Abstract: A method of preventing damage to the shoots and foliage of a plant by a pest includes treating the seed from which the plant grows with a composition that includes at one pyrethrin or synthetic pyrethroid. In another embodiment, the pesticide is not limited to pyrethrins or synthetic pyrethroids when the seed is a transgenic seed having at least one heterologous gene encoding for the expression of a protein having pesticidal activity against a first pest and the pesticide has activity against at least one second pest. Treated seeds are also provided.

Abstract: Novel compounds of formula in which R1 and R2 are phospholipid fatty acid residues and A is an aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon chain optionally substituted by hydroxy and/or further carboxylic functions. The novel compounds are useful for making liposomes of enhanced stability and entrapping capacity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new structural class of amphiphilic molecules which incorporate a hydrophilic material or polymer attached, at spatially distinct sites, to at least two hydrophobic residues. Certain of the amphiphilic molecules comprise a plurality of hydrophobic moieties. All such amphiphilic molecules have a common structural motif and, in contact with water, display surface activity and self-assemble into multimolecular aggregates and liquid crystalline phases. Also disclosed are enhanced stability liposomes that incorporate such amphiphilic molecules via unique interactions, and methods of using such formulations in a variety of applications including drug delivery, nutrition, bio-diagnostics, cosmetics, blood products and related applications.

Abstract: A granular controlled-release pesticide comprising “core” granules such as ammonium sulfate, an inner polymer membrane formed in situ on said granules of ammonium sulfate, an acephate pesticide applied to the inner polymer membrane on the core granules, and an outer controlled-release polyurethane membrane formed in situ on said pesticide to permit controlled release of the pesticide.

Abstract: Compositions for mole control comprise an active ingredient capable of repelling moles prepared such that it can be distributed in a solid form over the mole-invaded areas.

Abstract: There is provided a gel composition having a silica powder and a non-volatile compound. The silica powder particles are spherical and porous. The silica powder has a specific gravity about 0.09 to about 0.6, and is present in an amount about 10 wt % to about 50 wt %. The non-volatile compound is present from about 35 wt % to about 90 wt %. The composition has less than about 5 wt % water. There is also provided a method for imparting a powdery feel to the skin, and a method for treating a cosmetic or medical condition of the skin, nail/cuticle, lips or hair.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an aqueous suspension of insecticidally active compounds comprising a solid active compound applied as a coating to an inorganic carrier and auxiliaries, water and glycerol.

Abstract: Microbiological control in aqueous media and/or eradication or reduction of biofilm on a surface in contact with such media is achieved by introducing into the aqueous medium a microbiocidally effective quantity of one or more 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoins where one of the alkyls is methyl and the other is a C1-4 alkyl, wherein (i) the molar quantity of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin introduced is less than the molar quantity of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin that would be required to effect the same degree of microbiological control in that medium, (ii) the molar quantity of the 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin introduced releases an amount of “free chlorine” that is greater than the amount of “free chlorine” that would be released in that medium by an equimolar quantity of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, and (iii) the amount of “free chlorine” released by the quantity of the 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin introduced is greater than the

Abstract: A sustained release microcapsule comprises (a) an interfacially-polymerized polymer shell comprising at least one shell stabilizer; and (b) a fill composition comprising (1) at least one semiochemical and (2) at least one fill stabilizer.

Abstract: A process for producing a powder comprises spray freeze-drying an aqueous solution or suspension comprising a pharmaceutical agent, said solution or suspension having a solids content of 20% by weight or more. The spray freeze-dried powder may be administered to a subject via a needleless syringe.

Abstract: Microbiological control is achieved by continuously and inexpensively dosing water in contact with biofilm, or that comes into contact with biofilm, using a highly effective biocide that provides very effective microbiocidal control of planktonic microorganisms and of biofilm species, even where the biofilm infestations have been in existence for long periods of time and thus have encased themselves in a substantial quantity of slimy defensive polysaccharide layers or films. In addition, the biocide used makes possible significant reduction in copper and/or iron surfaces in contact with the water as compared to N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin. Still other advantages are made possible by the described technology.

Abstract: A stable aqueous dispersion which comprises a cationic lipid which is a molecule which comprises a cholesterol-derived lipophilic group, a linker bond which is hydrolyzable by cellular enzymes and relatively resistant to base-catalyzed hydrolysis, a spacer arm and a cationic amino group, and an appropriate co-lipid. The invention also includes the cationic lipids and mammalian plasmid DNA or other cells in admixture with the aqueous dispersion.

