Utilizing As Solid Sorbent, Catalyst, Or Reactant A Material Containing A Transition Element Patents (Class 423/213.2)
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Patent number: 8092767Abstract: A method of decomposing nitrogen dioxide to nitrogen monoxide in an exhaust gas of a lean-burn internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine, comprises adjusting the C1 hydrocarbon:nitrogen oxides (C1 HC:NOx) ratio of the exhaust gas to from 0.1 to 2 and contacting this exhaust gas mixture with a particulate acidic refractory oxide selected from the group consisting of zeolites, tungsten-doped titania, silica-titania, zirconia-titania, gamma-alumina, amorphous silica-alumina and mixtures of any two or more thereof and passing the effluent gas to atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 2004Date of Patent: January 10, 2012Assignee: Johnson Matthey Public Limited CompanyInventors: Stephen David Pollington, Raj Rao Rajaram, Andrew Peter Walker
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Patent number: 8091351Abstract: An article for treating a gas containing nitrogen oxides including: (a) a monolith substrate; and (b) a catalytic composition containing at least one catalytic component consisting of (i) at least one transition metal dispersed on a mixed oxide or composite oxide or a mixture thereof as support material consisting of cerium and zirconium; or (ii) cerium oxide and zirconium oxide as single oxides or a composite oxide thereof or a mixture of the single oxides and the composite oxide dispersed on an inert oxide support material, wherein at least one transition metal is dispersed thereon, provided that at least one selected transition metal is tungsten, wherein the catalytic composition is disposed on the monolith substrate.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 2011Date of Patent: January 10, 2012Assignee: Johnson Matthey Public Limited CompanyInventors: Jillian Elaine Collier, Sylvie Cecile Laroze, Raj Rao Rajaram, David William Prest
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Patent number: 8087235Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated system for the treatment of exhaust gases, which preferably consists of at least one NOx-storing component, at least one in situ ammonia-generating component, at least one ammonia-storing component and at least one ammonia (NH3)-SCR-component, as well as to a process for the treatment of exhaust gas comprising at least the steps (i) storing of NOx under lean exhaust gas conditions in at least one NOx-storing component; (ii) in situ conversion of the stored NOx to ammonia (NH3) under rich exhaust gas conditions; (iii) storing of the ammonia (NH3) in at least one NH3-storing component under rich exhaust gas conditions as well as the (iv) reaction of NH3 with NOx under lean exhaust gas conditions. Thereby, the partial steps “storing of NOx” and “conversion of NH3 with NOx” are carried out at least partially and/or temporarily simultaneously and/or parallelly. Furthermore, preferred catalysts are disclosed for carrying out the process.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 2005Date of Patent: January 3, 2012Assignee: hte Aktiengesellschaft the high throughput experimentation companyInventors: Wolfgang Strehlau, Olga Gerlach, Jürgen Maier
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Patent number: 8088201Abstract: There is described a method and apparatus (100, 100?) for storing and delivering ammonia wherein at least two ammonia storage materials (1a, 2a) capable of reversibly adsorbing or absorbing ammonia having different ammonia vapor pressures are used. Ammonia storage material (2a) having a lower vapor pressure, which is only partially saturated with ammonia or void of ammonia, is brought into fluid communication with ammonia storage material (1a) having a higher ammonia vapor pressure to adsorb or absorb ammonia released from the ammonia storage material (1a) having a higher ammonia vapor pressure when the latter is higher than a pressure threshold. An automotive NOx treatment system (200) comprising such apparatus (100, 100?) is also described.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 2007Date of Patent: January 3, 2012Assignee: Amminex A/SInventor: Tue Johannessen
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Publication number: 20110311421Abstract: An after-treatment device for an automotive engine includes a substrate having a thermoelectric generation element disposed in an interior volume thereof. The substrate has a first end, a second end, and an outermost lateral dimension that defines an interior volume, and is configured to flow engine exhaust gas from the first end to the second end such that the flowing exhaust gas is in thermal contact with the thermoelectric generation element.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 9, 2010Publication date: December 22, 2011Inventors: Monika Backhaus-Ricoult, Peng Chen, Mark J. Soulliere
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Publication number: 20110311420Abstract: A dosing control system for a vehicle includes a current storage module, an adaption triggering module, and an adaption ending module. The current storage module estimates an amount of ammonia stored by a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst. The adaptation triggering module triggers a reduction of the amount of ammonia stored by the SCR catalyst to zero when a first amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx) measured by a first NOx sensor located downstream of the SCR catalyst is greater than a predicted value of the first amount of NOx. The adaptation ending module selectively ends the reduction and enables injection of dosing agent based on a comparison of the first amount of NOx with a second amount of NOx upstream of the SCR catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 18, 2010Publication date: December 22, 2011Applicant: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS, INC.Inventors: James M. Perrin, Rebecca J. Darr, Paul Jasinkiewicz, Jason Daniel Mullins, Kyle E. Crawford
