Group Iiia Metal Or Beryllium (al, Ga, In, Tl, Or Be) Patents (Class 423/624)
- Utilizing acid (Class 423/626)
- Reacting metallic aluminum with water or water vapor (Class 423/627)
- Forming catalyst, sorbent activated, or narrow pore alumina (Class 423/628)
- Hydroxide (Class 423/629)
- Utilizing carbon or compound thereof as reactant (Class 423/630)
- Utilizing nitrogenous compound as reactant (Class 423/631)
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Patent number: 6537510Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a conductive pigment powder, which includes indium oxide, tin and gold, and having a purple color tone. Other embodiments of the present invention provide a method of producing a conductive pigment powder; a dispersion solution and a transparent conductive film, which include the above-mentioned conductive pigment powder; a method of forming a transparent conductive film; and a cathode ray tube, which includes the above-mentioned transparent conductive film and a transparent substrate.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 2002Date of Patent: March 25, 2003Assignee: Mitsubishi Materials CorporationInventors: Toshiharu Hayashi, Hiroshi Yamaguchi, Daisuke Shibuta
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Patent number: 6533966Abstract: Suspensions and powders based on indium tin oxide are prepared by a method in which indium tin oxide precursors are precipitated from solutions in one or more solvents in the presence of one or more surface-modifying components, the solvent(s) are removed from the precipitate, which is then calcined, one or more surface-modifying components and one or more solvents are added, the mixture is comminuted or dispersed to form a suspension, and the liquid components are separated from the suspension to give a powder. The powder may be converted into a moulding by a shaping process. The materials prepared by this method are especially suitable as coating materials for use in microelectronics and optoelectronics.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2001Date of Patent: March 18, 2003Assignee: Institut für Neue Materialien gem. GmbHInventors: Ralph Nonninger, Christian Goebbert, Helmut Schmidt, Robert Drumm, Stefan Sepeur
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Patent number: 6511614Abstract: Disclosed are a powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae suitable as an electroconductive filler for an electroconductive ink to be used for forming a transparent electroconductive film, a method for producing a raw material to be used for producing the powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae, which has a major diameter of 5 &mgr;m or more and a ratio of the major diameter to the minor diameter of 5 or more, an electroconductive paste capable of forming a light-transmitting electroconductive film having sufficient electroconductivity and light transmittance by printing, such as screen-printing, followed by high-temperature baking, and a light-transmitting electroconductive film to be formed from the paste. The raw material is produced by heating and concentrating an aqueous solution containing indium ions and nitrato ions to form a high-viscosity slurry followed by separating a powder of aciculae from the slurry. By calcining the raw material, a powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae is produced.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1999Date of Patent: January 28, 2003Assignee: Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masaya Yukinobu, Morikazu Kojima, Mitsuo Usuba
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Patent number: 6500364Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, the material is a non-linear optical compound with a general chemical formula (&Sgr;iM&agr;i1)(&Sgr;jM&bgr;j2)(&Sgr;kM&ggr;k3)Be2O5 Formula 1 wherein M1, M2, and M3 are mono-, di-, or tri-valent metal ions respectively; wherein (&Sgr;i&bgr;i)=X and ranges from 0 to 6, (&Sgr;j&bgr;j)=Y and ranges from 0 to 3, and (&Sgr;k&ggr;k)=Z and ranges from 0 to 2, (hereinafter referred to as “MBE2O5” compounds).Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 2001Date of Patent: December 31, 2002Assignee: ReyTech CorporationInventors: Thomas A. Reynolds, Theodore Alekel, Douglas A. Keszler
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Publication number: 20020155060Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, the material is a non-linear optical compound with a beryllium oxide (BeO2) framework or superstructure.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 22, 2001Publication date: October 24, 2002Inventors: Thomas A. Reynolds, Theodore Alekel, Douglas A. Keszler
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Publication number: 20020025468Abstract: A solid electrolyte material contains an A site-deficient complex oxide represented by a chemical formula A1-&agr;BO3-&dgr;, in which a B site contains at least Ga. This solid electrolyte material has stability, high oxide-ion conductivity at low temperature and high toughness. A method of manufacturing the solid electrolyte material, comprises: mixing oxide materials of respective constituent elements; baking temporarily the mixed materials at 1100 to 1200° C. for 2 to 10 hours; grinding the temporarily baked materials to powder; molding the powder; and sintering the molded powder. A solid oxide fuel cell, has: the solid electrolyte material; a cathode electrode formed on one surface of the solid electrolyte material; and an anode electrode formed on the other surface of the solid electrolyte material. The solid oxide fuel cell has a stable and long operation at low temperature.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 28, 2001Publication date: February 28, 2002Applicant: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tatsuo Sugiyama, Kazuo Matsuo, Fumio Munakata, Yoshio Akimune
