catalyst regeneration vessels including a chlorination zone that includes an outer mixing chamber, an inner mixing chamber, and a catalyst bed. The outer mixing chamber can include a lower portion and an upper portion, the lower portion of the outer mixing chamber including at least one air nozzle that injects a drying air stream into the outer mixing chamber, at least one chlorine input nozzle that injects a chlorine input stream into the outer mixing chamber, and at least a first baffle. The chlorination zone can also contain a second baffle that directs the mixed drying air stream and chlorine input stream from the outer mixing chamber to the inner mixing chamber.

Abstract: A method of producing a coagulated latex composite. A coagulating mixture of a first elastomer latex and a particulate filler slurry is flowed along a conduit, and a second elastomer latex is introduced into the flow of the coagulating mixture.

Abstract: The invention is a fluid distribution device for coupling with a fluid distribution conduit or chimney for improving the distribution of downwardly flowing poly-phase mixture including at least one gas phase and at least one liquid phase, above at least one catalyst bed of granular solid catalytic material. The fluid distribution device for receiving the liquid and gas phases has one or more openings in the top and/or upper portion of its height through which a gas phase can enter and has a gas conduit that opens to a mixing cavity within the device. The fluid distribution device further comprises one or more lateral openings for liquid ingress. The lateral opening or openings allow the liquid to enter a liquid conduit that opens to the internal mixing cavity. The mixing cavity allows intimate contact between the liquid and gas phases. Therefore the flow distribution device of the invention provides improved tolerance for tray out of levelness.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flow duct type jet reactor and a process for preparing isocyanates using it. The flow duct type jet reactor situates flow ducts in inner feed pipe which form whirlpool and reinforce vortex, thereby amine steam rapidly admixes and reacts with phosgene, and the byproducts are reduced. In addition, the present process uses a jet-absorption apparatus which rapidly cools the high temperature gas discharged from the reactor to a temperature at which the product is thermally stable, and at the same time provides negative pressure for the reaction process of the system, and thus saving bulky vacuum system.

Abstract: To provide an organic synthesizer that can conduct a pressure reaction and an atmospheric reaction in one organic synthesizer. An organic synthesizer comprising a reaction vessel support part (160), which can support two or more reaction vessels, and pressure regulation means (164) for regulating the pressure within the reaction vessel supported by the reaction vessel support part (160) by supplying/discharging gas. Two or more pressure regulation means (164) are provided for each reaction vessel supported by the reaction vessel support part (160). At least one pressure regulation means (164A) in the two or more pressure regulation means (164) is constructed so as to be detachable from and attachable to the other pressure regulation means (164B). The gas supply/discharge pipes (174a to 174d) are constructed so that a part near the front end can be flexed in a vertical direction and in a lateral direction.

Abstract: A method of reacting compounds can include directing a liquid into a helical constrained flow (37) having an inner circumferential flow surface and an outer circumferential flow surface. The helical constrained flow (37) can be formed around an axial interior volume (38). At least a portion of the helical constrained flow can be exposed to a sparging portion (35) to allow a fluid to be sparged into the liquid along the helical constrained flow (37). The fluid reactant can be sparged through the helical constrained flow so as to form a fluid product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reactor or sparging vessel suitable for use for reaction mixtures containing vapor and/or gas bubbles. It comprises a mechanical agitation means suitable to redistribute flow radially and at least one perforated plate suitable to provide resistance to axial flow. In desirable embodiments it may include at least one electrically or hydraulically-stimulated rotatable shaft upon which at least one blade impeller is mounted, and at least one perforated plate oriented such that it provides resistance to axial flow. The perforated plate may have channels therethrough whose cross-sectional dimension is smaller than the projected average diameter of the vapor and/or gas bubbles. The reactor or sparging vessel offers improved flow dynamics, including reduced back mixing and narrowed residence time distribution. A method of employing the reactor for a reaction mixture containing vapor and/or gas bubbles is also disclosed. An impeller blade having two curvatures is also disclosed.