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Patent number: 8080224Abstract: Use of a catalyst composition comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, nickel and combinations thereof, on a support selected from the group consisting of a beta-zeolite, mordenite and faujasites, is taught for carbon oxide methanation reactions for fuel cells. Specifically, when a mixture of gases containing hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water is passed over the catalyst in a reaction zone having a temperature below the temperature at which the shift reaction occurs and above the temperature at which the selective methanation of carbon monoxide occurs, the catalyst efficiently facilitates the selective hydrogenation of carbon monoxide using H2 that is present in the reformate and reduces the concentration of the CO to levels equal to or less than about 50 ppm and demonstrates a carbon monoxide (CO) methanation selectivity of greater than about 50%.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 2006Date of Patent: December 20, 2011Assignee: Sud-Chemie Inc.Inventors: Hiroshi Takeda, Troy L. Walsh, Jon P. Wagner
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Publication number: 20110300042Abstract: Catalysts comprising metal-loaded non-zeolitic molecular sieves having the CHA crystal structure, including Cu-SAPO-34, and methods for treating exhaust gas incorporating such catalysts are disclosed. The catalysts can be used to remove nitrogen oxides from a gaseous medium across a broad temperature range and exhibit hydrothermal stability at high reaction temperatures.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 22, 2011Publication date: December 8, 2011Applicant: BASF CorporationInventors: Ivor Bull, Gerald S. Koermer, Ahmad Moini, Signe Unverricht
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Patent number: 8071061Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the catalytic treatment of exhaust gases of motor vehicles which comprises a catalyst substrate designed as a hollow cylinder, an inlet-side and an outlet-side gas baffle and an outer wall, wherein the gas baffles enclose the catalyst substrate and the outlet-side gas baffle and the catalyst substrate form a first cavity into which an exhaust-gas stream can be fed, passing through the catalyst substrate and entering a second cavity which is surrounded by outer wall, gas baffles and catalyst substrate, wherein the outlet-side gas baffle has gas vents, and wherein the recessed part of the outlet-side gas baffle is beaded, with the result that the catalyst substrate is fixed. The invention also relates to a process for the production of the device according to the invention and its use, plus a method for cleaning exhaust gases of motor vehicles.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 2008Date of Patent: December 6, 2011Assignee: Alantum CorporationInventors: Michael Goevert, Stefan Ebener, Thomas Scheerer, Thomas Krusenbaum
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Patent number: 8062617Abstract: Process for reducing nitrogen oxides to nitrogen in an exhaust gas comprising passing the exhaust gas in the presence of a reducing agent through a catalyst system comprising at least two catalyst beds, in which a first catalyst bed is an iron-beta-zeolite and a second catalyst bed downstream is silver supported on alumina.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 2010Date of Patent: November 22, 2011Assignee: Haldor Topsøe A/SInventors: Alexandr Stakhev, Søren Dahl, Ioannis Gekas, Pär L. T. Gabrielsson
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Publication number: 20110281720Abstract: A method of using a catalyst comprises exposing a catalyst to at least one reactant in a chemical process. The catalyst comprises copper and a small pore molecular sieve having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms. The chemical process undergoes at least one period of exposure to a reducing atmosphere. The catalyst has an initial activity and the catalyst has a final activity after the at least one period of exposure to the reducing atmosphere. The final activity is within 30% of the initial activity at a temperature between 200 and 500° C.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 25, 2011Publication date: November 17, 2011Applicant: JOHNSON MATTHEY PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANYInventors: Paul Joseph Andersen, Hai-Ying Chen, Joseph Michael Fedeyko, Erich Weigert
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Patent number: 8057767Abstract: Chemical species such as nitrogen oxide (NO), carbon monoxide, and low molecular weight hydrocarbons (e.g., C1-C5 and saturated or ethylenically unsaturated) in an oxygen-containing gas stream, such as the exhaust stream from a diesel engine, or other lean burn engine, may be oxidized using a mixture of MnOx with one or more other base metal oxides, with or without palladium. The oxidation is effective at temperatures above about 200° C. to convert about ninety percent or more of the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and to consume the hydrocarbons. The oxidation is also effective to convert much of the NO to NO2. In general, the mixed base metal oxides may be used as catalysts for the oxidation of nitrogen oxide in hot gas streams containing oxygen. They may optionally be used in a combination with palladium or platinum. But platinum, which is very expensive, does not have to be used in such oxidation reactions.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 2010Date of Patent: November 15, 2011Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLCInventors: Gongshin Qi, Wei Li