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Patent number: 6328947Abstract: A method for producing fine particles of metal oxide characterized in that metal halide is hydrolyzed in the presence of organic solvent. According to this invention, under hydrolysis of titanium tetrachrolide, anatase type titanium oxide can be obtained by selecting hydrophilic organic solvent, and rutile type titanium oxide can be obtained by selecting hydrophobic organic solvent.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 1998Date of Patent: December 11, 2001Assignee: Showa Denko K.K.Inventors: Ryuji Monden, Kasumi Nakamura, Chozo Inoue, Masahiro Ohmori, Jun Tanaka, Tamotsu Yamashita, Mayumi Miyazawa
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Patent number: 6303091Abstract: A metal oxide powder except &agr;-alumina, is disclosed comprising polyhedral particles having at least 6 planes each, a number average particle size of from 0.1 to 300 &mgr;m, and a D90/D10 ratio of 10 or less where D10 and D90 are particle sizes at 10% and 90% accumulation, respectively from the smallest particle size side in a cumulative particle size curve of the particles. This metal oxide powder contains less agglomerated particles, and has a narrow particle size distribution and a uniform particle shape.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1995Date of Patent: October 16, 2001Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Masahide Mohri, Hironobu Koike, Shinichiro Tanaka, Tetsu Umeda, Hisashi Watanabe, Kunio Saegusa, Akira Hasegawa
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Patent number: 6217843Abstract: A method for the preparation of nanoparticles of metal oxides containing inserted metal particles and to metal-intercalated and/or metal-encaged “inorganic fullerene-like” (hereinafter IF) structures of metal chalcogenides obtained therefrom is provided, which comprises heating a metal I material with water vapor or electron beam evaporation of said metal I material with water or another suitable solvent, in the presence of a metal II salt, and recovering the metal II-doped metal I oxide, or proceeding to subsequent sulfidization, yielding bulk quantities of metal II-intercalated or metal II-encaged IF structures of the metal I chalcogenide. The metal II salt is preferably an alkaline, alkaline earth or transition metal salt, most preferably an alkali chloride. The intercalated and/or encaged IF structures are usable as lubricants. They also form stable suspensions, e.g.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 2000Date of Patent: April 17, 2001Assignee: Yeda Research and Development Co., Ltd.Inventors: Moshe Homyonfer, Reshef Tenne, Yishay Feldman
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Patent number: 6218335Abstract: A porous spinel type oxide shows a large surface area and a uniform micro-porous structure. The oxide is expressed by general formula MO—Al2O3 and shows a surface area per unit weight of not less than 80 m2/g. Such a porous spinel type compound oxide is obtained by impregnating a specific &ggr;-alumina carrier with a solution of a compound of metal element M capable of taking a valence of 2, drying the impregnated carrier and calcining it at a temperature of 600° C. or higher. The specific &ggr;-alumina carrier shows a surface area per unit weight of not less than 150 m2/g, a micro-pore volume per unit weight of not less than 0.55 cm3/g and an average micro-pore diameter between 90 and 200 angstroms. The micro-pores with a diameter between 90 and 200 angstroms occupy not less than 60% of the total micro-pore volume of the carrier.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1999Date of Patent: April 17, 2001Assignee: Chiyoda CorporationInventors: Yoshimi Okada, Kenichi Imagawa, Susumu Yamamoto
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Patent number: 6200680Abstract: A process for producing zinc oxide fine particles comprising heating a mixture comprising a zinc source, a carboxyl-containing compound, and an alcohol; a process for producing zinc oxide-polymer composite particles, which comprises heating a mixture comprising a zinc source, a carboxyl-containing compound, a polymer, and an alcohol at a temperature of 100° C. or higher; a process for producing inorganic compound particles having on their surface a cluster of thin plate like zinc oxide crystals with their tip projecting outward, which comprises heating a mixture comprising a zinc source, a carboxyl-containing compound, lactic acid or a compound thereof, and an alcohol at a temperature of 100° C.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1997Date of Patent: March 13, 2001Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mitsuo Takeda, Tatsuhito Matsuda
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Patent number: 6139816Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of ultra-fine powders of metal oxide wherein a surfactant is added to the solution for the preparation of the metal oxide to provide nanometer metal oxide powders without the utilization of vacuum or high pressure conditions is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1997Date of Patent: October 31, 2000Assignee: Merck Kanto Advanced Chemical LTDInventors: Ru-Shi Liu, Shich-Chang Suen, Yu-Hua Kao