Abstract: To improve reaction efficiency by increasing a contact area of first and second reactants per unit volume, without reducing dimensions of the inlet paths for the first and second reactants in a layer-thickness direction, a channel includes a first inlet path having the first reactant, a parallel second inlet path separated from the first inlet path and having the second reactant, a junction channel for causing the first and second reactants to join as separate laminar flows, and a parallel reaction channel connected with a downstream side of the junction channel for permitting the laminar flows of the first and second reactants to react at a contact interface thereof. A dimension of the reaction channel in the layer-thickness direction perpendicular to the contact interface is set to be smaller than the sum of the dimensions of the first inlet path and the second inlet path in the layer-thickness direction.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods are provided that utilize microreactor technology to achieve desired mixing and interaction at a micro and/or molecular level between and among feed stream constituents. Feed streams are fed to an intensifier pump at individually controlled rates, e.g., based on operation of individually controlled feed pumps. The time during which first and second feed streams are combined/mixed prior to introduction to the microreactor is generally minimized, thereby avoiding potential reactions and other constituent interactions prior to micro- and/or nano-scale interactions within the microreactor. Various microreactor designs/geometries may be employed, e.g., “Z” type single or multi-slot geometries and “Y” type single or multi-slot geometries. Various applications benefit from the disclosure, including emulsion, crystallization, encapsulation and reaction processes.

Abstract: A method and system for reducing corrosion in a turbomachine are provided. The method may include providing a process gas to a condenser, wherein the process gas contains a condensate having a pH level that is acidic. The condenser may be configured to remove at least a portion of the condensate from the process gas. Any condensate that is not removed is a remaining condensate. The method may further include increasing the pH level of the remaining condensate to above about 4 by mixing the process gas and the remaining condensate with an amount of pH modifier to form a mixture, and directing the mixture to a compressor coupled to the condenser, wherein the compressor is configured to compress the mixture.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for producing magnesium-containing zinc oxide, including: zinc vapor producing means 11 which produces zinc vapor by heating metallic zinc; magnesium vapor producing means 15 which produces magnesium vapor by heating metallic magnesium; mixed vapor producing means 20 which produces mixed vapor by mixing the zinc vapor and the magnesium vapor; and oxidizing gas contact means 19 which produces magnesium-containing zinc oxide by bringing an oxidizing gas into contact with the mixed vapor. The content of zinc in the mixed vapor is adjusted to be higher than that of magnesium.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a sprayer for distributing at least one fluid in a vessel. The sprayer can include a first member having a first surface and a second surface forming at least one aperture there-through. Generally, the at least one aperture is skewed with respect to a substantially vertical axis passing through a center of the first member for distributing the at least one fluid in the vessel.

Abstract: Wet process of low environmental impact recovers the lead content of an electrode slime and/or of lead minerals in the valuable form of high purity-lead carbonates that are convertible to highly pure lead oxide by heat treatment in oven at relatively low temperature, perfectly suited for making active electrode pastes of new batteries or other uses.

Abstract: The liquid feed nozzle assemblies for a circulating fluid bed reactor comprise (i) a throttle body premixer to combine liquid feed with atomization steam upstream of a nozzle body to form a liquid feed/steam mixture comprising liquid feed droplets; (ii) a conduit connected to the venturi premixer and to a discharge nozzle body to convey a flow of the liquid/steam mixture created by the premixer to the nozzle body; (iii) a discharge nozzle connected to the flow conduit to shear the liquid feed/steam mixture to create liquid feed droplets of reduced size and (iv) a disperser at the outlet of the discharge nozzle to provide a spray jet of liquid feed having an increased surface area relative to a cylindrical jet. The nozzle assembles are particularly useful in fluid coking units using heavy oil feeds such a tar sands bitumen.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a device for distributing a polyphase mixture constituted by at least one gas phase and at least one liquid phase, said mixture being in downflow mode passing through at least one bed of solid particles, and said device comprising at least one tray (1) located above a bed of solid particles, a plurality of mixing channels (2) for the liquid and gas phases, a dispersive system of the jet breaker tray type (3) with holes provided with flanges (36) over at least a portion of its perimeter, disposed beneath the mixing channels (2) and above the bed of solid particles, said distribution device being characterized in that the dispersive system (3) comprises at least two types of holes (34, 35).