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Patent number: 8057766Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus includes a metal casing and a honeycomb filter installed in the metal casing. The honeycomb filter includes cells, a first end face, and a second end face. The cells include a first cell and a second cell provided alternately. The first cell includes an open end on the first end face side and a sealed end on the second end face side. The second cell includes an open end on the second end face side and a sealed end on the first end face side. A cross-sectional area of the first cell is smaller than a cross-sectional area of the second cell. The first end face is disposed on a gas inlet side of the metal casing. The second end face is disposed on a gas outlet side of the metal casing.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 2010Date of Patent: November 15, 2011Assignee: Ibiden Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kazutake Ogyu, Kenichi Makino
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Publication number: 20110274602Abstract: Novel metal-containing silicates, in particular redox-active as well as crystalline silicates, a process for preparing metal-containing crystalline silicates, as well as use thereof as high-temperature oxidation catalyst or diesel oxidation catalyst. Further, a catalytic composition and a shaped catalyst body which contains the metal-containing crystalline silicates.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 13, 2009Publication date: November 10, 2011Inventor: Klaus Wanninger
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Publication number: 20110274601Abstract: Catalysts, catalytic articles, and catalyst systems and methods for treating exhaust gas streams utilizing the catalytic articles are described. In one or more embodiments, a catalytic article includes a first SCR catalyst permeating the porous walls of a substrate and a second SCR catalyst coating the walls of the substrate. Methods for treating an exhaust gas stream are also provided. Methods of making and using such catalysts and catalytic articles are also described.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 4, 2011Publication date: November 10, 2011Applicant: BASF CorporationInventor: R. Samuel Boorse
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Publication number: 20110268635Abstract: Provided are selective catalytic reduction (SCR) filters that effectively provide simultaneous treatment of particulate matter and NOx. Provided also are methods for reducing NOx concentration and particulate matter in a diesel engine exhaust by using the SCR filters. The SCR filter can include a fiber matrix wall flow filter comprising a plurality of non-woven inorganic fibers and a chabazite molecular sieve SCR catalyst on the fiber matrix wall flow filter. By combining a fiber matrix wall flow filter with a chabazite molecular sieve SCR catalyst, high catalyst loading can be achieved without causing excessive back pressure across the filter when implemented in emission treatment systems.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 14, 2011Publication date: November 3, 2011Applicant: BASF CorporationInventors: Samuel Boorse, Joseph C. Dettling
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Patent number: 8048390Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides using ammonia in exhaust gases of vehicles, whereby solutions of guanidine salts with an ammonia forming potential of between 40 and 850 g/kg, optionally in combination with urea and/or ammonia and/or ammonium salts, are catalytically decomposed in the presence of catalytically active, non-oxidation-active coatings of oxides selected from the group containing titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide or the mixtures thereof, and hydrothermally stable zeolites which are fully or partially metal-exchanged. The guanidine salts according to the invention enable a reduction of the nitrogen oxides by approximately 90%. Furthermore, said guanidine salts can enable an increase in the ammonia forming potential from 0.2 kg, corresponding to prior art, up to 0.4 kg ammonia per litre of guanidine salt, along with freezing resistance (freezing point below ?25° C.).Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 2007Date of Patent: November 1, 2011Assignee: Alzchem Trostberg GmbHInventors: Benedikt Hammer, Hans-Peter Krimmer, Bernd Schulz, Eberhard Jacob
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Publication number: 20110262329Abstract: Described herein are various embodiments of an apparatus, a system, and a methods for reducing NOx emissions using ammonia storage on an SCR catalyst. For example, according to one embodiment, an apparatus for controlling an SCR system of an internal combustion engine system includes an ammonia storage module and a reductant dosing module. The ammonia storage module determines an ammonia storage surface coverage on an SCR catalyst of the SCR system and an ammonia compensation value based on one of an excess ammonia flow rate entering the SCR catalyst and an excess NOx flow rate entering the SCR catalyst. The reductant dosing module that generates a reductant dosing command based on the ammonia compensation value.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 26, 2010Publication date: October 27, 2011Applicant: Cummins Filtration IP, IncInventors: Abdul R. Ofoli, Hasan Mohammed
