Abstract: In the present invention, ceramic particles are used as an optical diffusible filler. The present invention provides an optical diffusible material containing ceramic particles, wherein the ceramic particles satisfy the following requirements (I) and (II): (I) the total amount of Al2O3 or MgO and SiO2 is 80% by weight or more; and (II) the weight ratio of Al2O3 or MgO to SiO2 ((Al2O3 or MgO)/SiO2) is 0.1 to 15.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes for making a plurality of substantially phase-pure metal oxide particles, the particles comprising a garnet structure, the process comprising: subjecting a dispersion of precursors to a solvothermal treatment to form a garnet intermediate and applying a flow-based thermochemical process to said garnet intermediate.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a method for obtaining particles of chemical formula BiVO4 wherein bismuth and vanadium precursors and at least one additive chosen from surfactants of the sulphate or phosphonate type comprising at least one hydrocarbon chain are made to react at a temperature below 50° C. The subject of the invention is also particles of chemical formula BiVO4 of which the surface has Brønsted sites.

Abstract: The present invention provides a functional transition metal silicate (FTMS) effective as a decontaminant, a disinfectant, a detoxificant, a protectant, a microbicide or combination thereof, comprising a ratio of transition metal to silica in the transition metal silicate in a predetermined range and a structural composition for said effectiveness, said FTMS being capable of being immobilized on a suitable materials or incorporating into resins and/or coating along with resins on suitable materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photocatalytic nanocomposite material, wherein the realization of the optimal wavelength for optical activation is controlled and accordingly is designed to work together with a LED operating at the wavelength for yielding the maximum efficiency.

Abstract: A catalyst for treating exhaust gases having excellent durability and performance for removing nitrogen oxides and organic halogen compounds and a low SO2 oxidation rate, a titanium oxide suitable for preparing the catalyst and a method for treating exhaust gases containing nitrogen oxides and/or organic halogen compounds using the catalyst are provided. The BET specific surface areas of the titanium oxide and the catalyst for treating exhaust gases are in the range of 85 to 250 m2/g and in the range of 50 to 200 m2/g respectively. The titanium oxide and the catalyst for treating exhaust gases have each a ratio in the range of 15 to 145%, the ratio of the intensity of the peak indicating an anatase crystal present in the range of 2?=24.7° to 2?=25.7° of powder X-ray diffraction thereof (Ia) to the intensity of the peak indicating an anatase crystal present in the range of 2?=24.7° to 2?=25.

Abstract: A process for producing an aqueous silica-based sol is disclosed wherein a cationic ion exchange resin having part of its ion exchange capacity in hydrogen form is contacted with an aqueous alkali metal silicate to form a slurry having a pH from 5.0 to 11.5 and/or having particle aggregation or microgel formation corresponding to a S value up to 45%; adjusting the pH using a material comprising an aluminum compound; and separating the resin from the slurry. Silica-based sols having an S value from 15 to 25%, mole ratio Si:Al from 20:1 to 50:1, mole ratio Si:X, where X=alkali metal, from 5:1 to 17:1, SiO2 content of at least 5% by weight and containing silica-based particles having a specific surface area of at least 300 m2/g, as well as the use of such silica-based sols in producing paper are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating a solid material containing at least one zeolite and being at least partly crystalline or treating a shaped body obtained from said solid material wherein said solid material or shaped body is brought in contact with a composition containing water after at least one of the following steps of an integrated process for producing a solid material or a shaped body containing at least one zeolite: (i) after step (II) of separating the at least partly crystalline solid material from its mother liquor or (ii) after step (S) of shaping said solid material into a shaped body or (iii) after a step (C) of calcining said solid material or said shaped body. The present invention furthermore relates to the solid material obtainable by the inventive process and the shaped body obtainable by the inventive process.

Abstract: Described is a process for the preparation of a crystallised lamellar solid formed by magadiite consisting of implementing in a step (i) mixing of at least one silica source, at least one salt of N,N,N?,N?-tetramethyl-N,N?-dibenzyloctanediammonium, at least one alkali and/or alkaline earth metal M and water and then implementing in a step (ii) hydrothermal treatment of said mixture until said crystallised lamellar solid constituted by magadiite is formed.