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Patent number: 6129902Abstract: A process for producing positive electrode active material includes feeding an aqueous nickel salt solution, aqueous solutions of different kinds of metals, aqueous solution containing ammonium ions and aqueous alkali solution each independently and simultaneously into a reaction vessel such that the amount of alkali metal is 1.9-2.3 moles relative to 1 mole of the total amount of nickel and different kinds of metals and the amount of ammonium ions is 2 moles or more relative to 1 mole of the total amount of nickel and different kinds of metals, the pH in the vessel is 11-13, the temperature in the vessel is 30-60.degree. C. and the average residence time is 20-50 hours.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1998Date of Patent: October 10, 2000Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroyuki Sakamoto, Hidekatsu Izumi, Hirokazu Kimiya, Yoichi Izumi, Isao Matsumoto
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Patent number: 6117572Abstract: Compounds of the general formula Ca.sub.2 MeSbO.sub.6 where Me is a 3+ ion selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), scandium (Sc), indium (In), gallium (Ga), or a rare earth metal have been prepared and included as the substrate or barrier dielectric in high critical temperature thin film superconductors, ferroelectrics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics, and hybrid device structures.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 1997Date of Patent: September 12, 2000Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Steven C. Tidrow, Arthur Tauber, William D. Wilber, Robert D. Finnegan
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Patent number: 6096285Abstract: Herein disclosed is 6 indium tin oxide (ITO) fine powder whose crystal form is a corundum type one and which has a true specific gravity of not less than 6.5 g/cc, a green density of not less than 3.0 g/cc, and a Seebeck coefficient of less than 30 .mu.V/cc at ordinary temperature and less than 80 .mu.V/cc after heating at 200.degree. C. The ITO fine powder can be prepared by a method which comprises the steps of neutralizing an aqueous solution containing an indium salt and a tin salt with ammonia to thus control the pH of the reaction solution to the range of from 6.8 to 7.5; separating the resulting neutralized precipitates through filtration; drying and washing the precipitates; calcining the precipitates in the air at a temperature ranging from 550 to 700.degree. C.; and then reducing-burning at a temperature ranging from 350 to 450.degree. C. in a reducing atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1998Date of Patent: August 1, 2000Assignee: Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takao Hayashi, Kouichi Kawaratani, Hiroyuki Shimamura
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Patent number: 6051166Abstract: A method for producing an indium oxide-tin oxide powder, which comprises supplying to react an aqueous solution of an indium salt, an aqueous solution of a tin salt and an aqueous alkaline solution into water at 40.degree. C. or more and less than 100.degree. C. so that the pH during the reaction is maintained within the range from 4 to 6, forming a precipitate, washing the formed precipitate after solid-liquid separation, and calcining the precipitate at 600.degree. C. or more and 1300.degree. C. or less.Type: GrantFiled: December 4, 1996Date of Patent: April 18, 2000Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Corporation, LimitedInventors: Shinji Fujiwara, Akira Hasegawa, Kunio Saegusa
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Patent number: 6030507Abstract: A process for making a crystalline solid-solution powder which involves reacting at least two reactants in a plasma arc of a plasma chamber and blast-cooling the resultant product in a high velocity gas stream to form the powder. The first reactant is a molten metal alloy and the second reactant is a gas. The reaction is carried out in a plasma arc and the products rapidly cooled by a gas stream acting at the outlet opening of the plasma chamber. The crystalline solid-solution powder formed by the process has a low electrical resistivity. If an indium-tin alloy is used as the first reactant and oxygen as the second reactant, there is obtained an indium-tin-oxide (ITO) crystalline solid-solution powder which, when compacted to 40% of its theoretical density, has an electrical resistivity in the range of about 2 .OMEGA.cm. This ITO crystalline solid-solution powder is particularly suitable for preparing an ITO target, with high electrical conductivity and thus high achievable sputtering rates.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1998Date of Patent: February 29, 2000Assignee: W.C. Heraeus GmbH & Co. KGInventors: David Francis Lupton, Jorg Schielke, Marek Gorywoda, Bernard Serole, Friedhold Scholz
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Patent number: 6007790Abstract: A new family of crystalline and microporous compositions having indium and silicon as essential framework elements have been synthesized. These compositions are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and an empirical formula of:A.sub.p (In.sub.1-n M.sub.n).sub.y Si.sub.1-z Ge.sub.z O.sub.xwhere A is a cation such as sodium or potassium and M is a metal having a valence of +3, +4 or +5 such as iron (+3), titanium (+4) and niobium (+5).Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 1998Date of Patent: December 28, 1999Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: Robert L. Bedard, Lisa M. King, David S. Bem, Jana L. Gisselquist, Susan C. Koster