Abstract: In processes for removing ruthenium by distilling RuO4 from ruthenate-containing solutions with these steps of the treatment of the ruthenate-containing solution with an oxidising agent, distilling off of the RuO4 formed, absorbing the RuO4 from step II in hydrochloric acid, the oxidising agent is recycled into step I following step III. The processes can be carried out in reactor modules with A a reactor with a stirrer, gas inlet and gas outlet, B at least one scrubber connected in series downstream with the gas outlet via a line, C one or several gas absorbers connected in series downstream with the at least one scrubber via lines, E at least one line from the optionally last absorber for recycling into the gas inlet of the reactor or into a further module or into a facility for off-gas treatment.

Abstract: A reaction apparatus which is used for conducting a gas-liquid chemical reaction in a state that a liquid is in a continuous phase, wherein its reactor has therein a shear type stirring impeller for dispersing a raw reaction gas or a carrier gas and a film-formed catalyst, which apparatus is capable of producing a target reaction product; and a process for producing a tertiary amine in such reaction apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for any productions that involve reacting or mixing two or more substances to form one or more new substances under low supersaturation. However, the specific process used to exemplify the present invention is the “wet process” phosphoric acid production, in which this process is achieved through dissolving the phosphate ore and dispersing the sulfuric acid separately and simultaneously with the gypsum slurry that has roughly stoichiometrically balanced calcium and sulfate ions in the solution and is also at considerably low supersaturation. The slurry carried out digesting the phosphate ore and the slurry accomplished dispersing the sulfuric acid then mix together to form the said gypsum slurry that has roughly stoichiometrically balanced calcium and sulfate ions in the solution and is also at considerably low supersaturation.

Abstract: A means for increasing the robustness of a SCR after-treatment system is provided. Specifically, a hydrolysis catalyst coating is applied to multiple surfaces within a decomposition reactor to aid in urea and urea based deposit decomposition and mitigation of urea based deposits. The reactor includes an injector mount attached to a middle tube portion, an inlet tube, an outlet tube and a mixer. A hydrolysis catalyst coating is applied to an inner surface of the injector mount, an inner surface of the middle tube portion, an inner surface of the outlet tube and an outer edge of the mixer. The hydrolysis catalyst coating is capable of decomposing urea and urea based deposits that comes in contact with the hydrolysis catalyst coating and mitigates the formation of urea based deposits.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the continuous production of high-molecular polyesters by esterification of dicarboxylic acids and/or transesterification of dicarboxylic acid esters with diols and/or mixtures thereof in the presence of catalysts with formation of a prepolymer in a tower reactor and polycondensation thereof to form a high-molecular polyester in a polycondensation reactor, a prepolymer with >40 to 70 repeat units (DP) being produced in the tower reactor and this prepolymer being polycondensed in only one further reactor to form a polyester with >150 to 205 DP.

Abstract: A system for the retention of finely divided solid catalysts inside a continuously stirred back-mixed reactor is presented. The system includes multiple porous media filter elements and multiple reactor baffles. The porous media filter elements are located to act as part of said reactor baffles. The porous media is selected to retain the large majority of the catalyst particles while allowing the reacted contents to leave the reactor through the pores of the porous media. The porous media elements may have a circular cross-section. The system utilizes the pumped flow of the reactor's agitator system to sweep solids from the porous media, and a high velocity zone is created around the back side of the porous media filter elements by a venturi effect caused by design and placement of the baffles and the porous media elements.

Abstract: A device for processing fluids includes a number of fin layers with a number of plates separating the fin layers so that a fluid flow passage is defined through each fin layer. A first fluid inlet is in communication with a first end portion of the fluid flow passage, a first fluid outlet is in communication with a second end portion of the fluid flow passage, a second fluid inlet is in communication with the second end portion of the fluid flow passage and a second fluid outlet in communication with the first end portion of the fluid flow passage. The fluid flowing through the second inlet is subjected to a shearing action by the fin layers so that mass transfer to the fluid flowing through the first inlet occurs. The device may be used for both liquid-liquid processes, such as extraction, or gas-liquid processes, such as adsorption, absorption or desorption and reactions.