Abstract: A method of preparing hydrophobic silica particles includes the step of reacting together in a single step a mixture of silane ether monomers and organically modified silane ether monomers with a hydrolyzing agent. The method also includes producing hydrophobic silica microparticles and nanoparticles that can include dyes and/or magnetizable components. The silica nanoparticles can be used in the detection, visualization and/or analysis of latent fingerprints.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a layered silicate containing at least silicon and oxygen, comprising (1) providing a mixture containing silica and/or at least one silica precursor, water, at least one tetraalkylammonium compound selected from the group consisting of diethyldimethylammonium compound, a triethylmethylammonium compound, and a mixture of a diethyldimethylammonium and a triethylmethylammonium compound, and at least one base, and optionally at least one suitable seeding material; and (2) heating of the mixture obtained according to (1) under autogenous pressure (hydrothermal conditions) to a temperature in the range of from to 120 to 160° C. for a period in the range of from 5 to 10 days to give a suspension containing the layered silicate.

Abstract: Size-controlled immobilization of metal nano-clusters onto particles or nanoparticles is achieved using a polyol process. Polyol processing makes it possible to use thiol groups as a chemical protocol to functionalize the surface of particles, such as silica and polystyrene nanoparticles. Metal nano-clusters, such as silver, gold, platinum and palladium, nucleate and grow on the surface of the particles. The metal nano-clusters may be synthesized in a one-pot process from metal salts, nitrates, nitrites, sulfates, sulfites and the like. Any source of metal ions compatible with the polyol suspension and selected particles may be used. The size of immobilized metal nano-clusters may be controlled by additions of a poly(vinylpyrrolidone) or other polymer capable of regulating the metal ion reduction and nucleation process and by controlling concentration of metal ions, the nucleation and/or growth temperatures, and processing time.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an isomorphously substituted layered silicate comprising (1) providing a mixture containing silica or a precursor thereof, at least one structure directing agent (SDA) allowing for the crystallization of the layered silicate, and water; (2) heating the mixture obtained according to (1) under hydrothermal conditions; (3) adding at least one source at least one element suitable for isomorphous substitution; (4) heating the mixture obtained according to (3) under hydrothermal conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an isomorphously substituted RUB-36 silicate comprising (1) providing a mixture containing silica, preferably amorphous silica, and/or at least one silica precursor, water, at least one suitable structure directing agent, (2) heating the mixture obtained according to (1) under hydrothermal conditions to give a suspension containing an RUB-36 silicate, (3) separating the RUB-36 silicate, wherein (a) either the mixture according to (1) contains at least one element suitable for isomorphous substitution and/or (b) the separated RUB-36 silicate according to (3) is subjected to isomorphous substitution.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing alcohol from a cellulosic material, said process comprising: hydrolyzing said cellulosic material with an aqueous acid to produce a hydrolysate; extracting acid and water from said hydrolysate with a water-miscible organic extraction solvent to yield (a) a first aqueous acidic solution containing said extraction solvent and (b) a residue containing sugars; subjecting said residue to an oligosaccharide cleavage reaction to yield an aqueous solution of fermentable sugars; fermenting said fermentable sugars and distilling alcohol from the resulting fermented mixture; contacting said first aqueous acidic solution with a pressurized fluid lipophilic solvent in non-gaseous form, which fluid solvent is substantially water-immiscible and is gaseous at ambient conditions, to yield a second aqueous acid solution and a solvent mixture of said extraction solvent and said fluid solvent; depressurizing said solvent mixture to release said extraction solvent for recycling; and,

Abstract: The invention relates to a cutting tool having a substrate base body and a single or multi-layered coating attached thereupon, wherein at least one layer of the coating is a metal oxide layer produced in the PVD process or in the CVD process and the metal oxide layer has a grain structure wherein there is structural disorder within a plurality of the existing grains that are characterized in that in electron diffraction images of the grains, point-shaped reflections occur up to a maximum lattice spacing dGRENZ and for lattice spacing greater than dGRENZ no point-shaped reflections occur, but rather a diffuse intensity distribution typical for amorphous structures.

Abstract: A method is provided for treating silica sand scrubs (SSS) generated and accumulated as waste in the chloride manufacturing process of titanium dioxide pigment. A hydrothermal process is used to produce sodium silicate solutions of modulus 3.0 to 3.8, and precipitated silicas. In some embodiments, the process uses two specific principal reaction stages. A sodium silicate solution having a low SiO2:Na2O molar ratio, in the range from 2.0 to 2.8, is first produced by reaction of the SSS, as a cost-effective SiO2 source, with aqueous caustic soda. The conversion of this intermediate sodium silicate solution of low modulus to a high SiO2:Na2O molar ratio is made possible by using a SiO2 source that is prepared as precipitated amorphous silica from the intermediate sodium silicate solution produced above.