Abstract: Novel methods and compositions are provided for introducing a gene capable of modulating the genotype and phenotype into two or more tissues following systemic administration. The gene can be introduced into a mammalian host by way of an expression vector either as naked DNA or associated with lipid carriers, particularly cationic lipid carriers. Multiple individual tisssues can be transfected using naked DNA. Using a DNA: lipid carrier complex. multiple tissues and cell types can be transfected. The techniques and compositions find use in the palliation or treatment of any of a variety of genetic-based disorders.

Abstract: Methods for biological and chemical decontamination comprising contacting said biological and chemical toxins with a carbonaceous, polymeric or mineral adsorbent in which elemental or ionic silver is contained in the pores of said adsorbent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a water dispersible granule comprising; (1) a pesticidally active ingredient (2) a copolymer of maleic anhydride and diisobutylene or a salt thereof (3) a compound selected from the group consisting of a polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether Sulfuric acid ester, a polyoxyethylene aryl phenyl ether sulfuric acid ester, a polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl other phosphoric acid ester, and a polyoxyethylene aryl phenyl ether phosphoric acid ester, or a salt thereof (4) a water soluble carrier selected from the group consisting of water soluble polymers, succharides, and reduction products thereof sulfates, carbonates, phosphates, condensed phosphoric acids and salts thereof, solid organic acids, solid organic acid salts, protein, amino acids and a urea, and (5) a water swellable material, The present composition is excellent in disintegration in water and storage stability, and after the storage for a long time, it keeps excellent property as water dispersible granules such as disintegrati

Abstract: A detergent such as nonionic, cationic or anionic detergents and preferably a “sugar detergent” such as octyl-glucopyranoside is rendered insoluble by being bound to an inert substrate. This detergent is effective at inactivating pathogens even when so bound. Under these conditions the concentration of detergent free in solution is vanishingly low: probably below one millimolar in concentration. Addition of insoluble detergent results in effective destruction of enveloped viruses in a variety of protein containing solutions such as blood, plasma, clotting factors or other proteins purified from human blood. Because the detergent is essentially entirely bound to the solid substrate, there is little or no difficulty in ensuring that the end product is detergent-free. Because the detergent is so bound, it causes essentially no damage to proteins, blood cells and other cellular material.

Abstract: A solid pesticidal formulation which comprises (a) 0.1 to 75% by weight of a pesticidal active ingredient, (b) 0.3 to 40% by weight of a dispersant, (c) 0.3 to 20% by weight of a wetting agent, (d) 0.1 to 30% by weight of a boron compound selected from the group of boron oxide, boric acid and borate, (e) 0.1 to 95% by weight of a water-soluble carrier and (f) 0.1 to 30% by weight of smectite that is excellent in preservation stability and can prevent aggregation of formulation, reducing of fluidity, and reducing dispersibility when dilution with water is applied.

Abstract: A process for producing a small-sized, lipid-based cochleate. Cochleates are derived from liposomes which are suspended in an aqueous two-phase polymer solution, enabling the differential partitioning of polar molecule based-structures by phase separation. The liposome-containing two-phase polymer solution, treated with positively charged molecules such as Ca2+ or Zn2+, forms a cochleate precipitate of a particle size less than one micron. The process may be used to produce cochleates containing biologically relevant molecules.

Abstract: The present invention features a sustained-release microcapsule for long-term pest controlling. In general, a microcapsule has a capsule core including active pest-control ingredients and diluents, and a capsule shell which physically separates the capsule core from the surrounding medium. Diluents are arranged to entrap active ingredients therein and to provide resistance to mass transfer of the active ingredients therethrough. The capsule shell generally includes the shell pores and provides additional resistance to mass transfer of the active ingredient therethrough. Diluents are selected from a class of material such that the mass transfer resistances existing in the capsule core and/or capsule shell depend on the temperature of the surrounding medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides pesticidal chemical flowable compositions comprising one or more active ingredients, and other dispersed ingredients, dispersed in an aqueous continuous phase, and an amount of low-density particles sufficient to substantially reduce the difference between the density of the continuous phase and the average density of the dispersed ingredients, inclusive of the low-density particles. The invention also extends to the methods of using low-density particles to inhibit phase separation in pesticidal chemical flowables.

Abstract: Solid water-dispersible compositions containing microencapsulated pesticides are produced by spray-drying an aqueous suspension of said pesticides in the presence of a water-soluble polymer.