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Patent number: 5874374Abstract: A method for producing engineered materials from salt/polymer aqueous solutions in which an aqueous continuous phase having at least one metal cation salt is mixed with a hydrophilic organic polymeric disperse phase so as to form a metal cation/polymer gel. The metal cation/polymer gel is then treated to form a structural mass precursor, which structural mass precursor is heated, resulting in formation of a structural mass having predetermined characteristics based upon the intended application of the structural mass.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1997Date of Patent: February 23, 1999Assignee: Institute of Gas TechnologyInventor: Estela Ong
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Patent number: 5855862Abstract: A method for preparing an oxide (P), which includes the steps of (i) forming a solid phase compound (O) based on an oxide containing molecular entities (1) chosen from optionally substituted ammonium, diammonium, diazan-ium or diazandium, the entities being distributed within the solid matrix, and (ii) eliminating the entities (1) from the solid phase compound (O) by reacting the solid phase compound (O) with a gaseous stream containing a break-down reactant for the entities (1), and isolating the resulting solid material (P).Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1997Date of Patent: January 5, 1999Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventors: Jean-Claude Grenier, Jean-Pierre Doumerc, Stephane Petit
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Patent number: 5840267Abstract: A method for producing a metal oxide powder which comprises heating a metal or metals in an atmosphere gas comprising a halogen gas, a hydrogen halide gas or a mixture of these gases in a concentration of from 0.5% by volume or more to 99.5% by volume or less; and oxygen, water vapor or a mixture of these gases in a concentration of from 0.5% by volume or more to 99.5% by volume or less.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1996Date of Patent: November 24, 1998Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventor: Kunio Saegusa
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Patent number: 5833941Abstract: Disclosed are a powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae suitable as an electroconductive filler for an electroconductive ink to be used for forming a transparent electroconductive film, a method for producing a raw material to be used for producing the powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae, which has a major diameter of 5 .mu.m or more and a ratio of the major diameter to the minor diameter of 5 or more, an electroconductive paste capable of forming a light-transmitting electroconductive film having sufficient electroconductivity and light transmittance by printing, such as screen-printing, followed by high-temperature baking, and a light-transmitting electroconductive film to be formed from the paste. The raw material is produced by heating and concentrating an aqueous solution containing indium ions and nitrato ions to form a high-viscosity slurry followed by separating a powder of aciculae from the slurry. By calcining the raw material, a powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae is produced.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1996Date of Patent: November 10, 1998Assignee: Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masaya Yukinobu, Morikazu Kojima, Mitsuo Usuba
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Patent number: 5820843Abstract: Disclosed are a powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae suitable as an electroconductive filler for an electroconductive ink to be used for forming a transparent electroconductive film, a method for producing a raw material to be used for producing the powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae, which has a major diameter of 5 .mu.m or more and a ratio of the major diameter to the minor diameter of 5 or more, an electroconductive paste capable of forming a light-transmitting electroconductive film having sufficient electroconductivity and light transmittance by printing, such as screen-printing, followed by high-temperature baking, and a light-transmitting electroconductive film to be formed from the paste. The raw material is produced by heating and concentrating an aqueous solution containing indium ions and nitrato ions to form a high-viscosity slurry followed by separating a powder of aciculae from the slurry. By calcining the raw material, a powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae is produced.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1996Date of Patent: October 13, 1998Assignee: Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masaya Yukinobu, Morikazu Kojima, Mitsuo Usuba
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Patent number: 5736071Abstract: The invention relates to a double oxide which is transparent and electrically conductive. This double oxide has a defective fluorite crystal structure and is represented by a formula of In.sub.3 Sb.sub.1-X O.sub.7-.delta. where X is in a range of from about -0.2 to about 0.2, and .delta. is in a range of from about -0.5 to about 0.5. The double oxide is good in electric conductivity and high in visible light transmittance, in particular in short wavelength region of visible light, as compared with conventional oxide materials.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1997Date of Patent: April 7, 1998Assignee: Central Glass Company, LimitedInventor: Keiji Sato