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Publication number: 20110252773Abstract: Provided are exhaust systems and components suitable for use in conjunction with gasoline engines to capture particulates in addition to reducing gaseous emission such as hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxides. Exhaust treatment systems comprising a three-way conversion (TWC) catalyst located on a particulate filters are provided. Coated particle filters having washcoat loadings in the range of 1 to 4 g/ft3 result in minimal impact on back pressure while simultaneously providing TWC catalytic activity and particle trapping functionality to meet increasingly stringent regulations such as Euro 6. Sufficient to high levels of oxygen storage components (OSC) are also delivered on and/or within the filter. The filters can have a coated porosity that is substantially the same as its uncoated porosity. The TWC catalytic material can comprise a particle size distribution such that a first set of particles has a first d90 particle size of 7.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 15, 2011Publication date: October 20, 2011Applicant: BASF CorporationInventors: Mirko Arnold, Stephan Siemund, Attilio Siani, Knut Wassermann
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Publication number: 20110250112Abstract: The invention relates to a filtration structure, for filtering a gas coming from a diesel engine, which is laden with gaseous pollutants of the nitrogen oxide NOx type and with solid particles, of the particulate filter type, said filtration structure being characterized in that it includes a catalytic system comprising at least one noble metal or transition metal suitable for reducing the NOx and a support material, in which said support material comprises or is made of a zirconium oxide partially substituted with a trivalent cation M3+ or with a divalent cation M?2+, said zirconium oxide being in a reduced, oxygen-sub-stoichiometric, state.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 16, 2009Publication date: October 13, 2011Applicants: CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE, SAINT-GOBAIN CENTRE DE RECH. ET D'ETUDES EUROPEENInventors: Philippe Vernoux, Abdelkader Hadjar, Agnes Princivalle, Christian Guizard
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Patent number: 8034310Abstract: Several embodiments of high-efficiency catalytic converters and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalytic converter for treating a flow of exhaust gas comprising a reaction chamber, a heating enclosure enclosing at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and an optional coolant channel encasing the heating enclosure. The reaction chamber can have a first end section through which the exhaust gas flows into the reaction chamber and a second end section from which the exhaust gas exits the reaction chamber. The heating enclosure is configured to contain heated gas along the exterior of the reaction chamber, and the optional coolant channel is configured to contain a flow of coolant around the heating enclosure. The catalytic converter can further include a catalytic element in the reaction chamber.Type: GrantFiled: September 23, 2010Date of Patent: October 11, 2011Assignee: in the worksInventors: Todd K. Hansen, David A. Endrigo
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Publication number: 20110229391Abstract: The present invention relates to a particle filter comprising a porous carrier body, an SCR active component and an oxidation catalyst, wherein the SCR active component is present as coating on the exhaust-gas entry surface and the inner surface of the porous carrier body and the oxidation catalyst as coating on the exhaust-gas exit surface of the porous carrier body. According to the invention the oxidation catalyst changes its function depending on operating conditions. In normal operation it serves as NH3 slip catalyst for oxidizing excess NH3 and during filter regeneration it operates according to the 3-way principle for converting NOx and CO. The invention also relates to a method for producing the particle filter, the use of the particle filter for treating exhaust gases from the combustion of fossil, synthetic or biofuels as well as an exhaust-gas cleaning system which contains the particle filter according to the invention.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 4, 2009Publication date: September 22, 2011Applicant: SUD-CHEMIE AGInventors: Martin Paulus, Klaus Wanninger
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Patent number: 8022010Abstract: Nitrogen oxide storage materials and methods of manufacturing nitrogen oxide storage materials are disclosed. The nitrogen oxide storage materials can be used to manufacture catalytic trap disposed in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine which is operated periodically between lean and stoichiometric or rich conditions, for abatement of NOx in an exhaust gas stream which is generated by the engine. In one embodiment, the nitrogen oxide storage material comprises alkaline earth material supported on ceria particles having a crystallite size of between about 10 and 20 nm and the alkaline earth oxide having a crystallite size of between about 20-40 nm.Type: GrantFiled: July 6, 2009Date of Patent: September 20, 2011Assignee: BASF CorporationInventors: Marcus Hilgendorff, Stanley A. Roth, Susanne Stiebels
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Patent number: 8017097Abstract: The present invention relates to application of catalysts for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of oxides of Nitrogen using N-containing reductant. The catalysts are characterized as phase pure lattice oxide materials into which catalytically active cations are incorporated at high levels of dispersion such that conventional analysis reveals a highly phase pure material. The materials are further characterized by high activity, hydrothermal durability and poison tolerance in the intended application.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 2010Date of Patent: September 13, 2011Assignee: Umicore AG & Co. KGInventors: Barry W. L. Southward, John G. Nunan