Abstract: A silica containing composition is disclosed. The silica composition comprising a compound having the following formula (SiO2)x(OH)yMzOaF: wherein M optionally exists and said M is at least one of the following metal or metalloid cations: boron, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, palladium, silver, cadmium, tin, platinum, gold, and bismuth; wherein F optionally exists and said F is at least one of the following: a functionalized organosilane, a sulfur-containing organosilane, an amine-containing organosilane, and an alkyl-containing organosilane at a surface area coverage of 0.01-100%; and wherein the molar ratio of y/x is equal to 0.01-0.5, the molar ratio of x/z is equal to 0.1-300, and the molar ratio of a/z is dependent on the nature of the metal oxide formed.

Abstract: A silica containing composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a compound having the following formula: (SiO2)x(OH)yMzSaF: wherein M is at least one of the following metal or metalloid cations: boron, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, palladium, silver, cadmium, tin, platinum, gold, and bismuth; wherein S is a sulfur-based species selected from at least one of the following: sulfide salts, dithiocarbamates, polymer-based dithiocarbamates, and polysulfide salts;wherein F optionally exists and said F is at least one of the following: a functionalized organosilane, a sulfur-containing organosilane, an amine-containing organosilane, and an alkyl-containing organosilane at a surface area coverage of 0.01-100%; and wherein the molar ratio of y/x is equal to 0.01-0.5, the molar ratio of x/z is equal to 3-300, and the molar ratio of a/z is 1-5.

Abstract: The membrane electrode assembly 1 has an anode 10, a cathode 20, and an electrolyte membrane 30 disposed between the anode and cathode; the anode and cathode are gas diffusion electrodes; the electrolyte membrane contains a solid electrolyte in which a plurality of pores with mean pore diameters of 1 to 30 nm are formed; and the solid electrolyte has a backbone comprising organic groups having one or more metal atoms, oxygen atoms bonded to the metal atoms, and carbon atoms bonded to the metal atoms or oxygen atoms, and also has functional groups with ion-exchange capabilities that are bonded to the organic groups in the pores.

Abstract: A silica containing composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a compound having the following formula: (SiO2)x(OH)yMzSaF: wherein M is at least one of the following metal or metalloid cations: boron, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, palladium, silver, cadmium, tin, platinum, gold, and bismuth; wherein S is a sulfur-based species selected from at least one of the following: sulfide salts, dithiocarbamates, polymer-based dithiocarbamates, and polysulfide salts; wherein F optionally exists and said F is at least one of the following: a functionalized organosilane, a sulfur-containing organosilane, an amine-containing organosilane, and an alkyl-containing organosilane at a surface area coverage of 0.01-100%; and wherein the molar ratio of y/x is equal to 0.01-0.5, the molar ratio of x/z is equal to 3-300, and the molar ratio of a/z is 1-5.

Abstract: A catalyst for selective hydrogenation of hydrocarbons is presented. The catalyst selectively hydrogenates acetylenes and diolefins to increase the monoolefins in a product stream. The catalyst includes a layered structure with an inert inner core and an outer layer bonded to the inner core, where the outer layer is a metal oxide and has at least two metals deposited on the outer layer.

Abstract: The invention describes a heteropolycompound constituted by a nickel salt of a lacunary Keggin type heteropolyanion comprising tungsten in its structure, with formula: Nix+y/2AW11-yO39-5/2y,zH2O wherein Ni is nickel, A is selected from phosphorus, silicon and boron, W is tungsten, O is oxygen, y=0 or 2, x=3.5 if A is phosphorus, x=4 if A is silicon, x=4.5 if A is boron, and x=m/2+2 for the rest, and z is a number in the range 0 to 36, in which said heteropolycompound has no nickel atom in substitution for a tungsten atom in its structure, said nickel atoms being placed in the counter-ion position in the structure of said compound.