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Patent number: 5698483Abstract: A process for producing nano size powders comprising the steps of mixing an aqueous continuous phase comprising at least one metal cation salt with a hydrophilic organic polymeric disperse phase, forming a metal cation salt/polymer gel, and heat treating the gel at a temperature sufficient to drive off water and organics within the gel, leaving as a residue a nanometer particle-size powder.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 1995Date of Patent: December 16, 1997Assignee: Institute of Gas TechnologyInventors: Estela T. Ong, Vahid Sendijarevic
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Patent number: 5595729Abstract: Disclosed are basic aluminum antiperspirant materials having univalent complex oxoanions (e.g., nitrate); methods of making such materials; antiperspirant compositions containing such basic aluminum materials, another antiperspirant active material (e.g., a basic zirconium halide salt), and optionally a neutral amino acid; and methods of making such compositions. Size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography chromatograms of the disclosed basic aluminum materials have a peak 4 relative area of at least 25%, a peak 3 relative area of less than 60%, the sum of the peaks 3 and 4 being at least 50%; and less than 10% of the chromatographic peaks eluting at peaks 1 and 2. The disclosed basic aluminum materials have less than 25% of the aluminum in the form of Al.sup.b polyhydroxyaquoaluminum, and have a .sup.27 Al NMR spectrum in which the area of the 71.5-73.5 ppm resonance line includes more than 50% of the combined areas of the 62.5-63.5 ppm and 71.5-73.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 1993Date of Patent: January 21, 1997Assignee: The Mennen CompanyInventors: Morton L. Barr, Paul J. Vincenti, Elaine L. Vanderhoof
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Patent number: 5580496Abstract: Disclosed are a powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae suitable as an electroconductive filler for an electroconductive ink to be used for forming a transparent electroconductive film, a method for producing a raw material to be used for producing the powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae, which has a major diameter of 5 .mu.m or more and a ratio of the major diameter to the minor diameter of 5 or more, an electroconductive paste capable of forming a light-transmitting electroconductive film having sufficient electroconductivity and light transmittance by printing, such as screen-printing, followed by high-temperature baking, and a light-transmitting electroconductive film to be formed from the paste. The raw material is produced by heating and concentrating an aqueous solution containing indium ions and nitrato ions to form a high-viscosity slurry followed by separating a powder of aciculae from the slurry. By calcining the raw material, a powder of indium-tin oxide aciculae is produced.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 1994Date of Patent: December 3, 1996Assignee: Sumitomo Metal Mining Company LimitedInventors: Masaya Yukinobu, Morikazu Kojima, Mitsuo Usuba
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Patent number: 5578248Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for use in a formation of transparent and electrically conductive film having a low electric resistance and a high transmittance and a method for making the film mentioned above. A mixture of inorganic indium compound and organic tin compound is combined with organic compound capable of coordinating with either of indium and tin to form an organic solution. When the mixture is heated, the inorganic indium compound and the organic tin compound coordinating partially with the organic compound react with water of crystallization of inorganic indium compound. The organic tin compound is partially subjected to hydrolysis to form an intermediate complex compound including indium and tin. This suppresses the evaporation of tin and generates a uniform film having a high transmittance and a low electric resistance.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: November 26, 1996Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Akiyoshi Hattori, Akihiko Yoshida, Atsushi Nishino
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Patent number: 5447708Abstract: An apparatus provides high temperature and short residence time conditions for the production of nanoscale ceramic powders. The apparatus includes a confinement structure having a multiple inclined surfaces for confining flame located between the surfaces so as to define a flame zone. A burner system employs one or more burners to provide flame to the flame zone. Each burner is located in the flame zone in close proximity to at least one of the inclined surfaces. A delivery system disposed adjacent the flame zone delivers an aerosol, comprising an organic or carbonaceous carrier material and a ceramic precursor, to the flame zone to expose the aerosol to a temperature sufficient to induce combustion of the carrier material and vaporization and nucleation, or diffusion and oxidation, of the ceramic precursor to form pure, crystalline, narrow size distribution, nanophase ceramic particles.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 1993Date of Patent: September 5, 1995Assignee: Physical Sciences, Inc.Inventors: Joseph J. Helble, Gary A. Moniz, Theodore F. Morse