Abstract: Microcapsules formed from an aminoplast shell wall and an encapsulated ingredient or ingredients enclosed within the wall in which the wall contains a base-cleavable ester moiety. These capsules have been found to be sensitive to the presence of base such that in the presence of base, the capsule walls are relatively quickly disintegrated or degraded so as to produce a relatively quick release of the encapsulated materials. Microcapsules of this invention are particularly suitable for use in controlling insects having an alkaline gut such as certain lepidoptera in that the capsule shell wall may be designed so as to quickly disintegrate under the alkaline conditions present in the gut of the insect thus providing a microcapsule which is safe to handle but which is selectively effective against certain undesirable insects while not harmful to beneficial insects or insects which do not feed on the capsule materials.

Abstract: A micro-encapsulated pepper-mustard composition which comprises positioning pepper and mustard mixtures within a cluster of surfactant molecules, i.e. micelles, dispersed in water. This micro-encapsulation process involves first forming the micelles in water by exceeding the given critical micelle concentration for either one, two, or three different surfactant types. The active ingredient, pepper and mustard, is then added to this mixture and subsequently emulsified into small liquid drops in order to facilitate swelling of the micelles by way of migration or diffusion of the active ingredient molecules through the water phase and into the micelles. The resulting encapsulated pepper and mustard is effectively stabilized by the surfactant molecules, and the resulting stabilized micro-encapsulated dispersion will not undergo phase separation.

Abstract: Insects come into lighting fixtures, and enormous efforts are expended to clean the interior of a glove. Here is provided a repellent paint, which prevents this effect.

Abstract: Synthetic membranes, micelles and vesicles are formed in response to the spontaneous orientation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in aqueous media. The oligosaccharide moieties of glycoprotein molecules are oriented toward the aqueous environment. The micelles of the present invention are relatively stable in aqueous environments, and thus are useful for transporting substances that can be dissolved or suspended in lipids for inclusion in the micelles. Lipo-glycoprotein micelles are also useful for protecting substances contained within the hydrophobic compartment from dispersal or degradation until the micelle structure is disrupted.

Abstract: A pesticidal composition and anti-parasitic treatment using the same, wherein the composition includes, in a combined pesticidally effective amount (a) carbaryl and (b) a compound having the formula wherein: R1 is CN; R2 is S(O)nR3, 4,5-dicyanoimidazol-2-yl or haloalkyl; R3 is alkyl or haloalkyl; R4 is hydrogen, halogen, NR5R6, S(O)mR7, C(O)R7, C(O)O—R7, alkyl, haloalkyl, OR8 or —N═C(R9)(R10); R5 and R6 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, C(O)alkyl, alkoxycarbonyl or S(O)rCF3; or R5 and R6 together form a divalent alkylene radical which is optionally interrupted by one or two divalent heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur; R7 is alkyl or haloalkyl; R8 is alkyl, haloalkyl or hydrogen; R9 is alkyl or hydrogen; R10 is phenyl or heteroaryl optionally substituted by one or more halogen, OH, —O-alkyl, —S-alkyl, cyano or alkyl; R11 and R12 are, independently of each other, hydrogen, halogen, CN or NO2; R13 is halogen, haloalkyl, h

Abstract: A method for controlling an injurious insect is herein disclosed, which comprises disturbing the copulative communication of an injurious insect to prevent proliferation of the insect by distributing a source of the sex pheromone thereof over a field to be controlled to make the sex pheromone release from the source distributed in the field, wherein a source of the sex pheromone having a high effective component-release rate per unit time is distributed over the central region of the field at a low density while a source of the sex pheromone having a low effective component-release rate per unit time is distributed over the peripheral region of the field at a high density. A sex pheromone-release agent having an effective component-release rate ranging from 0.

Abstract: A unit dose sustained-release oral dosage form containing a plurality of melt-extruded particles, each consisting essentially of a therapeutically active agent, one or more retardants, and an optional water-insoluble binder is disclosed. The particles have a length of from about 0.1 to about 12 mm and can be of varying diameters and each unit dose provides a release of therapeutically active agents over at least about 8 hours. Methods of preparing the unit doses as well as extrusion processes and methods of treatment are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of making a coating for deterring woodpeckers from damaging wood using Isophorone and the composition made therefrom. The Isophorone is combined with heated wax and combined with a thickener, such as a clay thickener and a silica thickener, and mixed with an acrylic resin. The composition is cooled and blending with ceramic pellets under a vacuum and dried. The dried pellets are then added to a polymer resin, such as an epoxy resin to form a coating material that will deter woodpeckers.