Abstract: Described is a process for the preparation of at least one crystallized lamellar solid formed by magadiite or kenyaite consisting of implementing in a step (i) mixing of at least one silica source, at least one organic structuring agent of the formula HO—(CH2)n—OH, with 2?n?5, at least one alkali and/or alkaline earth metal M and water and then implementing in a step (ii) hydrothermal treatment of said mixture until at least said crystallized lamellar solid is formed.

Abstract: Iron-silicon oxide particles with a core-shell structure, which have a) a BET-surface area of 10 to 80 m2/g, b) a thickness of the shell of 2 to 30 nm and c) a content of iron oxide of 60 to 90% by weight, of silicon dioxide of 10 to 40% by weight, based in each case on the enveloped particles, where d) the proportion of iron, silicon and oxygen is at least 99% by weight, based on the enveloped particles, and where e) the core is crystalline and the iron oxides comprise haematite, magnetite and maghemite, f) the shell consists of amorphous silicon dioxide and g) at least one compound or a plurality of compounds consisting of the elements silicon, iron and oxygen is/are present between shell and core.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods comprising polyoxometalates (POMs). In some cases, a reduced form of a POM may be formed via electrolysis in the presence of essentially no supporting electrolyte. The reduced POMs may be used for various applications, for example, for the formation of metallic nanoparticles. Some embodiments of the present invention provide compositions and methods comprising reduced forms of the polyoxometalate, [alpha-SiW12O40]4?.

Abstract: A new mixed layer silicate useful for industrial materials is provided. The mixed layer silicate is obtained by a specific synthesis method. The mixed layer silicate includes non-swelling 2:1 type layered silicate layers having a layer charge of 0 or non-swelling 2:1 type layered silicate layers having a layer charge of 0.6 to 1 and including potassium ions between layers and swelling 2:1 type layered silicate layers having a layer charge of 0.2 to 0.6 and including exchangeable cations between layers. The mixed layer silicate has a structure in which individual layers are laminated in a regular order in a lamination direction (regularly mixed layer structure).

Abstract: Processes and facilities for the production of biological synthesis gases and/or a synthetic propellant, in particular DME (dimethyl ether), and/or biological silica using biogenic input materials and comprising the following steps: Allothermal gasification of the biogenic input material by means of impulse burners for the integrated generation of process heat in a fluidized bed gasifier Gasification of inert pyrolytic coke from the first gasification step in a second gasification step preferably operated in parallel according to the principle of the expanded or circulating fluidized bed using oxygen/steam as gasification agents Combination of at least part of the gasification products from the two gasifiers for common processing

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a silicate comprising at least silicon and oxygen, comprising (1) mixing of silicon dioxide and/or of a silicon dioxide precursor with an aqueous solution comprising at least one tetraalkylammonium compound comprising R1R2R3R4N+ and at least one base, wherein R1 and R2 are methyl and both R3 and R4 are n-propyl; (2) heating of the colloidal solution obtained according to (1) to a temperature in the range of from greater than the boiling point of the colloidal solution under the chosen pressure to 180° C. at atmospheric pressure to give a suspension comprising at least one silicate, wherein the silicate comprising at least silicon and oxygen is added as a crystallization auxiliary in (1).

Abstract: A multi-component alloy particle containing at least two metal components and at least one surface modifier contacting the metal components where in the multi-component alloy particle atoms of the metal components are arranged in an ordered manner, and the multi-component alloy particle is ferromagnetic and disperses in a solvent. Method for making the multi-component alloy particle.

Abstract: A method for producing an oil-binding agent of granular open-porous structure with a silicate ceramic matrix by using recovered paper material and clay. The method is characterized in that, in each case based on the entire raw material, 35 to 60 wt.-% sewage sludge with a water content of between 70 and 85 wt.-%, 25 to 55 wt.-% recovered paper material with a water content of between 35 and 55 wt.-%, 10 to 25 wt.-% clay and optionally 1 to 3 wt.-% zeolite, 1 to 2 wt.-% quicklime and/or up to 3 wt. % fly ash are mixed to a homogeneous mixture. The raw material thus obtained is subsequently processed in order to form particles having an average diameter of 4 to 6 mm. The particles are then dried and subsequently burnt at 950 to 1050° C. The oil-binding agents produced according to said method have a bulk density of between 0.4 and 0.75 kg/1 and a oil-binding capability of 0.7 to 1.0 1 oil per oil-binder.