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Patent number: 5407602Abstract: Applicant has discovered that aliovalently doped gallium-indium-oxide (GaInO.sub.3) can achieve electrical conductivity comparable to wide band-gap semiconductors presently in use while exhibiting enhanced transparency and improved index matching. The material can be doped to resistivity of less than 10 milliohm-cm by small quantities of aliovalent dopants, such as tetravalent atoms. It has a refractive index of about 1.6 and can be deposited on glass substrates in polycrystalline films.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 1993Date of Patent: April 18, 1995Assignee: AT&T Corp.Inventor: Robert J. Cava
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Patent number: 5401701Abstract: An ITO sintered body according to the present invention has a density thereof of between 90 and 100% and a sintering particle size of between 1 and 20 .mu.m. A proportion of (In.sub.0.6 Sn.sub.0.4).sub.2 O.sub.3 in the ITO sintered body is 10% or below. Such an ITO sintered body is manufactured by mixing an indium oxide powder, whose BET surface area is between 15 and 30 m.sup.2 /g, a BET size/a crystallite size is 2 or below, and an average primary particle size is between 0.03 and 0.1 .mu.m, with tin oxide whose BET surface area is 3 m.sup.2 /g or below, and then by sintering the mixture.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 1993Date of Patent: March 28, 1995Assignee: Tosoh CorporationInventors: Nobuhiro Ogawa, Kimitaka Kuma, Chikara Uema, Kazuaki Yamamoto, Ryoji Yoshimura, Takashi Mouri
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Patent number: 5358695Abstract: Submicron sized ceramic particles are produced by combining a ceramic precursor with an organic or carbonaceous carrier material, and exposing droplets of the mixture to a temperature sufficient to cause combustion of the organic material and subsequent vaporization and nucleation, or diffusion and oxidation, of the ceramic precursor to form pure, crystalline, uniform nanophase ceramic particles.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1993Date of Patent: October 25, 1994Assignee: Physical Sciences, Inc.Inventors: Joseph J. Helble, Gary A. Moniz, Joseph R. Morency
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Patent number: 5316752Abstract: A process for producing mixed oxides containing an alumina species in which a mixture of a hydrated alumina having a specified surface area (average crystal size), a fluid medium and a compound having the formula M.sub.x A.sub.y wherein M is selected from the group consisting of metals, silicon, boron, arsenic and tellurium, A is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and anions, x is from 1 to 4 and y has a value satisfying said formula depending on the valence of M, is formed into a uniform sol, the sol is recovered from the liquid medium and dehydrated, and the dehydrated product is de-agglomerated to produce a mixed oxide having an average particle size of about 1 micron or less.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1991Date of Patent: May 31, 1994Assignee: Vista Chemical CompanyInventors: Ronald L. Beggs, Duane J. Lewis, David A. Barclay
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Patent number: 5306698Abstract: Improved processes for making thin film and bulk thallium superconductors are described, as well as Tl superconductors having high critical current densities and low surface impedance. An annealing step in a reduced oxygen atmosphere is used to convert compounds containing thallium, calcium, barium and copper to a Tl-2223 superconducting phase or to convert an oxide having the nominal composition Tl.sub.2 Ca.sub.2 Ba.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x to a crystalline Tl-2223 phase. The oxygen pressure during annealing is controlled to be below the thermodynamic stability limit for conversion of Tl-2223 to Tl-2122 and secondary phases. Temperatures less than 880.degree. C. are used, the oxygen pressure being sufficient to prevent excess thallium loss so that the Tl content in the final Tl-2223 phase is Tl.sub.1.6-2.0. Electrical devices including SQUIDs can be made with these improved superconductors.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1991Date of Patent: April 26, 1994Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Byung T. Ahn, Robert B. Beyers, Wen Y. Lee
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Patent number: 5304382Abstract: Ferritin analogs comprising an apoferritin protein shell and a core substantially devoid of ferrihydrite, e.g. of inorganic composition such as aluminum hydroxide or organic composition such as acetaminophen. The protein shell can be removed from ferritin analog to produce spherules having a substantially monomodal nominal diameter between about 45 and 100 Angstroms.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 1992Date of Patent: April 19, 1994Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventor: Bruce F. Monzyk
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Patent number: 5268334Abstract: A process for producing beryllium oxide (BeO) from beryllium hydroxide (Be(OH).sub.2) in a single reactive step. Beryllium hydroxide powder is mixed with a calcination additive containing Mg and/or Ca and calcined at 1000.degree.-1300.degree. C. The resultant oxide pow-der is characterized by low fluorine content (<100 ppm), low surface area (<1.5 m.sup.2 /g) and a controlled particle size of 2 .mu.m to 25 .mu.m.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 1991Date of Patent: December 7, 1993Assignee: Brush Wellman, Inc.Inventors: Mark N. Emly, Donald J. Kaczynski