Abstract: The present invention features a sustained-release microcapsule for long-term pest controlling. In general, a microcapsule has a capsule core including active pest-control ingredients and diluents, and a capsule shell which physically separates the capsule core from the surrounding medium. Diluents are arranged to entrap active ingredients therein and to provide resistance to mass transfer of the active ingredients therethrough. The capsule shell generally includes the shell pores and provides additional resistance to mass transfer of the active ingredient therethrough. Diluents are selected from a class of material such that the mass transfer resistances existing in the capsule core and/or capsule shell depend on the temperature of the surrounding medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides pH-sensitive micro-capsules, compositions containing them, methods for their preparation and methods for their use.

Abstract: An anti-fungal treatment, for use on skin, comprising an anti-fungal component and a skin treating component. The skin treating component either absorbs moisture on the skin to make an undesirable environment for the fungus, or treats the skin to allow the anti-fungal component to penetrate, allow the skin to heal, and to create an unpleasant, oily environment for the fungus. The anti-fungal component is a combination of goldenseal root powder with ipe roxo powder and poke root powder. The skin treating component is either a skin softening mixture, such as D-alpha tocopherol and olive oil, or is a dehydrator, such as arrowroot and ball clay. A further combined anti-fungal and aromatic component preferably comprises lavender oil, and may also comprise teatree oil.

Abstract: Polyurethane elastomer yams (particularly spandex) containing certain silver-based antimicrobial formulations therein are provided. This invention relates to polyurethane elastomer yams (particularly spandex) containing certain silver-based antimicrobial formulations therein. Such formulations comprise antimicrobial compounds, such as, preferably, triclosan and/or silver-containing ion-exchange resins, such as zirconium phosphate, glass, and/or zeolite compounds. The inventive spandex yarns exhibit excellent antimicrobial qualities as well as surprisingly good anti-tack/frictional characteristics. As a result, antimicrobial spandex yams are provided which exhibit ease in processing, particularly in further knitting, weaving, etc., to produce fabrics therefrom. Such fabrics are also encompassed within this invention.

Abstract: A bait carrier for pesticides comprising a waste product selected from the group consisting of bakery waste, confectionery waste, snack waste and cereal waste. The waste product has a particle size between 6 mesh and 100 mesh and a density between 6 pounds per cubic foot and 40 pounds per cubic foot. After production of the bait carrier, pesticides are added to the carrier by others. The bait carrier serves as an attractant bait for delivery of the pesticide to a pest.

Abstract: A microbead comprising pheromone encapsulated in a coacervate shell is provided. The coacervate shell is entrained in a hydrogel microbead without chemical crosslinking. The microbeads of the present invention are capable of dehydration and rehydration to release of pheromone to the intended environment.

Abstract: A plurality of releasably loaded elastomeric microspheres comprising a plurality of elastomeric microspheres loaded with at least one releasable agriculturally active agent within the optical boundaries of the elastomeric microspheres and post-polymerization addition and in-situ polymerization processes for preparing the releasably loaded elastomeric microspheres are also provided.

Abstract: A molluscicidal material having a predetermined size, composed of an interior core having predetermined properties, at least one adhesive, a mollusk attractant and a molluscicide coating, and the process of treating plants and mollusks with the same.

Abstract: An animal controllant comprises a shellfish waste material mixed with a binding agent and applied to plants such that the controllant repels or attracts animals therefrom, depending on the animal desired to be controlled. The shellfish waste material typically comprises shell and/or tissue material of crab, lobster, mussel, shrimp, clam, oyster, and mixtures thereof, and the binding agent typically comprises clay, corn oil and/or ground corn. A colorant such as alfalfa, which may also act as a binder, may also be added to the controllant formulation. The controllant may be applied to plants by itself or with the aid of an adhesive. The repellent may also be applied to a substrate such as a flag or a protective tube, which is then positioned on or about the plant.

Abstract: Tubules which contain an active agent in their lumen and compositions containing such microtubules are effective for providing a slow, controlled release of the active agent. Such microtubules are useful in the production of coating compositions for the protection of surfaces coming into contact with water, adhesive resins for the production of laminated wood products, and devices for dispensing pesticides.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of loading preformed liposomes by transmembrane permeation induced by alcohols. Solutes loaded into liposomes by this ethanol mediated process include both small nonpolar molecules and larger species, such as proteins and carbohydrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pesticide compositions. In particular, the present invention relates to pesticide compositions comprising a pesticide and a redispersible polymer and to a method for controlling agricultural pests by applying to the pest or the locus of the pest a pesticide composition comprising a pesticide and a redispersible polymer.