Abstract: A zircon composition having a multi-modal particle size distribution is disclosed. The multi-modal zircon composition comprises greater than about 40 parts by weight of a coarse zircon component having a median particle size of from greater than about 3 ?m to about 25 ?m, and less than about 60 parts by weight of a fine zircon component having a median particle size of 3 ?m or less. Methods for manufacturing a green body and a fired refractory ceramic body comprising the multi-modal zircon composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compositions of zeolites or microporous metallosilicates characterized by a continuous spatial distribution of the metal and silicon in the crystals and characterized by a crystal surface enriched in silicon relative to the internal part of the same crystals. This invention also relates to a synthesis method of producing these metallosilicates with spatial distribution of the constituting elements. These novel zeolitic compositions can be used in various hydrocarbon conversion reactions. The crystalline metallosilicates can be selected from the group consisting of aluminosilicates, gallosilicates, ferrosilicates, titanosilicates and borosilicates.

Abstract: Porous, ferro- or ferrimagnetic, glass particles are described that selectively bind molecules of interest, especially nucleic acid molecules, under appropriate conditions. Methods of preparing the porous, ferro- or ferrimagnetic, glass particles and their use for identifying or separating molecules of interest are also described. Kits comprising the porous, ferro- or ferrimagnetic, glass particles are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compositions of zeolites or microporous metallosilicates characterized by a continuous spatial distribution of the metal and silicon in the crystals and characterized by a crystal surface enriched in silicon relative to the internal part of the same crystals. This invention also relates to a synthesis method of producing these metallosilicates with spatial distribution of the constituting elements. These novel zeolitic compositions can be used in various hydrocarbon conversion reactions. The crystalline metallosilicates can be selected from the group consisting of aluminosilicates, gallosilicates, ferrosilicates, titanosilicates and borosilicates.

Abstract: A process for producing an inorganic doped-zircon pigment includes calcining a base mixture comprising raw plasma-dissociated zircon, a chromophore, and at least one mineralizer, to produce a raw pigment. The raw pigment is refined to obtain an inorganic doped-zircon pigment.

Abstract: A compound oxide manufacturing method includes: dispersing micelles, in each of which an aqueous phase is formed, in an oil phase; producing primary particles of a precursor of compound oxide in the aqueous phases in the micelles; synthesizing secondary particles by causing the primary particles to aggregate; and causing the secondary particles to aggregate by breaking the dispersion state of the micelles, or by causing the micelles to coalesce. In particular, polarization is produced in each of the micelles with the use of a cation having an ionic radius larger than that of a metal ion at least when the secondary particles are synthesized in the micelles.

Abstract: Provided are a method of preparing a zinc silicate-based phosphor and a zinc silicate-based phosphor prepared using the method. The method includes: (a) preparing a solution including a Zn precursor compound and a Si precursor compound; (b) adding a coprecipitant to the solution to form precipitation; and (c) heat treating the solution in which the precipitation is formed to synthesize zinc silicate (Zn2SiO4), wherein a solvent of the solution including the Zn precursor compound and the Si precursor compound includes at least one selected from the group consisting of ethanol, methanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 1-hexanol, and 1-heptanol, and hydrazine is used as the coprecipitant.

Abstract: Stable, aqueous dispersion containing silicon dioxide powder having a hydroxyl group density of 2.5 to 4.7 OH/nm2, which is obtained from a silicon dioxide powder produced by a flame hydrolysis process under acid conditions. The dispersion is produced by incorporating the silicon dioxide powder into an aqueous solution by means of a dispersing device. The dispersion can be used to produce glass articles.

Abstract: A layered titanosilicate obtained by contacting a layered borosilicate with a titanium source and an inorganic acid, and a method for producing an epoxy compound wherein the layered titanosilicate is used as a catalyst.

Abstract: Described is a method for the production of metal salts, wherein the cationic metal is preferably selected from Group I to IV metals and mixtures thereof and the anionic group is selected from phosphates, silicates, sulfates, carbonates, hydroxides, fluorides and mixtures thereof, and wherein said method comprises forming a mixture of at least one metal source that is a metal carboxylate with a mean carbon value per carboxylate group of at least 3 and at least one anion source into droplets and oxiding said droplets in a high temperature environment, preferably a flame. This method is especially suited for the production of calcium phosphate biomaterials such as hydroxyapatite (HAp,Cal0(P04)6(OH)2) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP,Ca3(P04)2) that exhibit excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity and therefore are widely used for reparation of bony or periodontal defects, coating of metallic implants and bone space fillers.