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Patent number: 5204074Abstract: Gallium values are recovered from basic aqueous solutions thereof, e.g., Bayer liquors, by (i) contacting such basic aqueous solution (A) with a medium (I) containing a gallium extractant, whereby the gallium values are transferred to the medium (I), (ii) contacting such gallium-enriched medium (I) with a basic aqueous solution (B) and back-extracting the gallium values into the basic aqueous solution (B), (iii) contacting such gallium-enriched basic aqueous solution (B) with a second medium (II) containing a gallium extractant, whereby the gallium values are transferred to the medium (II), and (iv) contacting such gallium-enriched medium (II) with an aqueous solution (C), which may be acidic or basic, and back-extracting the gallium values into the aqueous solution (C); such gallium-enriched aqueous solution (C) may, for example, be directly electrolyzed to produce gallium metal.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 1990Date of Patent: April 20, 1993Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventors: Yvette Pescher, Jean-Louis Sabot
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Patent number: 5200377Abstract: A crystalline zeolite SSZ-28 is prepared using an N,N-dimethyl-tropinium or N,N-dimethyl-3-azonium bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane cation as a template. Also disclosed is a process for converting hydrocarbons with crystalline zeolite SSZ-28.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1992Date of Patent: April 6, 1993Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventors: Stacey I. Zones, Dennis L. Holtermann, Robert A. Innes
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Patent number: 5175140Abstract: A new high Tc superconducting compound oxide material represented by the general formula:AuBvCwCuxOyin which"A" is selected from the group consisting of magnesium(Mg), calcium(Ca), strontium(Sr) and barium(Ba);"B" is selected from the group consisting of yttrium(Y), lanthanum(La), and lanthanide elements;"C" is selected from the group consisting of vanadium (V), tantalum(Ta), indium(In), and thallium(Tl), and ##EQU1##Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 1990Date of Patent: December 29, 1992Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Nobuhiko Fujita, Tadakazu Kobayashi, Hideo Itozaki, Saburo Tanaka, Shuji Yazu, Tetsuji Jodai
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Patent number: 5168095Abstract: A composite oxide synthesized by a citrating process and utilized in functional ceramics materials is prepared by the following process. Co-precipitants or mixtures of at least one component selected from the group consisting of carbonates, basic copper and/or hydroxides of elements which compose a composite oxide are reacted with citric acid in an aqueous solution or in an organic solvent. The elements are selected from at least one element of the group consisting of Y, rare earth elements, transition elements, and alkali metal or alkaline earth metal elements. The citrate compound formed is baked to complete the composite oxide.The composite oxide synthesized by this invention has superconduction at the most temperature of 93.degree. K. with excellent Meissner effect.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1991Date of Patent: December 1, 1992Assignees: Nissan Motor Company Ltd., Seimi Chemical Co. Ltd.Inventors: Fumio Munakata, Mitsugu Yamanaka, Susumu Hiyama
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Patent number: 5164362Abstract: A high temperature superconductor having the formula Tl-Sr-Ca-Cu-O and a transition temperature about 70 K (with some evidence of a 100 K phase) is provided. Processes for making high temperature superconductors are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 1988Date of Patent: November 17, 1992Assignee: University of ArkansasInventors: Allen M. Hermann, Zhengzhi Sheng
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Patent number: 5145834Abstract: A new high temperature superconducting system with transition temperature above 120 K is disclosed. One superconductor in that system in a preferred embodiment comprises TlRBaCuO wherein R is chosen from Group 2A elements excluding Ba. In a preferred embodiment, the superconductor is TlCaBaCuO. In another preferred embodiment, the superconductor comprises TlSrCuO. Processes for making high temperature superconducting system are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 1991Date of Patent: September 8, 1992Assignee: University of ArkansasInventors: Allen M. Hermann, Zhengzhi Sheng
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Patent number: 5120704Abstract: High T.sub.c superconducting compounds are made by forming a reaction mixture of the oxides of Sr, Cu, Ca and Tl, compressing these into a hardened body, and placing the hardened body into a container. The container is then evacuated and sealed. The hardened body is heated under pressure until the oxides of Sr, Ca, Cu, and Tl react to form a superconducting compound.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1989Date of Patent: June 9, 1992Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: William L. Lechter, Michael S. Osofsky, Earl F. Skelton, Louis E. Toth
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Patent number: 5108732Abstract: A process for preparing finely-divided oxides of metals of metalloids of the elements of main groups III and IV and sub-groups III, IV, V and VI of the Periodic System of Elements, comprising reacting compounds of these elements with a polymerizable hydrocarbon compound or mixture to form a polymer product, which is then thermally treated to yield the oxide product.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 1990Date of Patent: April 28, 1992Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wolgang Krumbe, Benno Laubach