Abstract: This patent presents a method to obtain supports for the controlled and lasting emission of semiochemicals used in the environmental fight against agricultural plagues, due to their noteworthy advantages over other emitters, among which the following stand out: Adaptation to the emitting needs and to the properties of each semiochemical The capacity to achieve long useful life times The non-existent pollution that they produce, due to their chemical nature, they blend in soil Their ease of application since they may be used in the form of pastilles, granulates or powder The possibility of compacting them with different shapes in order adapt them to any support.

Abstract: An aqueous suspension formulation of encapsulated pesticide comprising 3 to 30% by weight of nonionic water-soluble substance which is a solid at room temperature and has 50 to 700 of molecular weight is easy to handle, excellent in preservative stability and highly antiseptic.

Abstract: Pyrogenically prepared silica doped with silver or silver oxide is prepared by feeding an aerosol into a flame such as is used for the preparation of pyrogenic silica, mixing the aerosol homogeneously with gas mixture before the reaction, then allowing the aerosol/gas mixture to react in a flame. The resulting pyrogenic silicas doped with silver or silver oxide are separated from the gas stream. The pyrogenic silica doped with silver or silver oxide by means of an aerosol can be used as a bactericidal filler.

Abstract: A mammalian pesticidal composition, and in particular a pesticidal composition for the control of insectivores, in which a pesticidal agent comprising one or more low molecular weight halogenated hydrocarbons, and in particular bromoform, is provided in microencapsulated form, for example, in a coacervated gelatinous base. The resultant microcapsule is preferably provided with a moisture resistant coating which is degradable in a mammalian alimentary system. A method of controlling mammalian pests, in particular insectivores such as moles, using the above composition is also described.

Abstract: An insect coil having an extended, burnable body. The body has multiple treated zones bearing a volatilizable insect control active ingredient at insect controlling levels separated by spacing zones bearing a level of insect control active ingredient lesser than that of the treated zones. When burned, the insect coil releases bursts spaced in time of the active ingredient in insect controlling quantities. Preferably the spacing zones are active ingredient free, and the first treated zone to be burned has an active ingredient level higher than the remaining treated zones. A method of controlling insects by use of the insect coil also is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain natural diatomaceous earth granule compositions which can be broadcast, i.e., dry spread on the soil to deliver a pesticide or fertilizer. The granules retain their physical integrity when spread, and have the unique property to spontaneously disintegrate when irrigation water is applied or rainfall hits the particle. Upon wetting, the particle disintegrates (blooms) to cover the soil surface. This bloom can cover an area many times the original area covered by the granule. The granules have high loadings of the diatomaceous earth, i.e. from about 35 to about 95 weight percent and contain from about 5 to about 40 weight percent of a surfactant system which exhibits excellent disintegration; rewetting and binding properties. Bioactive compounds can be loaded at up to 60 weight percent of the granule. Bioactive compounds may be formulated products or technical grades and may be homogeneously distributed throughout the granule or spray impregnated onto the granule.

Abstract: An improved termite bait composition comprises a powdered cellulosic attractant having a particle size in the range of approximately 1 to 100 micrometers and a termite killing agent. Also disclosed are a method for controlling termites by applying the termite bait composition to a termite infested area and a termite bait composition package for use in a termite bait station comprising the termite bait composition contained within a termite attractive package.

Abstract: A product and method for reducing and preventing the ingestion of substrates by avians wherein the substrates are disposed within an avian house. The product is a bird repellent in combination with a substrate disposed within an avian house. As a result of the reduced ingestion of substrates such as litter, healthier avians are achieved.

Abstract: Controlled release compositions of matter are disclosed comprising complexes for treating a population of one or more aquatic organisms in a column of water. The complexes comprise at least one system wherein the system comprises at least one bioactive agent as a component selected for treating a population of aquatic organisms, at least one carrier component, and at least one coating component for regulating the controlled release rate and release profile of the bioactive agent in water or at least one bioactive agent and one joint-function component that can serve as both a carrier and coating to regulate the controlled release rate and release profile of the bioactive agent in water, with or without optional binder components and/or additional formulation materials. The components are selected to sink or float so that the complexes will permeate and/or remain in any planar or volumetric segment of a water column for a period of time that is sufficient to effectively treat a population of aquatic organisms.