Abstract: The present invention provides for evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) within microdroplets produced by a vibrating orifice aerosol generator (VOAG) for the production of monodisperse mesoporous silica particles. The process of the present invention exploits the concentration of evaporating droplets to induce the organization of various amphiphilic molecules, effectively partitioning a silica precursor to the hydrophilic regions of the structure. Promotion of silica condensation, followed by removal of the surfactant, provides ordered spherical mesoporous particles.

Abstract: An insulating target material for obtaining a conductive complex oxide film represented by a general formula ABO3. The insulating target material includes: an oxide of an element A; an oxide of an element B; an oxide of an element X; and at least one of an Si compound and a Ge compound, the element A being at least one element selected from La, Ca, Sr, Mn, Ba, and Re, the element B being at least one element selected from Ti, V, Sr, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Ir, Pb, and Nd, and the element X being at least one element selected from Nb, Ta, and V.

Abstract: A sol-gel process for preparing a mixture of metal-oxide-metal compounds wherein at least one metal oxide precursor is subjected to a hydrolysis treatment to obtain one or more corresponding metal oxide hydroxides, the metal oxide hydroxides so obtained are subjected to a condensation treatment to form the metal-oxide-metal compounds, which process is carried out in the presence of an encapsulated catalyst, whereby the catalytically active species is released from the encapsulating unit by exposure to an external stimulus, and wherein the catalytically active species released after exposure to such external stimulus is capable of catalyzing the condensation of the metal-hydroxide groups that are present in the metal oxide hydroxides so obtained.

Abstract: A process for producing aqueous silica-based sols, having an S value from 15 to 25%, mole ratio Si:Al from 20:1 to 50:1, mole ratio Si:X, where X=alkali metal, from 5:1 to 17:1, SiO2 content of at least 5% by weight and containing silica-based particles having a specific surface area of at least 300 m2/g, are disclosed wherein a cationic ion exchange resin having part of its ion exchange capacity in hydrogen form is contacted with an aqueous alkali metal silicate to form a slurry having a pH from 5.0 to 11.5 and/or having particle aggregation or microgel formation corresponding to a S value up to 45%; adjusting the pH using a material comprising an aluminium compound; and separating the resin from the slurry. Further, the use of such silica-based sols in producing paper is disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions, materials incorporating the compositions, and methods of use thereof, for the protection and/or decontamination of contaminants are disclosed.

Abstract: A nanoporous metal oxide material comprising two or more metal oxides, wherein the nanoporous metal oxide material has ceria content of 10 to 60 weight %, zirconia content of 20 to 90 weight %, and alumina content of 70 weight % or less, and has nanopores whose diameters are 10 nm or less, and the metal oxides are homogeneously dispersed in a wall constituting the nanopores.

Abstract: This invention relates to partially ordered and ordered oxynitride perovskites of the general formula ABO2N that are polar insulators. A comprises one or more cations or set of cations that sit in sites derived from the A-site in the perovskite structure. B comprises one or more cations or set of cations that sit in sites derived from the B-site in the perovskite structure. C comprises oxygen, O, with optionally some nitrogen, N, and D comprises N, with optionally some O. The total valence of the cations A+B is equal to the total valence of the anions 2 C+D. Also disclosed are methods of producing such oxynitride perovskites and uses of such oxynitride perovskites.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a solid dopant for doping a conductive polymer, which has a high dispersibility in a solvent by a plasma treatment, a method and an apparatus for preparing the solid dopants, a solid doping method of a conductive polymer using the solid dopants, and a solid doping method of a conductive polymer using plasma.

Abstract: A material comprising a plurality of nanoparticles. Each of the plurality of nanoparticles includes at least one of a metal phosphate, a metal silicate, a metal oxide, a metal borate, a metal aluminate, and combinations thereof. The plurality of nanoparticles is substantially monodisperse. Also disclosed is a method of making a plurality of substantially monodisperse nanoparticles. The method includes providing a slurry of at least one metal precursor, maintaining the pH of the slurry at a predetermined value, mechanically milling the slurry, drying the slurry to form a powder; and calcining the powder at a predetermined temperature to form the plurality of nanoparticles.