Abstract: The preparation of metal and metalloid carbides, borides, nitrides silicides and sulfides by reaction in the vapor phase of the corresponding vaporous metal halide, e.g., metal chloride, with a source of carbon, boron, nitrogen, silicon or sulfur respectively in a reactor is described. Reactants can be introduced into the reactor through a reactant inlet nozzle assembly. Inhibition and often substantial elimination of product growth on exposed surfaces of such assembly is accomplished by introducing the corresponding substantially anhydrous hydrogen halide, e.g., hydrogen chloride, into the principal reactant mixing zone.

Abstract: 1. The process for cleaving substituted ammonia compounds containing nitrogen-hydrogen bonds selected from the group consisting of alkali metal amides, urea, biuret, sulfamide, formamide, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, cyanoguanidine and melamine and fluorinating the resulting cleavage products, which comprises in combination the steps of:A. introducing into a reaction zone one or more of the afore-mentioned substituted ammonia compounds as starting material and a fluoride catalyst, said fluoride catalyst being a fluoride of a metal which forms an acid salt with hydrogen fluoride,B. subjecting said starting material to the action of elemental fluorine while in the presence of said catalyst,C. maintaining temperatures in the reaction zone substantially in the range of 0.degree.-300.degree.C. but not above the phase change temperature of the starting material if a liquid, or not above the decomposition temperature of the starting material if a solid, andD.

Abstract: This invention relates to the retardation of evaporation of ammonia and amines from essentially aqueous solutions by admixture thereto of an alkyl ether having the formula:R -- (0[CH.sub.2 ].sub.y).sub.n --R', wherein R is an alkyl group containing from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, and R' is an --OH or --NH.sub.2 group, y is an integer of 2 to 4, and n is an integer of 1 to 10.

Abstract: Solid compositions, stable at ambient temperatures, which generate hydrogen as when heated to initiate the reaction between the components of the composition.The compositions comprise certain ammonium salts such as NH.sub.4 Cl and complex hydrides such as LiAlH.sub.4 and NaAlH.sub.4 or certain hydrazine derivates such as N.sub.2 H.sub.6 Cl.sub.2 and complex hydrides such as NaBH.sub.4.