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Publication number: 20110217215Abstract: The object of the invention is a porous sheet(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines in open channels. According to the invention at least part of the porous sheet has a covering support having pores over 10 nm and coarse particles over 1.4 ?m.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 17, 2011Publication date: September 8, 2011Applicant: ECOCAT OYInventors: Aulis Vakkilainen, Reijo Lylykangas, Ritva Heikkinen, Teuvo Manula, Matti Harkonen, Ari Lievonen
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Patent number: 8012440Abstract: A method is provided for operating a device having at least one electrically heatable honeycomb body through which an exhaust gas can flow. The electrically heatable honeycomb body has at least one current distribution structure to which a plurality of short, successive voltage pulses are initially applied during activation, before a constant heating voltage is applied to the current distribution structure to heat the honeycomb body. A suitable device for the catalytic conversion of exhaust gases in an exhaust system is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2011Date of Patent: September 6, 2011Assignee: Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbHInventors: Jan Hodgson, Rolf Brück
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Patent number: 8012439Abstract: A filter for filtering particulate matter (PM) from exhaust gas emitted from a positive ignition engine, which filter comprising a porous substrate having inlet surfaces and outlet surfaces, wherein the inlet surfaces are separated from the outlet surfaces by a porous structure containing pores of a first mean pore size, wherein the porous substrate is coated with a washcoat comprising a plurality of solid particles wherein the porous structure of the washcoated porous substrate contains pores of a second mean pore size, and wherein the second mean pore size is less than the first mean pore size.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2010Date of Patent: September 6, 2011Assignee: Johnson Matthey Public Limited CompanyInventors: Louise Clare Arnold, Robert James Brisley, David Robert Greenwell, Christopher Gough Morgan
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Publication number: 20110206583Abstract: Catalyst compositions useful for the conversion of vehicular exhaust gases contain zirconium, cerium and yttrium oxides with a cerium oxide proportion of from 3% to 15%, and yttrium oxide proportions corresponding to the following conditions: 6% at most if the cerium oxide proportion is from 12% excluded and 15% included; 10% at most if the cerium oxide proportion is from 7% excluded and 12% included; 30% at most if the cerium oxide proportion is from 3% to 7% included, the balance being zirconium oxide; such compositions may optionally include an oxide of a rare earth selected from among lanthanum, neodymium and praseodymium.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 21, 2009Publication date: August 25, 2011Applicant: RHODIA OPERATIONSInventors: Olivier Larcher, Emmanuel Rohart, Simon Ifrah
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Publication number: 20110200505Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, a catalyst assembly is provided for treating an exhaust from an engine. In one embodiment, the catalyst assembly includes a first catalyst material catalytically active at a first temperature and loaded at a first catalyst material loading, the first catalyst material including a first base metal loading, and a second catalyst material catalytically active at a second temperature lower than the first temperature and loaded at a second catalyst material loading, the second catalyst material including a second base metal loading, wherein the second base metal loading is higher than the first base metal loading.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 16, 2010Publication date: August 18, 2011Applicant: FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLCInventors: Giovanni Cavataio, Hungwen Jen, James Robert Warner, James W. Girard, Christine Kay Lambert
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Patent number: 7998443Abstract: A method of using a catalyst comprises exposing a catalyst to at least one reactant in a chemical process. The catalyst comprises copper and a small pore molecular sieve having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms. The chemical process undergoes at least one period of exposure to a reducing atmosphere. The catalyst has an initial activity and the catalyst has a final activity after the at least one period of exposure to the reducing atmosphere. The final activity is within 30% of the initial activity at a temperature between 200 and 500° C.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 2010Date of Patent: August 16, 2011Assignee: Johnson Matthey Public Limited CompanyInventors: Paul Joseph Andersen, Hai-Ying Chen, Joseph Michael Fedeyko, Erich Weigert
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Publication number: 20110182790Abstract: A synthetic alumino silicate zeolite catalyst containing at least one catalytically active transition metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Fe, Hf, La, Au, In, V, lanthanides and Group VIII transition metals, which alumino silicate zeolite is a small pore aluminosilicate zeolite having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms, wherein the mean crystallite size of the aluminosilicate zeolite determined by scanning electron microscope is >0.50 micrometer.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 13, 2009Publication date: July 28, 2011Applicant: JOHNSON MATTHEY PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANYInventors: Guy Richard Chandler, Neil Robert Collins, Rodney Foo Kok Shin, Alexander Nicholas Michael Green, Paul Richard Phillips, Raj Rao Rajaram, Stuart David Reid