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Patent number: 5106830Abstract: A high temperature superconducting system has the general composition Tl-R-X-Y, wherein: R is a Group 2A element; X is a group 1B element; and Y is a Group 6A element. Preferably, the composition has the following formula Tl-Ba-Cu-O. The high temperature superconductor of the present invention has a transition temperature of about 90 K with the probability of one phase superconducting at a temerature perhaps as high as 270 K. Processes for making the high temperature superconductor are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1990Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: University of ArkansasInventors: Zhengzhi Sheng, Allen M. Hermann
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Patent number: 5100641Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing aluminum hydroxide in the form of gibbsite in particular shapes, suitable for use as a filler, flame retardant and/or fibrous reinforcement. The process includes the steps of crystallizing gibbsite from a Bayer process sodium aluminate liquor, in the presence of an additive comprising either a hydroxycarboxilic acid for producing needle shaped, rod-like hydrargillite or in the presence of a polyalcohol, fatty acid or lithium compound for producing platy or tabular gibbsite.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1989Date of Patent: March 31, 1992Assignee: Vereinigte Aluminium-Werke AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hubertus Schmidt, Albrecht Husmann
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Patent number: 5100866Abstract: A superconducting material and a process for producing a superconducting material comprising a compound oxide represented by the general formula:(Ba, .gamma.).sub.x (.alpha.,.beta.).sub.1 -.sub.x .epsilon..sub.y Cu.sub.1-y O.sub.3-zin which".gamma." represents an element of the IIa group of the periodic table except Ba, and atomic ratio of .gamma. to Ba, being selected in a range between 1% and 90%,".alpha." represents Y or La,".beta." represents an element of the IIIa group of the periodic table but is different from .alpha., an atomic ratio of .beta. to .alpha. being selected in a range between 1 and 90%,".epsilon." represents a metal element of the IIIb group of the periodic table, x, y and z are numbers each satisfies ranges of 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1, 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1, and 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.1 respectively, andthe expression of (Ba, .gamma.) and (.alpha.,.beta.) mean that the respective elements occupy predetermined sites in a crystal in a predetermined proportion.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1989Date of Patent: March 31, 1992Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd.Inventors: Hideo Itozaki, Saburo Tanaka, Nobuhiko Fujita, Shuji Yazu, Tetsuji Jodai
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Patent number: 5093312Abstract: A superconducting material and a process for producing a superconducting material comprising a compound oxide represented by the general formula:(Ba, .gamma.).sub.x (.alpha.,.beta.).sub.1-x .epsilon..sub.y Cu.sub.1-y O.sub.3-zin which".gamma." represents an element of the IIa group of the periodic table except Ba, an atomic ratio of .gamma. to Ba, being selected in a range between 1% and 90%,".alpha." represents Y or La,".beta." represents an element of the IIIa group of the periodic table but is different from .alpha., and atomic ratio of .beta. to .alpha. being selected in a range between 1 and 90%,".epsilon." represents a metal element of the IIIb group of the periodic table, x, y and z are numbers each satisfies ranges of 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1, 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1, and 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.1 respectively, andthe expression of (Ba, .gamma.) and (.alpha., .beta.) mean that the respective elements occupy predetermined sites in a crystal in a predetermined proportion.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1989Date of Patent: March 3, 1992Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Hideo Itozaki, Saburo Tanaka, Nobuhiko Fujita, Shuji Yazu, Tetsuji Jodai
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Patent number: 5091160Abstract: A method of eliminating the foam above a slurry of a corrosive liquid and solid matter where the foam is caused by a gas evolved by the reaction between the heated corrosive liquid and the solid matter comprising providing the heating energy by microwaves. This method has been found to be particularly useful in the sulphuric acid leaching of an ore concentrate in the production of beryllium hydroxide.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 1990Date of Patent: February 25, 1992Assignee: Her Majesty the Queen in right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of EnergyInventors: Peter D. Kondos, Kazi E. Haque, John C. MacDonald, Wesley F. Griffith, Daniel Laforest, Joe Iuliano
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Patent number: 5089248Abstract: Metal oxides prepared by exchange reactions between organosemiconductor oxides (such as disiloxanes) and metal coordination compounds (such as neutral metal complexes, metal chelates and chlorometalates), metallic halides (such as zinc chloride), or organometallic compounds (such as methylithium) in inert environments and anhydrous solvents.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1990Date of Patent: February 18, 1992Inventor: Masud Akhtar