Abstract: Provides is a gas mixing device capable of promptly mixing a combustible gas with a combustion supporting gas with its simple configuration, and a synthetic gas manufacturing apparatus using the device. In a gas mixing device which supplies a combustible gas and a combustion supporting gas from flow channels of a double pipe including an inner pipe and an outer pipe and mixes the gases, a first guide member guides the gas, flowing out from a gas outflow port on one end side of the inner pipe, outward, and a second guide member is formed in an annular shape along an inner peripheral wall of the outer pipe of the second guide member so that the inner peripheral portion is located closer to the upstream side than the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion is located closer to the center than the outer peripheral portion of the first guide member. In addition, a third guide member is provided so as to face a region surrounded by the second guide member.

Abstract: Embodiments of a continuous-flow injection reactor and a method for continuous material synthesis are disclosed. The reactor includes a mixing zone unit and a residence time unit removably coupled to the mixing zone unit. The mixing zone unit includes at least one top inlet, a side inlet, and a bottom inlet. An injection tube, or plurality of injection tubes, is inserted through the top inlet and extends past the side inlet while terminating above the bottom outlet. A first reactant solution flows in through the side inlet, and a second reactant solution flows in through the injection tube(s). With reference to nanoparticle synthesis, the reactant solutions combine in a mixing zone and form nucleated nanoparticles. The nucleated nanoparticles flow through the residence time unit. The residence time unit may be a single conduit, or it may include an outer housing and a plurality of inner tubes within the outer housing.

Abstract: A diffusion reaction method includes: joining a plurality of reaction liquids relating to a reaction to form a multilayer flow; sandwiching from both sides of the multilayer flow in the depthwise direction using sandwiching liquid so that the multilayer flow is contracted and thinned; and flowing the multilayer flow through a reaction channel to cause a diffusive mixing between laminar flows so as to cause the reaction. The method enables to allow reacting diffusive mixing a plurality of reaction liquids instantly in a reaction channel, is suitable for any kinds of reaction product. Further, for example, when forming fine particles in a diffusion reaction, the method can prevent logging of the reaction channel by the fine particles and an adhesion of the fine particles to the wall of the reaction channel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and hydrolysis tank for enzymatic hydrolysis of raw materials containing collagen and proteins to produce the three layers: a top layer containing fat, a mid-layer comprising water soluble constituents and denatured collagen, and a non-soluble bottom layer comprising bones and non-soluble proteins. These layers are separated and the second layer is further separated by cooling for a time period sufficient to form two layers: a bottom layer containing partially or wholly set collagen, and a liquid top layer containing the remaining water soluble proteins which are removed. The other is heated until it becomes liquid. The hydrolysis tank comprises a turnable stirring mechanism, a device for heat exchange and a reversible screw that is arranged in the bottom of the tank. A clearing sump for separation of collagen, includes an inlet for supply of hydrolysate.

Abstract: A plug flow reactor having an inner shell 27 surrounded by outer shell 21 and having at least one annular flow passage 35 therebetween can be used to prepare compositions, including polymers. The plug flow reactor also includes inlet port 36, an outlet port 37 and a plurality of exchanger tubes 26 wherein the exchanger tubes are in fluid communication to the at least one annular flow passage. Polystyrene and high impact polystyrene can be prepared using the reactor.

Abstract: A method and a device for generating of hydrogen are provided with which an instantaneous release of hydrogen in considerable amounts is possible. The method comprises a one or two step mixing including injecting the fuel and an activator fluid into a reaction chamber. The device is adapted to be operated with such a method. Further, a fuel suitable for the use with such a method is provided, the fuel being based on a dry metal hydride or a dry metal borohydride being dispersed in a non-aqueous dispersion medium. Moreover, a method for (re-) fuelling the hydrogen generating device at a service station and a method for supplying a service station with fuel are provided.