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Patent number: 7985391Abstract: A method of converting nitrogen oxides in a gas stream to nitrogen comprises contacting the nitrogen oxides with a nitrogenous reducing agent in the presence of a non-zeolite base metal catalyst consisting of: (a) at least one transition metal dispersed on a mixed oxide or composite oxide or a mixture thereof as support material consisting of cerium and zirconium; or (b) cerium oxide and zirconium oxide as single oxides or a composite oxide thereof or a mixture of the single oxides and the composite oxide dispersed on an inert oxide support material, whereon is dispersed at least one transition metal.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 2008Date of Patent: July 26, 2011Assignee: Johnson Matthey Public Limited CompanyInventors: Jillian Elaine Collier, Sylvie Cécile Laroze, Raj Rao Rajaram, David William Prest
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Publication number: 20110176979Abstract: A catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) and a method for filtering particulates from diesel engine exhaust are provided, where the catalyzed diesel particulate filter includes a substrate and a catalyst composition, where the catalyst composition contains at least one first component, at least one second component, and at least one third component, where the first component is at least one first component selected from the group consisting of cerium and a lanthanide and mixtures thereof, the at least one second component is selected from the group consisting of cobalt, copper, manganese and mixtures thereof; and the third component comprises strontium, where the first component, the second component, and the third component are in an oxide form after calcination. The catalyst on the catalyzed diesel particulate filter lowers the temperature at which particulates are removed from the CDPF by oxidizing the particulates on the filter. The catalyzed diesel particulate filter may also include a washcoat.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 30, 2011Publication date: July 21, 2011Inventors: Keshavaraja Alive, Ann-Laure Baudoux, Stephen J. Golden, Svetlana Iretskaya
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Publication number: 20110171092Abstract: This invention relates to a cerium—zirconium-base composite oxide, which is useful, e.g., for the purification of exhaust gas discharged from combustion engines such as internal combustion engines and boilers and can release a high level of oxygen in a low temperature region, a method for producing the same, an oxygen storage/release component using the same, an exhaust gas purification catalyst, and an exhaust gas purification method. The cerium—zirconium-base composite oxide satisfies requirements (1) that the oxygen release initiation temperature is 380° C. or below, (2) that the oxygen release amount is not less than 485 ?mol/g, and further (3) that the oxygen release amount at 400° C. is not less than 15 ?mol/g.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 9, 2010Publication date: July 14, 2011Applicants: DAIICHI KIGENSO KAGAKU KOGYO CO., LTD., N.E. CHEMCAT CORPORATIONInventors: Takahiro Wakita, Akira Kohara, Yasuharu Kanno, Hiroaki Omoto
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Patent number: 7976801Abstract: A particulate converter for the collection and the incineration of particulate matters from diesel engine exhaust includes an exhaust path extending from the diesel engine through the particulate converter. The particulate converter further includes a housing and at least one candle located in the housing. An electrical incineration system may be electrically connected to a pulsed power supply for incinerating soot collected within the candle. A diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) may be disposed in the exhaust path to generate sufficient amount of NO2 to assist in incineration. At least one exhaust cooling device may be provided for the control of exhaust temperature. A feedback control system may control exhaust gas temperatures based on pressure drop across the DPC, temperature ahead of the DPC and engine RPM.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 2008Date of Patent: July 12, 2011Inventor: Refaat Kammel
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Patent number: 7976802Abstract: A plant for treating pollutants contained in the exhaust gases of an internal-combustion engine includes an exhaust line (10) with an oxidation catalyst (12), a selective catalytic reduction catalyst (16) including a chemically active porous body and an injector (54) for injecting a reducing agent into the exhaust line. The selective catalytic reduction catalyst (16) includes at least one chemically inert passage (42) for the exhaust gases flowing therethrough and a shut-off (44) controlling access of the gases to the passage.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 2009Date of Patent: July 12, 2011Assignee: IFPInventor: Thierry Colliou
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Publication number: 20110165045Abstract: An exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention contains at least a precious metal coated with lanthanum-containing alumina. In at least one embodiment, it is possible to provide: an exhaust gas purification catalyst which can (i) have an increase in heat resistance, and (ii) inhibit the precious metal from being mixed in alumina and therefore inhibit the precious metal from forming a solid solution in combination with alumina; and a method for efficiently purifying, by use of the catalyst, an exhaust gas emitted from an internal-combustion engine.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 27, 2009Publication date: July 7, 2011Inventors: Masanori Ikeda, Kosuke Mikita, Takahiro Ikegami, Yuji Ogino, Hideki Goto
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Patent number: 7964527Abstract: Catalytic compositions useful, e.g., for the treatment of internal combustion engine exhaust gases, are based on zirconium oxide in a weight proportion of at least 25%, from 15% to 60% of cerium oxide, from 10% to 25% of yttrium oxide, from 2% to 10% of lanthanum oxide and from 2% to 15% of another rare earth oxide, have a specific surface of at least 15 m2/g and a cubic phase, and are prepared from a mixture of zirconium, cerium, yttrium, lanthanum and the additional rare earth, by precipitating such mixture with a base, heating the precipitate in an aqueous medium, adding thereto a surfactant and calcining the precipitate.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 2007Date of Patent: June 21, 2011Assignee: Rhodia OperationsInventors: Olivier Larcher, Stephan Verdier, Emmanuel Rohart, Aimin Huang
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Patent number: 7964167Abstract: An after-treatment system architecture and method for oxidizing the nitric oxide component of an exhaust stream from a hydrocarbon fueled power source operated with a fuel lean combustion mixture.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 2009Date of Patent: June 21, 2011Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLCInventors: Chang H Kim, Wei Li, Kevin A Dahlberg
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Patent number: 7964163Abstract: A solid ammonia storage and delivery material comprising an ammonia absorbing/desorbing solid material, said storage and delivery material having been compacted to a density above 50% of the theoretic skeleton density provides a solid ammonia storage material which is easy to produce and handle and has a very high density of stored ammonia which is readily released under controlled conditions even though the porosity of the material is very low, and which storage material is safe for storage and transport of ammonia without special safety measures.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 2009Date of Patent: June 21, 2011Assignee: Amminex A/SInventors: Tue Johannessen, Christensen Claus Hviid, Norskov Jens Kehlet, Sorensen Rasmus Zink, Quaade Ulrich
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Publication number: 20110142737Abstract: A catalyst and a process for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in diesel engine exhaust gases with ammonia or a compound decomposable to ammonia are described. The exhaust gas to be cleaned is passed together with ammonia or a compound decomposable to ammonia over a catalyst which comprises a zeolite or a zeolite-like compound containing 1-10% by weight of copper, based on the total weight of the zeolite or of the zeolite-like compound, and a homogeneous cerium-zirconium mixed oxide and/or a cerium oxide. The zeolite used or the zeolite-like compound used is selected from the group consisting of chabazite, SAPO-34, ALPO-34 and zeolite-?.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 9, 2010Publication date: June 16, 2011Applicant: UMICORE AG & CO. KGInventors: Michael SEYLER, Nicola Soeger, Katja Adelmann, Anke Schuler, Thomas R. Pauly, Gerald Jeske
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Publication number: 20110138789Abstract: An apparatus and method for treating diesel exhaust gases are described. The system consists of two functionalities, the first being a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst system and the second being a capture material for capturing catalyst components that have appreciable volatility under extreme exposure conditions. The SCR catalyst component is typically based on a majority phase of titania, with added minority-phase catalyst components comprising of one or more of the oxides of vanadium, silicon, tungsten, molybdenum, iron, cerium, phosphorous, copper and/or manganese vanadia. The capture material typically comprises a majority phase of high surface area oxides such as silica-stabilized titania, alumina, or stabilized alumina, for example, wherein the capture material maintains a low total fractional monolayer coverage of minority phase oxides for the duration of the extreme exposure.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 15, 2009Publication date: June 16, 2011Inventor: David M. Chapman
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Patent number: 7959883Abstract: Particulate pollutants such as carbonaceous particles are removed from an engine exhaust stream by passing the exhaust stream through an exhaust gas reactor, the exhaust stream first traversing a charging zone wherein the particles are charged via a corona discharge, and thereafter traversing a downstream collection zone wherein the charged particles are collected and eliminated by a collector/reactor having an oppositely charged reactive collecting surface.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 2009Date of Patent: June 14, 2011Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventors: Christopher W Drewnowski, Martin Andrew Sala
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Patent number: 7955408Abstract: This Invention relates to a kind of devices with no emission resulted for treatment of exhaust gas. The Device comprises a vessel having openings that serve only as inlet. At least two exchange sections are provided inside the vessel after inlet of exhaust gas. There is a gas chamber at each connection part between two sequential sections. The gas exchange chamber at the first gas exchange section has a through opening leading to outside atmosphere area, and at each one from the second to the last exchange section, there is a feedback pipe to connect to the inlet of the first stage of exchange section. With this configuration, on entering into the exchange section, exhaust gas will be ejected inwards and causes very strong entrainment, which makes the gas chamber become vacuum and sucks air with oxygen from atmosphere into gas chamber via the through opening to atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 2007Date of Patent: June 7, 2011Inventor: Yuguang Zhang
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Patent number: 7955576Abstract: A composition, containing vanadium and a support, wherein at least a portion of the vanadium has crystallite sizes of less than about 100 ? as determined by an analytical method such as X-Ray Diffraction, is disclosed. A method of preparing such composition is also disclosed. The composition is employed in a process to remove a heavy metal from a gaseous feed stream which can optionally include a separate mercury adsorption stage.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 2008Date of Patent: June 7, 2011Assignee: ConocoPhillips CompanyInventors: Joseph B. Cross, Glenn W. Dodwell, Marvin M. Johnson, Edward L. Sughrue, II, Jianhua Yao
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Publication number: 20110120087Abstract: In setting tighter emissions standards for nitrogen oxides, legislative bodies limit the amount of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) permitted in exhaust. The disclosed catalysts can be coated on a support device in a diesel engine exhaust system to increase the reduction of NO2 to nitric oxide (NO). The disclosed coating comprises titanium dioxide, preferably in the form of rutile, comprising approximately 94% titanium dioxide and also comprising zirconium dioxide, silicon dioxide, iron(III) oxide, chromium oxide, vanadium oxide and aluminum oxide. In certain embodiments, a second coating comprised of palladium may be placed over the first coating of titanium dioxide or rutile.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 23, 2009Publication date: May 26, 2011Applicant: AirFlow Catalyst SystemsInventors: Thomas Richard ROBERTS, Dennis Roland Fronheiser, Thomas A. Iacubucci
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Patent number: 7947238Abstract: An oxidation catalyst for the treatment of exhaust gas emissions, such as the oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) and the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from a diesel engine and methods of exhaust gas treatment are disclosed. More particularly, a washcoat composition is disclosed comprising at least two washcoat layers, a first washcoat comprising palladium supported on ceria-zirconia and ceria-zirconia-alumina and a second washcoat containing one or more of platinum and palladium and one or more hydrocarbon storage components. An undercoat may also be included in the catalyst. Also disclosed are method of exhaust gas treatment and diesel exhaust gas treatment systems that include the oxidation catalyst and a downstream soot filter.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 2009Date of Patent: May 24, 2011Assignee: BASF CorporationInventor: Michel Deeba
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Patent number: 7943104Abstract: In one embodiment, a solid solution material comprises, based upon 100 mole %: about 30 mol% about 95 mol % zirconium, about 0.5 mol % to about 50 mole % cerium, up to about 20 mole % of a stabilizer selected from the group consisting of yttrium, rare earths, and combinations comprising at least one of the stabilizers, and about 0.01 to about 25 mole % of a metal selected from the group consisting of indium, tin, and mixtures comprising at least one of the foregoing metals.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 2006Date of Patent: May 17, 2011Assignee: Umicore AG & Co. KGInventors: Alexandr I. Kozlov, John G. Nunan, Karl C. Kharas
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Patent number: 7939462Abstract: The inventive composition, according to a first embodiment, consists essentially of a cerium oxide and a zirconium oxide. According to a second embodiment, said composition is based on cerium oxide, zirconium oxide and at least one rare earth oxide other than cerium. After a first 4-hour period of calcination at 900 .C followed by a second 10-hour period of at 1000 .C, the specific surface variation thereof is 20% maximum in the first embodiment and 15% maximum in the second embodiment. The inventive composition can be used as a catalyst, i.e. in the treatment of waste gases from internal combustion engines.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 2004Date of Patent: May 10, 2011Assignee: Rhodia OperationsInventors: Olivier Larcher, Emmanuel Rohart, David Monin
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Patent number: 7939040Abstract: The inventive composition is based on cerium oxide and on zirconium oxide in an atomic proportion Ce/Zr of at least 1, and has a reducibility rate of at least 70% and a surface area of at least 15 m; 2; /g. This composition is obtained by a method in which: a mixture is made containing cerium and zirconium compounds; this mixture is provided with a basic compound whereby obtaining a precipitate that is heated in an aqueous medium; a surfactant-type additive or a polyethylene glycol or a carboxylic acid is added to this medium or to the separated precipitate; the mixture is ground; the precipitate obtained thereof is calcined under inert gas or vacuum, in a first period of time, at a temperature of at least 850° C. and then under an oxidizing atmosphere, in a second period of time, at a temperature of at least 400° C.Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 2004Date of Patent: May 10, 2011Assignee: Rhodia OperationsInventors: Olivier Larcher, Emmanuel Rohart